WO2010021168A1 - リニアモータ装置 - Google Patents
リニアモータ装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010021168A1 WO2010021168A1 PCT/JP2009/054770 JP2009054770W WO2010021168A1 WO 2010021168 A1 WO2010021168 A1 WO 2010021168A1 JP 2009054770 W JP2009054770 W JP 2009054770W WO 2010021168 A1 WO2010021168 A1 WO 2010021168A1
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- Prior art keywords
- armature
- linear motor
- field
- motor device
- excitation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/04—Machines with one rotor and two stators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/06—Linear motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/06—Linear motors
- H02P25/062—Linear motors of the induction type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/06—Linear motors
- H02P25/064—Linear motors of the synchronous type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/06—Linear motors
- H02P25/064—Linear motors of the synchronous type
- H02P25/066—Linear motors of the synchronous type of the stepping type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/006—Controlling linear motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a movable magnet that moves a permanent magnet by selectively exciting a plurality of armatures in a linear motor device used in a linear motion mechanism of a precision device such as a semiconductor manufacturing device, a liquid crystal manufacturing device, or a machine tool.
- the present invention relates to a linear motor device.
- the movable magnet type linear motor device is provided with a plurality of coils (armatures) in the stator, and is selectively excited to move the field permanent magnet as the mover.
- armatures coils
- There are general technical problems such as downsizing of the apparatus in the long stroke, suppression of heat generation or high efficiency due to copper loss generated by a plurality of coils (armatures), and suppression of thrust ripple during excitation switching.
- the conventional first linear motor device is configured by arranging a plurality of coils on a stator and providing the same number of switches as the coils between the plurality of coils and a current amplifier (for example, Patent Document 1). .
- the conventional second linear motor device has a plurality of coils arranged on the stator, and a switch is provided between the same number of current amplifiers connected to each coil and a controller that gives a current control command to the current amplifiers. (For example, patent document 2).
- a plurality of coils are arranged in the stator, a switch is provided between the current amplifier and the lead start end side of the coil, and further between the lead end end side of the coil.
- a switch is provided (for example, Patent Document 3).
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 are configured to switch the excitation for each coil, the span of the excitation switching section is short, and the switching is finely performed according to the movement of the mover. It is characterized by going. Therefore, this method is effective for applications that require precise movement within a stroke of 1 m.
- the conventional fourth linear motor device is configured by disposing a plurality of armatures having a plurality of coils on a stator and providing a switch between the current amplifier and the armature (for example, Patent Documents). 3).
- the conventional fifth linear motor device is configured by arranging a plurality of armatures having a plurality of coils in a stator and connecting the same number of current amplifiers as the armatures to each armature (for example, Patent Document 5).
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 are configured to switch excitation for each armature, the excitation switching section is relatively long, and a large span according to the movement of the mover. It is characterized by switching with. For this reason, this is an effective method for applications where the stroke is several tens of meters or more.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-119916 page 4-8, FIG. 13
- JP 2001-85503 A page 3-5, FIG. 1
- JP 2006-87230 A page 5-6, FIG. 1
- Japanese Patent No. 3329873 page 8-10, FIG. 5) JP-A-4-229092 (page 2-3, FIG. 1)
- the conventional linear motor device has the following problems.
- the stator of the linear motor becomes longer, and the number of coils and switches greatly increases.
- the number of coils is 100 or more. That is, 100 or more switches are provided, and furthermore, 100 or more cables connecting the coil and the switch are provided.
- the size of the entire linear motor device becomes a problem, and the high cost due to the increase in the number of switches and cables becomes a problem.
- the configurations of the conventional fourth and fifth linear motor devices are configured by connecting a large number of coils in series even if the linear motor stator is lengthened in accordance with the stroke. It can be lengthened. That is, since the excitation is switched for each armature having a long excitation switching section, the above problem can be solved without increasing the number of switches and cables.
- this configuration when the mover straddles two armatures, a large difference (unbalance) occurs in the induced voltage generated in each phase coil by the permanent magnet of the mover, and a circulating current flows.
- This circulating current becomes a disturbance of the current control system, and a thrust ripple is generated when current corresponding to a predetermined thrust cannot be supplied to each armature to be excited.
- Such thrust ripple can be fatal to the desired accuracy when the linear motor device is applied to precision devices (eg, semiconductor manufacturing devices, liquid crystal manufacturing devices, machine tools, etc.), and is improved. There was a need for.
