Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D235/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings
  • C07D235/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D235/04—Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles
  • C07D235/06—Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached in position 2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D409/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
  • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
  • A61K31/4184—1,3-Diazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. benzimidazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/06—Antimigraine agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/24—Antidepressants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D235/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings
  • C07D235/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D235/04—Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles
  • C07D235/18—Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles with aryl radicals directly attached in position 2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D409/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a compound for inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) activity, a method for the preparation thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound as an active ingredient.
• GSK3 glycogen synthase kinase-3
• Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is a proline-directed serine-threonine kinase that was initially identified as a protein which inactivates glycogen synthase through phosphorylation. Two isoforms have been identified, alpha (GSK3 alpha) and beta (GSK3beta), which show a high degree of amino acid homology to each other. Previous studies have reported that the GSK3beta is involved in energy metabolism, neural cell development, and body pattern formation (Plyte SE, et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1114:147-162, 1992).
• Neurodegenerative naturopathies including Alzheimer disease, are characterized by abnormal hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau at proline-directed serine/threonine phosphorylation sites (Lee VM, et al., Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24: 1121-1159, 2001.).
• GSK3beta has been identified as a prime candidate mediating aberrant tau phosphorylation at disease-associated sites (Hanger DP, et al., Neurosci. Lett. 147: 58-62, 1992., Ishiguro K, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 267: 10897-10901, 1992., Mandelkow EM, et al., FEBS Lett.
• GSK3beta is a promising target for therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative tauopathies including Alzheimer disease.
• Lithium carbonate, lithium citrate and lithium chloride are commonly used for the treatment of various disorders like mania, depression and migraine, and also used as an "augmenting" agent to increase the benefits of other standard drugs used for unipolar depression.
• Lithium is a GSK3beta inhibitor, and therefore, GSK3beta inhibition is a promising target for the treatment of various such disorders.
• GSK3 inhibitors are available for treatment of type 2 diabetes by reducing the activity of glucose synthase.
• GSK3beta inhibitors can be used for a broad spectrum of diseases such as Alzheimer disease, mania, depression, migraine and type 2 diabetes and there is a strong need to develop such inhibitors for the treatment and/or prevention of GSK3beta dependent diseases.
• benzoimidazole derivatives can selectively inhibit the activity of GSK3beta and are therefore useful for treatment and/or prevention of GSK3beta dependent diseases.
• ring A is (II), (III), (IV) (V), or (VI)
• X is halogen or hydroxyl
• Y is hydrogen, phenyl, thiophen-2-yl, furan-2-yl, cyclopropyl, or cyclopentyl;
• Z is a 5-10 membered heterocycle substituted carbonylamino; and Ring A is substituted by -L'-(CH 2 ) a -L 2 -M at position *;
• L 1 is -CONH-, -NHCO-, or a single bond;
• M is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, carboxyl, amide, Ci-C 6 alkyl, Ci-C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 6 -Ci 4 aryl, C 6 -Ci 4 aryl Ci-C 6 alkyl, C 6 -Ci 4 arylcarbonyl, C 6 -Ci 4 arylsulfonyl, 5-14 membered saturated, unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group, 5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted Ci-C 6 alkyl, 5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted sulfonyl or -NR R ; wherein R 2 and R 3 are independently Cj-C 6 alkyl; the CpC 6 alkyl, CpC 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 6 -C 14 aryl, C 6 -Ci 4 aryl Ci-C 6 alkyl, C 6 -Cj 4 arylcarbonyl, C 6 -
• alkyl refers to a straight chain or a branched chain hydrocarbon group which does not contain any hetero atoms or unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds.
• Ci-C 6 alkyl refers to an alkyl group which has 1-6 carbon atoms.
• Ci-C 4 alkyl refers to an alkyl group which has 1-4 carbon atoms.
• Ci-C 6 alkyl examples include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, 1 -propyl, 2-propyl, 2 -methyl- 1 -propyl, 2-methyl-2-propyl, 1 -butyl, 2-butyl, 1-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methyl-l -butyl, 3 -methyl- 1 -butyl, 2-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl-2-butyl, 2,2-dimethyl-l -propyl, 1-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 2 -methyl- 1-pentyl, 3 -methyl- 1-pentyl, 4-methyl- 1-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-pentyl, 3-methyl-2-pentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 2-methy-3-pentyl, 3-methyl-3-pentyl, 2,3 -dimethyl- 1 -butyl, 3, 3
• alkoxy refers to a group represented by -OR, wherein R is alkyl.
