WO2010013902A2 - 우수한 냉각 효율성의 중대형 전지팩 케이스 - Google Patents
우수한 냉각 효율성의 중대형 전지팩 케이스 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010013902A2 WO2010013902A2 PCT/KR2009/003781 KR2009003781W WO2010013902A2 WO 2010013902 A2 WO2010013902 A2 WO 2010013902A2 KR 2009003781 W KR2009003781 W KR 2009003781W WO 2010013902 A2 WO2010013902 A2 WO 2010013902A2
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- medium
- pack case
- battery pack
- coolant
- refrigerant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/651—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6566—Means within the gas flow to guide the flow around one or more cells, e.g. manifolds, baffles or other barriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a medium-large battery pack case having excellent cooling efficiency, and more particularly, to a medium-large battery pack case in which a battery module in which a plurality of chargeable and dischargeable battery cells or unit modules ('unit cells') are stacked is embedded.
- the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are located at the top and bottom of the pack case in opposite directions, and the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are respectively formed in the pack case, and the upper inner surface of the coolant inlet facing the upper end of the unit cell stack is And an inclined surface structure inclined at a positive angle (A) with respect to the top surface of the unit cell stack in the direction of the coolant inlet at the opposite end of the coolant inlet, and the coolant inlet is the angle (A) of the inclined surface.
- the inclination angle of the inclined surface is inclined at an angle B of a larger magnitude and when the inclination angle B of the refrigerant inlet is 20 to 80 degrees.
- Figure (A) relates to a medium to large battery pack case consisting of 3 to 8 degrees.
- the secondary battery is an electric vehicle (EV), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle that has been proposed as a solution for air pollution of existing gasoline and diesel vehicles using fossil fuel. It is attracting attention as a power source such as (Plug-In HEV).
- One or two or four battery cells are used for small mobile devices, whereas medium and large battery modules, which are electrically connected to a plurality of battery cells, are used in medium and large devices such as automobiles due to the necessity of high output capacity.
- the medium-large battery module is preferably manufactured in a small size and weight
- the rectangular battery, the pouch-type battery, etc. which can be charged with high integration and have a small weight to capacity, are mainly used as battery cells of the medium-large battery module.
- a pouch-type battery using an aluminum laminate sheet or the like as an exterior member has attracted much attention in recent years due to advantages such as low weight, low manufacturing cost, and easy form deformation.
- the medium-large battery module In order for the medium-large battery module to provide the output and capacity required by a given device or device, it is necessary to electrically connect a plurality of battery cells in series and maintain a stable structure against external force.
- the battery cells constituting the medium-large battery module is composed of a secondary battery capable of charging and discharging, such a high output large capacity secondary battery generates a large amount of heat during the charging and discharging process. If this is not effectively removed, thermal buildup occurs and consequently accelerates the deterioration of the unit cell, and in some cases there is a risk of fire or explosion. Therefore, a vehicle battery pack that is a high output large capacity battery requires a cooling system for cooling the battery cells embedded therein.
- the performance degradation of some battery cells will cause the performance degradation of the entire battery pack. Since one of the main causes of the performance non-uniformity is due to cooling non-uniformity between the battery cells, there is a need for a structure that can minimize the temperature variation during the flow of the refrigerant by optimizing the shape of the flow path.
- the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are located at the upper and lower portions of the pack case in opposite directions, and the upper and lower surfaces of the flow space from the refrigerant inlet to the battery module are formed in parallel.
- the flow rate tends to be introduced into the flow path between the battery cells near the coolant outlet, and the flow rate near the coolant inlet decreases a lot so that the temperature variation between the battery cells is high.
- Korean Patent Application Publication Nos. 2006-0037600, 2006-0037601, and 2006-0037627 disclose that the battery cells are formed as the air guide surface formed to be inclined with respect to the opposite surfaces of the battery cells moves away from the refrigerant inlet.
- the medium-large battery pack is installed to be inclined downward so as to be closer to.
