WO2010006542A1 - 一种喷雾装置 - Google Patents

一种喷雾装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010006542A1
WO2010006542A1 PCT/CN2009/072734 CN2009072734W WO2010006542A1 WO 2010006542 A1 WO2010006542 A1 WO 2010006542A1 CN 2009072734 W CN2009072734 W CN 2009072734W WO 2010006542 A1 WO2010006542 A1 WO 2010006542A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spray
cavity
nozzle
normally closed
outlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/072734
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩铁夫
Original Assignee
Han Tiefu
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN200810071397.8A external-priority patent/CN101306234B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2008100717165A external-priority patent/CN101352602B/zh
Application filed by Han Tiefu filed Critical Han Tiefu
Priority to US12/737,440 priority Critical patent/US20110108291A1/en
Publication of WO2010006542A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010006542A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/08Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
    • A62C37/10Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
    • A62C37/11Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive
    • A62C37/14Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive with frangible vessels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fire fighting apparatus, and more particularly to a spray apparatus. Background technique
  • the end of the automatic fire extinguishing system has a suitable spraying device.
  • the spraying device includes a nozzle, and the extinguishing agent is sprayed through the nozzle to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire.
  • the closed spray device is often used in a closed fire extinguishing system to automatically open the spray head near the fire source.
  • the conventional closed spray device includes a normally closed valve and a spray head, wherein the normally closed valve includes a valve body, a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water outlet is blocked by a sealing disk, and a support arm and a splashing water fixed at the outlet of the water outlet and the valve body A heat sensitive element is disposed between the sealing disk and the support arm, and one end of the heat sensitive element is supported at the center of the support arm, and the other end is placed against the sealing disk.
  • the sealing disk is detached by the water pressure of the water outlet, and the water is sprayed from the water outlet through the splash disk to splash around, thereby realizing automatic spraying of the closed spraying device, but such splashing
  • the water spray device can only spray water, spray, and spray water mist.
  • the support arm and the splash tray of the closed spray device are located opposite the outlet, the support arm and the splash plate adversely affect the atomization of the sprayed water when the water is sprayed out of the water outlet.
  • the aspect affects the flow direction and dispersion fineness of the water, thereby affecting the fire extinguishing effect.
  • the sealing disk occupies the water outlet position of the normally closed valve axis of the spray device, the support arm and the splash plate also occupy the position outside the water outlet. This makes it difficult to provide an atomizing nozzle or other atomizing device at the nozzle, which makes it difficult to achieve a spray in a conventional closed spray device.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. CN99105898.4 discloses a closed spray device with a heat-sensitive element, a rod-shaped arm, a hook-shaped connecting member and a sealing ball, and the closed-type spraying device has a heat-sensitive element and a rod-shaped arm Moving from the center of the normally closed valve to the outside of the normally closed valve, but still need to use a hook-shaped connecting member and a sealing ball to block the normally closed valve outlet, which still makes the nozzle shape and structure severely restricted and difficult to spray, and the spraying device cannot be made much Closed spray device for the nozzle.
  • Chinese patents with application numbers CN95195067.3 and CN200520117602.1 disclose two closed spray solutions.
  • the former barely places the center nozzle on the end of the main shaft facing the heat sensitive element, but the center spray is still subject to the heat sensitive element and the support arm. Blocking, its atomization effect is poor, and it is only suitable for high-pressure liquid spray; the latter gives a kind of medium-low pressure closed type fine water mist head structure, which can be sprayed to the center by a plurality of nozzles located around the center. To fill the blank area of the spray caused by the thermal insulation mechanism. However, since the above solution still has a heat-sensitive element and a support arm at the exit, it is impossible to fundamentally eliminate the adverse effect of the heat-sensitive element and the support arm on the spray effect.
  • the thermal element of the conventional closed spray device directly receives the pressure of the fluid at the inlet of the spray device, and is limited by the strength of the heat sensitive element.
  • the heat sensitive mechanism cannot withstand the high pressure, and is only suitable for medium and low pressure conditions, and cannot be applied to high pressure spraying and spray. This further limits the application of the spray device, which in turn adversely affects the fire extinguishing effect.
  • Water mist fire extinguishing is a new technology for extinguishing fire with dense water mist droplets. It can extinguish all kinds of fires with very little water, and has the outstanding advantages of low cost, no trace of water pollution, and benefit for people to escape. However, it is difficult to develop a closed water nozzle with a water mist close-up.
  • the first object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the conventional closed type nozzle does not spray fine mist, and solves the contradiction between the normally closed type heat sensitive mechanism and the spray nozzle.
  • Providing a normally closed thermal spray device for the end of an automatic fire extinguishing system pipe network which not only avoids the disadvantages of the heat sensitive mechanism on the conventional closed spray head and the support arm obstructing the spray at the outlet; but also significantly improves the closed spray head
  • the spray performance expands the range of use of closed spray heads and opens up new closed spray methods to improve the automatic fire extinguishing performance and fire extinguishing effect of fire protection systems.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a front-end heat-sensitive mechanism for solving and servicing a first-purpose spray device that can be used for high pressure, that is, to provide a new type of high-pressure closed spray device capable of front-mounted
  • the closed spray device of the thermal mechanism is used in medium and high pressure systems.
  • the spray device with a front thermal sensor is provided with a normally closed valve and at least one spray nozzle;
  • the normally closed valve is provided with a valve body, a plugging member, a heat sensitive mechanism and a bracket, and a valve
  • the body is provided with an inlet cavity, a control cavity and at least one outlet cavity.
  • the control cavity is arranged downstream of the inlet cavity and upstream of the outlet cavity and at the lateral position of the outlet cavity.
  • the outlet cavity is connected to the inlet cavity through the control cavity, and the inlet cavity is externally connected to the pressure.
  • the flow source is connected to the spray nozzle, and the movable cavity is provided with a movable plugging member.
  • the outer end of the control chamber is provided with an end cover with a through hole.
  • the heat sensitive mechanism and the bracket are disposed outside the control cavity, and the bracket is fixed to the valve.
  • the bracket supports the heat sensitive mechanism, and the heat sensitive mechanism is pressed against the tail of the blocking member in the through hole of the end cover, and the head of the blocking member is sealed at the communication between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber.
  • Another spraying device is provided with a valve body, a blocking member, a heat-sensitive mechanism, a bracket and at least one spray nozzle; the valve body is provided with an inlet chamber, a control chamber and at least one outlet cavity, and the inlet chamber is externally connected with a pressure fluid source.
  • the oral cavity communicates with the spray nozzle, and the inlet cavity forms a fluid passage through the control cavity to the outlet cavity.
  • the heat sensitive mechanism and the bracket are disposed at the outer end of the control cavity, and the control cavity is provided with a blocking member, and the blocking component is arranged between the control cavity and the outlet cavity and the atmosphere.
  • the sealing member is provided with a pressure guiding hole for communicating the inlet chamber with the control chamber, the pressure guiding hole is used for decompressing the heat sensitive mechanism, the blocking member is slidably disposed in the control chamber, and the blocking member is blocked by the plugging head and
  • the plugging rod is composed of a bracket fixed on the valve body to support the heat sensitive mechanism, and the heat sensitive mechanism presses the tail of the plugging rod so that the plugging head is at the inner end of the control chamber and seals the fluid passage between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber;
  • a sealing member is arranged between the plugging head and the control chamber wall, and a sealing member is arranged between the plugging rod and the through hole at the outer end of the control chamber, and a plugging rod cavity is formed between the plugging rod and the control chamber, and the guiding hole is advanced.
  • Plugging chamber and the rod chamber communicating, by plugging the head surface area of a circle is greater than the fluid pressure in the annular chamber plugging plugging rod area of the back of the head by
  • the control cavity of the valve body is located at a side of each outlet of the valve body, and the through hole of the outer end of the control cavity is disposed on the end cover, the end cover is a free end cover, or the end cover of the bracket, the end cover and the control cavity Threaded connection.
  • the plugging head of the plugging member is a cylindrical shape with a round plane or a conical surface or a hemispherical surface at the top, and the pressure guiding hole on the blocking member is a through hole provided on the plugging head or the plugging head and the plugging rod, the blocking member A sealing member is disposed thereon, or a sealing member is disposed on the blocking member and the control chamber, or a sealing member is disposed on the blocking member and the end cover to seal the inlet cavity and the plug cavity from the outlet cavity and the atmosphere.
  • the medium and high pressure water system automatic fire extinguishing system refers to the working pressure of the pipe network and the valve body of the spraying device
  • the high pressure is greater than 3.5 MPa greater than 1.21 MPa.
  • the valve body can be an integral valve body or a split combined valve body, and the split combined valve body is provided with an outer sleeve body and an intermediate body, and the outer sleeve body is sleeved on the intermediate body and the end cover provided with the inlet cavity, the intermediate body and the intermediate body
  • An annular cavity is formed between the outer casings, and a control cavity is formed between the intermediate body and the end cover.
  • the annular cavity surrounds the outer periphery of the control cavity, and the annular cavity communicates with the outlet cavity.
  • a spring is arranged in the control cavity, one end of the spring is in contact with the end cover, and the other end of the spring is in contact with the blocking member.
  • the spring function is to timely push the plugging member to reset when the system loses pressure, and close the normally closed valve so that it does not leak.
  • the heat sensitive mechanism can be a separate thermal element or a support rod assembly with a thermal response element with a quick response function.
  • the thermal element is provided with a fast response thermal line, one end of the fast response thermal line is connected to the thermal element, and the other end is an external lead.
  • the outlet port communicates with the spray nozzle in direct communication or through a connecting member, and the connecting member is a combination of one or two of a heat transfer tube, a bearing and a rotary joint.
  • the spray nozzle is divided according to the movement manner, and the spray nozzle connected to the oral cavity may be a fixed spray nozzle or a rotary spray nozzle; the spray nozzle is divided according to the spray flow state, and the spray nozzle connected to the oral cavity may be a water mist.
  • the spray nozzle connected to the oral cavity is a foam spray spray nozzle
  • the foam spray spray nozzle can be a simple atomizing nozzle or a foam spray head at the outlet of the nozzle;
  • the foam spray head of the outlet gas is provided with a nozzle seat and a belt
  • the nozzle body, the nozzle cover, the aggregate jet nozzle and the nozzle cover of the concentrated jet nozzle form a venturi-type gas spray structure, and the nozzle cover is provided with a connecting thread and a porous suction chamber, a contraction inlet, a mixing tube and a diffusion tube;
  • a secondary suction hole or/and a fine bubble net may also be added to the tube.
  • the spray nozzle is divided according to the atomization core structure, and the spray nozzles connected to the oral cavity are a centripetal swirling atomizing core spray nozzle, a double swirl double atomizing core spray nozzle, a spring cone plug atomizing core spray nozzle, and mutual impact Flow or rotor mutual impact atomizing core spray nozzle or other type of fine water atomizing core spray nozzle;
  • the mutual impact atomizing core spray nozzle is provided with a nozzle holder and a nozzle body, and the nozzle body is provided with a plurality of sets of mutual impact orifices.