• Ci-C 6 alkoxy refers to an alkoxy group which has 1-6 carbon atoms.
• Cj-C 4 alkoxy refers to an alkoxy group which has 1-4 carbon atoms.
• Examples OfCi-C 6 alkoxy include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, 1-propyloxy, 2-propyloxy, 2 -methyl- 1-propyloxy, 2-methyl-2-propyloxy, and 1-butyloxy, and 2- butyloxy.
• Ci-C 6 alkylcarbonyl refers to a carbonyl group bound to the Ci-C 6 alkyl.
• C]-C 4 alkylcarbonyl refers to a carbonyl group bound to theCj-C 4 alkyl.
• Examples of “CpC 6 alkylcarbonyl” include, but are not limited to, methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl, 1-propylcarbonyl, 2-propylcarbonyl, n-butylcarbonyl, s-butylcarbonyl, t-butylcarbonyl, and 2-ethylbutylcarbyl.
• amino refers to a group represented by -NH 2 in which the hydrogens are optionally replaced by a substituent.
• Cj-C 6 alkyl carbonylamino refers to an amino group bound to the
• Ci-C 6 alkylcarbonyl Ci-C 6 alkylcarbonyl.
• Cj-C 4 alkylcarbonylamino refers to an amino group bound to the CpC 4 alkylcarbonyl.
• C 1 -C 6 alkylcarbonylamino examples include, but are not limited to, methylcarbonylamino, ethylcarbonylamino, 1 -propylcarbonylamino, 2-propylcarbonylamino, n-butylcarbonylamino, s-butylcarbonylamino, t-butylcarbonylamino, and 2-ethylbutylcarbonylamino.
• sulfonyl is a group represented by -SO 2 -.
• CpC 6 alkylsulfonyl refers to a sulfonyl group bound to the CpC 6 alkyl.
• CpC 4 alkylsulfonyl refers to a sulfonyl group bound to the Cj-C 4 alkyl.
• CpC 6 alkylsulfonyl examples include, but are not limited to, methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, 1-propylsulfonyl, 2-propylsulfonyl, n-butylsulfonyl, s-butylsulfonyl, t-butylsulfonyl, and 2-ethylbutylsulfonyl.
• CpC 6 alkylsulfonylamino refers to an amino group bound to the"CpC 6 alkylsulfonyl.
• CpC 4 alkylsulfonylamino refers to an amino group bound to the"CpC 4 alkylsulfonyl.
• Cj-C 6 alkylsulfonylamino examples include, but are not limited to, methylsulfonylamino, ethylsulfonylamino, 1 -propylsulfonylamino, 2-propylsulfonylamino, n-butylsulfonylamino, s-butylsulfonylamino, t-butylsulfonylamino, and 2-ethylbutylsulfonylamino. Page: 4/97
• aryl refers to an aromatic carbon ring system.
• C 6 -Cj 4 aryl refers to a 6-14 membered aryl ring.
• C 6 -Ci 0 aryl refers to a 6-10 membered aryl ring.
• C 6 -Ci 4 aryl examples include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, and anthryl.
• C 6 -Ci 4 aryl Cj-C 6 alkyl refers to the"Cj-C 6 alkyl" in which a hydrogen atom is substituted by the"C 6 -Cj 4 aryl.
• C 6 -Cj 0 arylC r C 4 alkyl refers to the"Cj-C 4 alkyl” in which a hydrogen atom is substituted by the"C 6 -Cjo aryl".
• C 6 -Cj 4 arylCj-C 6 alkyl examples include, but are not limited to, benzyl, phenethyl, and anthrylmethyl.
• C 6 -Cj 4 arylcarbonyl refers to a carbonyl group bound to the"C 6 -Cj 4 aryl.
• C 6 -Ci 0 arylcarbonyl refers to a carbonyl group bound to the"C 6 -C] 0 aryl.
• C 6 -Cj 4 arylcarbonyl examples include, but are not limited to, phenylcarbonyl, naphthylcarbonyl, and anthrylcarbonyl.
• C 6 -Cj 4 arylsulfonyl refers to a sulfonyl group bound to the"C 6 -Cj 4 aryl.