- the air guide surface at a constant inclination in the range of 15 to 45 degrees with respect to the opposite surface of the battery cells and forming the refrigerant inlet in parallel, the phenomenon that the refrigerant is concentrated in the battery cell flow path near the refrigerant outlet is suppressed.
- the slope of the coolant inlet is the slope of the opposite end of the coolant inlet
- the inclination of the air guide surface is in the range of 15 to 45 degrees, the phenomenon that the refrigerant is concentrated in the battery cell flow path near the refrigerant outlet cannot be suppressed. This increased the temperature deviation between the battery cells confirmed that the desired cooling uniformity could not be secured.
- the present invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art as described above and the technical problems that have been requested from the past.
- the inventors of the present application after repeated experiments and in-depth studies on the medium-large battery pack case, when the inclination angle (B) of the refrigerant inlet is 20 to 80 degrees, the inclination angle (A) of the inclined surface of 3 to 8 degrees
- the inclination angle (B) of the refrigerant inlet is 20 to 80 degrees
- the inclination angle (A) of the inclined surface of 3 to 8 degrees
- the medium-large battery pack case according to the present invention is a medium-large battery pack case in which a battery module in which a plurality of chargeable and dischargeable battery cells or unit modules ('unit cells') are stacked is built, and a refrigerant for cooling unit cells.
- the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are located at the top and bottom of the pack case in opposite directions so that the flow can flow from one side of the battery module to the opposite side in a direction perpendicular to the cell stacking direction, and the flow space from the coolant inlet to the battery module ( 'Coolant inlet') and a flow space from the battery module to the coolant outlet ('coolant outlet') are respectively formed in the pack case, and the upper inner surface of the coolant inlet facing the upper end of the unit cell stack is the coolant inlet.
- the refrigerant inlet is inclined at an angle (B) of a size larger than the angle (A) of the inclined surface, the refrigerant
- the inclination angle B of the inlet is 20 to 80 degrees
- the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is configured to be 3 to 8 degrees.
- the upper inner surface of the coolant inlet part is inclined toward the coolant inlet port from the opposite end of the coolant inlet port at a positive angle A with respect to the top surface of the unit cell stack. It is formed in the inclined surface structure, and the refrigerant inlet is formed in a structure inclined at an angle (B) of a size larger than the angle (A) of the inclined surface, the position of the refrigerant inlet port according to the mounting conditions for the device Even when located above the position, it is possible to easily obtain the desired level of cooling efficiency.
- the coolant inlet is a predetermined inclination Since it is possible to minimize the non-uniformity of the refrigerant flowing in the flow path between the unit cells generated in the case, the deviation of heat generated during charging and discharging of the unit cells can be reduced to below the appropriate temperature, which, in turn, increases the life of the battery module It is possible to improve the operating performance of the unit cells.
- 'an inclined surface inclined at a positive angle (A)' means that the upper inner surface of the coolant inlet located at the coolant inlet is higher than the upper inner surface of the coolant inlet located at the opposite end of the coolant inlet.
- the portion where the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet is bent at the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is a distance corresponding to a length of 10 to 60% of the length of the pack case from the end of the pack case in which the coolant inlet is located. It can be located at The inflection portion of the inclination angle may be an angular structure or a gentle structure.
- the upper inner surface of the coolant inlet has two inclined surface structures, that is, the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet is 20 to 80 degrees, and the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is 3 to
- the uniformity of cooling is reduced by reducing the temperature variation of the refrigerant flowing between the unit cells, as compared with the case where the upper inner surface of the refrigerant inlet is parallel to the upper end of the unit cell stack or has a single sloped slope structure. It was confirmed that the sex was further improved.
- the specific cooling inlet upper end inner surface structure as described above can effectively exhibit the desired cooling uniformity.
- a medium-large battery pack case in which the angle of the refrigerant inlet is changed according to the internal structure of the vehicle and the battery module is built in various locations may be installed.
- the medium-large battery pack case of the present invention which can minimize the temperature deviation between the unit cells, can be easily applied.
