WO2011044732A1 - 旋转环缝喷雾嘴及其喷雾装置 - Google Patents

旋转环缝喷雾嘴及其喷雾装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011044732A1
WO2011044732A1 PCT/CN2009/074480 CN2009074480W WO2011044732A1 WO 2011044732 A1 WO2011044732 A1 WO 2011044732A1 CN 2009074480 W CN2009074480 W CN 2009074480W WO 2011044732 A1 WO2011044732 A1 WO 2011044732A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
core
nozzle
spray
cavity
hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/074480
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩铁夫
Original Assignee
Han Tiefu
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Han Tiefu filed Critical Han Tiefu
Priority to PCT/CN2009/074480 priority Critical patent/WO2011044732A1/zh
Priority to US13/395,150 priority patent/US20120168538A1/en
Publication of WO2011044732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011044732A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • B05B3/06Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet by jet reaction, i.e. creating a spinning torque due to a tangential component of the jet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/06Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in annular, tubular or hollow conical form
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • B05B3/0409Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements
    • B05B3/0418Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements comprising a liquid driven rotor, e.g. a turbine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • B05B3/0409Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements
    • B05B3/0463Rotor nozzles, i.e. nozzles consisting of an element having an upstream part rotated by the liquid flow, and a downstream part connected to the apparatus by a universal joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/10Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B3/1035Driving means; Parts thereof, e.g. turbine, shaft, bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spray device, and more particularly to a rotary ring spray nozzle capable of controlling spray fineness and a spray device thereof, and belongs to the field of fire fighting and spraying.
  • the nozzle is a key component of the spray, and the spray quality has a major impact on the performance of water mist, wet dust, spray drying and liquid fuel combustion.
  • the nozzles generally have small round nozzles. Now some small round nozzles are atomized by the swirling flow generated by the rotor core, such as the pressure fog given in Chinese patents 01253101. 4 and 200380103103. Small round hole nozzles, such nozzles do not control the spray fineness very well and the orifices are small and cannot be made large. Because when the other nozzle parameters are constant, the droplet size will increase rapidly as the diameter of the nozzle increases, which will make the spray quality degenerate. This means that the finer the round hole is, the smaller the spray is. However, the flow rate and the square of the spray are squared. In proportion, the small flow rate at the same pressure is small, which often makes the spray concentration and density less than required.
  • Chinese patent 200410012959. 3 gives a double-layer nozzle, which can increase the spray flow rate, and can overcome the defects of small spray holes to a certain extent, but in order to obtain a uniform refining spray, the fixed annular gap of the double-layer nozzle is It must be made small and uniform.
  • Such fixed double-layer nozzles have high mutual centering and neutrality requirements, are difficult to prepare and easy to block thiophene, thus increasing the system's difficulty and manufacturing and use costs.
  • the existing nozzle spray fineness is not uniform.
  • the spray droplet diameter is difficult to control and the existing single nozzles cannot, in particular, simultaneously achieve both fine atomization and high flow spray.
  • the fine water mist nozzles for fire protection it is also required to have a small volume and a simple structure to work reliably.
  • the existing fire nozzles are difficult to meet the above comprehensive requirements, especially the contradiction between the spray flow and the fine atomization of the medium and low pressure nozzles is more difficult to balance.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings and problems, and to provide a rotary ring-slot spray nozzle which can be uniformly atomized and sprayed at a large flow rate, and a rotary ring seam which is provided with several different structural forms to meet different needs. Spray nozzle.
  • the present invention also provides a spray device in combination with a rotary ring slit spray nozzle, so as to accommodate more The spray process requires enhanced spray performance such as rapid ultra-fine atomization evaporation of the spray device.
  • the present invention is a rotating annular seam spray nozzle, which comprises a core seat, a rotary core and a rotating annular seam nozzle; the core seat is provided with a core cavity, and the core seat is provided with a core cavity An inlet and an outlet, the core inlet is connected to the pressure flow source; the core is sleeved in the core cavity and the two are concentric and mutually rotatable, and a swirling flow path is arranged on the core or the core cavity wall
  • the swirling flow force of the swirling flow channel rotates the core and the core cavity; the core head of the core end penetrates into the core cavity outlet hole and a rotating annular slot is formed between the piercing end and the core cavity outlet hole, and rotates
  • the cross section of the annular nozzle is approximately circular, and the gap of the ring mainly determines the fineness of the spray.