• C 6 -CjO arylsulfonyl refers to a sulfonyl group bound to the"C 6 -Cj 0 aryl.
• Examples of “C 6 -Ci 4 arylsulfonyl” include, but are not limited to, phenylsulfonyl, naphthylsulfonyl, and anthrylsulfonyl.
• an unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group refers to an unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having one or more hetero atom in the ring system.
• “5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group” refers to an unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group in which the ring consists of 5- 14 atoms.
• “5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group” refers to a unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group in which the ring consists of 5-10 atoms.
• Examples of "5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group” include, but are not limited to, imidazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl and indolyl.
• 5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted Cj-C 6 alkyl refers to the "Cj-C 6 alkyl” in which a hydrogen atom is substituted by the"5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group.
• 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted Cj-C 4 alkyl refers to the "Cj-C 4 alkyl” in which a hydrogen atom is substituted by the"5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group”.
• Examples of “5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted Cj-C 6 alkyl” include, but are not limited to, imidazolylmethyl, pyrrolylmethyl, pyridylmethyl, thienylmethyl, furylmethyl, thiazolylmethyl, pyrazolylmethyl, pyrazolinylmethyl, oxazolylmethyl, isoxazolylmethyl, and indolylmethyl.
• “5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted sulfonyl” refers to a sulfonyl group bound to the 5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group”.
• 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted sulfonyl refers to a sulfonyl group bound to "5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group”.
• Examples of "5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted sulfonyl” include, but are not limited to, imidazolylsulfonyl, pyrrolylsulfonyl, pyridylsulfonyl, thienylsulfonyl, furylsulfonyl, thiazolylsulfonyl, pyrazolylsulfonyl, pyrazolinylsulfonyl, oxazolylsulfonyl, isoxazolylsulfonyl, and indolylsulfonyl. Page: 5/97
• 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted carbonylamino refers to an amino group bound to a carbonyl group bound to the "5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group”.
• Examples of "5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted carbonylamino” include, but are not limited to, imidazolylcarbonylamino, pyrrolylcarbonylamino, pyridylcarbonylamino, thienylcarbonylamino, furylcarbonylamino, thiazolylcarbonylamino, pyrazolylcarbonylamino, pyrazolinylcarbonylamino, oxazolylcarbonylamino, isoxazolylcarbonylamino, and indolylcarbonylamino.
• a saturated heterocyclic group refers to a saturated heterocyclic group having one or more hetero atom in the ring system.
• “5-14 membered saturated heterocyclic group” refers to a saturated heterocyclic group in which the ring consists of 5-14 atoms.
• “5-10 membered saturated heterocyclic group” refers to a saturated heterocyclic group in which the ring consists of 5-10 atoms.
• Examples of “5-14 membered saturated heterocyclic group” include, but are not limited to, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl and thiomorpholinyl.
• a salt is defined as the product formed from the neutralisation reaction of acids and bases. Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the product is electrically neutral. These component ions can be inorganic as well as organic.
• Hydrate is a term used in inorganic chemistry and organic chemistry to indicate that a substance contains water.
• Solvate refers to a molecule in a solution complexed by solvent molecules.
• Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae. More specifically, isomer includes geometric isomer, optical isomer, stereoisomer, tautomer of the compound, and mixtures thereof.
• the present invention provides a compound represented by formula (I):
• X is halogen or hydroxyl
• Y is phenyl, thiophen-2-yl, furan-2-yl, cyclopropyl, or cyclopentyl; Ring (II) is substituted by -L 1 -(CH 2 ) a -L 2 -M at position *; L 1 is -CONH- or -NHCO-; Page: 6/97
• L 2 is selected from the group consisting of -NH-, -O-, -CH(COOR 1 )-, -CH(CH 2 OH)-, and a single bond, wherein R ! is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
• M is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, carboxyl, amide, Ci-C 6 alkyl, Ci-C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 6 -Cj 4 aryl, C 6 -Ci 4 aryl C]-C 6 alkyl, C 6 -Ci 4 arylcarbonyl, C 6 -Ci 4 arylsulfonyl, 5-14 membered saturated, unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group, 5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted C]-C 6 alkyl, 5-14 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group substituted sulfonyl or -NR 2 R 3 ; wherein R 2 and R 3 are independently Ci-C 6 alkyl; the Ci-C 6 alkyl, Ci-C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 6 -C] 4 aryl, C 6 -C] 4 aryl Ci-C 6 alkyl, C 6 -Ci 4 arylcarbonyl,
• the present invention provides compounds represented by following formula (I-II) or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof:
• L 1 is -CONH-;
• L 2 is a single bond;
• M is C 6 -Ci O aryl or 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1-2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, which are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected from the group A; and
• X, Y, and a are defined as in above embodiment represented by formula (I).