- the battery module mounted in the medium-large battery pack case according to the present invention is manufactured by stacking a plurality of unit cells with high density, and stacking adjacent unit cells at regular intervals so as to remove heat generated during charging and discharging. do.
- the battery cells themselves are sequentially stacked while being spaced at a predetermined interval without a separate member, or in the case of battery cells having low mechanical rigidity, one or two or more combinations are embedded in a predetermined mounting member and the mounting members are mounted.
- By stacking a plurality of battery modules can be configured.
- the latter case is referred to as 'unit module' in the present invention.
- a coolant flow path is formed between the battery cells or between the unit modules so as to effectively remove heat accumulated between the stacked battery cells. Is done.
- the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are flow spaces through which coolant can be introduced and discharged to effectively cool the generation of heat due to charge and discharge of the battery cells, and are formed at upper and lower portions of the pack case in opposite directions. In some cases.
- the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet may be formed at the bottom and top of the pack case, respectively.
- the inclination angle A of the inclined surface may be 3 to 5 degrees. According to the experiments performed by the inventors of the present application, it was surprisingly found that when the inclination angle A of the inclined surface has the above range, the temperature deviation between the unit cells is further reduced.
- the inclination angle B of the refrigerant inlet may be formed to 20 to 50 degrees.
- the smaller the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet the more the coolant introduced into the coolant inlet may move to the flow path located at the opposite end of the coolant inlet.
- the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is 3 to 8 degrees, in the structure in which the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet is formed at 20 to 50 degrees, the temperature variation of the coolant is It was confirmed that the decrease.
- the width of the coolant inlet also affects the temperature variation between the unit cells.
- the width of the coolant inlet is formed in a size of 5 to 25% based on the length of the pack case corresponding to the length of the unit cell stack, the temperature variation of the coolant generated according to the mounting conditions of the device is more efficiently. It can be reduced to, it is more preferable to form in the size of 10 to 20%.
- the refrigerant inlet may have a general structure having a uniform width, but may have a structure having a varying width.
- a structure in which the width increases from the start end of the coolant inlet to the longitudinal end in the direction in which the coolant flows into the pack case, and from the start end of the coolant inlet Both the structures that decrease in width toward the end are possible.
- the width of the refrigerant inlet defined above means an average width.
- the overall shape of the refrigerant inlet may also vary, as well as a structure in which the refrigerant inlet is a straight shape, a curved shape is also possible.
- the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet defined above means the inclination angle of the longitudinal end of the coolant inlet as a reference in the direction in which the coolant flows into the pack case.
- Opposite ends of the refrigerant inlet may be formed to have a structure spaced apart from the top surface of the unit cell stack at a height of 10% or less based on the height of the unit cell stack. This structure appropriately limits the amount of refrigerant reaching the opposite end of the refrigerant inlet, thereby further improving the uniform distribution effect of the refrigerant to the unit cells.
- the opposite end of the refrigerant inlet may be a structure spaced apart from the top surface of the unit cell stack by about 1 to 10 mm.
- the battery pack case according to the present invention has a structure in which cooling efficiency is particularly a problem, that is, the length of the battery pack case corresponding to the stacking direction of the unit cells is formed to be relatively longer than the length corresponding to the width direction of the unit cell. It is more preferable in the structure.
- the coolant discharge part may be formed to have a uniform height with respect to the lower end of the unit cell stack. That is, the lower inner surface of the coolant discharge unit facing the lower end of the unit cell stack may have a structure having a uniform height with the lower end of the unit cell stack.
- some modifications may be made to increase the efficiency of refrigerant discharge.
- the coolant fan may be provided at the coolant inlet or the coolant outlet so that the coolant introduced from the coolant inlet may quickly and smoothly move to the coolant outlet and be discharged to the outside of the battery pack. May be additionally mounted.
- the refrigerant introduced through the narrow inlet sufficiently reaches the unit cell far from the inlet at a high flow rate, so that the flow rate of the refrigerant is relatively uniform under the same conditions. The distribution effect is exerted.