  • the diameter of the ring mainly determines the flow rate of the spray.
  • the gap and diameter of the ring are respectively set to obtain the pressure
  • the axial shape of the rotating annular slot is a short round or tapered tubular ring, and the inlet gap of the annular nozzle Not less than its exit clearance, a nozzle having a minimum annular gap can be provided near the outlet of the annular orifice.
  • the core is a stepped cylinder, and the outer circumferential surface of the core is provided with a slanted or spiral tooth/groove-shaped swirling flow passage, and the front end of the core is contracted into a small conical or small cylindrical core stud.
  • the core post penetrates into the core seat outlet hole and the core seat outlet hole to form the rotating annular slot nozzle, and the front end annular surface of the core serves as a rotation thrust limiting surface to slide with the inner wall of the front end of the core cavity.
  • the core end ring surface can be evenly provided with at least two wedge bevel or wedge ring faces, the wedge face opening angle is 15 degrees, the wedge face opening faces the rotation direction of the core, and the wedge face faces when rotating
  • the core produces buoyancy to reduce friction
  • the core has a central hole communicating with the inlet of the core cavity and extending toward the outlet end of the core, and the outlet end of the core is provided with a radial small hole or a small hole, The center hole of the core is pressed through the small holes to the annular slot to help center the suspension and reduce friction.
  • a short section of annular fine lines is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the core stud or on the wall of the core cavity exit hole to enhance the turbulent fluctuation and fine atomization effect of the rotating liquid film at the spout.
  • the annular nozzle of the spray nozzle is sealed by the outer end of the core, and the inner end of the core is provided with an elastic member capable of pulling or extrapolating the core to make the outer end of the core.
  • the surface or the arc surface rests on the wall of the core cavity outlet hole; the elastic members are elastic gaskets/rings or springs, and their weak elastic force does not hinder the hydraulic swirling of the annular nozzle, and is favorable for atomization.
  • the core seat is a combined type, and a core core cavity of the core seat is provided with a concentric sub-core seat, and a disc-shaped outer peripheral wall of the core seat is provided with a swirling groove/dental swirling flow path, and the core is located
  • the center of the core cavity and the core holder, and the center hole of the top of the core holder is rotated and partially axially restrained, and the stud of the core is concentrically inserted into the shrinking cone exit hole of the core seat to form an inverted conical tube shape. Ring seam spray holes.
  • the core is a composite shape, and the outer core cavity and the inner core cavity communicating with the inlet of the core seat are arranged on the rotary core, and the two cores are concentric, and the outer core cavity wall is provided with an outer swirl flow channel, and the inner core cavity Located in the center of the outer core cavity, the inner core cavity is provided with an inner core member, and the inner nozzle hole wall formed by the inner core cavity is inserted into the center of the outlet hole of the outer core cavity to form a rotating annular seam spray hole with a central spray hole, the core seat or The core seat cover and the swirling passage provided on the wall of the outer core chamber serve as a swirling flow path of the core.
  • the swirling flow passage is disposed on the core or the core seat; the swirling flow passage on the rotary core may be an oblique or spiral groove/teeth/leaf; the swirling flow passage of the core seat is disposed on the core
  • the cavity wall or the core seat is covered with a spiral groove/hole.
  • the spray ring nozzle can be used to control the spray fineness and flow rate separately.
  • the spray average diameter is controlled in the fine scale range: If the spray fineness requires the average drop diameter to be T, set the ring seam The diameter of the hole at the minimum gap of the nozzle is D, and the diameter of the head of the core is d, then (Dd) ⁇ .
  • the value is determined to determine the magnitude of the 0 and d values, where f is a coefficient related to the swirling rate of the rotating annular seam and the eccentricity of the annular seam. 0.3 ⁇ f ⁇ l, ⁇ pressure difference, ⁇ viscosity, D pore size, L ring slit hole length, ⁇ average width.
  • the spraying device of the present invention comprises: a nozzle body and a spray nozzle, the spray nozzle is disposed on the nozzle body, the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle body cavity, the inlet end is connected to the pressure flow source, and the outlet end is connected with the spray nozzle;
  • the spray nozzle contains a rotating ring slit spray nozzle.
  • a spraying device of the present invention the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle body cavity having a central through hole at the end, and the nozzle body is rotatably positioned on the stepped inlet pipe connected to the pressure flow source by the central through hole thereof.