  • the axes of the mutual impact orifices meet or meet in groups, and the rotor inter-flow atomizing core spray nozzles are provided with rotors in the mutual orifices where the axes meet each other.
  • the water mist according to the present invention refers to a water mist in which the cumulative volume percentage of the droplets DV0.99 is less than ⁇ .
  • the method of using the spray device includes three methods: a common independent use method, an extended use method of a normally closed valve with an open spray nozzle, and a combination of at least two normally closed valves:
  • the usual independent use method is to connect the inlet cavity of each closed spray device to the end of one branch pipe of the fire extinguishing system pipe network, and the outlet of each closed spray device directly communicates with the spray nozzle or the spray head.
  • the extended use method of a normally closed valve with an open spray nozzle is to connect the inlet cavity of each normally closed valve to the end of one branch pipe of the fire extinguishing system pipe network, and connect a part of the single normally closed valve to the oral cavity through the pipeline connection spray.
  • the mouth or spray head, while the rest of the mouth is directly connected to the spray nozzle.
  • This kind of usage can expand the protection range of a single closed spray device, such as the spray device with the heat sensitive mechanism is placed in the danger monitoring position, and then the oral closed pipe portion of the spray device is connected to the door and window near the door and window.
  • Open type water mist spray nozzle or spray head (because the hot air flow that can cause the thermal thermal mechanism to move to the door and window is generally delayed, so that the closed nozzle device set here cannot respond in time)
  • the doors and windows of the building are useful for preventing flashing and facilitating escape.
  • the combination of at least two normally closed valves is to connect the inlet cavity of each normally closed valve to the end of one branch pipe of the fire extinguishing system pipe network, and to discharge one of each of the at least two normally closed valves.
  • the pipes are connected to each other, and the remaining outlets of the normally closed valves are directly connected to the spray nozzles, or the rest of the normally closed valves are directly connected to the spray nozzles, and a few outlets are connected to each other through the pipelines.
  • the heat-sensitive mechanism of the normally closed valve of a closed spray device can control all spray nozzles that are normally closed to each other. This kind of usage is different from all the nozzles in the whole space of the open fire-extinguishing system.
  • the thermal mechanism quickly drives several spray heads or spray nozzles around the fire point to extinguish the fire at the same time. It has the advantages of efficient early fire extinguishing, flexible configuration, water saving, reduced installation capacity and cost saving of fire extinguishing equipment, and can be used for water mist or
  • the foam spray automatic fire extinguishing system divides some large-scale fire-fighting areas into small areas or rooms for group protection.
  • the working process of the spray device provided by the present invention is as follows:
  • the thermal element When the environment of the monitoring area is over-temperature, the thermal element is detached, and the blocked component of the normally closed valve slides backward under the action of the fluid pressure, so that the pressure fluid enters the oral cavity from the inlet cavity of the normally closed valve through the control cavity, and then passes through the spray nozzle or The spray head will spray outwards to extinguish the fire; after the fire is extinguished, the blockage will return to the position, and the heat-sensitive element can be replaced to wait for the next spray.
  • the present invention has the following outstanding advantages and remarkable effects: Since the spray device of the present invention has a front heat-sensitive mechanism, that is, the control chamber is located at the lateral position of the outlet cavity, and is located upstream of the mouth of the normally closed valve of the spray device, the position of the heat-sensitive mechanism of the normally-closed valve can be completely avoided. By opening the spout of the spray device, it does not hinder the spray of the spray nozzle, and the spray device structure can be easily installed, and the spray device can be diversified. In addition, a variety of new spray devices can be developed using the structural features of the present invention, and the development of new closed spray heads using conventional structures has been limited.
  • the spray nozzle can be used alone or in combination, various types of spray nozzles can be used as needed, and the spray nozzle can be disposed around the normally closed valve or at a position away from the normally closed valve as needed, and the normally closed valve remains
  • the spray nozzle can be controlled to work.
  • the normally closed valves of several spray devices of the present invention can be interconnected to form a small range of linked spray devices. In this small range, the heat sensitive mechanism of any one normally closed valve can activate the spray in the entire small range.
  • the spray is sprayed together, so that the spray range and fire extinguishing strength in a specific situation can be expanded, and the spray form can be diversified and the applicability is strong.
  • the heat-sensitive element of the heat-sensitive mechanism can also be provided with a quick-response heat-sensitive line, so that the ability to respond to fire is greatly improved, and the response is quick and reliable.
  • the closed spray device with decompression heat-sensitive mechanism can sense the temperature and choose the eruption for spraying water mist, gas mist or water spray or foam spray.
  • the thermal mechanism is required.
  • the pressure of the entire fluid received by the top surface of the plug is relieved, so that the force of the heat sensitive mechanism of the closed spray device provided by the present invention is greatly reduced, so that the plugging member under the medium and high pressure fluid can be supported by the general heat sensitive element to be closed.
  • Spray device When the heat-sensitive element is detached and the clogging member loses support, the difference in fluid pressure between the top surface and the back surface of the clogging head causes the blocking member to move downward, and at the same time, the fluid in the plugging rod cavity is squeezed into the control chamber at the top surface of the clogging head, thereby increasing the pushing blockage.
  • the downward flow rate of the piece pushes the blockage member to accelerate downward, accelerates the opening of the passage of the control chamber, and allows the fluid in the inlet chamber to quickly enter the mouth to erupt.
  • the pressure guiding hole structure of the invention not only greatly reduces the force of the heat sensitive mechanism, but also effectively decompresses the heat sensitive element supporting the blocking member, thereby realizing supporting and controlling the high pressure normally closed with a thin low-intensity thermal element.
  • the valve is opened and closed; thus, the responsiveness of the closed spray device of the present invention can be improved from two aspects, namely On the one hand, the use of a thinner low-intensity thermal element to achieve the same set temperature has a short start-up time, and on the other hand, the plugging member accelerates the speed of opening the closed spray device.
  • the closed spray device with the decompression heat-sensitive mechanism provided by the invention is particularly suitable for the large-diameter thermal normally closed valve in the medium-high pressure water closed automatic fire extinguishing system, so that it needs strong support to block the comparison.
  • the thermal element of the large-area path is decompressed.
  • the invention breaks through the traditional structural mode of the closed spray device, and solves the problem that the prior heat sensitive mechanism can hinder the nozzle spray.
  • the control cavity of the present invention is disposed on the lateral position of each outlet cavity of the valve body, for expanding the closed spray
  • the function of the device and the improvement of the spray quality open up a vast space.
  • the present invention contemplates and provides a fast response thermal mechanism.
  • the closed spray device of the present invention provides a new closed valve body with multiple outlets and a spray configuration of a hybrid configuration, as well as a new atomization nozzle that can accommodate a variety of fire types.
  • the present invention provides a new method of combined use of several closed spray devices. Therefore, the invention has the support without the nozzle spray, the spray is fine, the flow rate is large, the effect is good, the spray form and the space distribution are diversified, the fire protection range can be appropriately and flexibly combined, the quick response can be applied, the application scope is wide, and the utility model can be applied to the high, medium and low pressure. Outstanding advantages and effects such as various working conditions.
  • the present invention also provides a prior art solution such as a thermal spray device for a rotary spray and a foam spray, and a partial closed spray system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view showing the structure of a spray device with a front heat sensitive mechanism according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a spray device with a front heat sensitive mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a spray device of the present invention with a front thermal sensor.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic exploded view showing the structure of the spray device of the present invention with a front thermal sensor.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic exploded view showing the structure of a spray device of the present invention with a front thermal sensor.
  • Figure 6 is a view taken in the direction of D in Figure 5.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic exploded view showing the structure of a spray device with a front thermal sensor of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Figure 7, and a schematic view of the injection.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing the seventh embodiment of the spray device with a front thermal sensor according to the present invention, which shows a structural view of a combination of normally closed valves of a spray device with a front thermal sensor.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gas mist spray head.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water mist spray head.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a centripetal swirling atomizing core spray nozzle.
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K of Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a double swirl atomizing core spray nozzle.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rotor inter-flow atomizing core spray nozzle.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of an atomizing core spray nozzle with a spring taper.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the F-F of Figure 9.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water spray head.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of a foam spray head.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the structure of a large water droplet spray head.
  • the spray head may have a spray nozzle, and the spray nozzle may be provided at the position of the spray head; therefore, for the sake of simplicity of description, the spray head and the spray nozzle are not separately described.
  • the spray device provided in the first embodiment comprises a normally closed valve R1 and a spray head 3a.
  • the normally closed valve R1 is provided with a valve body 1, a heat sensitive mechanism, a bracket 7 and a blocking member 9, and a normally closed valve R1.
  • the outlet mouth 6 is directly screwed to the spray head 3a.
  • the valve body 1 is provided with an inlet chamber 4, a control chamber 5 and an outlet chamber 6.
  • the control chamber 5 is disposed between the inlet chamber 4 and the outlet chamber 6, and the control chamber 5 is located at the side of the outlet chamber 6, that is, the axis of the control chamber 5.
  • the line forms an angle with the axis of the outlet cavity 6 (the angle may be less than, equal to or greater than 90 degrees).
  • the heat sensitive mechanism is a single heat sensitive element 2, and the heat sensitive element 2 is a heat sensitive glass bubble (which may also be a fusible alloy component, etc.), and the heat sensitive element 2 is exposed to the atmosphere.
  • the outer port of the control chamber 5 is provided with an end cap 7.1 which is screwed to the outer port of the control chamber 5 of the valve body 1.
  • the end cap 7.1 is provided with a central bore 7.2 and a seal 7.6.
  • the bracket 7 is attached to the end cap 7.1.
  • the blocking member 9 is in the shape of a piston, the blocking member 9 is disposed in the control chamber 5, and the head of the blocking member 9 is provided with a sealing member 9.1.
  • the head of the blocking member 9 is blocked in the communication between the inlet chamber 4 and the control chamber 5, and the blocking member
  • the tail of 9 is located in the center hole 7.2 of the end cover 7.1, and the small end hole 9.3 is provided at the end of the blocking member 9, and the small air hole 9.3 makes the blocking member 9 slide more smoothly.
  • One end of the thermosensitive element 2 is supported on the bracket 7, and the other end of the thermosensitive element 2 is pressed against the blocking member 9.
  • the spray head 3a is a fixed foam spray head (which can also be replaced by other fixed spray heads and rotary spray heads), and is provided with a middle large hole, a plurality of misaligned small holes 03al and a plurality of foam atomized air holes 03a0.
  • the intermediate large hole and each of the misaligned small holes 03al constitute a combined spray port, and each of the misaligned holes 03al is uniformly distributed circumferentially; each of the foamed atomized gas holes 03a0 is uniformly distributed circumferentially and open to the atmosphere.
  • the number of misaligned holes and the number of foamed atomized holes can be designed as needed.
  • the spray device with a front thermal sensing mechanism given in this embodiment can be referred to as a closed foam spray head.
