WO2010035378A1 - 画像符号化装置、画像符号化方法及び撮像システム - Google Patents
画像符号化装置、画像符号化方法及び撮像システム Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/189—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding
- H04N19/192—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive
- H04N19/194—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive involving only two passes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/124—Quantisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
- H04N19/15—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output by monitoring actual compressed data size at the memory before deciding storage at the transmission buffer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image coding apparatus and image coding method for compression coding image data.
- the present invention also relates to an imaging system.
- JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group
- MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group
- compression encoding processing in a plurality of encoding processing units is performed so as to reduce bias in the amount of data generated when generating a plurality of encoded data having different bit rates from the same input image data.
- the start timing of the frame is offset controlled on a frame basis.
- the multiplexing processing unit transmits the data at equal intervals in the unit time according to the code amount of each piece of encoded data generated in the unit time by the plurality of encoding processing units (see Patent Document 1).
- the code amount is detected by the code amount detection unit, and the detected code amount is compared with a preset target code amount, and a target is obtained.
- the quantization table is set so that the quantization coefficient becomes smaller and the coefficient evaluated as 0 increases.
- data is quantized using the quantization table set anew, and the quantized data is encoded, compared with the target code amount, and repeated until it becomes smaller than the predetermined target code amount, thereby reducing the data amount. I was going. Therefore, updating of the quantization table, quantization, and coding are repeated, causing delay in data transfer and deterioration of the frame rate of moving images.
- the code target data increases due to a sudden image change (person entry) or the like in a network camera etc.
- the code amount rapidly increases, and when the target code amount is exceeded, frame dropping or the like occurs.
- the present invention is to provide an image coding apparatus and method capable of speeding up compression encoding processing by reducing the number of times of quantization. To aim.
- an image coding processing unit that compresses and codes image data; And a quantization parameter for achieving a target code amount of the second and subsequent coded data based on the code amount detection unit that detects the code amount of 1 encoded data and the code amount from the code amount detection unit.
- a configuration provided with a code amount control unit to be determined is adopted.
- a conversion table for determining a multiplier to be multiplied by a quantization parameter in order to generate second and subsequent encoded data in the image encoding processing unit based on the detected code amount of the first encoded data is further added. If provided, the code amount control unit can determine the quantization parameter for achieving the target code amount of the second and subsequent encoded data based on the determined multiplier.
- the multiplier of the quantization parameter for generating the second and subsequent encoded data is determined in the conversion table on the basis of the code amount of the first encoded data, and based on the determined multiplier. , By determining the quantization parameter for achieving the target code amount of the second and subsequent coded data, before performing the quantization and coding for the generation of the second and subsequent coded data. It is possible to reduce the amount of coded code.
- the image coding apparatus has a function of detecting the code amount of the second and subsequent coded data in the code amount detection unit. According to this, when generating the third and subsequent encoded data, an appropriate quantization parameter can be determined from the code amount of the first or second encoded data.
- the present invention since quantization parameters are controlled in advance before performing quantization and coding, the number of processes can be reduced, and compression coding of image data can be sped up.
- FIG. 2 It is a block diagram showing composition of an imaging system in an embodiment of the invention. It is a block diagram which shows embodiment of the image coding apparatus in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows other embodiment of the image coding apparatus in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the DCT (discrete cosine transform) coefficient obtained by the structure of FIG.2 and FIG.3.
- A), (b) and (c) is a figure which shows the example of the conversion table in the structure of FIG. 3 respectively.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an imaging system (for example, a network camera) 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 21 is an optical system
- 22 is an image sensor
- 23 is an analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
- 24 is a signal processing circuit
- 25 is an image encoding device
- 26 is a recording and transfer circuit
- 27 is a system control circuit
- 28 is a timing control circuit
- 29 is a network interface circuit.
- 30 is a receiving system.
- the entire imaging system 20 of FIG. 1 is controlled by a system control circuit 27.
- an object image incident through the optical system 21 is formed on the image sensor 22.
- the image sensor 22 is driven by the timing control circuit 28 to accumulate optical data of the formed object image and photoelectrically convert it into an electric signal.
- the electrical signal read from the image sensor 22 is converted into a digital signal by the ADC 23 and then input to the signal processing circuit 24 including the image coding device 25.
- the signal processing circuit 24 performs image processing such as Y / C separation processing, edge processing, image enlargement / reduction processing, compression encoding processing using the present invention, and the like.
- the image data subjected to the image processing is recorded on the medium or transferred to the network in the recording and transfer circuit 26.