- the present invention also provides a medium-large battery pack having a structure in which a battery module is mounted on the medium-large battery pack case.
- battery module broadly refers to a structure of a battery system capable of providing high output and large capacity electricity by mechanically coupling two or more charge / discharge battery cells or unit modules and simultaneously electrically connecting them. Therefore, it includes both the case of configuring one device by itself, or part of a large device.
- a large battery module may be configured by connecting a plurality of small battery modules, or a plurality of unit modules may be connected by connecting a small number of battery cells.
- the structure of the unit module can be made in a variety of configurations, a preferred example will be described below.
- the unit module has a structure in which plate-shaped battery cells having electrode terminals formed at upper and lower ends thereof are connected to each other in series, and two or more battery cells having a stacked structure in which the connecting portions of the electrode terminals are bent, and the Excluding the electrode terminal portion may be configured to include a high-strength cell cover coupled to surround the outer surface of the battery cells.
- the plate-shaped battery cell is a battery cell having a thin thickness and a relatively wide width and length so as to minimize the overall size when it is charged for the configuration of the battery module.
- a secondary battery having a structure in which an electrode assembly is embedded in a battery case of a laminate sheet including a resin layer and a metal layer, and electrode terminals protrude from upper and lower ends thereof, and specifically, a pouch type of an aluminum laminate sheet. It may be a structure in which the electrode assembly is built in the case.
- a secondary battery having such a structure may be referred to as a pouch type battery cell.
- These battery cells can be configured as a unit module in a structure wrapped in a high-strength cell cover made of synthetic resin or metal in two or more units, the high-strength cell cover is charged and discharged while protecting the battery cell with low mechanical rigidity It prevents the sealing part of the battery cell from being separated by suppressing the change of repetitive expansion and contraction during the time. Therefore, it becomes possible to manufacture a medium-large battery module with more excellent safety ultimately.
- the battery cells in the unit module or between the module modules are connected in series and / or in parallel, and in a preferred embodiment, the electrode terminals are arranged with the battery cells arranged longitudinally in series so that their electrode terminals are continuously adjacent to each other.
- the plurality of unit modules may be manufactured by folding the battery cells in two or more units so as to overlap each other and wrapping the cells in a predetermined unit by the cell cover.
- Coupling of the electrode terminals may be implemented in various ways, such as welding, soldering, mechanical fastening, preferably by welding.
- the plurality of battery cells or unit modules, in which electrode terminals are interconnected and filled with high density, may be vertically mounted in a vertically separated case coupled to a prefabricated fastening structure to form the rectangular battery module.
- the medium-large battery pack according to the present invention includes a plurality of unit cells in order to achieve high output and large capacity, such as electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, etc. It can be used particularly preferably for the power supply of.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a medium-large battery pack mounted with a battery module in a conventional medium-large battery pack case
- Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of the medium-large battery pack of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a medium-large battery pack mounted with a battery module in a medium-large battery pack case according to another prior art
- FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a medium-large battery pack mounted with a battery module in a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a structure in which the opposite end of the coolant inlet is spaced apart from the top surface of the battery cell stack in the medium-large battery pack of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating a result of measuring a temperature change of a battery cell according to an inclination angle A of an inclined surface in the medium-large battery pack structure of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating a result of measuring a temperature change of a battery cell according to an inclination angle A of another inclined surface in the medium-large battery pack structure of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating a result of measuring a temperature change of a battery cell with respect to a change in the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet when the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is 4 degrees in the medium-large battery pack structure of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating a result of measuring a temperature change of a battery cell with respect to a change in an inclination angle B of a refrigerant inlet when the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is 8 degrees in the medium-large battery pack structure of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating a result of measuring a temperature change of a battery cell with respect to a change in the width d of the refrigerant inlet when the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is 4 degrees in the medium-large battery pack structure of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating a result of measuring a temperature change of a battery cell with respect to a change in the width d of the refrigerant inlet when the inclination angle A of the inclined surface of the medium-large battery pack structure of FIG. 4 is 8 degrees;
- FIGS. 6 to 9 is a table showing the measurement results of FIGS. 6 to 9;
- FIG. 13 is a table illustrating measurement results of FIGS. 10 and 11.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a medium-large battery pack mounted with a battery module in a conventional medium-large battery pack case
- FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of the medium-large battery pack of FIG. 1.