  • a filter (not shown) may be provided at the inlet of the spray head as needed, and the inlet chamber 4 of the valve body 1 may also be provided with a filter (not shown) as needed.
  • the working principle is as follows: When the environment of the monitoring area is over-temperature, the thermal element 2 is detached, and the blocking member 9 of the normally closed valve R1 slides backward under the action of the fluid pressure, so that the pressure fluid is controlled from the inlet chamber 4 of the normally closed valve R1.
  • the chamber 5 enters the mouth 6 and then enters the spray head 3a and is sprayed from the spray head 3a to extinguish the fire.
  • the blocker is manually returned and the new heat-sensitive element 2 is refilled to wait for the next spray.
  • the spray device provided in this embodiment includes a normally closed valve R1 and a spray head.
  • the spray head can be a spray head P or an atomizing core spray nozzle.
  • the normally closed valve R1 includes a valve body 1, a plugging member 200, and heat. Sensitive mechanism (separate thermal element 2) and bracket 7.
  • the valve body 1 is provided with an inlet chamber 4, a control chamber 5 and an outlet chamber 6, the inlet chamber 4 is externally connected to a source of pressure fluid, the inlet chamber 4 is provided with a filter 15 (can be arranged as needed), and the outlet chamber 6 is connected to the spray head through a threaded connection P Or atomizing the core spray nozzle T.
  • the control chamber 5 is disposed at a side position between the inlet chamber 4 and the outlet chamber 6.
  • the control chamber 5 is provided with a blocking member 200.
  • the blocking member 200 supported by the heat sensitive mechanism closes the inlet chamber 4 and the control chamber 5 and the outlet chamber 6.
  • the fluid passage, when the heat-sensitive element causes the blocking member 200 to act, the fluid is finally ejected from the spray head or the spray nozzle into a mist.
  • the outer port of the control chamber 5 is screwed to the end cover 7.1 with the central hole 7.2.
  • the blocking member 200 is slidably disposed in the control chamber 5, and the blocking member 200 is provided with the blocking head 210 and the blockage.
  • the rod 220, the clogging head 210 is pressed at the junction of the inlet chamber 4 and the control chamber 5, the clogging rod 220 is located in the central hole 7.2 of the end cap 7.1, and is slidingly and sealingly engaged with the central hole 7.2 to block the rod 220 and the control chamber
  • a closed plugging rod cavity 121 is formed between the inner walls of the block 5.
  • the plugging member 200 is provided with a pressure guiding hole 230 connecting the inlet cavity 4 and the control cavity 5.
  • the bracket 7 and the heat sensitive component 2 are disposed outside the control cavity 4, and the bracket 7 is provided.
  • the end cap 7.1 is also the base of the bracket 7, the end of the thermosensitive element 2 is disposed on the bracket 7, and the other end of the thermosensitive element 2 is pressed against the tail of the stemming bar 220.
  • the circular area of the fluid pressure received by the top surface of the plug head 210 i.e., the surface facing the inlet chamber 4) (i.e., the area of the circle in the top seal of the plug head 210) is larger than the annular area of the fluid pressure received on the back surface of the plug head 210.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are applicable to medium and high pressure operating conditions.
  • the control chamber 5 of the valve body 1 is located at the side of the valve body outlet port 6, and the clogging head 210 is provided with a plugging head cover 240 and sealing rings 250 and 260, and a sealing ring 7.6 is provided on the end cap 7.1.
  • the heat-sensitive element 2 is provided with a quick-response heat-sensitive wire 35, and one end of the quick-response heat-sensitive wire 35 is connected to the heat-sensitive element 2, and the other end of the quick-response heat-sensitive wire 35 is an outer lead end which leaves the valve body 1.
  • the ⁇ or ⁇ connected to the mouth 6 can be various, for example: ⁇ can be a gas mist spray head, ⁇ can be a water mist atomizing core spray nozzle, specifically a double swirl atomizing core spray nozzle ⁇ 3 ,
  • can be a gas mist spray head
  • can be a water mist atomizing core spray nozzle, specifically a double swirl atomizing core spray nozzle ⁇ 3
  • the working principle of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the heat-sensitive element 2 of the second embodiment is subjected to a small force and, therefore, can be used under high pressure conditions in order to enhance the fire extinguishing function and action of the spray device.
  • the normally closed valve body used in this embodiment is of the R1 type, but the R2 or R3 type or other form of the valve body can also be used, as long as a piston-shaped blocking member with a pressure guiding through hole is provided in the control chamber thereof, The heat sensitive mechanism supporting the plugging member is depressurized.
  • valve body 1 of the normally closed valve R2 of the spray device is a multi-body, and the valve body 1 is provided with four outlets 6 (the number of the mouths 6 can be set as needed)
  • the inlet chamber 4 is perpendicular to the outlet chamber 6, and the control chamber 5 is disposed at the lateral position of the outlet chamber 6.
  • a filter 15 is provided in the inlet chamber 4 (can be set as needed).
  • a spring 10 is disposed between the blocking member 9 and the end cap 7.1, and the spring 10 - end is in contact with the end cap 7.1, and the other end of the spring 10 is in contact with the blocking member 9, and the spring 10 contributes to the pressing and resetting of the blocking member 9.
  • One outlet port 6 in the lower part of the valve body 1 is directly connected to one spray head 3C' (the nozzle 3C' is a fine mist side wall spray head, and may be other types of spray heads), and the other outlets 6 pass through the heat transfer tube 40.
  • the fixed spray head 3X or the rotary spray head 3XX is connected, the heat sensitive mechanism of the normally closed valve R2 is a separate heat sensitive element 2, the heat sensitive element 2 is provided with a fast response heat sensitive line 35, and the fast response heat sensitive line 35 can be fast Thermally conductive pilot wire (also can be a heat shock tube, or a micro-explosive detonating tube, etc.).
  • a heat-sensitive element 2 can control a plurality of outlets 6, thereby controlling a plurality of spray nozzle sprays.
  • the valve body 1 of the normally closed valve R3 of the spray device provided in this embodiment is a split type combined valve body.
  • the valve body 1 includes an outer casing 12, an intermediate body 11 and an end cover 7.1, and the intermediate body 11 is provided with an inlet cavity.
  • the control chamber 5 is formed between the intermediate body 11 and the end cover 7.1; the outer casing 12 is sleeved on the intermediate body 11 and the end cover 7.1.
  • An annular cavity 6.1 is formed between the intermediate body 11 and the outer casing 12, and the annular cavity 6.1 surrounds the outer periphery of the control chamber 5.
  • the bracket 7 supports the heat-sensitive element 2, and the heat-sensitive element 2 and the spring 10 are pressed together against the blocking member 9, and the passage of the inlet chamber 4 to the control chamber 5 is blocked.
  • a hole groove is formed in the outer casing 12 and the intermediate body 11. The hole groove connects the control cavity 5 and the annular cavity 6.1 with each of the outlets 6 disposed around the outer casing 12. The upper portion of the outer casing 6 of the outer casing 12 passes through the flow.
  • the tube 40 is connected to the fixed spray head 3X or the rotary mist spray head 3XX, and each of the outlets 6 in the lower portion of the outer casing 12 is respectively provided with a spray nozzle 07, and the spray nozzle 07 is a swirl atomizing core spray nozzle (other types can also be used as needed) Spray nozzle).
  • the control chamber 5 is also disposed at the lateral position of each of the outlets 6, that is, the axial line of the control chamber 5 forms an angle with the axial line of the outlet chamber 6 (the angle may be less than, equal to or greater than 90 degrees).
  • the remaining reference numerals in FIG. 4 of the present embodiment are consistent with the embodiment 1.
  • a plurality of heat-dissipating elements 2 can also be used to control the discharge of a plurality of outlets 6 to simultaneously spray a plurality of spray nozzles.
  • Figure 6 is a view taken in the direction of D in Figure 5.
  • This example is similar to the embodiment 1.
  • the main difference is: the inlet chamber 4 of the normally closed valve R1 of the spray device is provided with a filter 15; a spring 10 is arranged between the blocking member 9 in the control chamber 5 and the end cover 7.1; the normally closed valve R1 exits the mouth through the joint 37 and the whole body 38 is connected to the heat transfer tube (not shown), and then connected to the nozzle (not shown).
  • the heat sensitive mechanism consists of a support rod 7.4, a heat sensitive element 2 and their common base plate 7.3, and the heat sensitive element 2 supports a support rod 7.4 which is co-located on the bottom plate 7.3; the support 7 is supported by a screw 7.5 against the bottom plate 7.3.
  • One end of the support rod 7.4 is pressed against the trailing end of the blocking member 9, and is balanced to keep the support rod 7.4 and the bottom plate 7.3 of the thermal element 2 stationary.
  • the heat-sensitive element 2 and the support rod 7.4 have an angle ⁇ (20 to 45 degrees) and ⁇ (4 to 10 degrees) from the center line of the bracket 7, respectively; the bracket 7 is fixed to the end cover 7.1.
  • the working principle of this embodiment is: when the environment of the monitoring area is over-temperature, the temperature-sensitive element 2 falls off, the balance of the support rod 7.4 is broken, and the blocking member 9 of the normally-closed valve R1 slides backward under the action of the fluid pressure, so that the pressure fluid is discharged from the pressure.
  • the inlet chamber 4 of the normally closed valve R1 enters the outlet chamber 6 via the control chamber 5, and is connected to the proximal spray head via the joint 37 and the through body 38 and the delivery tube.
  • the heat sensitive mechanism may be referred to as a fast response heat sensitive mechanism, and other embodiments of the present invention may also apply a quick response thermal mechanism to control the opening and closing of the normally closed valve.
  • the remaining symbols in Fig. 5 correspond to the embodiment 1.
  • the normally closed valve R1 of this embodiment can also be placed upside down, that is, the inlet chamber 4 is connected downward to the fire pipe network, and the outlet port 6 is led up to the joint pipe member and then to the corresponding spray head.
  • Embodiment 6 is similar to Embodiment 1, and is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the inlet chamber 4 of the spray device normally closed valve R1 is provided with a filter 15, and the plugging member 9 and the end in the control chamber 5 are provided.
  • a spring 10 is disposed between the cover 7.1, the end of the spring 10 is in contact with the end cover 7.1, and the other end of the spring 10 is in contact with the blocking member 9.
  • the heat-sensitive element 2 on the bracket 7 is made of a heat-sensitive glass bulb, and the normally closed valve R1 is connected to the mouth 6 through a rotary joint J1 and a spray-propelled water mist spray head 3 ,, and other rotary spray sprays can be used as needed. head.
  • Fig. 8 shows the spray state of the spray port
  • the water mist spray head 3 is provided with a cross-shaped nozzle body, and the nozzle body is provided with an eccentric spray.
  • the mist port 24, the non-eccentric spray port 26 and the spray port 25, the eccentric spray port 24 is provided with an eccentric distance to the rotating shaft, and the jet reaction force of the eccentric spray port 24 forms a torque on the rotating shaft to push the spray head to rotate, the spray port 25 and the non-eccentric spray
  • the mouth 26 allows the spray to spread more evenly.