- the movable magnet type linear motor device that selectively excites a plurality of armatures and moves a permanent magnet according to the present invention aims to reduce the size of the device itself even if the stroke becomes long. Moreover, this linear motor apparatus aims at reducing heat_generation
- the invention according to claim 1 is composed of a multi-phase armature having a plurality of coils and a field having a plurality of permanent magnets, and the plurality of armatures are arranged in a line in the moving direction of the field.
- a controller that outputs an excitation switching signal for each current amplifier so as not to straddle the armature with which the field is excited.
- the armature excitation operation is sequentially performed based on the control command and the relative position.
- the relationship between the length of the magnetic field of the linear motor and the length per armature is excited by the controller. Is preset so that the field does not straddle.
- the movement direction length per armature is La
- the movement direction length of the field is Lm
- the maximum number of excitations is P, (P + 1) ⁇ La ⁇ Lm ⁇ (P + 2) ⁇ La It will be.
- the controller according to the first aspect of the present invention smoothly applies the thrust applied to the armature during the excitation start process from 0 to a predetermined thrust value according to the relative position.
- the thrust applied to the armature in the excitation end process is changed smoothly from a predetermined thrust value to zero according to the relative position.
- the controller in the invention described in claim 1 is such that the sum of the thrust command values between the armatures in the excitation start process or the excitation end process is always constant. To do.
- the controller according to the first aspect of the invention changes the number of excitations of the armature according to the magnitude of the thrust generated in the field.
- the invention according to claim 7 comprises a multi-phase armature having a plurality of coils and a field having a plurality of permanent magnets, and the plurality of armatures are arranged in a predetermined row in the moving direction of the field.
- a linear motor arranged in a predetermined parallel number having a shift amount, a position detector for detecting a relative position of the field with respect to the armature, and a current amplifier for supplying current to the same number of coils as the armature;
- a control command is given to the current amplifier, and excitation switching is performed for each current amplifier so as not to straddle the armature excited by the field
- a controller that outputs a signal, and sequentially performs the exciting operation of the armature based on the control command and the relative position.
- the invention according to claim 8 is the armature in which the relationship between the length of the field of the linear motor and the length per armature in the invention according to claim 7 is excited by the controller. Is preset so that the field does not straddle.
- the parallel number of the armatures is Q
- the moving direction length per armature is La
- the movement of the field is performed.
- the controller according to the seventh aspect of the present invention smoothly applies the thrust applied to the armature in the excitation start process from 0 to a predetermined thrust value according to the relative position.
- the thrust applied to the armature in the excitation end process is changed smoothly from a predetermined thrust value to zero according to the relative position.
- the controller in the invention described in claim 7 is such that the sum of the thrust command values between the armatures in the excitation start process or the excitation end process is always constant. To do.
- the controller according to the seventh aspect of the invention changes the number of excitations of the armature according to the magnitude of the thrust generated in the field.
- the armature is switched for each armature composed of a large number of coils and the field does not straddle the excited armature. And set the length of the field. Therefore, even if the stroke becomes long, it is small and heat generation can be reduced, and further, the braking force due to the circulating current can be eliminated.
- the length of the armature and the field is set so that the field does not straddle the excited armature, The same effect as that of the first aspect can be obtained.
- the linear motor device can be miniaturized.
- the thrust command given to the armature at the start of excitation is smoothly changed according to the relative position from 0 to a predetermined thrust command value, and the excitation end Since the thrust command given to the armature is smoothly changed from a predetermined thrust command value to zero according to the relative position, there is no abrupt change of the thrust command, and a linear motor device free from shock at the time of excitation switching can be provided.
- the linearity does not cause excessive power supply and thrust shortage.
- a motor device can be provided.
- 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a linear motor device showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a configuration diagram of a stator and a mover of a linear motor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- Overall configuration diagram of a linear motor device showing a second embodiment of the present invention Configuration diagram of stator and mover of linear motor device showing second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a linear motor device showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a mover
- 10 is a stator
- 14 is a position detector
- 15 is a controller
- a 1 to An are armatures
- B 1 to B n are current amplifiers.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the stator 10 and the mover 1 of the linear motor device according to the first embodiment.
- 11 denotes a coil
- Lm is the moving direction length of the mover 1
- La is a moving direction length of the armature A 1 ⁇ A n.
