WO2010024659A1 - Procédés pour la production d’huile de coco vierge, d’huile de friture à base de coco et de matière première pour du biodiesel à base de noix de coco - Google Patents

Procédés pour la production d’huile de coco vierge, d’huile de friture à base de coco et de matière première pour du biodiesel à base de noix de coco Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010024659A1
WO2010024659A1 PCT/MY2008/000089 MY2008000089W WO2010024659A1 WO 2010024659 A1 WO2010024659 A1 WO 2010024659A1 MY 2008000089 W MY2008000089 W MY 2008000089W WO 2010024659 A1 WO2010024659 A1 WO 2010024659A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coconut
liquid
oil
fruits
irradiating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MY2008/000089
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kaida Khalid
Rudy Nurdin
Izzatul Hidayah Basri
Yaakob Che Man
Irmawati Ramli
Original Assignee
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universiti Putra Malaysia filed Critical Universiti Putra Malaysia
Priority to PCT/MY2008/000089 priority Critical patent/WO2010024659A1/fr
Priority to AU2008361044A priority patent/AU2008361044B2/en
Publication of WO2010024659A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010024659A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/005—Refining fats or fatty oils by wave energy or electric current, e.g. electrodialysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to process for preparation of virgin coconut oil (VCO), raw material for high quality coconut biodiesel and coconut cooking oil from coconut milk by applying microwave separation technology.
  • VCO virgin coconut oil
  • coconut oil is a fat consisting of about 90% saturated fat.
  • the oil contains predominantly medium chain triglycerides; with roughly 92% saturated fatty acids, 6% monounsaturated fatty acids and 2% polyunsaturated fatty acids.
  • saturated fatty acids coconut oil is primarily 44.6% lauric acid, 16.8% myristic acid, 8.2% palmitic acid and 8% caprylic acid, although it contains seven different saturated fatty acids in total. Its only monosaturated fatty acid is oleic acid while its only polyunsaturated fatty acid is linoleic acid.
  • Unrefined coconut oil melts at 24-25°C(76°F) and smokes at 170 0 C (350 0 F) while refined coconut oil has a higher smoke point of 232°C.
  • coconut oil can be classified as virgin coconut oil, refined oil, hydrogenated oil and fractionated oil.
  • Virgin coconut oil is derived from fresh coconuts (rather than dried, as in copra).
  • Most oils marketed as "virgin” are produced one of three ways: a) Quick drying of fresh coconut meat which is then used to press out the oil. b) Wet-milling (coconut milk). With this method the oil is extracted from fresh coconut meat without drying first.”Coconut milk” is expressed first by pressing. The oil is then further separated from the water. Methods which can be used to separate the oil from the water which includes boiling, fermentation, refrigeration, enzymes and mechanical centrifuge. c) Wet-milling(direct micro expelling). In this process, the oil is extracted from fresh coconut meat after the adjustment of the water content, then the pressing of the coconut flesh results in the direct extraction of free-flowing oil.
  • coconut oil is commonly used in cooking, especially when frying. In communities where coconut oil is widely used in cooking, the refined oil is the one most commonly used. Coconut oil is commonly used to flavor many South Asian foods. Coconut oil is used in volume quantities for making margarine, soap and cosmetics. Hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated coconut oil is often used in non-dairy creamers and snack foods. Fractionated coconut oil is also used in the manufacture of essences, massage oils and cosmetics. Coconut oil is an important component of many industrial lubricants, for example in the cold rolling of steel strip. Coconut oil has been tested for use as a feedstock for biodiesel to be used as a diesel engine fuel. In this manner, it can be applied to power generators and transport using diesel engines.
  • coconut oil is blended to make biodiesel but can also be used straight, without blending.
  • BlOO biodiesel blends are only possible in temperate climates as the gel point is approximately 10 0 C (50 degrees Fahrenheit).
  • the oil needs to meet the Weihenstephen standard for pure vegetable oil used as a fuel since otherwise moderate to severe damage from coking and clogging will occur in an unmodified engine.
  • coconut oil Unlike olive oil, there is no world or governing body that sets a standard definition or set of guidelines to classify coconut oil as "virgin".
  • the conventional method of extracting coconut oil involves long process, expensive and sometimes using external chemical such as enzymes. There is a need for quick method which is fast, cheap, easy and chemical free.
  • Most commercial grade coconut oils are made from copra.
  • Copra is basically the dried kernel (meat) of the coconut. It can be made by smoke drying, sun drying or kiln drying or derivatives or a combination of these three. Since World War 2, coconut oil has been used as a raw material for biodiesel.
  • coconut based biodiesel Some of the benefits of coconut based biodiesel are less emissions and toxic fumes than petroleum diesel fuel, lower viscosity, and specific energy closer to petroleum diesel and higher cetane number.