• M is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, imidazole- 1-yl, imdazole-2-yl, imidazole- 5 -yl, thiophen-2-yl, pyrole-2-yl, l,3-thiazole-2-yl, 2-pyrazoline-4-yl, and isoxazole-4-yl, which are optionally substituted by 1-2 substituent(s) each independently selected from following group B, and Y is selected from the group consisting of thiophen-2-yl, furan-2-yl, phenyl, cyclopropyl, and cyclopentyl.
• Group B consists of fluoro, hydroxyl, oxo, amino, methyl, methoxy, and sulfamoyl.
• Preferred compounds include those selected from the group consisting of: Example Nos. 8, 9, 10, 20, 21, 22, 23, 35, 37, 44, 45, 57, 62, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 84, 85, 86, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 101 and 102 listed in Table 1 below; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compounds. Page: 7/97
• the present invention provides a compound represented by following formula (I- II) or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof : Page: 1 1/97
• L 2 is -NH-;
• M is Ci-C4 alkyl, Cj-C 4 alkylcarbonyl, C 6 -Ci 0 arylcarbonyl, C 6 -Ci 0 arylsulfonyl, 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 -2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S or sulfonyl substituted by 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1-2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, which are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected form the group A; and
• X, Y, and a are defined as in the above embodiment represented by formula (I).
• M is selected from the group consisting of ethyl, isopropyl, methylcarbonyl, pyridine-2-yl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylsulfonyl, and 4-pyridilsulfonyl, which are optionally substituted by 1 -2 substituent(s) each independently selected from following group C, and Y is selected from the group consisting of thiophen-2-yl and furan-2-yl.
• Group C consists of chloro, hydroxyl, methyl, methylcarbonylamino, methylsulfonylamino, and p-toluenesulfonylamino.
• the present invention provides the compound selected from the group consisting of: Example Nos. 11, 12, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 69, 70 and 89 listed in Table 2 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compounds.
• the present invention provides a compound represented by following formula (I-II) or a salt thereof:
• L 1 is -CONH-
• L 2 is -CH(COOR 1 )-, wherein R 1 is hydrogen or Ci-C 4 alkyl;
• M is C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl Ci-C 4 alkyl or Ci-C 4 alkyl substituted by 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 -2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S , which are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected from the group A; and
• X, Y, and a are defined as in the above embodiment represented by formula (I).
• M is selected from the group consisting of methyl, phenylmethyl, indole-3-ylmethyl, and imidazole-4-ylmethyl, which are optionally substituted by 1-2 hydroxyl
• Y is thiophen-2-yl.
• the present invention provides the compound selected from the group consisting of: Example Nos. 13, 14, 15, 16, 71 and 72 listed in Table 3 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compounds.
• the present invention provides a compound represented by following formula (I- II) or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof:
• L 2 is - 0-
• M is C 6 -C] 0 aryl or 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1-2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, which are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected from the group A;
• X, Y, and a are defined in the above embodiment represented by formula (I).
• M is phenyl or pyridine-2-yl, which is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected from following group D, and Y preferably consists of thiophen-2-yl.
• Group D consists of amide, nitro, trifluoromethyl, and p-toluenesulfonylamino. Page: 15/97
• the present invention provides the compound selected from the group consisting of: Example Nos. 49, 50, 73 and 74 listed in Table 4 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compounds.
• the present invention provides the compounds represented by following formula (I-II) or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof:
• L 1 is -CONH-
• L 2 is - CH(CH 2 OH)-; Page: 16/97
• M is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, Ci-C 4 alkyl, C 6 -Ci 0 aryl Ci-C 4 alkyl, and Cj-C 4 alkyl substituted by 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1-2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, the C]-C 4 alkyl, C 6 -Ci 0 aryl Ci-C 4 alkyl, and 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1-2 hetero atom(s) are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected from the group A; and
• X, Y, and a are defined as in the above embodiment represented by formula (I).