- 2A is a diagram showing the relative positional relationship of the mover 1 with respect to the stator 10
- FIG. 2B shows the connection between the armatures A 1 to An and the current amplifiers B 1 to B n.
- FIG. 1 is a mover
- 10 is a stator
- 14 is a position detector
- 15 is a controller
- a 1 to An are armatures
- the mover 1 is composed of a permanent magnet 2 that forms a plurality of field magnetic poles.
- the mover 1 can be moved relative to the stator 10 via a predetermined gap by a support mechanism (not shown).
- the stator 10 includes a plurality of n armature A 1 ⁇ A n are configured in a row, the armature A 1 ⁇ A n, from the six coils 11 forming the armature winding of each of the three phases It is configured.
- Coil 11 is between those of the same phase are connected in series, the starting end are connected to the current amplifier B 1 ⁇ B n of a plurality of n (the same number as the armature A 1 ⁇ A n), the neutral its end, each Connected as dots.
- the controller 15 Based on the mover position information obtained by the position detector 14 and the actual current information obtained by the current detector (not shown), the controller 15 compares the phase of the current with the thrust command value. A command value for amplitude is generated.
- Current amplifier B 1 ⁇ B n supplies a three-phase current to the armature A 1 ⁇ A n on the basis of the current command value.
- the position detector 14 for example, a Hall element, a linear encoder, a laser interferometer, or the like is used.
- the moving direction length of the armature A 1 ⁇ A n La the maximum excitation number of the armature A 1 ⁇ A n P, the moving direction length of the mover 1 and Lm, (P + 1) ⁇ La ⁇ Lm ⁇ (P + 2) ⁇ La It is comprised so that.
- the maximum number of excitations P 2, 3 ⁇ La ⁇ Lm ⁇ 4 ⁇ La It is.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the excitation operation of the linear motor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c) sequentially move the mover 1 from left to right in FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows the excitation operation of the armatures A 1 to A 4 when they are performed.
- FIG. 3D is a diagram showing a switching sequence of the armatures A 1 to A 4 .
- the slanted numbers in the mover 1 represent the number of permanent magnets 2 that form field magnetic poles.
- the mover 1 moves to the right, turned OFF comes the excitation of the armature A 1 to the position of FIG. 3 (b), ON the excitation of the armature A 3.
- the mover 1 is opposite to A 3 in the armature A 1.
- the mover 1 faces both the armature A 2 and A 4 .
- the horizontal axis represents the center position of the mover 1.
- the position of the mover 1 is accurately detected by the position detector 14 in FIG. 1, and the controller 15 in FIG. 1 turns on and off the excitation of each armature based on the position information. Timing is generated. In this way, the armature excitation operation according to the movement of the mover is performed.
- FIGS. 3A to 3D when the excitation is switched (states (b) and (c)), the armature that is turned on / off is always inside the mover 1. It can be seen that the excitation is switched on and off without the field straddling the excited armature.
- the linear motor device configured as described above switches the excitation ON / OFF for each armature composed of a large number of coils, and prevents the field from straddling the excited armature. And the length of the magnetic field (the length of three coils 11 in FIG. 2 and the length of four permanent magnets 2 (four poles) in FIG. 2 are matched). Since the switching is OFF, the heat generation can be reduced even if the stroke becomes long, and the braking force due to the circulating current can be eliminated.
- FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a linear motor device showing a second embodiment.
- 20 is a stator and 21 is a mover.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the stator 20 and the mover 21 of the linear motor device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram showing the relative positional relationship of the mover 21 with respect to the stator 20, and
- FIG. 5B shows the connection between the armatures A 1 to An and the current amplifiers B 1 to B n.
- omitted since the structure which attached
- the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the configuration of the stator 20 and the length of the mover 21 in the field movement direction associated therewith.
- the stator 20 has a plurality of n armature A 1 ⁇ A n are arranged structure in a predetermined number of parallel with a predetermined column shift amount, the armature A 1 ⁇ A n is form armature windings of three phases 6 coils 11 are formed.
- the moving direction of the armature A 1 ⁇ A n Q the number of columns, armature A 1 ⁇ A n La movement direction length of the armature A 1 ⁇ A n maximum excitation number of P, the movable element 21
- the length is Lm
- the child A 2 is arranged so as to be shifted by 3 coils (shift amount ⁇ L) with respect to the coil of A 1 in the first row.