- the transferred image data is transmitted by the network interface circuit 29 to the receiving system 30.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the image coding apparatus 25 in FIG. 1 in JPEG.
- the image coding apparatus 25 of FIG. 2 includes a still image coding processing unit 40, a code amount detection unit 51, a conversion table 52, and a code amount control unit 53.
- the still image coding processing unit 40 sequentially receives 8 ⁇ 8 pixel data forming one block as the input image data IN, and performs orthogonal transform on the pixel data, and the DCT unit 41 And a variable-length coding unit 43 that codes the quantized data from the quantization unit 42 and supplies the output coded data OUT.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the image encoding device 25 in FIG. 1 in MPEG.
- the image encoding device 25 of FIG. 3 includes a moving image encoding processing unit 60, a code amount detection unit 81, a conversion table 82, and a code amount control unit 83.
- the moving picture coding processing unit 60 includes a prediction error generation unit 61, a DCT unit 62, a quantization unit 63, a variable length coding unit 64, an inverse quantization unit 65, and an inverse DCT unit 66.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of DCT coefficients obtained by the configurations of FIG. 2 and FIG.
- the change in color is mostly smooth. Therefore, in the DCT coefficient distribution as shown in FIG. 4 generated by performing the orthogonal transformation, the DCT coefficients having a large value are concentrated in the low frequency region M, and the DCT coefficients having a small value in the high frequency region N are Become distributed.
- DCT coefficients as shown in FIG. 4 can be obtained by the DCT unit 41.
- the quantization unit 42 generates a quantization coefficient by dividing the DCT coefficient by the quantization parameter set in advance in the quantization table. By performing such processing, it is possible to make the value 0 (zero) for the high frequency area N which does not affect the image quality, and to concentrate the quantization coefficient in the low frequency area M.
- image data is allocated by assigning code words having different lengths according to the appearance rate of the combination of the number of data having a value of 0 (zero) and the value of the quantization coefficient. Compression coding is realized.
- the encoded data obtained by the variable-length coding unit 43 is input to the code amount detection unit 51, and the code amount is obtained.
- the code amount control unit 53 calculates the multiplier of the quantization parameter by the conversion table 52 from the code amount obtained by the code amount detection unit 51, and determines the quantization parameter from the multiplier.
- coding using intra-frame correlation or coding using inter-frame correlation is performed to obtain I picture, P picture, and B picture.
- the output from the quantization unit 63 is also input to the inverse quantization unit 65, and then passes through the inverse DCT unit 66 and is sent to the reconstructed image generation unit 67.
- the result of the motion compensation unit 70 is also input to the reconstructed image generation unit 67. If it is a block of inter-frame correlation, both input data are added and the result is written to the frame memory 68, but the result of the motion compensation unit 70 is not input since it is only the intra-frame correlation in I picture. . Therefore, the data sent from the inverse DCT unit 66 is written to the frame memory 68 as it is.
- the image data sent to the frame memory 68 is called a reconstructed image, and is used as a reference image for P picture or B picture.
- image data is input in block units and sent to the prediction error generation unit 61 and the motion detection unit 69.
- the motion detection unit 69 receives the input image data, reads nearby pixel data at the same spatial position as the input image data from the frame memory 68, and performs a motion search for a pixel position having the highest correlation with the input image data. Then, the motion detection unit 69 sends the image data with the highest correlation to the motion compensation unit 70 as the searched reference image data, and at the same time sends a motion vector indicating the position to the motion vector coding unit 71.
- intra-frame correlation encoding is selected, the subsequent encoding processing is the same as in the I picture.
- the reference image data is sent to the prediction error generation unit 61 via the motion compensation unit 70, and the difference with the input image data is calculated and output to the DCT unit 62.
- the variable length coding unit 64 codes the quantized image data, and at the same time, the data is output from the multiplexing unit 72 together with the motion vector data coded by the motion vector coding unit 71.
- FIG. 5A shows a specific example of the conversion table 82 in the configuration of FIG.
- the conversion table 82 in FIG. 5A is “H.264 / 60 fps” encoding (this is called first encoding) is 1, H.264 is used.
- the frame rates of MPEG-4 and MPEG-2 respectively indicate the values of multipliers to be multiplied by the quantization parameter (first quantization parameter) of the first encoding.
- the coded data obtained by the variable-length coding unit 64 is input to the code amount detection unit 81, and the code amount is obtained.