  • the spray device given in this embodiment is a rotary spray device, which may be simply referred to as a spray-propelled rotary spray head.
  • the spray device of the present invention may also be constructed of a plurality of closed rotary spray devices by other fluid power means.
  • rotary spray heads can also be used in other embodiments of the invention.
  • the spray device provided in this example comprises a normally closed valve R2 and a normally closed valve R3.
  • the two normally closed valves are used in combination, and the inlet chamber of the normally closed valve of the spray device is connected to the end of the automatic fire extinguishing pipe network.
  • the normally closed valve R2 is the same as the normally closed valve of the spray device provided in the third embodiment
  • the normally closed valve R3 is the same as the spray device normally closed valve provided in the fourth embodiment, and on the basis of the fourth embodiment, the heat sensitive mechanism is replaced with The fast response thermal mechanism of the fifth embodiment.
  • the normally closed valve R2 and the normally closed valve R3 of the above spray device are positioned in a fire fighting area, and their inlet chambers 4 are respectively connected to one input pipe, and one outlet port of the normally closed valve R2 is used for one pipe.
  • 40 is connected with one outlet port 6 of the normally closed valve R3, and the other outlets of the normally closed valve R2 are respectively connected by a water mist side wall spray head 3C' and a fine water mist spray head 3C, and the other outlets of the upper part of the R3
  • a water mist spray head 3C is connected by a respective pipe, and the spray heads 3C and 3C' are disposed near the periphery of the normally closed valve R2 and the normally closed valve R3, and the outlet of the R3 lower cone is directly provided with a swirl.
  • Flow atomizing core spray nozzle 07 (other spray core spray nozzles are also available).
  • the spray device provided in this example can open the spray nozzles which are in communication with the normally closed valve R2 and the normally closed valve R3 regardless of the thermal element of the heat sensitive mechanism, so that the plurality of spray nozzles are recently
  • the normally closed valve of the fire source controls the eruption at the same time, which improves the early fire extinguishing ability. Head, strengthen the fire fighting capacity of the fire protection system.
  • the channels of the normally closed valves and the connecting pipes should be able to supply all the spray heads and
  • the spray nozzle requires the total amount of water (for example, using a ⁇ normally closed valve to connect 1/2" pipe nozzle, etc.), so the spray head and spray nozzle should not be too far too far, which is especially suitable for a single spray head with very little water.
  • Some of the water mist fire extinguishing systems are used in places where the sub-community is used to initiate fire fighting. Seven embodiments have been given above, each of which has corresponding drawings.
  • the spray head or spray nozzle shown in the drawings is used in the present invention, and the spray head or spray nozzle usable in the present invention can be various. It is not limited by the spray head or spray nozzle shown in the drawing.
  • Several fixed spray heads or spray nozzles that can be used in conjunction with the normally closed valves of the above embodiments are given below.
  • the nozzle P1 is a gas mist spray head, and the gas mist spray head is provided with a nozzle holder 01 and a nozzle body 011, and the nozzle body 011 is provided with a plurality of sets of symmetric cross-flow holes 012, and the mutual impact holes 012 The outlets are mutually hit and intersect at the nozzle orifice 013.
  • the nozzle body 011 provided with a plurality of sets of the percussion orifices 012 can also be used alone as an interpenetrating gas-water atomizing core spray nozzle, that is, the nozzle body 011 is directly mounted on the outlet of the spray device of the present invention.
  • the nozzle P1 inputs a gas-water mixture, and the output is ultra-fine gas mist.
  • P2 is a water mist spray head, and a filter 15 is arranged at the inlet of the nozzle seat, and a water atomizing core spray nozzle is arranged on the wall of the nozzle seat; wherein, the water atomizing core spray nozzle can have various options, 12 and 13 are the centripetal swirling atomizing core spray nozzles, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line K-K in FIG.
  • the atomizing core spray nozzle is provided with a threaded outer circumference, a nozzle seat with a centrally disposed orifice and
  • the centripetal core is composed; the bottom plate of the centripetal core is inserted into the nozzle base, and 2 to 3 centripetal guide grooves are arranged around the center hole of the bottom plate of the centripetal core, and the guide groove and The outer circumference of the bottom hole of the bottom platform is substantially tangent, and the center hole of the bottom stage and the nozzle hole of the nozzle holder are in the same diameter. It can also be the double-swirl atomizing core spray nozzle shown in Fig.
  • the double-swirl double-nozzle atomizing core spray nozzle is assembled by the nozzle seat 091, the swirl sleeve 092 and the swirling core 093;
  • the large end outer cylindrical surface is provided with a plurality of oblique swirling grooves 095, and a swirling sleeve spray hole 096 is arranged at the bottom of the inverted conical cavity at the lower part of the circular hole of the swirling sleeve 092 at the bottom cylindrical surface of the swirling core 093.
  • the chute 094 is provided, and the large end cylinder of the swirl sleeve 092 is set in the upper circular hole of the nozzle seat 091, and the lower part of the nozzle seat 091 is provided with a curved or tapered nozzle cavity with a central nozzle 099, in the nozzle cavity
  • An outer swirling cavity 097 is formed between the swirling sleeve and the swirling core 093, and an inner swirling chamber 098 is formed between the swirling sleeve 092 and the swirling core 093.
  • the swirling sleeve nozzle 096 is located at the central nozzle 099 of the nozzle holder 091.
  • the nozzle nozzle 091 central nozzle 099 is concentrically connected or connected in parallel to form a double-swirl double-nozzle atomizing core spray nozzle, and the nozzle seat 091 is screwed into the nozzle cavity having the input hole 090.
  • It can also be the rotor inter-flow atomizing core spray nozzle shown in FIG. 15 , wherein the rotor atomizing core nozzle has an outer circumference of the atomizing core seat, and no less than two circular holes with shrinking nozzles are arranged therein.
  • the circular hole has a rotatable small cylinder with a guide groove, and the guide groove is a spiral groove or a twill groove;
  • the axes of the contracting nozzles intersect to form a mutual impact atomizing core spray nozzle.
  • the spray nozzle shown in Fig. 16 referring to Figs. 16 and 17, the spray nozzle shown is an atomizing core spray nozzle with a spring taper, and the stepped circular hole of the nozzle seat 031 is connected with the conical bore 037.
  • the center of the bottom of the inverted conical cavity 037 is provided with a nozzle nozzle central opening 039.
  • the swirling sleeve 032 is fixed in the stepped circular hole of the nozzle holder 031, and 2-4 tangential turns are arranged on the annular wall of the swirling sleeve 032.
  • the flow channel 035 has a cylindrical tapered cavity 038 and an inner spray hole 036 in the center of the swirl sleeve 032.
  • the top of the cylindrical tapered cavity 038 is sealed by an end cap 030 with a through hole, and the cylindrical tapered cavity 038 is provided with a spring.
  • the stepped center cylinder 033 is pressed by 0300, the short taper plug of the stepped center cylinder 033 is provided with 2 ⁇ 3 oblique ports, and the inner spray hole 036 is located on the center line of the nozzle spout center 039, and the two are concentrically connected or In parallel, an atomizing core spray nozzle with an external swirling spring taper is formed, and the nozzle seat is screwed into the nozzle cavity.
  • P3 is a water spray spray head, which is a commonly used hollow cone spiral spray head. Changing the wall thickness and shape can change the size of the spray drop.
  • the nozzle P4 is a foam mist spray head, and the foam mist spray head is composed of a nozzle holder 02, a nozzle body 021 and a nozzle cover 023; an outlet of the oblique hole 025 of the nozzle body 021 forms an aggregate jet nozzle 022; or a nozzle body 021
  • the rotor hole with the rotor atomizing core 024 and the shrinking oblique hole 025 are disposed therein, and the outlet of the rotor atomizing core 024 forms an agglomeration jet nozzle 022; the collecting jet nozzle 022 and the nozzle cover 023 form a venturi-type gas foam spray jet
  • the nozzle holder 02 is screwed to the nozzle cover 023 and the nozzle body 021 is sandwiched therebetween.
  • the nozzle cover 023 is provided with two upper and lower air suction holes, and the nozzle cover 023 has a porous suction chamber, a mixing tube and a diffusion tube. A secondary suction hole or / and a fine bubble net may be added to the diffusion pipe.
  • nozzle cover 023 and the nozzle holder 02 of the foam mist spray head with the rotor atomization core are removed, and the outer circumference of the nozzle body 021 is threaded, it can become a fine mist spray nozzle with a rotor atomization core;
  • the nozzle body 021 of the fine water mist spray head of the chemical core is provided with a rotor hole, and each rotor hole is provided with a rotor atomizing core 024, and the rotor hole is provided with a shrinking spray hole 025, and the axes of the rotor holes can be inclined, parallel or mutually inclined cross.
  • P5 is a large water droplet spray head
  • the large water spray head 3f is provided with a large hole groove, and the position and number of the large hole groove can be set according to actual needs.
  • the outlet of the normally closed valve of the spray device can be directly or through a pipeline connected to the above various spray nozzles or spray heads, and different spray heads can be connected to form different types of spray devices.
  • spray devices such as:
  • the spray device of the present invention becomes a closed foam spray device or a closed foam spray spray device when the normally closed valve exits the oral attachment fixed foam or foam spray nozzle or spray head.
  • the spray device of the present invention becomes a closed gas mist or fine mist spray device.
  • the spray device of the present invention becomes a closed water spray device or a large water drop closed spray device when the normally closed valve is connected to the fixed water spray spray head or the large water spray head.