- the coil 11 of the first row and the armature A 1 in the second row and the A 2 are overlapped coils of the same phase, so that the thrust reduction does not occur due to a deviation of the shift amount [Delta] L.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the excitation operation of the linear motor device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (c) show the movement of the movable element 21 from left to right in FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows the excitation operation of the armatures A 1 to A 5 when they are performed.
- FIG. 6D is a diagram showing a switching sequence of the armatures A 1 to A 4 .
- or 5 has the same effect, it abbreviate
- the movable element 21 moves to the right, and OFF the excitation comes when the armature A 1 to the position of FIG. 6 (b), ON the excitation of the armature A 4.
- the mover 21 faces both the armature A 1 and A 4 .
- the movable element 21 moves to the right, and OFF the excitation comes when the armature A 2 to the position of FIG. 6 (c), the ON excitation of the armature A 5.
- the movable element 21 is also opposed to A 5 to armature A 2.
- the horizontal axis represents the center position of the mover 21.
- the position of the mover 21 is accurately detected by the position detector 14 in FIG. 4, and the controller 15 in FIG. 4 turns on and off the excitation of each armature based on the position information. Timing is generated. In this way, the armature excitation operation according to the movement of the mover is performed.
- the armature that is turned on / off is always the same. It can be seen that the excitation is switched on / off without the field straddling the armature being excited, which is inside the mover 1.
- the linear motor device configured as described above sets the length of the armature and the field so that the field does not straddle the excited armature, the same effect as in the first embodiment. Can be obtained. Furthermore, since the armatures are arranged in Q rows in parallel and are arranged so as to be shifted from each other, the field length Lm can be reduced compared to the first embodiment even if the armature length La is the same. That is, the linear motor device can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the excitation operation and thrust command of the linear motor device according to the third embodiment.
- FIGS. 7A to 7D show the same excitation operation as that in the first embodiment ( FIG. 7 (e) shows thrust commands to the armatures A 1 to A 4 in the controller 15 in FIG. 1 or FIG. .
- the excitation start process and the excitation end process it is expressed as a thrust command in a constant acceleration state in which the thrust generated in the mover 1 is always constant.
- or 6 has the same effect, it abbreviate
- Example 3 differs from Example 1 and Example 2 in that the thrust applied to the armature in the excitation start process is smoothly changed from 0 to a predetermined thrust value according to the relative position, and in the excitation end process.
- the thrust applied to the armature is smoothly changed from a predetermined thrust value to zero according to the relative position.
- the thrust command In the process of starting excitation to each armature, the thrust command is smoothly changed from 0 to a predetermined thrust value according to the relative position, and in the process of ending excitation to each armature, the thrust command is changed from the predetermined thrust value. It is smoothly changed to zero according to the relative position.
- the amount (inclination) for smoothly changing the thrust command may be determined as appropriate, but in order to keep the thrust generated in the mover 1 constant, the controller 15 in FIG. 1 or FIG.
- the sum of the thrust command values between the children is always kept constant.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the excitation operation of the linear motor device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIGS. 8A to 8D are diagrams in which the mover 21 is sequentially moved from left to right in FIG. The excitation operation of the armatures A 1 to A 5 is shown.
- FIG. 8E is a diagram showing a switching sequence of the armatures A 1 to A 4 .
- the fourth embodiment differs from the first to third embodiments in that the number of excitations of the armature is changed in accordance with the magnitude of the thrust generated in the mover.
- the number of excitations of the armature is increased in the acceleration / deceleration section of the mover 21 where a large thrust command value is required, and the number of excitations of the armature is increased in the constant speed section of the mover 21 that may be a relatively small thrust command value. It's something to reduce.
- FIG. 8 (a) to 8 (c) are sections in which a large thrust command value is required when the mover 21 is accelerated.
- FIG. 8 (a) 3 pieces of the armature A 1 and A 2 and A 3 facing the movable element 21 is energized. Then, the mover 1 moves to the right, and OFF the excitation of the armature A 1 come to the position of FIG. 8 (b), ON the excitation of the armature A 4. Up to this point, the process is the same as in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8C shows a moment when the acceleration changes to a constant speed (constant speed), and is a section in which the mover 21 becomes a constant speed and decreases until the thrust command value falls below the reference value for changing the number of excitations.