  • copra based coconut cooking oil involves a long process, the quality is not as good as palm oil and the solidification point of about 25 0 C, making it not suitable for winter diesel.
  • the improved process for preparation of virgin coconut oil (VCO), raw material for high quality coconut biodiesel and coconut cooking oil from the coconut milk is based on optimum set-up of time, temperature and power in the microwave irradiation separation system and initial preparation of coconut milk before microwave radiation.
  • This process can produce high quality VCO, coconut cooking oil and raw material for coconut-based biodiesel. It is chemical free, faster method, easier to operate and high yield of about 300ml/kg (VCO) and 10-15 coconuts per litre of biodiesel oil.
  • the preparation of VCO involves the low temperature microwave irradiation treatment of coconut milk, generally less than 60 0 C. While the coconut cooking oil and raw material for coconut biodiesel wherein the temperature is controlled up to 8O 0 C and 100 0 C respectively. The whole process will take about 30 minutes at the power level of about 500 Watt. In these processes, there is a need for the temperature control system in order to control the temperature of sample. The starting temperature is normally between 5-10 0 C. (Refer to Fig.
  • the oil can be separated using conventional methods such as gravitational separation or centrifuge method.
  • a special treatment is applied for the preparation of VCO. For example, special care during the separation process using the highest quality coconut fruits, fresh coconut milk and avoiding any exposure to bacteria.
  • the properties of a freshly prepared VCO has been compared with the commercial VCO in terms of their chemical compounds (refer to Fig.2). It is shown that the microwaved-VCO has higher lauric and capric acid compounds. In terms of molecule structure of this material, it is clear that the Raman spectrum of microwaved-VCO is almost similar to the commercial ones (See Fig. 3).
  • the biodiesel prepared from microwaved-coconut oil has the unique properties in terms of lower solidification point, -11 0 C and the specific energy almost comparable to the palm oil biodiesel (see Table 1). Therefore, it is suitable to be used as winter diesel.
  • Fig. 1 shows the process flow for production of virgin coconut oil (VCO), coconut cooking oil and raw material for biodiesel.
  • Fig. 2 shows percentage comparison of fatty acid composition in microwaved-VCO and commercial VCO.
  • Fig. 3 shows intensity comparison of fatty acid composition in microwaved-VCO and commercial VCO based on Raman spectrum.
  • the fresh coconut fruit was chosen from high quality grade.
  • the quality of coconut fruit is determined by their type or clone and normally selected from matured fruit.
  • the fresh coconut milk can be obtained by normal squeezing process of coconut meat at ambient temperature and pressure. Process 2: Special Treatment of Coconut Milk
  • the milk has to be kept in the freezer with the temperature setting of about -5°C or below.
  • it should be kept overnight as a pre- treatment by which the coconut milk is separated in the form of water and emulsion. This pre- treatment is important in order to obtain highest yield of oil. This sample is now ready to be irradiated for microwave treatment.
  • the multimode microwave cavity volume with a typical dimension of 35x35x35 cm 3 is used for microwave irradiation process. It is equipped with automatic infrared temperature controller detector 'IRTC' or fiber optic temperature sensor, time counter and high power microwave generator with the capacity to emit continuous power ranging from 400 to 1000 Watt at frequency 2.45 GHz. It is also equipped with a 2 L sample flask glass for the microwave separation process.
  • This multi-mode microwave cavity can be designed as a single cavity for the batch process or a long cavity for continuous process.
  • Process 3b Control system
  • This oven is connected to computer control system for time, temperature and power settings.
  • the temperature setting of the sample for the preparation of VCO is ranging between 40 to 6O 0 C.
  • the produced oil is suitable to be used for cooking oil and raw material for biodiesel. From the study, it is shown that the temperature setting between 70 to 80 0 C will give highest yield of oil.
  • the power setting in this process is generally ranging from 500 to 1000 W for small scale production or more than 1000 Watt for a large scale system.
  • the higher the microwave power we used the faster for the sample to achieve the setting temperature and as this temperature is achieved the microwave power will ON and OFF accordingly in order to maintain the setting temperature. Therefore, the process time for 500 W setting and 1000 W setting is different in terms of the time for achieving setting temperature.
  • the final process for the collection of oil after the microwave irradiation normally involve with the filtering process and gravity separation system. Regardless on the type of the targeted oil, all irradiated oil will past through the same separation process.
  • the final target products from the separation process consist of microwave-prepared VCO, raw material for coconut biodiesel and microwave-prepared coconut cooking oil.
  • Microwave-prepared VCO can be used for foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)