  • the spray device of the present invention is a closed rotary spray device corresponding to a spray pattern when the spray head of the normally closed valve outlet is a rotary spray head of various jet flows.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Description

一种喷雾装置 本申请要求两项中国专利的优先权, 第一项是于 2008年 7月 12日提 交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810071397.8、发明名称为"带前置热敏机构的 喷洒装置及其使用方法"的中国专利申请的优先权; 第二项是于 2008年 9 月 6日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810071716.5、发明名称为"带减压热 敏机构的闭式喷雾装置及其使用方法"的中国专利申请的优先权;两项中国 专利申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及一种消防器材, 尤其是涉及一种喷雾装置。 背景技术
自动灭火系统管路末端具有合适的喷洒装置, 喷洒装置包括喷头, 灭 火剂通过喷头喷出, 实现灭火的目的。 其中, 闭式喷洒装置常常在闭式灭 火系统中使用, 用以自动开启在火源近处的喷头。
传统的闭式喷洒装置包括常闭阀和喷头, 其中, 常闭阀包括阀体、 进 水口和出水口, 出水口由密封盘堵塞, 在出水口外设与阀体固定的支撑臂 和溅水盘; 在密封盘与支撑臂之间设热敏元件, 热敏元件一端支承在支撑 臂中心, 另一端顶住密封盘。 在热敏元件受热断裂、 脱落后, 密封盘在出 水口水压的作用下脱落, 水从出水口喷出经溅水盘向周围溅洒, 实现闭式 喷洒装置的自动喷洒, 但此类溅水喷洒装置只能洒水不能喷雾更不能喷细 水雾。
由于这种闭式喷洒装置的热敏元件、 支撑臂和溅水盘都位于出口对 面, 在出水口喷出水时, 支撑臂和溅水盘会对喷出水的雾化产生不利影响, 一方面会影响水的流向和分散细度, 进而影响灭火效果, 另一方面, 由于 密封盘占据喷洒装置的常闭阀轴线的出水口位置, 支撑臂和溅水盘也占据 出水口外的位置, 使得难以在水口处设置雾化喷嘴或其他雾化装置, 这就 使传统闭式喷洒装置很难实现喷雾。
申请号为 CN99105898.4的中国专利公布了一种带热敏元件、 杆状臂、 钩形连接件和密封球的闭式喷洒装置, 闭式喷洒装置将热敏元件和杆状臂 从常闭阀中心移到常闭阀外侧, 但仍需用钩形连接件和密封球封堵常闭阀 出口, 这仍使喷嘴形状和结构严重受限难以喷雾, 而且该喷洒装置不能作 成多喷嘴的闭式喷雾装置。 申请号为 CN95195067.3和 CN200520117602.1的 中国专利公开了两种闭式喷雾方案, 前者勉强把中心喷嘴设在主轴面对热 敏元件端部, 但中心喷雾仍然受热敏元件和支撑臂的阻挡, 其雾化效果较 差, 而且仅适于高压液体喷雾; 后者给出了一类中低压闭式细水雾头结构, 它可用位于四周向中央顷斜的多个喷嘴向中央喷雾, 以补充热敏机构占位 造成的喷雾空白区域。但上述方案由于在出口处仍然有热敏元件和支撑臂, 从而无法从根本上消除热敏元件和支撑臂对喷雾效果的不良影响。
另外, 传统闭式喷洒装置的热敏元件直接承受喷洒装置入口流体的压 力, 受到热敏元件强度的限制, 热敏机构不能承受高压作用, 只适于中低 压工况, 不能应用于高压喷洒和喷雾。 这就进一步分限制了喷洒装置的应 用, 进而造成对灭火效果的不利影响。 细水雾灭火是用浓密水雾微滴进行 灭火的新技术, 它用水极少即能灭各种大火, 且具有成本低、 无水迹污染、 利于人员逃生等突出优点, 急需推广。但关健件细水雾闭式喷头难以研发, 现有常闭式热敏机构与细雾喷嘴存在结构矛盾的问题难以解决。 另外高压 喷雾质量好, 但使喷头常闭的热敏元件不能支撑高压力, 为给热敏元件减 压, 至使现有高压常闭式热敏喷头结构复杂喷雾受限, 影响灭火能力。 这 也是需要解决的难题。
发明内容
针对上述的问题, 本发明的第一个目的在于解决现有闭式喷头不能很 好喷细雾, 解决常闭式热敏机构与喷雾嘴存在结构矛盾的难题。 提供一种 用于自动灭火系统管网末端的常闭式热敏喷雾装置, 它不但避免传统闭式 喷头上的热敏机构、 支撑臂在出口妨碍喷雾的缺点; 而且显著地改善闭式 喷头的喷雾性能,扩大了闭式喷头的使用范围,开拓了新的闭式喷雾方法, 以便于提高消防系统的自动灭火性能和灭火效果。
本发明的第二个目的在于使解决和服务于第一个目的喷雾装置的前置 热敏机构可用于高压, 即提供一类新的高压闭式喷雾装置, 它能够把前置 热敏机构的闭式喷雾装置应用在中高压系统中。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供的带前置热敏机构的喷洒装置设有 常闭阀, 以及至少 1个喷雾嘴; 常闭阀设有阀体、堵塞件、热敏机构和支架, 阀体设有进口腔、控制腔和至少 1个出口腔,控制腔设在进口腔的下游和出 口腔的上游并位于出口腔的侧位, 出口腔经过控制腔与进口腔连通, 进口 腔外接压力流源, 出口腔与喷雾嘴连通, 控制腔内设可移动的堵塞件, 控 制腔的外端设有带通孔的端盖, 热敏机构及支架设于控制腔外, 支架固连 在阀体或端盖上, 支架支撑热敏机构, 热敏机构压抵位于端盖的通孔中的 堵塞件尾部, 堵塞件的头部密封在进口腔与出口腔间之间的连通处。
提供的另一种喷洒装置设有阀体、 堵塞件、 热敏机构、 支架和至少 1 个喷雾嘴; 阀体设有进口腔、 控制腔和至少 1个出口腔, 进口腔外接压力流 体源, 出口腔连通喷雾嘴, 进口腔经过控制腔至出口腔构成流体通道, 热 敏机构及支架设于控制腔外端, 控制腔内设有堵塞件, 堵塞件使控制腔与 出口腔和大气之间都密封隔离; 堵塞件上设有将进口腔与控制腔连通的导 压孔, 导压孔用于对热敏机构减压, 堵塞件可滑动地设于控制腔内, 堵塞 件由堵塞头和堵塞杆组成, 固定于阀体上的支架支撑住热敏机构, 热敏机 构压紧堵塞杆尾部, 使堵塞头处于控制腔的里端并密封住进口腔与出口腔 之间的流体通道; 在堵塞头与控制腔壁之间设有密封件, 在堵塞杆与控制 腔外端的通孔之间设有密封件, 在堵塞杆与控制腔之间形成堵塞杆腔, 导 压孔使进口腔和堵塞杆腔连通, 堵塞头顶面受流体压力的圓面积大于堵塞 头背面受流体压力的堵塞杆腔圓环形面积, 堵塞头顶面与背面所受流体压 力方向相反。
所述的阀体的控制腔位于阀体各出口腔的侧位, 控制腔外端的通孔设 于端盖上, 端盖为独立式端盖, 或为支架的端盖, 端盖与控制腔螺紋连接。
所述的堵塞件的堵塞头为顶部带圓平面或圓锥面或半球面的圓柱形, 堵塞件上的导压孔为设于堵塞头上或堵塞头和堵塞杆上的通孔, 堵塞件上 设有密封件, 或者在堵塞件和控制腔上设有密封件, 或者在堵塞件和端盖 上设有密封件, 使进口腔和塞杆腔与出口腔和大气密封隔离。
所述的中高压水系自动灭火系统是指管网和喷洒装置阀体的工作压力 大于 1.21MPa所述高压是大于 3.5MPa 。
阀体可为一体式阀体或分拆组合式阀体, 分拆组合式阀体设有外套体 和中间体, 外套体套接在设有进口腔的中间体和端盖上, 中间体与外套体 之间形成环形腔, 中间体与端盖之间形成控制腔, 环形腔围在控制腔的外 周, 环形腔与出口腔连通。
控制腔内最好设有弹簧, 弹簧一端与端盖接触, 弹簧另一端与堵塞件 接触, 弹簧的作用是当系统失压时可及时推动堵塞件复位, 关闭常闭阀使 其不泄漏。
热敏机构可为单独的热敏元件, 或是具有快速响应功能的带热敏元件 作辅助支撑的支撑杆组件。
热敏元件上最好设有快速响应热敏线, 快速响应热敏线的一端与热敏 元件连接, 另一端为外引端。
所述出口腔与喷雾嘴连通为直接连通或通过连接件连通, 所述连接件 为输流管、 轴承和旋转接头中的 1种或 2种的组合。
喷雾嘴按运动方式划分, 所述的出口腔连通的喷雾嘴可为固定式喷雾 嘴或旋转式喷雾嘴; 喷雾嘴按喷流状态划分, 所述的出口腔连通的喷雾嘴 可为细水雾喷雾嘴、 气水雾喷雾嘴、 水喷雾喷雾嘴、 泡沫喷雾喷雾嘴。
所述的出口腔连通的喷雾嘴为泡沫喷雾喷雾嘴, 泡沫喷雾喷雾嘴可为 单纯的雾化喷嘴或在喷嘴出口参气的泡沫喷雾头; 出口参气的泡沫喷雾头 设有喷头座、 带聚集射流喷雾嘴的喷头体、 喷头罩, 聚集射流喷雾嘴与喷 头罩形成文丘里式参气喷雾结构, 喷头罩设有连接螺紋及多孔吸气室、 收 缩导入口、 混合管和扩散管; 扩散管上还可加设二次吸气孔或 /和细泡网。
喷雾嘴按雾化芯结构划分, 所述的出口腔连通的喷雾嘴为向心旋流雾 化芯喷雾嘴、 双旋流双雾化芯喷雾嘴、 弹簧锥塞雾化芯喷雾嘴、 互击流或 转子互击流雾化芯喷雾嘴或其它类细水雾化芯喷雾嘴; 互击流雾化芯喷雾 嘴设有喷头座和喷头体, 喷头体上设有多组互击流孔, 各互击流孔的轴线 互相交汇或成组交汇, 转子互击流雾化芯喷雾嘴是轴线互相交汇的互击流 孔内设有转子。 本发明所述的细水雾是指雾滴的累积体积百分比 DV0.99小 于 ΙΟΟΟμπι的水液雾。 所述的喷雾装置的使用方法包括通常的独立使用法、 一个常闭阀连带 开式喷雾嘴的扩展使用法和至少 2个常闭阀的交连组合使用的 3种方法:
1、通常的独立使用法是将每套闭式喷雾装置的进口腔接在灭火系统管 网的一条支管末端上,各闭式喷雾装置的出口腔直接连通喷雾嘴或喷雾头。