- the code amount control unit 83 calculates a multiplier for the first quantization parameter by the conversion table 82 shown in FIG. 5A from the code amount obtained by the code amount detection unit 81, and calculates the quantization parameter from the multiplier. decide.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing an example of multi-stream coding order in the configuration of FIG.
- “H.264 / 60 fps” is the first coding
- “MPEG-4 / 60 fps” is the second coding
- “H.264 / 30 fps” is the third coding.
- the multiplier “1.2” is selected at the time of the second encoding
- “first quantization parameter ⁇ 1.2” is set as the second quantization parameter
- the target code amount of the second encoding can be achieved.
- the multiplier “0.5” is selected, and “first quantization parameter ⁇ 0.5” is set as the third quantization parameter, thereby achieving the third encoding target.
- a code amount can be achieved.
- the conversion table 82 may be rewritten by the user.
- the magnitude of the encoded data is calculated before the second and third encoded data are generated by the moving picture encoding processing unit 60.
- the magnitude of the encoded data is calculated before the second and third encoded data are generated by the moving picture encoding processing unit 60.
- the first encoding to be the reference is "H.264 / 60 fps", but may be "another encoding method / frame rate”.
- the multiplier it is possible to calculate the multiplier not only from the frame rate but also from the bit rate and the frame type.
- An example for the bit rate is shown in FIG. 5 (b).
- An example of the frame type is shown in FIG.
- the quantization parameter when the quantization parameter is determined with the code amount generated by the P picture of MPEG-2 as the target code amount, the code amount of four times is generated by the I picture of MPEG-2 Be done.
- the code amount generated in the I picture can be made closer to the target code amount. is there.
- the image processing in the image encoding device 25 is not necessarily applied only to the signal based on the subject image formed on the image sensor 22 via the optical system 21, for example It is needless to say that the present invention can also be applied to processing an image signal input as an electrical signal from an apparatus.
- the present invention can speed up image compression encoding, so an image encoding apparatus that needs control to obtain a fixed code amount, for example, a network camera including a monitoring camera , Useful for videophones etc.
- Reference Signs List 20 imaging system 21 optical system 22 image sensor 23 analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 24 signal processing circuit 25 image encoding device 26 recording transfer circuit 27 system control circuit 28 timing control circuit 29 network interface circuit 30 reception system 40 still picture encoding processing unit 41 DCT unit (orthogonal transformation unit) 42 Quantization unit 43 Variable length coding unit 51 Code amount detection unit 52 Conversion table 53 Code amount control unit 60 Video encoding processing unit 61 Prediction error generation unit 62 DCT unit (Orthogonal transformation unit) 63 Quantization unit 64 Variable-length coding unit 65 Inverse quantization unit 66 Inverse DCT unit (inverse orthogonal transformation unit) 67 reconstructed image generation unit 68 frame memory 69 motion detection unit 70 motion compensation unit 71 motion vector encoding unit 72 multiplexing unit 81 code amount detection unit 82 conversion table 83 code amount control unit
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Abstract
Description
21 光学系
22 イメージセンサ
23 アナログ・デジタル変換器(ADC)
24 信号処理回路
25 画像符号化装置
26 記録転送回路
27 システム制御回路
28 タイミング制御回路
29 ネットワークインターフェース回路
30 受信システム
40 静止画像符号化処理部
41 DCT部(直交変換部)
42 量子化部