• M is preferably hydroxyl, phenylmethyl, t-butyl, or imidazole-5-ylmethyl
• Y is selected from the group consisting of thiophen-2-y and cyclopropyl.
• the present invention provides the compound selected from the group consisting of: Example Nos. 17, 18, 19 and 97 listed in Table 5 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compounds.
• the present invention provides a compound represented by following formula (I-II) or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof : Page: 17/97
• Y is selected from the group consisting of thiophen-2-yl and cyclopropyl.
• the present invention provides the compound selected from the group consisting of: Example Nos. 36 and 98 listed in Table 6 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compounds.
• the present invention provides a compound represented by following formula (I-II) or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof:
• L 1 is -NHCO-
• M is C 6 -Ci O aryl or 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1-2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, which are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected from the group A; and
• X, Y, and a are defined as in the above embodiment represented by formula (I).
• M is preferably phenyl optionally having 1 or 2 hydroxyl, or imidazol-5-yl and Y is cyclopropyl or thiophen-2-yl.
• the present invention provides the compound selected from the group consisting of: Example Nos. 107, 108, 120 and 121 listed in Table 7 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compounds.
• L is -CONH- or a single bond
• L 2 is a single bond
• M is amide or 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 or 2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected from the group A; and
• X, Y, and a are defined in the above embodiment represented by formula (I).
• Y is thiophen-2-yl.
• the present invention provides the compound selected from the group consisting of: Example Nos. 65 and 66 listed in Table 8 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compounds.
• the present invention provides a compound represented by following formula (I-IV) or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof :
• L 1 is -CONH-;
• L 2 is a single bond;
• M is 5-10 membered unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 or 2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected from the group A; and
• X, Y, and a are defined as in the embodiment represented by formula (I).
• Y is hydrogen.
• the present invention provides the compound of Example No. 110 listed in Table 9 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compound. Page: 20/97
• the present invention provides compounds represented by following formula (I- V), (I- VI) or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof :
• L 1 is -CONH-;
• L 2 is a single bond;
• M is 5-10 membered saturated, unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 or 2 hetero atom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituent(s) each independently selected from the group A; and
• X, Z, and a are defined as in the above embodiment represented by formula (I).
• Z is preferably thiophen-2-ylcarbonylamino.
• the present invention provides the compound of Example Nos. 112 and 122 listed in Table 10 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compound.
• the present invention provides a compound represented by formula (I- VI) or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof:
• Ring A is represented by the formula below;
• M is carboxyl
• X, Y, Z and a are defined as in the above embodiment represented by formula (I).
• ring A is preferably the formula (II).
• the present invention provides the compound of: Example No. 1 listed in Table 11 below, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, hydrates and solvates of the forgoing compounds.
• the compound of formula (I) of the present invention may be in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt derived from an inorganic or organic acid
• representative examples of the pharmaceutically acceptable salt derived from an inorganic or organic acid include salts obtained by adding an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid or sulfonic acid, or organic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, Page: 22/97 mandelic acid, ascorbic acid or malic acid, methanesulfonic acid, or para toluenesulfonic acid, which do not limit its scope, to the compound of formula (I).
• Such acids may be prepared by the conventional processes, and other acids, which themselves are not pharmaceutically acceptable, including oxalic acid may be employed in the preparation of the bases.
• the compound of formula (I) of the present invention may also be in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt derived from an inorganic or organic base include salts obtained by adding an inorganic or organic base.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable salt derived from an inorganic or organic base include salts obtained by adding an inorganic or organic base.
• alkalis including sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, or alkaline earth metal hydroxides including calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide may be used for the preparation of inorganic salt of the compound.
• organic bases including triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine may also be used for the preparation of organic salt of the compound.
• p-TSA is p-toluenesulfonic acid
• HATU is
• Aniline A is reacted with a nitrile in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid to afford amidine B.
• Amidine B is chlorinated with sodium hypochlorite and cyclized using sodium bicarbonate to form benzimidazole C.
• Intermediate C is saponified with sodium hydroxide to afford methoxy acid D.
• Compound D is treated with boron tribromide to afford hydroxy acid E.
• Hydroxy acid E is reacted with various amines using HATU to afford compounds of formula I-II.
• Compound D is also reacted with various amines in the presence of HATU to afford amides F.