2、一个常闭阀连带开式喷雾嘴的扩展使用法是将每个常闭阀的进口腔 接在灭火系统管网的一条支管末端上, 将单个常闭阀的部分出口腔经管路 连接喷雾嘴或喷雾头, 而其余出口腔直接连接喷雾嘴。 此种用法可扩大单 个闭式喷雾装置的保护范围,如把带热敏机构的喷雾装置设于危险监控处, 再从该喷雾装置的常闭阀部分出口腔用管路连接就近门窗处设置的开式细 水雾喷雾嘴或喷雾头, (因为能引发热热敏机构动作的火灾热气流到达门 窗处一般滞后, 使此处设的闭式喷头装置不能及时响应)这对起火时及时 保护高层建筑的门窗防止轰燃和利于逃生艮有用。
3、 至少 2个常闭阀的交连组合使用法是将每个常闭阀的进口腔接在灭 火系统管网的一条支管末端上, 将至少 2个常闭阀的各自 1个出口腔用管道 相互连通, 而各常闭阀的其余出口腔则直接连接喷雾嘴, 或者各常闭阀的 其余多数出口腔直接连接喷雾嘴、 少数出口腔通过管路互相连接, 此种经 管路连通的每个闭式喷雾装置常闭阀的热敏机构都能控制相互连通常闭阀 的所有喷雾嘴。此种用法不同于开式灭火系统的全空间所有喷头同时喷发, 它只是着火点处最先启动的常闭阀连带周围小范围几个喷雾头或喷雾嘴同 时喷发, 因此在火灾初起就能由最先动作的热敏机构迅速带动着火点周围 几个喷雾头或喷雾嘴同时灭火, 具有能高效早期灭火、 配置灵活、 节水、 降低灭火设备安装容量和节约成本等优点, 可用于细水雾或泡沫喷雾自动 灭火系统, 把某些大范围消防区划成小区域或房间进行分组防护。
本发明提供的喷雾装置的工作过程简介如下:
当监控区域环境超温时, 热敏元件脱落, 常闭阀的堵塞件在流体压力 作用下向后滑动, 使压力流体从常闭阀的进口腔经控制腔进入出口腔, 再 通过喷雾嘴或喷雾头向外喷雾灭火; 灭火完毕, 堵塞件回位, 重新换装上 热敏元件即可等待下一次喷雾。
与现有技术比较, 本发明具有以下突出的优点和显著的效果: 由于本发明的喷雾装置具有前置的热敏机构, 即控制腔位于出口腔的 侧位, 且位于喷洒装置常闭阀出口腔的上游, 常闭阀的热敏机构所设的位 置可完全避开喷雾装置的喷口, 因此不会妨碍喷雾嘴的喷雾, 而且可使喷 雾装置结构易于设置, 可使喷雾装置多样化。 另外, 可利用本发明的结构 特点研发多种新式喷雾装置, 而釆用传统结构研发新式闭式喷雾头已被限 制。 由于本发明可单独使用或灵活组合使用, 可根据需要釆用各种形式的 喷雾嘴,喷雾嘴又可根据需要设在常闭阀的周围或设在离开常闭阀的位置, 常闭阀仍可控制喷雾嘴工作。 尤其可将本发明几个喷雾装置的常闭阀互相 连通,构成小范围的连动喷雾装置,在该小范围内任何 1个常闭阀的热敏机 构动作都可启动整个小范围内的喷雾嘴共同喷雾, 因此能够扩大特定情况 下的喷雾范围和灭火力度, 可使喷雾形式多样化, 适用性强。 又由于常闭 阀设有快速响应的热敏机构, 在热敏机构的热敏元件上还可设有快速响应 热敏线, 因此对火灾的反应能力大为提高, 反应迅捷、 可靠。
在将带减压热敏机构的闭式喷雾装置设在自动灭火系统管网各支路末 端, 它们能感受温度自主选择喷发, 用于喷洒细水雾、 气体细水雾或水喷 雾或泡沫喷雾灭火的中高压闭式灭火系统。 由于带减压热敏机构的闭式喷 雾装置的堵塞件上设有连通进口腔和堵塞杆腔的导压孔, 使堵塞杆腔与进 口腔连通并有相同的流体压强, 因设堵塞头顶面所受向下的流体压力略大 于堵塞头背面所受向上的流体压力, 堵塞头顶面所受流体压力大部分被堵 塞头背面所受的流体压力所抵消, 而在现有技术中热敏机构要承担堵塞头 顶面所受全部流体压力, 因而本发明提供的闭式喷雾装置的热敏机构的受 力大为减少, 从而实现用一般的热敏元件能支撑中高压流体下的堵塞件使 其关闭喷雾装置。 当热敏元件脱落、 堵塞件失去支撑时, 堵塞头顶面与背 面所受流体压力差值使堵塞件下移, 同时把堵塞杆腔内的流体挤入堵塞头 顶面的控制腔,增加了推动堵塞件下移的流量,从而推动堵塞件加速下移, 加速打开控制腔的通道, 使进口腔内的流体快速进入出口腔进行喷发。 由 于本发明的导压孔结构不仅大大减小热敏机构的受力, 有效地为支撑堵塞 件的热敏元件减压, 实现用较细的低强度的热敏元件来支撑和控制高压常 闭阀开闭; 因而还能从两个方面改善本发明闭式喷雾装置的响应能力, 即 一方面使用较细的低强度的热敏元件达到相同设定温度的启动时间短, 另 一方面堵塞件又可加速开启闭式喷雾装置的速度。 由此可见, 本发明提供 的带减压热敏机构的闭式喷雾装置特别适合中高压水系闭式自动灭火系 统中的大口径热敏常闭阀上, 以便为其需要强力支撑才能阻断较大面积通 路的热敏元件减压。
本发明突破了闭式喷洒装置传统的结构模式, 解决了现有热敏机构会 妨碍喷嘴喷雾的难题, 本发明的控制腔设于阀体的各出口腔的侧位方案, 为拓展闭式喷雾装置的功能、 提高喷雾质量开辟了广阔空间。 为了进一步 提高迅速开启闭式喷雾装置的能力, 本发明设计和给出了快速响应热敏机 构。 为了提高灭火能力, 本发明的闭式喷雾装置给出了带有多个出口腔的 新型闭式阀体和混合配置的喷雾结构, 以及能适应多种火灾类型的新式雾 化喷嘴。 为了扩大防护范围, 本发明给出了几个闭式喷雾装置的组合使用 新方法。 因此本发明具有支架不妨碍喷嘴喷雾、 喷雾细、 流量大、 效果好、 喷雾形式和空间分布多样化、 消防范围能适当灵活组合、 能快速响应、 适 用面广、 可适用于高、 中、 低压各种工况等突出优点和效果。 本发明还给 出了旋转喷雾和泡沫喷雾的热敏闭式装置及局部闭式喷雾系统等前所末有 的技术方案。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图 1为本发明带前置热敏机构的喷雾装置实施例 1的结构分解示意图。 图 2为本发明带前置热敏机构的喷雾装置实施例 2的结构示意图。
图 3为本发明带前置热敏机构的喷雾装置实施例 3的结构示意图。
图 4为本发明带前置热敏机构的喷雾装置实施例 4的结构分解示意图。 图 5为本发明带前置热敏机构的喷雾装置实施例 5的结构分解示意图。 图 6为图 5中的 D向视图。
图 7为本发明带前置热敏机构的喷雾装置实施例 6的结构分解示意图。 图 8为图 7中 B-B剖视图及喷射示意图。 图 9本发明本发明带前置热敏机构的喷雾装置实施例 7的结构分解示 意图, 该图示出了带前置热敏机构的喷雾装置的常闭阀组合使用的结构示 意图。
图 10为气水雾喷雾头的结构示意图。
图 11为细水雾喷雾头的结构示意图。
图 12为向心旋流雾化芯喷雾嘴结构示意图。
图 13为图 12中的 K-K剖视图。
图 14为双旋流雾化芯喷雾嘴结构示意图。
图 15为转子互击流雾化芯喷雾嘴结构示意图。
图 16为带弹簧锥塞的雾化芯喷雾嘴结构示意图。
图 17为图 9的 F-F剖视示意图。
图 18为水喷雾喷雾头结构示意图。
图 19为泡沫喷雾喷雾头结构示意图。
图 20为大水滴喷头结构示意图。
具体实施方式
应当说明的是: 本部分中, 喷雾头可以具有喷雾嘴, 且设置喷雾头的 位置也可以设置喷雾嘴; 因此, 为了描述的简便, 不再对喷雾头和喷雾嘴 分别说明。
实施例 1
参见图 1 , 本发明中, 实施例一提供的喷雾装置包括常闭阀 R1和喷雾 头 3a, 常闭阀 R1设有阀体 1、 热敏机构、 支架 7和堵塞件 9, 常闭阀 R1 的出口腔 6与喷雾头 3a直接通过螺紋连接。
阀体 1上设有进口腔 4、 控制腔 5和出口腔 6, 控制腔 5设于进口腔 4 与出口腔 6之间, 控制腔 5位于出口腔 6侧位, 即控制腔 5的轴心线与出 口腔 6的轴心线形成夹角 (夹角可为小于、 等于或大于 90度)。 热敏机构 为单独的热敏元件 2 ,热敏元件 2为热敏玻璃泡(也可为易熔合金组件等 ), 热敏元件 2露于大气中。 控制腔 5的外端口设有端盖 7.1 , 端盖 7.1与阀体 1的控制腔 5的外端口通过螺紋固连。端盖 7.1设有中心孔 7.2和密封件 7.6。 支架 7固连在端盖 7.1上。 堵塞件 9呈活塞形, 堵塞件 9设于控制腔 5内, 堵塞件 9的头部设有密封件 9.1 ,堵塞件 9的头部压堵在进口腔 4与控制腔 5连通处, 堵塞件 9的尾部位于端盖 7.1的中心孔 7.2中, 堵塞件 9尾端上 设有小气孔 9.3 , 小气孔 9.3使堵塞件 9滑动时更顺畅。 热敏元件 2的一端 支撑在支架 7上, 热敏元件 2的另一端压抵在堵塞件 9上。喷雾头 3a为固 定式泡沫喷雾头(也可釆用其它固定式喷雾头、旋转式喷雾头替换), 它设 有中间大孔、 多个错位小孔 03al和多个泡沫雾化参气孔 03a0。 中间大孔 和各错位小孔 03al构成组合喷雾口, 各错位孔 03al按圓周均布; 各泡沫 雾化参气孔 03a0按圓周均布且与大气相通。实际应用时可根据需要设计错 位孔的数量和泡沫雾化参气孔的数量。
本实施例给出的带前置热敏机构的喷雾装置可称为闭式泡沫喷雾头。 根据需要在喷雾头进口处可设有过滤器(图中未画出 ), 阀体 1的进口腔 4 也可根据需要设过滤器 (图中未画出)。
其工作原理是: 当监控区域环境超温时, 热敏元件 2脱落, 常闭阀 R1 的堵塞件 9在流体压力作用下向后滑动, 使压力流体从常闭阀 R1的进口 腔 4经控制腔 5进入出口腔 6, 再进入喷雾头 3a, 从喷雾头 3a喷雾出来, 以实现灭火; 喷雾完毕后, 人工使堵塞件回位, 并重新装上新热敏元件 2 即可等待下一次喷雾。
实施例 2