- the medium-large battery pack 100 includes a battery module 32 in which six unit modules 30 are stacked and electrically connected, a pack case 70 in which the battery module 32 is mounted, and a refrigerant.
- the refrigerant inlet 40 is a flow space from the inlet 10 to the battery module 32 and the refrigerant outlet 50 is a flow space from the battery module 32 to the refrigerant outlet 20.
- one unit module 30 is composed of four battery cells.
- the coolant flowing from the coolant inlet 10 passes through the flow path 60 formed between the coolant inlet 40 and the unit modules 30 to cool the unit modules 30 and passes through the coolant discharge unit 50.
- the refrigerant is discharged to the outside through the outlet 20.
- the coolant inlet 40 is formed parallel to the stacking direction of the unit modules 30.
- the flow rate of the coolant inlet 40 is increased in the flow path between the unit modules near the coolant outlet 20.
- the flow rate is reduced in the flow path between the unit modules 30 near the refrigerant inlet 10
- the cooling between the unit modules 30 is uneven, and the unit modules and the refrigerant inlet (near the refrigerant outlet 20) ( 10)
- Unit modules nearby will have a high temperature deviation. This phenomenon is because the temperature of the refrigerant inlet 10 increases as the flow rate is driven toward the refrigerant outlet 20.
- FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a medium-large battery pack mounted with a battery module in a medium-large battery pack case according to another conventional art.
- the medium-large battery pack 200 of FIG. 3 has a refrigerant discharge part 250, a flow path 260, and the like substantially the same as the medium-large battery pack 100 of FIG. 1, and the refrigerant inlet 210 of the pack case 270.
- the coolant inlet 240 is inclined at a predetermined angle, and the battery module 232 has a difference in that the battery cells 230 are stacked instead of the unit module. That is, the upper inner surface 242 of the coolant inlet 240 forms an inclined surface inclined at a predetermined angle in the direction of the opposite end of the coolant inlet 210.
- This structure is known to be relatively high cooling efficiency of the battery cells adjacent to the refrigerant inlet 210 compared to the medium-large battery pack 100 of FIG.
- the two inclination angles A and B starting from opposite ends of the coolant inlet 310, are directed toward the coolant inlet 310.
- the inclined plane angle B is formed larger than the inclined plane angle A of the opposite end of the refrigerant inlet 310, if the inclined plane angle B does not satisfy a specific condition, there is a problem in that the desired cooling efficiency is not obtained.
- FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a medium-large battery pack mounted with a battery module in a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the pack case 370 has a length corresponding to the stacking direction L of the battery cells 330 relatively longer than a length corresponding to the width direction W of the battery cells 330. It is.
- the refrigerant inlet 310 and the refrigerant outlet 320 are opposite to each other so that the refrigerant may flow from one side of the battery module 332 to the opposite side.
- the pack case 370 In the upper and lower portions of the pack case 370, respectively.
- a small flow path 360 through which the coolant moves is formed between the battery cells 330, so that the coolant flowing from the coolant inlet 310 moves through the flow path 360 to transfer heat generated from the battery cell 330. After removal, the refrigerant is discharged through the outlet 320.
- the difference between the pack case 370 of FIG. 4 and the pack cases 70 and 270 disclosed in FIGS. 2 and 3 is that the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet 310 of the pack case 370 of FIG. It is larger than the inclination angle A of the inclined surface starting at the opposite end of the refrigerant inlet 310.
- the width d of the refrigerant inlet 310 has a size of approximately 15% based on the battery cell stack 332, that is, the length l of the pack case corresponding to the length of the battery module.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the coolant is determined by the coolant inlet.