43 可変長符号化部
51 符号量検出部
52 変換テーブル
53 符号量制御部
60 動画像符号化処理部
61 予測誤差生成部
62 DCT部(直交変換部)
63 量子化部
64 可変長符号化部
65 逆量子化部
66 逆DCT部(逆直交変換部)
67 再構成画像生成部
68 フレームメモリ
69 動き検出部
70 動き補償部
71 動きベクトル符号化部
72 多重化部
81 符号量検出部
82 変換テーブル
83 符号量制御部
Claims (14)
- 同一の入力画像データから複数の符号化データを生成する画像符号化装置であって、
画像データを圧縮符号化する画像符号化処理部と、
生成された第1の符号化データの符号量を検出する符号量検出部と、
前記符号量検出部からの符号量に基づいて、第2以降の符号化データの目標符号量を達成するための量子化パラメータを決定する符号量制御部とを備えたことを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 同一の入力画像データから複数の符号化データを生成する画像符号化装置であって、
画像データを圧縮符号化する画像符号化処理部と、
生成された第1の符号化データの符号量を検出する符号量検出部と、
検出された第1の符号化データの符号量を基準にして前記画像符号化処理部にて第2以降の符号化データを生成するために量子化パラメータに乗算すべき乗数を決定する変換テーブルと、
決定された乗数に基づいて、第2以降の符号化データの目標符号量を達成するための量子化パラメータを決定する符号量制御部とを備えたことを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 請求項2記載の画像符号化装置において、
前記符号量検出部は、第2以降の符号化データの符号量を検出する機能を更に備え、
前記変換テーブルは、前記第2以降の符号化データの符号量に基づいて量子化パラメータの乗数を決定することを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 請求項2記載の画像符号化装置において、
前記変換テーブルは、第1の符号化データと第2以降の符号化データとの符号化方式に基づいて量子化パラメータの乗数を決定することを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 請求項2記載の画像符号化装置において、
前記変換テーブルは、第1の符号化データと第2以降の符号化データとのフレームレートに基づいて量子化パラメータの乗数を決定することを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 請求項2記載の画像符号化装置において、
前記変換テーブルは、第1の符号化データと第2以降の符号化データとのフレームタイプに基づいて量子化パラメータの乗数を決定することを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 請求項2記載の画像符号化装置において、
前記変換テーブルは、第1の符号化データと第2以降の符号化データとのビットレートに基づいて量子化パラメータの乗数を決定することを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 請求項2記載の画像符号化装置において、
前記変換テーブルは、符号化方式、フレームレート、フレームタイプ、ビットレートのいずれか1つ又はこれらの組み合わせによって量子化パラメータの乗数を決定することを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 請求項2記載の画像符号化装置において、
前記画像符号化処理部は、
1ブロックを構成する画素データが順次入力されて当該画素データを直交変換する直交変換部と、
前記直交変換部からの直交変換データを量子化する量子化部と、
前記量子化部からの量子化データを符号化する符号化部とを備え、
前記符号量制御部は、前記量子化部における量子化を制御することを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 請求項2記載の画像符号化装置において、
前記画像符号化処理部は、
1ブロックを構成する画素データが順次入力されて当該画素データを直交変換する直交変換部と、
前記直交変換部からの直交変換データを量子化する量子化部と、
前記量子化部からの量子化データを符号化する符号化部と、
前記量子化部からの量子化データを逆量子化する逆量子化部と、
前記逆量子化部からの逆量子化データを逆直交変換する逆直交変換部と、
前記逆直交変換部からの逆直交変換データを記憶するフレームメモリと、
前記フレームメモリからのデータと現フレームの入力画像データとから動き検出を行う動き検出部と、
前記動き検出部からの動き検出結果に基づいて参照画像データを生成する動き補償部と、
入力画像データと前記動き補償部からの参照画像データとの差分を生成する予測誤差生成部とを備え、
前記符号量制御部は、前記量子化部における量子化と、前記逆量子化部における逆量子化とを制御することを特徴とする画像符号化装置。 - 画像符号化装置を用いて、同一の入力画像データから複数の符号化データを生成する画像符号化方法であって、
画像データを圧縮符号化する工程と、
生成された第1の符号化データの符号量を検出する工程と、
前記検出された符号量に基づいて、第2以降の符号化データの目標符号量を達成するための量子化パラメータを決定する工程とを備えたことを特徴とする画像符号化方法。 - 請求項2記載の画像符号化装置を含んで信号処理を行う信号処理回路と、
前記信号処理回路へ画像信号を出力するセンサと、
前記センサへ光を結像する光学系とを備えたことを特徴とする撮像システム。 - 請求項12記載の撮像システムにおいて、
前記センサから得た画像信号をデジタル信号に変換して前記信号処理回路へ供給する変換器を更に備えたことを特徴とする撮像システム。 - 請求項12記載の撮像システムにおいて、
前記画像符号化装置の符号化データをネットワークへ送出するインターフェース回路を更に備えたことを特徴とする撮像システム。
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US20050276500A1 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-12-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image encoding apparatus, and image processing apparatus and its control method |
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2009
- 2009-07-14 WO PCT/JP2009/003308 patent/WO2010035378A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-07-14 JP JP2010530691A patent/JPWO2010035378A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-07-14 CN CN2009801334399A patent/CN102132569A/zh active Pending
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2010
- 2010-12-28 US US12/979,938 patent/US20110096831A1/en not_active Abandoned
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WO2012042701A1 (ja) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-04-05 | パナソニック株式会社 | マルチストリーム符号化制御装置及びカメラシステム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102132569A (zh) | 2011-07-20 |
US20110096831A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
JPWO2010035378A1 (ja) | 2012-02-16 |
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