- FIG. 8D shows a section in which the mover 21 is moving at a constant speed (constant speed), and the thrust command value remains below the reference value for changing the number of excitations.
- OFF the excitation of the armature A 4 turning ON the excitation of the armature A 5. The number of excitations remains one.
- the reference value for changing the number of excitations may be determined in advance according to a mechanism system (not shown) in which the linear motor is arranged and the driving specification, or based on the mover speed or the mover position at the time of driving. You may decide at any time.
- the number-of-excitations change with respect to Example 2 was demonstrated as a 4th Example, it cannot be overemphasized that it is applicable similarly to Example 1.
- FIG. The number of excitations to be changed is changed within the range of the maximum excitation number P. Since the linear motor device configured as described above changes the number of excitations of the armature according to the magnitude of the thrust generated in the field, the linear motor device does not cause excessive power supply and thrust shortage Can provide.
- the present invention changes not only the precision device such as a semiconductor manufacturing device, a liquid crystal manufacturing device, and a machine tool, but also an elevator device and various conveyances by changing the size of the armature and the capacity of the current amplifier according to the stroke and the thrust. It can also be applied to applications such as devices.
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Abstract
Description
従来の第1~3のリニアモータ装置(特許文献1~3)の構成は、移動距離が数m程度に長くなるとリニアモータの固定子が長くなり、コイルとスイッチの数に大幅に増える。例えば、ストロークが5mのリニアモータの場合、コイルのピッチを50mmとしても固定子は5m以上となり、その結果、コイル数は100個以上になる。つまり、100個以上のスイッチを備え、さらに、コイルとスイッチをつなぐケーブルを100本以上持つことになる。このような構成では、リニアモータ装置全体の大形化が問題となり、さらに、スイッチとケーブルの増数によるコスト高が問題となった。
請求項1に記載の発明は、複数のコイルを有する多相の電機子および複数の永久磁石を有する界磁から構成し、複数個の前記電機子を前記界磁の移動方向に1列に配置するリニアモータと、前記電機子に対する前記界磁の相対位置を検出する位置検出器と、前記電機子と同数個の前記コイルに電流を供給する電流アンプと、前記界磁を前記電機子に対して相対的に移動させるために前記電流アンプに制御指令を与えると共に、前記界磁が励磁する前記電機子をまたがないように前記電流アンプ毎に励磁切替信号を出力する制御器と、を備え、前記制御指令および前記相対位置に基づいて前記電機子の励磁動作を順次行なうものである。
また、請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1記載の発明における前記リニアモータの前記界磁の長さと前記電機子1個当たりの長さとの関係が、前記制御器により励磁する前記電機子を前記界磁がまたがないように予め設定されたものである。