- the further away from the end 344 of the 310 is gradually reduced by the angle (A) of the inclined surface.
- the movement speed of the refrigerant is gradually increased, but the flow rate of the refrigerant is reduced, and the refrigerant reaches the battery cells 330 located at a distance from the refrigerant inlet 310, and the battery cells adjacent to the refrigerant inlet 310 are separated from each other. All of the battery cells located far from the refrigerant inlet may be uniformly cooled.
- the inclination angle A of the inclined surface has an inclination of approximately 4 degrees with respect to the top surface of the battery cell stack 332 and the inclination of the coolant inlet 310.
- the angle B is formed on the upper inner surface 342 of the coolant inlet 340 with an inclination of approximately 20 degrees.
- the width d of the refrigerant inlet is approximately 10% based on the length l of the battery pack case 370.
- the battery pack case 370 has two inclined structures in which the inclination A of the opposite end of the coolant inlet 310 is smaller than the inclination B of the coolant inlet 310, the coolant flow rate is less than that of the coolant outlet. It is possible to prevent the phenomenon in which the 220 is located, it is possible to effectively prevent the temperature of the battery cells adjacent to the refrigerant inlet 210 to rise.
- FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a structure in which the opposite ends of the coolant inlets are spaced apart from the top surface of the battery cell stack in FIG. 4.
- the opposite ends of the refrigerant inlets 410 are spaced apart from the top surface of the battery cell stack 432 by a height h of approximately 1 mm, so that the inclination angle B and the slope of the refrigerant inlets are Since only a limited amount of the refrigerant passing through the inclination angle A reaches the opposite end of the refrigerant inlet 410, the battery cells 430 adjacent to the opposite end may be prevented from being overcooled.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing a result of measuring a temperature change of a battery cell according to an inclination angle A of an inclined surface in the medium-large battery pack structure of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the temperature of battery cells stacked in the pack case 370 in the structure of the pack case 370 of FIG. 4 from the battery cell adjacent to the refrigerant outlet 370.
- the measurement result to the battery cell located at 310 is shown. That is, battery cell number 1 denotes a battery cell adjacent to the refrigerant outlet, and battery cell number 35 denotes a battery cell adjacent to the refrigerant inlet.
- the relative temperature ratio of the battery cell is expressed here as a relative value comparable in relation to the respective experimental results.
- the temperature measurement experiment was carried out under a condition that a predetermined load is applied to the battery cell and the ambient air temperature is room temperature.
- the inclination angle (B) of the refrigerant inlet port was experimented by arbitrarily setting 45 degrees.
- the relative temperature ratio of the battery cell number 27 is 96% and the relative temperature ratio of the battery cell number 35 is 84%, resulting in a 12% temperature deviation between the battery cells.
- the relative temperature ratio of the battery cell number 29 was 95% and the relative temperature ratio of the battery cell number 1 was 85%, resulting in a 10% temperature deviation between the battery cells.
- the relative temperature ratio of battery cell No. 29 was 99% and the relative temperature ratio of battery cell No. 1 was 82%, resulting in a 17% temperature deviation between the battery cells. That is, when the inclination angle (B) of the coolant inlet is 45 degrees, surprisingly, when the inclination angle (A) of the inclined surface is 4 degrees, the temperature deviation was found to be the minimum as 10%.
- FIG. 7 there is shown a graph illustrating a result of measuring a temperature change of a battery cell by varying an inclination angle A of an inclined surface under the same experimental conditions as in FIG. 6.
- the inclination angle (A) of the inclined surface is 3 degrees
- the relative temperature ratio of the battery cell number 26 is 96%
- the relative temperature ratio of the battery cell number 1 is 84.5%
- the temperature deviation between the battery cells is 11.5%.
- the relative temperature ratio of battery cell number 29 is 95% and the relative temperature ratio of battery cell number 1 is 85%.
- the relative temperature ratio of battery cell number 26 is 96%
- the relative temperature ratio of battery cell number 1 is 84.5%, 11.5% of temperature variation occurred.