参见图 2, 本实施例提供的喷雾装置包括常闭阀 R1和喷雾头, 本例中 喷雾头可以为喷雾头 P或雾化芯喷雾嘴 常闭阀 R1包括阀体 1、 堵塞件 200、 热敏机构 (为单独的热敏元件 2 )和支架 7。 阀体 1设有进口腔 4、 控制腔 5和出口腔 6, 进口腔 4外接压力流体源, 进口腔 4设有过滤器 15 (可根据需要设置),出口腔 6通过螺紋连接连通喷雾头 P或雾化芯喷雾嘴 T。 控制腔 5设于进口腔 4与出口腔 6之间的侧位, 控制腔 5内设堵塞件 200, 由热敏机构支撑的堵塞件 200关闭进口腔 4和控制腔 5与出口腔 6 构成的流体通道, 当热敏元件引起堵塞件 200动作时, 流体最后从喷雾头 Ρ或喷雾嘴 Τ成雾喷出。控制腔 5外端口螺紋连接带中心孔 7.2的端盖 7.1 , 堵塞件 200可滑动地设于控制腔 5内, 堵塞件 200设有堵塞头 210和堵塞 杆 220, 堵塞头 210压 ·ί氏在进口腔 4与控制腔 5的连通处, 堵塞杆 220位 于端盖 7.1的中心孔 7.2中, 且与中心孔 7.2滑动密封配合, 堵塞杆 220与 控制腔 5的内壁之间形成密闭的堵塞杆腔 121 , 堵塞件 200上设有连通进 口腔 4和控制腔 5的导压孔 230 , 支架 7及热敏元件 2设于控制腔 4外部, 支架 7设于端盖 7.1上,端盖 7.1也为支架 7的基座, 热敏元件 2—端设在 支架 7上, 热敏元件 2的另一端撑压在堵塞杆 220尾部。 堵塞头 210顶面 (即面对进口腔 4的面)所受流体压力的圓形面积(即堵塞头 210顶密封 圈内的圓面积), 大于堵塞头 210背面所受流体压力的圓环形面积(即堵塞 杆腔 121的横截面积 ),堵塞头 210顶面与背面所受流体压力差与热敏元件 2为堵塞件 200提供的支承力平衡, 这样热敏元件 2(此例为热敏玻璃泡)对 堵塞杆 220尾部所施的压紧力大大减小, 有效地为支撑堵塞件 200的热敏 机构减压,从而实现用低强度的热敏元件 2来支撑和控制高压常闭阀开闭, 进行高压喷雾。 由此可见, 本发明实施例可适用于中高压工况。
阀体 1的控制腔 5位于阀体出口腔 6的侧位, 在堵塞头 210上设有堵 塞头套 240和密封圈 250和 260, 在端盖 7.1上设有密封圈 7.6。
热敏元件 2上设有快速响应热敏线 35 , 快速响应热敏线 35的一端与 热敏元件 2连接, 快速响应热敏线 35的另一端为离开阀体 1的外引端。
出口腔 6连接的 Ρ或 Τ可为多种多样, 例如: Ρ可为气水雾喷雾头, Τ可为细水雾雾化芯喷雾嘴, 具体可以是双旋流雾化芯喷雾嘴 Τ3 , 双旋流 雾化芯喷雾嘴 Τ3具体结构请参看图 14及后述描述。 实施例二的工作原理 与实施例一相同,只是实施例二中的热敏元件 2承受较小的作用力, 因此, 可以在高压状况下使用, 以便增强喷雾装置的灭火功能和作用。 本实施例 所用常闭阀阀体为 R1式, 但也可使用 R2或 R3式的或其它形式的阀体, 只要在其控制腔中设带导压通孔的活塞形堵塞件, 就能为支撑该堵塞件的 热敏机构减压。
以下各实施例中, 仅以实施例一的非减压热敏控制为例对各喷雾装置 进行说明, 当然也可以用实施例二中的减压热敏控制结构, 以使喷雾装置 能够应用于高压状况下, 对于釆用实施例二中堵塞件结构的喷雾装置不再 描述。 实施例 3
参见图 3 , 本例与实施例 1类似, 区别在于: 喷雾装置的常闭阀 R2的 阀体 1是个多通体, 阀体 1设有 4个出口腔 6 (可根据需要设置出口腔 6 的数量), 进口腔 4与出口腔 6垂直, 控制腔 5设在出口腔 6的侧位。 进口 腔 4中设有过滤器 15 (可根据需要设置)。堵塞件 9与端盖 7.1之间设有弹 簧 10, 弹簧 10—端与端盖 7.1接触, 弹簧 10的另一端与堵塞件 9接触, 弹簧 10有助于堵塞件 9的压紧及复位。阀体 1下部的 1个出口腔 6直接连 接 1个喷雾头 3C' ( 喷头 3C'是细水雾边墙喷雾头, 也可为其它种类的 喷雾头 ), 其它出口腔 6通过输流管 40连接固定喷雾头 3X或旋转喷雾头 3XX, 常闭阀 R2的热敏机构为单独的热敏元件 2 , 热敏元件 2上设有快速 响应热敏线 35 , 快速响应热敏线 35可为快速导热导燃线(也可为热激波 管、或微爆导爆管等)。快速响应热敏线 35的一端通过管夹 42与热敏元件 2连接,另一端为外引端。本例中,一个热敏元件 2可以控制多个出口腔 6, 进而控制多个喷雾嘴喷雾。
实施例 4
参见图 4,本例提供的喷雾装置的常闭阀 R3的阀体 1是分拆式组合阀 体,阀体 1包括外套体 12、中间体 11和端盖 7.1 ,中间体 11设有进口腔 4 , 中间体 11和端盖 7.1间形成控制腔 5; 外套体 12套接在中间体 11和端盖 7.1上。 中间体 11与外套体 12之间形成环形腔 6.1 , 环形腔 6.1围在控制 腔 5外周。 支架 7支撑热敏元件 2, 热敏元件 2与弹簧 10共同压抵堵塞件 9,堵封住进口腔 4到控制腔 5的通路。在外套体 12和中间体 11上设孔槽, 孔槽使控制腔 5及环形腔 6.1与设在外套体 12周围的每个出口腔 6连通, 外套体 12上部各出口腔 6分别通过输流管 40连接固定喷雾头 3X或旋转 雾喷头 3XX, 外套体 12下部的各出口腔 6分别设有喷雾嘴 07 , 喷雾嘴 07 是旋流雾化芯喷雾嘴 (也可根据需要釆用其它种类的喷雾嘴 )。本实施例控 制腔 5也是设在各个出口腔 6的侧位, 即控制腔 5的轴心线与出口腔 6的 轴心线形成夹角 (夹角可为小于、 等于或大于 90度)。 本实施例图 4中的 其余标号与实施例 1对应一致。 本例提供的喷雾装置中, 也可以用一个热 敏元件 2控制多个出口腔 6出水, 进而使多个喷雾嘴同时喷雾。 实施例 5
参见图 5和图 6 , 图 6为图 5中的 D向视图。 本例与实施例 1类似。 主要区别在于: 喷雾装置的常闭阀 R1的入口腔 4设过滤器 15; 控制腔 5 内的堵塞件 9与端盖 7.1之间设有弹簧 10; 常闭阀 R1出口腔经接头 37和 通体 38与输流管 (图中未画出)连接, 然后再接喷头 (图中未画出)。 热 敏机构由支撑杆 7.4、 热敏元件 2和它们的共同底板 7.3组成, 热敏元件 2 支持支撑杆 7.4, 两者共同架在底板 7.3上; 支架 7通过螺钉 7.5支抵底板 7.3。 支撑杆 7.4的一端压抵堵塞件 9的尾端, 并形成平衡, 使支撑杆 7.4、 热敏元件 2的底板 7.3保持不动。 热敏元件 2和支撑杆 7.4分别与支架 7 的中心线之间具有夹角 β(20~45度)和 α(4~10度); 支架 7固连在端盖 7.1。
该实施例的工作原理是: 当监控区域环境超温时, 热敏元件 2脱落, 支撑杆 7.4平衡被打破,常闭阀 R1的堵塞件 9在流体压力作用下向后滑动, 使压力流体从常闭阀 R1的进口腔 4经控制腔 5进入出口腔 6, 再经接头 37和通体 38与输流管, 连接近处的喷雾头。
由于热敏元件 2所承担的支撑力只有支撑杆 7.4承担的支撑力的一小 部分, 因而热敏元件 2可以选得更细小, 其热响应时间可大为缩短、 喷洒 启动更快, 因此, 该热敏机构可以称为快速响应热敏机构, 本发明的其他 实施例也可以应用快速响应热敏机构控制常闭阀的开闭。 图 5中的其余标 号与实施例 1对应一致。
本实施例的常闭阀 R1也可倒立设置, 即进口腔 4朝下接入消防管网, 出口腔 6向上引出接头管件再接相应的喷雾头。
实施例 6
参见图 7和图 8, 实施例 6与实施例 1类似, 其与实施例 1的区别在 于: 喷雾装置常闭阀 R1的入口腔 4设过滤器 15 , 控制腔 5内的堵塞件 9 与端盖 7.1之间设有弹簧 10, 弹簧 10—端与端盖 7.1接触, 弹簧 10的另 一端与堵塞件 9接触。 支架 7上的热敏元件 2釆用热敏玻璃泡, 常闭阀 R1 出口腔 6通过旋转接头 J1与喷射推进式细水雾旋喷雾头 3ΧΧ连接, 也可 根据需要釆用其它旋转喷洒式喷雾头。 如图 8所示, 图 8示出了喷雾口的 喷射状态, 细水雾旋喷雾头 3ΧΧ设有十字形喷头体, 喷头体上设有偏心喷 雾口 24、非偏心喷雾口 26及喷雾口 25 ,偏心喷雾口 24对转轴设有偏心距, 偏心喷雾口 24的喷射反力对转轴形成转矩推动喷雾头旋转, 喷雾口 25和 非偏心喷雾口 26可使喷雾布洒更均。
本实施例给出的喷雾装置是旋转式喷雾装置, 可简称为喷射推进式旋 喷雾头, 本发明的喷雾装置也可用其它的流体动力方式构成多种闭式旋转 喷雾装置。 当然, 旋转式喷雾头也可以应用于本发明中其他实施例中。
实施例 7
参见图 9, 本例中提供的喷雾装置包括常闭阀 R2和常闭阀 R3 , 两个 常闭阀组合使用, 将喷雾装置常闭阀的入口腔接于自动灭火管网未端。 常 闭阀 R2与实施例 3提供的喷雾装置的常闭阀相同、 常闭阀 R3与实施例 4 提供的喷雾装置常闭阀相同, 并在实施例 4的基础上, 将热敏机构换为实 施例五中的快速响应热敏机构。 在一个消防小区内定位安装上述喷雾装置 的常闭阀 R2和常闭阀 R3 ,并使它们的进口腔 4分别各自连接一条输入管, 把常闭阀 R2的 1个出口腔用 1条管路 40与常闭阀 R3的 1个出口腔 6连 接,常闭阀 R2的其它出口腔分别用管路连接细水雾边墙喷雾头 3C'和细水 雾喷雾头 3C, R3上部的其它出口腔也用各自的管路连接 1个细水雾喷雾 头 3C, 喷雾头 3C和 3C'设在离开常闭阀 R2和常闭阀 R3的周围附近, R3 下部锥体四周的出口腔直接设有旋流雾化芯喷雾嘴 07 (也可为其它雾化芯 喷雾嘴 )。 本例中提供的喷雾装置无论那一个热敏机构的热敏元件先动作, 都可将与常闭阀 R2和常闭阀 R3相连通的各喷雾嘴都打开,从而使多个喷 雾嘴受最近火源的常闭阀控制同时启动喷发, 提高了早期灭火能力。 头, 强化消防系统的灭火能力。具有组合常闭阀的喷雾装置可以多于两个, 它们位于同一消防分割区的小范围内, 但组合使用时, 常闭阀的通道、 连 接管的供水量应能满足所连所有喷雾头和喷雾嘴需水总量的要求 (比如用 Γ常闭阀接 1/2"管路喷头等), 因此所连喷雾头和喷雾嘴不宜过多过远, 这特别适合单个喷雾头用水量很少的细水雾灭火系统的某些需要分组分小 区启动灭火的场所使用。 以上给出了 7个实施例, 各实施例都有相应的附图, 附图中所画出的 喷雾头或喷雾嘴用于本发明, 本发明可用的喷雾头或喷雾嘴可多种多样, 不受附图中所画喷雾头或喷雾嘴的限制。 下面再给出几种可与上述实施例 中的常闭阀配合使用的固定式喷雾头或喷雾嘴。