• Amides F are treated with boron tribromide to afford compounds of formula (I-III).
• the preferred inventive compound of formula (I- V) can be prepared as shown in Scheme (III).
• Aniline A is coupled with a carboxylic acid derivative to give the corresponding amide I.
• the ester and ether are cleaved with boron tribromide and the resulting acid is coupled with an amine derivative to give compounds of formula (I- V).
• Acid D is treated with diphenylphosphoryl azide, triethyl amine and r-butanol to afford intermediate J.
• the boc-group is removed by treatment with hydrogen chloride to afford the amine K.
• Amine K is treated with the requisite acid in the presence of HATU to afford amide L.
• Compound L is reacted with boron tribromide to afford the phenol M.
• Compound M is treated with hydrogen in the presence of palladium to afford compound N (Scheme IV).
• Acid O is coupled with the requisite amine to afford amide P.
• Compound P is reduced under standard hydrogenation conditions to afford aniline Q.
• the aniline is reacted with the requisite Page: 25/97 acid chloride to afford intermediate R.
• a final deprotection using boron tribromide affords compound S.
• a salt, hydrate, solvate and isomer of the inventive compound of formula (I) may be prepared by employing any of the known methods.
• the inventive compound of formula (I), a salt, hydrate, solvate or isomer thereof may be used for the treatment of GSK3beta dependent diseases such as Alzheimer disease, mania, depression, migraine and type 2 diabetes, by way of inhibiting GSK3beta activity, the inventive compound having an IC 50 value (micro M), generally in the range of 0.0001 to 100, for example 0.001 to 50, preferably 0.001 to 10, more preferably 0.001 to 5.
• the present invention includes a pharmaceutical composition which includes a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of formula (I), a salt, hydrate, solvate or isomer thereof as an active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; therefore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention exerts superior preventive and treating effects on GSKbeta dependent diseases.
• a pharmaceutical formulation may be prepared in accordance with any of the conventional procedures.
• the active ingredient is preferably admixed or diluted with a carrier, or enclosed within a carrier, sachet or other container.
• the carrier serves as a diluent, it may be a solid, semi-solid or liquid material acting as a vehicle, excipient or medium for the active ingredient.
• the formulations may be in the form of a tablet, pill, powder, sachet, elixir, suspension, emulsion, solution, syrup, aerosol, soft and hard gelatin capsule, sterile injectable solution, sterile packaged powder and the like.
• Suitable carriers, excipients, and diluents are lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, calcium silicate, cellulose, methyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, water, and mineral oil.
• the formulations may additionally include fillers, antiemulsifiers, preservatives and the like.
• the compositions of the invention may be formulated so as to provide quick, sustained or delayed release of the active ingredient after their administration to a mammal by employing any of the procedures well known in the art.
• the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered via various routes including oral, transdermal, subcutaneous, intravenous and intramuscular introduction.
• the dosage and method of administration vary according to the body- weight and age of a patient and the administration method; however, one skilled in the art can routinely select a suitable method of administration. If the compound is encodable by a DNA, the DNA can be inserted into a vector for gene therapy and the vector administered to a patient to perform the therapy.
• the dosage and method of administration vary according to the body- weight, age, and symptoms of the patient; however, one skilled in the art can suitably select them.
• the dose of a compound of the present invention that regulates its activity depends on the symptoms, the dose is generally about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg per day, preferably about 1.0 mg to about 50 mg per day and more preferably about 1.0 mg to about 20 mg per day, when administered orally to a normal adult human (weight 60 kg).
• the dose is generally about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg per day, preferably about 1.0 mg to about 50 mg per day and more preferably about 1.0 mg to about 20 mg per day, when administered orally to a normal adult human (weight 60 kg).
• the appropriate dosage amount may be routinely calculated by converting to 60 kg of body-weight.
• p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (42 g, 110 mmol) was heated at 120 degrees and once the solid completely melted, it was placed under high vacuum for 1 h to remove the water. The vacuum was released, aniline (20 g, 55 mmol) and 2-thiophenecarbonitrile (24 g, 110 mmol) were added, and the reaction mixture was heated at 160 degrees for 4 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature followed by addition of satd. aq NaHCO 3 (250 mL) and ethyl acetate (250 mL).