- the inclination angle (B) of the refrigerant inlet when the inclination angle (A) of the inclined surface is 4 degrees, it appears that the temperature deviation is minimum as 10%, the inclination angle (A) of the inclined surface is 3 degrees and 5 In the case of degrees, the temperature deviation is 11.5%, respectively, and the temperature deviation gradually decreases as the inclination angle A of the inclined surface approaches 4 degrees, compared to the case where the inclination angle A of the inclined surface of FIG. 6 is 2.6 degrees and 9.3 degrees.
- the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is preferably 3 to 5 degrees.
- the temperature deviation gradually decreases as the inclination angle B of the refrigerant inlet decreases.
- the rate of increase of the temperature deviation slightly increases when the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet is 60 degrees, the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet is more preferable when it is 20 degrees to 50 degrees.
- the inclination width (d) of the coolant inlet port (d) compared to when the inclination width (d) of the coolant inlet is 20% based on the length (l) of the pack case, It can be seen that the temperature deviation is relatively small when) is 10% based on the length (l) of the pack case.
- the relative temperature ratio of the battery cell No. 1 adjacent to the opposite end of the coolant inlet was 87% and the battery cell no. If the relative temperature ratio of 32 is 98%, and the temperature variation between the battery cells is 11%, and the inclination width d of the coolant inlet is 20% based on the length l of the pack case, the coolant is The relative temperature ratio of battery cell No. 1 adjacent to the opposite end of the inlet was 87%, and the relative temperature ratio of battery cell No. 25 was 97%, resulting in a 10% temperature deviation between the battery cells.
- the inclination width (d) of the coolant inlet compared with when the inclination width (d) of the coolant inlet is 20% based on the length (l) of the pack case. It can be seen that the temperature deviation is relatively large when the size of the pack case is 10% based on the length l.
- FIG. 12 shows a table showing the measurement results of FIGS. 6 to 9, and
- FIG. 13 shows a table showing the measurement results of FIGS. 10 and 11.
- the inclination angle B of the refrigerant inlet is 20 to 60 degrees due to the specific condition of the inner surface structure of the device on which the medium / large battery pack case is mounted
- the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is in the range of 3 to 5 degrees. It can be seen that the one selected within is preferable in terms of uniformity of cooling.
- the inclination angle B of the coolant inlet is 20 to 80 degrees in the medium-large battery pack case
- the inclination angle A of the inclined surface is formed to 3 to 8 degrees, the temperature variation between the unit cells is minimized. It is possible to effectively remove the heat accumulated between the unit cells, and ultimately to significantly improve the performance and life of the battery.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 충방전이 가능한 전지셀 또는 단위모듈('단위 셀') 다수 개가 적층되어 있는 전지모듈이 내장되는 중대형 전지팩 케이스로서,단위 셀들의 냉각을 위한 냉매가 단위 셀 적층방향에 수직한 방향으로 전지모듈의 일측으로부터 대향측으로 유동할 수 있도록 냉매 유입구와 냉매 배출구가 상호 반대방향으로 팩 케이스의 상부 및 하부에 위치하고 있고,냉매 유입구로부터 전지모듈에 이르는 유동 공간('냉매 유입부')과 전지모듈로부터 냉매 배출구에 이르는 유동 공간('냉매 배출부')이 팩 케이스에 각각 형성되어 있으며,단위 셀 적층체의 상단부에 대면하는 냉매 유입부의 상단 내면은, 냉매 유입구의 대향 단부에서 냉매 유입구 방향으로, 단위 셀 적층체의 상단면에 대해 양(+)의 각도(A)로 기울어진 경사면 구조로 이루어져 있고,상기 전지모듈을 포함한 중대형 전지팩 케이스가 장착되는 디바이스의 내면 구조에 대응하여, 상기 냉매 유입구는 상기 경사면의 각도(A)보다 큰 크기의 각도(B)로 기울어져 있으며,상기 냉매 유입구의 기울기 각도(B)가 20 내지 80도일 때, 상기 경사면의 기울기 각도(A)는 3 내지 8도인 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩 케이스.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 경사면의 기울기 각도(A)는 3 내지 5도인 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩 케이스.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 냉매 유입구의 기울기 각도(B)는 20 내지 50도인 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩 케이스.