また、請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1記載の発明における前記リニアモータが、前記電機子1個当たりの移動方向長をLa、前記界磁の移動方向長をLm、前記電機子の最大励磁数をPとした場合、
(P+1)×La ≦ Lm < (P+2)×La
となるものである。
また、請求項4に記載の発明は、請求項1記載の発明における前記制御器が、励磁開始過程における前記電機子に与える推力を、前記相対位置に応じて0から所定の推力値まで滑らかに変化させ、かつ、励磁終了過程における前記電機子に与える推力を、前記相対位置に応じて所定の推力値からゼロまで滑らかに変化させるものである。
また、請求項5に記載の発明は、請求項1記載の発明における前記制御器が、励磁開始過程または励磁終了過程における前記電機子相互間の推力指令値の総和を、常に一定となるようにするものである。
また、請求項6に記載の発明は、請求項1記載の発明における前記制御器が、前記電機子の励磁数を、前記界磁に発生させる推力の大きさに応じて変更するものである。
請求項7に記載の発明は、複数のコイルを有する多相の電機子および複数の永久磁石を有する界磁から構成し、複数個の前記電機子を前記界磁の移動方向に、所定の列ずらし量をもつ所定の並列数に配置するリニアモータと、前記電機子に対する前記界磁の相対位置を検出する位置検出器と、前記電機子と同数個の前記コイルに電流を供給する電流アンプと、前記界磁を前記電機子に対して相対的に移動させるために前記電流アンプに制御指令を与えると共に、前記界磁が励磁する前記電機子をまたがないように前記電流アンプ毎に励磁切替信号を出力する制御器と、を備え、前記制御指令および前記相対位置に基づいて前記電機子の励磁動作を順次行なうものである。
また、請求項8に記載の発明は、請求項7記載の発明における前記リニアモータの前記界磁の長さと前記電機子1個当たりの長さとの関係が、前記制御器により励磁する前記電機子を前記界磁がまたがないように予め設定されたものである。
また、請求項9に記載の発明は、請求項7記載の発明における前記リニアモータが、前記電機子の並列数をQ、前記電機子1個当たりの移動方向長をLa、前記界磁の移動方向長をLm、前記電機子の最大励磁数をPとした場合、
(P+Q)×La/Q ≦ Lm < (P+Q+1)×La/Q
となるものであるとともに、前記電機子の各列のずらし量ΔLが、
ΔL = La/Q
であるものである。
また、請求項10に記載の発明は、請求項7記載の発明における前記制御器が、励磁開始過程における前記電機子に与える推力を、前記相対位置に応じて0から所定の推力値まで滑らかに変化させ、かつ、励磁終了過程における前記電機子に与える推力を、前記相対位置に応じて所定の推力値からゼロまで滑らかに変化させるものである。
また、請求項11に記載の発明は、請求項7記載の発明における前記制御器が、励磁開始過程または励磁終了過程における前記電機子相互間の推力指令値の総和を、常に一定となるようにするものである。
また、請求項12に記載の発明は、請求項7記載の発明における前記制御器が、前記電機子の励磁数を、前記界磁に発生させる推力の大きさに応じて変更するものである。
また、請求項7乃至9のいずれか1つに記載の発明によると、励磁されている電機子を界磁がまたぐことがないように電機子と界磁の長さを設定しているので、請求項1と同様の効果を得ることができる。さらに、電機子をQ列並行させ、各列をずらして配置させているので、請求項1に比べると、電機子長Laが同じであっても界磁長Lmを小さくできる。つまり、リニアモータ装置を小形化できる。
また、請求項4、5、10、11に記載の発明によると、励磁開始の電機子に与える推力指令を0から所定の推力指令値まで相対位置に応じて滑らかに変化させ、励磁終了の前記電機子に与える推力指令を所定の推力指令値からゼロまで相対位置に応じて滑らかに変化させているので、推力指令の急激な変化がなく、励磁切替え時にショックのないリニアモータ装置を提供できる。
さらに、請求項6、12に記載の発明によると、界磁に発生させる推力の大きさに応じて電機子の励磁数を変えているので、余分な電力供給と推力不足を起こすことのないリニアモータ装置を提供できる。
2 永久磁石
10、20 固定子
11 コイル
14 位置検出器
15 制御器
A1~An 電機子
B1~Bn 電流アンプ
(P+1)×La ≦ Lm < (P+2)×La
となるように構成されている。実施例1では、最大励磁数P=2としているので、
3×La ≦ Lm < 4×La
である。この関係式を満たすように、可動子1の移動方向長Lmは、
Lm = 3.5×La
に設定している。また、コイル11の3個分の長さと永久磁石2の4個(4極)分の長さが一致するように、コイル11と永久磁石2の長さを設定しており、電機子A1~Anは、それぞれコイル11が6個で構成されているため、電機子の移動方向長Laあたりの永久磁石2の個数は8個となる。よって、可動子1の永久磁石2は、全部で28個(=3.5×8個)となっている。
図3は、本発明の第1実施例を示すリニアモータ装置の励磁動作を示す図であって、図3(a)~(c)は、図1において可動子1を順に左から右へ移動させた場合の電機子A1~A4の励磁動作を示したものである。また、図3(d)は、電機子A1~A4の切替えシーケンスを示す図である。なお、可動子1内の斜数字は、界磁磁極を形成する永久磁石2の数を表している。