• the combined organic layer was dried OVCr Na 2 SO 4 , concentrated, and purified by preparative HPLC (C 18 silica, 10-90% acetonitrile/water with 0.05% TFA).
• the desired product was obtained as the trifluoroacetic acid salt which was eluted through an ion-exchange column (using methanol and 7 N methanol in ammonia) to obtain the desired products.
• the desired product was treated with TFA (1-2 mL) for 1 h, concentrated and purified by preparative HPLC (Cl 8 silica, 10-90% acetonitrile/water with 0.05% TFA).
• the desired product was obtained as the trifluoroacetic acid salt which was eluted through an ion-exchange column (using methanol and 7 N methanol in ammonia) to obtain the desired products
• N-(2-(5-aminopyridin-2-ylamino)ethyl)-7-hydroxy-2-(thiophen-2-yl)-lH-benzo[d]imidazole-4- carboxamide hydrochloride (0.29 g, 0.68 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added DIPEA (0.44 g, 3.4 mmol) and methanesulfonyl chloride (0.085 g, 0.75 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at room temperature.
• reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h, quenched with satd. aq NaCl (50 mL), and extracted with ethyl acetate (2x50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with satd.
• NHTs means p-toluenesulfonamido.
• the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the crude residue was triturated in methanol and filtered.
• the filtrate was concentrated and purified by flash chromatography (silica, 0-20% methanol/dichloromethane) to afford crude product.
• the crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (C 18 silica, 10-90% acetonitrile/water with 0.05% TFA).
• Example 106 1 -(2-Cyclopropyl-7-methoxy- 1 H-benzo[d]imidazol-4-yl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)urea
• the resulting solids were filtered and dried to obtain the crude acid (1.0 g) as an off-white solid.
• the crude acid intermediate (0.5 g) was dissolved in DMF (5 mL) followed by the addition of HATU (0.84 g, 2.2 mmol), DIPEA (1.2 mL, 6.6 mmol), histamine (0.50 g, 4.5 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h.
• the reaction mixture was diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x30 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over Na 2 SO 4 , concentrated, and the residue was triturated with CH 2 Cl 2 (20 mL).
• the crude acid was dissolved in DMF (5 mL) followed by the addition of HATU (0.15 g, 0.46 mmol), DIPEA (0.20 mL, 1.1 mmol), and histamine (0.051 g, 0.46 mmol) and the reaction mixture was heated at 80 degrees for 18 h.
• the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with water (20 mL), and extracted with EtOAc (3x30 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over Na 2 SO 4 , concentrated, and the residue was purified by preparative HPLC (Cl 8 silica, 10-90% acetonitrile/water with 0.05% TFA).
• GSK3beta activity was measured in the presence or absence of compounds using Z'-LYTE kinase assay (Rodems SM, et al., Assay Drug Dev Technol. 1 : 9-19, 2002.) kit with SER/THR 9 peptide (Invitrogen) following the manufacturer's instruction.
• the Z'-LYTE kinase assay kit Page: 85/97 employs a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two fluorophores, coumarin and fluorescein, attached to each end of a substrate peptide.
• FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
• Test compounds were dissolved in DMSO at 12.5 mM and then serially diluted as the DMSO concentration in the assays to be 1%.
• the serially diluted compounds, 0.04 ng/mcl GSKbeta (Invitrogen) and 2 mcM SER/THR 9 peptide were reacted in a reaction buffer (50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 0.01% Brij-35, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EGTA, 15 mcM ATP).
• a reaction buffer 50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 0.01% Brij-35, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EGTA, 15 mcM ATP.
• ATP was omitted from the reaction mixture.
• SER/THR 9 phosphopeptide was used in place of the SER/THR 9 peptide.
• % phosphorylation 1 - (Co% - Cioo%) + [emission ratio x (Fioo% - Fo%)]
• coumarin emission signal (445nm) emission ratio fluorescein emission signal (520nm)
• Cioo% coumarin emission signal of the 100% phosphorylation control
• Co% coumarin emission signal of the 0% phosphorylation control
• Fioo% fluorescein emission signal of the 100% phosphorylation control
• Fo% fluorescein emission signal of the 0% phosphorylation control
• the present invention provides a novel benzoimidazole compound having GSK3beta inhibitory effect.
• the compounds of the present invention may be used for pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting GSK3-beta.
• Such pharmaceutical compositions are suitable for treating or preventing diseases involving GSK3beta.

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