参见图 10, 喷头 P1为气水雾喷雾头, 气水雾喷雾头设有喷头座 01和 喷头体 011 , 喷头体 011上设多组对称的互击流孔 012, 对各互击流孔 012 的出口两两互击并交汇于喷头中心喷孔 013。 设有多组互击流孔 012的喷 头体 011 , 也可单独作为互击流气水雾化芯喷雾嘴使用, 即把喷头体 011 直接装在本发明喷雾装置的出口腔上。喷头 P1输入的是气水混合物,输出 的是超细气水雾。
参见图 11 , P2为细水雾喷雾头, 喷头座入口设过滤器 15 , 喷头座四 周壁上设细水雾化芯喷雾嘴; 其中, 细水雾化芯喷雾嘴可有多种选择, 可 以是图 12和图 13示出的向心旋流雾化芯喷雾嘴, 图 13为图 12中的 K— K剖视图; 该雾化芯喷雾嘴由外周设螺紋、 中心设喷孔的喷嘴座和向心旋 流芯组成; 向心旋流芯的底园台插装在喷嘴座上, 向心旋流芯的底园台中 心孔外周设 2 ~ 3个向心导流槽,导流槽与底园台中心孔外周大体相切,底 园台中心孔与喷嘴座的喷孔同径相通。还可以是图 14所示的双旋流雾化芯 喷雾嘴, 双旋流双喷口雾化芯喷雾嘴由喷嘴座 091、 旋流套 092、 旋流芯 093组装而成; 在旋流套 092的大端外圓柱面设多条斜旋流槽 095 ,在旋流 套 092的圓孔下部的倒圓锥形腔底部设旋流套喷孔 096 , 在旋流芯 093的 底部柱锥面上设斜槽 094, 旋流套 092的大端柱面套装在喷嘴座 091的上 部圓孔内,喷嘴座 091下部设有带中心喷口 099的弧面或锥面的喷嘴座腔, 在喷嘴座腔与旋流套之间形成近似漏斗形的外旋流腔 097 , 在旋流套 092 与旋流芯 093之间形成内旋流腔 098; 旋流套喷孔 096位于喷嘴座 091中 心喷口 099的中心上, 喷嘴座 091中心喷口 099同心串连或并联, 形成双 旋流双喷口雾化芯喷雾嘴, 喷嘴座 091用螺紋旋接在有输入孔 090的喷头 孔腔内。还可以是图 15所示的转子互击流雾化芯喷雾嘴,该转子互击流雾 化芯喷嘴的雾化芯座外周设螺紋, 内设有不少于 2个带收缩喷口的圓孔, 圓孔内置带导流槽的可转动小圓柱, 导流槽是螺旋槽或斜紋槽; 各圓孔及 收缩喷口轴线相交,形成互击流雾化芯喷雾嘴。还可以是图 16所示的喷雾 嘴, 参见图 16和 17 , 所示的喷雾嘴为带弹簧锥塞的雾化芯喷雾嘴, 喷嘴 座 031的台阶形圓孔接倒圓锥形孔腔 037 , 倒圓锥形孔腔 037底部中央设 喷嘴座中心喷口 039, 旋流套 032固装在喷嘴座 031的台阶形圓孔内, 旋 流套 032的环形壁上设 2-4条切向旋流槽 035 , 旋流套 032中央设柱锥形 孔腔 038和内喷孔 036, 柱锥形孔腔 038顶部由带通孔的端盖 030封死, 柱锥形孔腔 038内设由弹簧压 0300压紧的台阶形中心圓柱 033 , 台阶形中 心圓柱 033的短锥塞上设 2~3个斜口,内喷孔 036位于喷嘴座中心喷口 039 的中心线上, 两者同心串连或并联, 形成外旋流带弹簧锥塞的雾化芯喷雾 嘴, 喷嘴座用螺紋旋接在喷头孔腔内。
参见图 18, P3为水喷雾喷雾头,这是一类常用的空心锥螺旋形喷雾头, 改变壁厚、 牙形可改变喷雾滴的大小。
参见图 19 , 喷头 P4为泡沫雾喷雾头, 泡沫雾喷雾头由喷头座 02、 喷头 体 021及喷头罩 023组成; 喷头体 021的斜交孔 025的出口形成聚集射流喷口 022; 或者喷头体 021内设带转子雾化芯 024的转子孔及其缩口斜交孔 025 , 转子雾化芯 024的出口形成聚集射流喷口 022; 聚集射流喷口 022与喷头罩 023形成文丘里式参气泡沫喷雾喷射结构, 喷头座 02与喷头罩 023螺紋连接 并把喷头体 021夹在中间, 喷头罩 023壁上设上下两圈吸气孔, 喷头罩 023 内腔形成多孔吸气室、 混合管和扩散管。 扩散管上还可增设二次吸气孔或 / 和细泡网。
参见图 15、 19,若去掉上述带转子雾化芯的泡沫雾喷雾头的喷头罩 023 , 并把喷头体 021外周设螺紋与喷头座 02匹配连接可成为带转子雾化芯的细 水雾喷雾头; 若去掉带转子雾化芯的泡沫雾喷雾头的喷头罩 023和喷头座 02, 并在喷头体 021外周设螺紋, 可成为带转子雾化芯的细水雾喷雾嘴; 上 述带转子雾化芯的细水雾喷雾头的喷头体 021内设转子孔,每个转子孔内设 转子雾化芯 024, 转子孔设有收缩喷孔 025 , 各转子孔的轴线可以倾斜、 平 行或互相斜交叉。
参见图 20, P5为大水滴喷头, 大水滴喷头 3f设有大孔槽, 大孔槽的位 置和数量可根据实际需要进行设置。 上述实施例表明: 本发明中, 喷雾装置常闭阀的出口腔可直接或经管 路连接上述各种喷雾嘴或喷雾头, 连接不同的喷雾头可形成不同类型的喷 雾装置。 如:
当常闭阀出口腔连接固定泡沫或泡沫雾喷雾嘴或喷雾头时, 本发明的 喷雾装置成为闭式泡沫喷洒装置或闭式泡沫喷雾喷雾装置。
当常闭阀出口腔连接固定气水雾或细水雾喷雾嘴或喷雾头时, 本发明 的喷雾装置成为闭式气水雾或细水雾喷雾装置。
当常闭阀出口腔连接固定水喷雾喷雾头或大水滴喷头时本发明的喷雾 装置成为闭式水喷雾装置或大水滴闭式喷洒装置。
当常闭阀出口腔连接的喷雾头为各种喷流的旋转喷雾头时本发明的喷 雾装置成为对应该种喷流方式的闭式旋转喷雾装置。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种喷雾装置, 包括常闭阀和喷雾嘴, 所述常闭阀包括阀体、 堵塞 件、 热敏机构、 支架, 所述阀体设有进口腔和至少 1个出口腔, 所述进口腔 外接压力流源,所述热敏机构至少包括热敏元件,所述支架固连在阀体上; 所述常闭阀的出口腔与喷雾嘴相通,其特征在于,所述阀体还设有控制腔, 所述控制腔位于出口腔侧位, 并连通所述进口腔和出口腔; 所述控制腔内 设有可移动的堵塞件,所述堵塞件位于所述进口腔与出口腔之间的连通处, 并将所述进口腔与出口腔密封隔离; 所述热敏机构外端支承在支架上, 内 端压 ·ί氏在堵塞件上。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 所述阀体包括外套 体和中间体, 所述外套体套接在所述中间体外, 所述外套体与中间体之间 形成环形腔; 所述进口腔和控制腔位于中间体上, 所述出口腔位于外套体 上, 所述环形腔连通所述出口腔和控制腔。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 所述控制腔内设有 弹簧, 所述弹簧一端支撑在阃体上, 另一端支撑在堵塞件上。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 所述热敏机构还包 括支撑杆和底板, 所述热敏元件一端支撑在支撑杆的内端内, 所述支撑杆 的内端外压 ·ί氏在所述堵塞件上, 所述支撑杆的外端与所述热敏元件的另一 端共同支撑于底板, 所述底板支撑在支架上。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 所述热敏机构设有 快速响应热敏线, 所述快速响应热敏线的一端与所述热敏机构的热敏元件 相连。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 所述堵塞件上、 或 堵塞件和控制腔的外端孔上设密封件。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 所述喷雾嘴设于所 述出口腔内, 或者设于与所述出口腔连通的喷雾头上, 或者设于所述出口 腔上和通过管路连通的喷雾头上。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 至少包括两个所述 常闭阀, 所述各常闭阀的部分出口腔之间通过管路连通。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 所述喷雾嘴包括水 雾、 细水雾喷雾嘴, 或气水雾、 泡沫雾喷雾嘴, 或旋转喷雾头的喷雾嘴。
10、根据权利要求 1所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 所述喷雾嘴内设有 旋流雾化芯或双旋流雾化芯或转子雾化芯或互击流雾化芯。
11、根据权利要求 1所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 所述喷雾嘴为互击 流雾化芯喷雾嘴或互击流泡沫喷雾雾嘴; 所述喷雾嘴内设互击流雾化芯, 所述互击流雾化芯包括至少二个具有收缩喷口的圓孔, 所述两个圓孔的收 缩喷口的轴线相交叉; 所述圓孔内设具有导流槽的旋流子, 所述导流槽为 螺旋槽或斜紋槽; 所述互击流雾化芯的喷口周围设有吸气混气罩。
12、 根据权利要求 1-11任一项所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于, 堵塞件 包括相对固定的堵塞头和堵塞杆; 所述堵塞杆与所述控制腔的外端孔密封 配合, 使所述控制腔与大气之间密封隔离, 并在所述控制腔的壁与所述堵 塞杆的表面之间形成堵塞杆腔; 所述堵塞头位于所述进口腔与出口腔之间 的连通处, 并使所述堵塞杆腔与出口腔密封隔离; 所述堵塞件上设有连通 进口腔和堵塞杆腔的导压孔; 所述堵塞头顶面承受进口腔流体压力的面积 大于堵塞头背面承受堵塞杆腔流体压力的面积。
PCT/CN2009/072734 2008-07-12 2009-07-13 一种喷雾装置 WO2010006542A1 (zh)

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