ここで、図3(a)~(d)を見れば、励磁が切替えられるとき((b)と(c)の状態)において励磁ON/OFFされる電機子は必ず可動子1の内側に入っており、励磁されている電機子を界磁がまたがずに励磁のON/OFFを切替えられていることが分かる。
図4は、第2の実施例を示すリニアモータ装置の全体構成図である。図において、20は固定子、21は可動子である。また、図5は、第2の実施例を示すリニアモータ装置の固定子20と可動子21の構成図である。また、図5(a)は固定子20に対する可動子21の相対位置関係を示す図であり、図5(b)は電機子A1~Anと電流アンプB1~Bnとの接続を示す図である。なお、図1乃至3と同一の符号を付している構成は、同様の作用効果をもつものであるため説明を省略する。第2実施例が、第1の実施例と異なる点は、固定子20の構成とそれに伴う可動子21の界磁移動方向の長さである。
(P+Q)×La/Q ≦ Lm < (P+Q+1)×La/Q
となるように構成されている。さらに、電機子A1~Anの各列のずらし量ΔLを
ΔL = La/Q
として構成されている。実施例2では、列数Q=2、最大励磁数P=3としているので、
2.5×La ≦ Lm < 3×La
である。この関係式を満たすように、可動子21の移動方向長Lmは、
Lm = 2.75×La
に設定している。また、各列のずらし量ΔLは、
ΔL = La/2
となっている。
図6は、本発明の第2実施例を示すリニアモータ装置の励磁動作を示す図であって、図6(a)~(c)は、図4において可動子21を順に左から右へ移動させた場合の電機子A1~A5の励磁動作を示したものである。また、図6(d)は、電機子A1~A4の切替えシーケンスを示す図である。なお、図1乃至5と同一の符号を付している構成は、同様の作用効果をもつものであるため説明を省略する。
ここで、実施例1と同様に、図6(a)~(d)を見れば、励磁が切替えられるとき((b)と(c)の状態)において励磁ON/OFFされる電機子は必ず可動子1の内側に入っており、励磁されている電機子を界磁がまたがずに励磁のON/OFFを切替えられていることが分かる。
図7は、第3の実施例を示すリニアモータ装置の励磁動作および推力指令を示す図であって、図7(a)~(d)は、実施例1と同じ励磁動作を表したもの(図3(a)~(d)に相当)であり、図7(e)は、図1または図4における制御器15内の電機子A1~A4への推力指令を表したものである。ここでは、励磁開始過程および励磁終了過程において、可動子1に発生させる推力を常に一定とする等加速度状態の推力指令として表している。なお、図1乃至6と同一の符号を付している構成は、同様の作用効果をもつものであるため説明を省略する。実施例3が実施例1や実施例2と異なる点は、励磁開始過程における電機子に与える推力を、0から所定の推力値まで相対位置に応じて滑らかに変化させ、かつ、励磁終了過程における電機子に与える推力を、所定の推力値からゼロまで相対位置に応じて滑らかに変化させている点である。
ここで、推力指令を滑らかに変化させる量(傾き)は適宜決定すればよいが、可動子1に発生させる推力を常に一定とするために、図1または図4における制御器15が、各電機子相互間の推力指令値の総和が、常に一定となるようにするものである。
なお、第3の実施例として実施例1に対する推力指令を滑らかに変化させることについて説明したが、実施例2に対しても同様に適用できることは言うまでもない。
以上のように構成されたリニアモータ装置は、推力指令の急激な変化がなく、励磁切替え時にショックがなく、推力リプルを抑制できるリニアモータ装置を提供できる。
図8は、第4の実施例を示すリニアモータ装置の励磁動作を示す図であって、図8(a)~(d)は、図4において可動子21を順に左から右へ移動させた場合の電機子A1~A5の励磁動作を示したものである。また、図8(e)は、電機子A1~A4の切替えシーケンスを示す図である。なお、図1乃至7と同一の符号を付している構成は、同様の作用効果をもつものであるため説明を省略する。実施例4が実施例1~3と異なる点は、可動子に発生させる推力の大きさに応じて、電機子の励磁数を変えている点である。すなわち、大きな推力指令値が必要とされる可動子21の加減速区間では電機子の励磁数を多くし、比較的小さな推力指令値でよい可動子21の一定速区間では電機子の励磁数を少なくするものである。
なお、第4の実施例として実施例2に対する励磁数変更について説明したが、実施例1に対しても同様に適用できることは言うまでもない。また、変更する励磁数は、最大励磁数Pの範囲内で変えるものである。
以上のように構成されたリニアモータ装置は、界磁に発生させる推力の大きさに応じて電機子の励磁数を変えているので、余分な電力供給と推力不足を起こすことのないリニアモータ装置を提供できる。
Claims (12)
- 複数のコイルを有する多相の電機子および複数の永久磁石を有する界磁から構成し、複数個の前記電機子を前記界磁の移動方向に1列に配置するリニアモータと、
前記電機子に対する前記界磁の相対位置を検出する位置検出器と、
前記電機子と同数個の前記コイルに電流を供給する電流アンプと、