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 냉매 유입구의 폭은 단위 셀 적층체의 길이에 대응하는 팩 케이스의 길이를 기준으로 5 내지 25%의 크기로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩 케이스.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 냉매 유입구의 대향 단부는 단위 셀 적층체의 높이를 기준으로 10% 이하의 높이로 단위 셀 적층체의 상단면으로부터 이격되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩 케이스.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 냉매 유입구의 대향 단부는 단위 셀 적층체의 상단면으로부터 1 내지 10 mm의 높이로 이격되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩 케이스.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 전지팩 케이스는 단위 셀의 적층방향에 대응하는 길이가 단위 셀의 폭방향에 대응하는 길이보다 상대적으로 길게 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩 케이스.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 냉매 배출부는 단위 셀 적층체의 하단부에 대해 균일한 높이를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩 케이스.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 냉매 유입구 또는 냉매 배출구에는 냉매 유입구로부터 유입된 냉매가 전지모듈을 관통한 후 배출구로 이동할 수 있도록 송풍 팬이 추가로 장착되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩 케이스.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 9 항 중 어느 하나에 따른 중대형 전지팩 케이스에 전지모듈이 장착되어 있는 구조의 중대형 전지팩.
- 제 10 항에 있어서, 상기 전지팩은 전기자동차, 또는 하이브리드 전기자동차, 또는 플러그-인 하이브리드 전기 자동차의 전원으로 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩.
Priority Applications (4)
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JP2011519980A JP5384635B2 (ja) | 2008-07-26 | 2009-07-10 | 優れた冷却効率の中型又は大型のバッテリーパックケース |
US13/055,602 US8658303B2 (en) | 2008-07-26 | 2009-07-10 | Middle or large-sized battery pack case of excellent cooling efficiency |
CN2009801291783A CN102106019B (zh) | 2008-07-26 | 2009-07-10 | 冷却效率出色的大中型电池组壳体 |
EP09803107.3A EP2306548B1 (en) | 2008-07-26 | 2009-07-10 | Medium or large battery pack case with excellent cooling efficiency |
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KR20080073276 | 2008-07-26 |
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US (1) | US8658303B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2306548B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5384635B2 (ko) |
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WO (1) | WO2010013902A2 (ko) |
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EP2642586A4 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2014-05-21 | Lg Chemical Ltd | BATTERY OR BATTERY ASSEMBLY HAVING EXCELLENT COOLING EFFICIENCY |
JP2015149286A (ja) * | 2010-11-18 | 2015-08-20 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 優れた冷却効率を有する電池パック |
US9184477B2 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2015-11-10 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Battery pack of excellent cooling efficiency |
US20130230753A1 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2013-09-05 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Battery pack of excellent cooling efficiency |
US9312579B2 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2016-04-12 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Battery pack of excellent cooling efficiency |
CN103190030A (zh) * | 2010-11-18 | 2013-07-03 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 具有优良冷却效率的电池组 |
CN106058366B (zh) * | 2010-11-18 | 2019-08-09 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 具有优良冷却效率的电池组 |
US20120315520A1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | Suzuki Motor Coporation | Battery pack |
US8945741B2 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2015-02-03 | Lithium Energy Japan | Battery pack including a guide disposed on an inner surface of a case |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101106105B1 (ko) | 2012-01-18 |
EP2306548B1 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
US20110177367A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
WO2010013902A3 (ko) | 2010-03-25 |
CN102106019B (zh) | 2013-10-16 |
CN102106019A (zh) | 2011-06-22 |
KR20100012018A (ko) | 2010-02-04 |
JP5384635B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
US8658303B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
EP2306548A4 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
EP2306548A2 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
JP2011529251A (ja) | 2011-12-01 |
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