Abstract

De l’huile de coco vierge, de l’huile de friture et de l’huile de coco pour du biodiesel sont obtenues par irradiation de lait de coco frais par des micro-ondes. Selon le produit final souhaité, le réglage optimal de la puissance, de la durée et de la température des micro-ondes est régulé électroniquement en conséquence. L’huile vierge requiert un réglage de puissance des micro-ondes de 50 à 1500 Watt à une fréquence de 300 MHz à 20 GHz et une plage de température de 40 à 60 °C pendant une durée de 10 à 60 minutes, alors que l’huile de friture requiert une plage de température de 60 à 80 °C et l’huile de coco pour du biodiesel entre 80 et 100 °C. L’huile est séparée du lait irradié par des moyens gravitationnels ou centrifuges.
PCT/MY2008/000089 2008-08-27 2008-08-27 Procédés pour la production d’huile de coco vierge, d’huile de friture à base de coco et de matière première pour du biodiesel à base de noix de coco WO2010024659A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/MY2008/000089 WO2010024659A1 (fr) 2008-08-27 2008-08-27 Procédés pour la production d’huile de coco vierge, d’huile de friture à base de coco et de matière première pour du biodiesel à base de noix de coco
AU2008361044A AU2008361044B2 (en) 2008-08-27 2008-08-27 Processes for producing virgin coconut oil. coconut cooking oil and raw material for coconut biodiesel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/MY2008/000089 WO2010024659A1 (fr) 2008-08-27 2008-08-27 Procédés pour la production d’huile de coco vierge, d’huile de friture à base de coco et de matière première pour du biodiesel à base de noix de coco

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010024659A1 true WO2010024659A1 (fr) 2010-03-04

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Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU2008361044B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010024659A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102337180A (zh) * 2011-06-27 2012-02-01 万绍平 一种微波辅助油脂碱炼的方法
RU2576522C1 (ru) * 2014-12-10 2016-03-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВПО "КубГТУ") Способ подготовки масличных семян к холодному отжиму
CN107494712A (zh) * 2017-09-25 2017-12-22 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 一种应用于香蕉的龙眼核精油保鲜剂及其制备方法
RU2667770C1 (ru) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-24 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Технойл" (ООО "Технойл") Способ обработки масличных семян перед прессованием
US11254891B2 (en) * 2018-02-01 2022-02-22 Bioboon Limited Mixtures of triglycerides and of alkylesters from vegetable oil and applications

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6077400A (en) * 1997-09-23 2000-06-20 Imperial Petroleum Recovery Corp. Radio frequency microwave energy method to break oil and water emulsions
US20040074760A1 (en) * 2002-10-17 2004-04-22 Carnegie Mellon University Production of biofuels
US20080221226A1 (en) * 2007-03-07 2008-09-11 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. Method for the microwave treatment of water-in-oil emulsions

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6077400A (en) * 1997-09-23 2000-06-20 Imperial Petroleum Recovery Corp. Radio frequency microwave energy method to break oil and water emulsions
US20040074760A1 (en) * 2002-10-17 2004-04-22 Carnegie Mellon University Production of biofuels
US20080221226A1 (en) * 2007-03-07 2008-09-11 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. Method for the microwave treatment of water-in-oil emulsions

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102337180A (zh) * 2011-06-27 2012-02-01 万绍平 一种微波辅助油脂碱炼的方法
RU2576522C1 (ru) * 2014-12-10 2016-03-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВПО "КубГТУ") Способ подготовки масличных семян к холодному отжиму
RU2667770C1 (ru) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-24 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Технойл" (ООО "Технойл") Способ обработки масличных семян перед прессованием
CN107494712A (zh) * 2017-09-25 2017-12-22 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 一种应用于香蕉的龙眼核精油保鲜剂及其制备方法
CN107494712B (zh) * 2017-09-25 2020-11-17 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 一种应用于香蕉的龙眼核精油保鲜剂及其制备方法
US11254891B2 (en) * 2018-02-01 2022-02-22 Bioboon Limited Mixtures of triglycerides and of alkylesters from vegetable oil and applications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2008361044A1 (en) 2010-03-04
AU2008361044B2 (en) 2011-06-09

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