前記界磁を前記電機子に対して相対的に移動させるために前記電流アンプに制御指令を与えると共に、前記界磁が励磁する前記電機子をまたがないように前記電流アンプ毎に励磁切替信号を出力する制御器と、を備え、
前記制御指令および前記相対位置に基づいて前記電機子の励磁動作を順次行なうことを特徴としたリニアモータ装置。 - 前記リニアモータの前記界磁の長さと前記電機子1個当たりの長さとの関係が、前記制御器により励磁する前記電機子を前記界磁がまたがないように予め設定されたものであることを特徴とした請求項1記載のリニアモータ装置。
- 前記リニアモータが、前記電機子1個当たりの移動方向長をLa、前記界磁の移動方向長をLm、前記電機子の最大励磁数をPとした場合、
(P+1)×La ≦ Lm < (P+2)×La
となるものであることを特徴とした請求項1記載のリニアモータ装置。 - 前記制御器が、励磁開始過程における前記電機子に与える推力を、前記相対位置に応じて0から所定の推力値まで滑らかに変化させ、かつ、励磁終了過程における前記電機子に与える推力を、前記相対位置に応じて所定の推力値からゼロまで滑らかに変化させることを特徴とした請求項1記載のリニアモータ装置。
- 前記制御器が、励磁開始過程または励磁終了過程における前記電機子相互間の推力指令値の総和を、常に一定となるようにすることを特徴とした請求項1記載のリニアモータ装置。
- 前記制御器が、前記電機子の励磁数を、前記界磁に発生させる推力の大きさに応じて変更することを特徴とした請求項1記載のリニアモータ装置。
- 複数のコイルを有する多相の電機子および複数の永久磁石を有する界磁から構成し、複数個の前記電機子を前記界磁の移動方向に、所定の列ずらし量をもつ所定の並列数に配置するリニアモータと、
前記電機子に対する前記界磁の相対位置を検出する位置検出器と、
前記電機子と同数個の前記コイルに電流を供給する電流アンプと、
前記界磁を前記電機子に対して相対的に移動させるために前記電流アンプに制御指令を与えると共に、前記界磁が励磁する前記電機子をまたがないように前記電流アンプ毎に励磁切替信号を出力する制御器と、を備え、
前記制御指令および前記相対位置に基づいて前記電機子の励磁動作を順次行なうことを特徴としたリニアモータ装置。 - 前記リニアモータの前記界磁の長さと前記電機子1個当たりの長さとの関係が、前記制御器により励磁する前記電機子を前記界磁がまたがないように予め設定されたものであることを特徴とした請求項7記載のリニアモータ装置。
- 前記リニアモータが、前記電機子の並列数をQ、前記電機子1個当たりの移動方向長をLa、前記界磁の移動方向長をLm、前記電機子の最大励磁数をPとした場合、
(P+Q)×La/Q ≦ Lm < (P+Q+1)×La/Q
となるものであるとともに、
前記電機子の各列のずらし量ΔLが、
ΔL = La/Q
であることを特徴とした請求項7記載のリニアモータ装置。 - 前記制御器が、励磁開始過程における前記電機子に与える推力を、前記相対位置に応じて0から所定の推力値まで滑らかに変化させ、かつ、励磁終了過程における前記電機子に与える推力を、前記相対位置に応じて所定の推力値からゼロまで滑らかに変化させることを特徴とした請求項7記載のリニアモータ装置。
- 前記制御器が、励磁開始過程または励磁終了過程における前記電機子相互間の推力指令値の総和を、常に一定となるようにすることを特徴とした請求項7記載のリニアモータ装置。
- 前記制御器が、前記電機子の励磁数を、前記界磁に発生させる推力の大きさに応じて変更することを特徴とした請求項7記載のリニアモータ装置。
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2009
- 2009-03-12 CN CN2009801092031A patent/CN101971483B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-03-12 WO PCT/JP2009/054770 patent/WO2010021168A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-03-12 JP JP2010525619A patent/JP4811798B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-01-10 US US12/987,958 patent/US8384317B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110101896A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
JPWO2010021168A1 (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
CN101971483A (zh) | 2011-02-09 |
US8384317B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 |
JP4811798B2 (ja) | 2011-11-09 |
CN101971483B (zh) | 2013-06-12 |
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