  • a rotating seal is arranged, and a hole/slot is arranged on the wall of the inlet pipe to communicate with the body cavity of the nozzle;
  • the head blocks the lower through hole of the body cavity of the nozzle and is rotated and thrusted for the nozzle body, and a spray nozzle can be arranged in the head;
  • the outer circumference of the body is a cross-shaped superimposed frustoconical or multi-faceted conical body, and the spray nozzles provided on the four sides of the cruciform body in the direction of rotation of the cruciform body generate the same torque; the spray nozzles provided on the nozzle body are all connected with the head body cavity.
  • rotary nozzle spray nozzles are rotary nozzle spray nozzles.
  • a spray device of the present invention comprises: a joint, a nozzle body, a core seat, a core, and a spray head cover; a joint connecting the pressure flow source is screwed to an upper portion of the spray head body, and the spray head body is provided with a core seat and at least A rotating ring-shaped spray nozzle group composed of three cores, at least three core cavities are arranged in the core seat, and each of the core cavities communicates with a joint inlet on the nozzle body, and each of the core cavities can be rotated and positioned a rotating core is formed to form a rotating annular spray nozzle, each spray nozzle outlet is concentrated at the outlet of the core seat for spraying; or a Venturi tubular spray head cover is attached to the core seat outlet, and the peripheral wall of the core seat outlet is installed A plurality of suction holes are arranged, and each of the suction holes communicates with the mixing chamber between the core seat outlet and the nozzle cover, and the spray of each spray nozzle is ventilated through the mixing chamber, and then
  • a spraying device of the present invention comprises: a nozzle body, a core seat, and a core; the core seat is rotatably disposed in the body cavity of the nozzle, and a swirling passage is provided on the body cavity of the nozzle, and the swirling flow through the channel
  • the core seat is driven to rotate, and the outer end of the outer circular surface of the core seat penetrates into the outlet hole of the nozzle body cavity to form a rotating large ring slit spray nozzle, and the spray seat is also provided on the core seat, including a spray nozzle with a rotary core, which constitutes a composite Rotating ring seam spray head, nozzle body cavity Pressure source and each spray nozzle.
  • the invention solves the problem that the nozzle aperture and the flow rate are increased and the atomization degree is not mutually compatible.
  • the present invention proposes a technical solution for spraying with a rotating ring seam.
  • the diameter of the rotating annular seam can be made large and the gap can be small, so that the spray is uniform and the flow area and the spray flow rate are large, which solves the problem that the spray flow rate and the atomization degree cannot be balanced.
  • the existing small round nozzle nozzle lacks a table for atomization, and the aperture of the small round nozzle must be sufficiently small, so that the spray flow rate is severely limited.
  • the cross-sectional area of the annular spout is much larger than that of the small round orifice with the same clearance.
  • the flow rate is almost proportional to the flow cross section. Therefore, under the same clearance and differential pressure, the annular spout spray flow ratio is smaller than that of the small round hole.
  • the spout spray flow is also much larger.
  • the ring gap of the spray fineness and the aperture for determining the flow rate of the present invention can be set independently of each other as needed, so that the spray fineness can be restricted by the flow rate, that is, the ring gap and the droplet size can be small and the ring can be small.
  • the slit diameter and its flow rate can be large.
  • the existing annular liquid film jet mainly relies on the outlet liquid ring and the air friction to generate fluctuations to cause crushing and atomization, and the rotating annular slit nozzle superimposes the rotary centrifugal force filming and high twist pulsation on the annular liquid film breaking mechanism.
  • the atomization factor so its ultra-fine atomization capacity doubles.
  • the rotary ring slot of the present invention not only has a finer spray than the existing small round nozzle, but also has a droplet size controllable and a more uniform distribution.
  • the spray size of the existing small round orifice is difficult to control and the spray droplet size is very uneven.
  • the small atomization uniformity of the nozzle can be greatly increased by using a small gap of the ring slit, and the gap gap is set by setting the gap. The spray droplet size and distribution can be controlled.
  • Rotating ring seam spray nozzle Another excellent table is good dustproof performance. Its nozzle structure is easy to make dustproof The closed type, that is, the spout is normally closed to the outside, so its dustproof performance is good. Even if it is not made of dust-proof type, the rotating ring-slot nozzle can be generally dust-proof, because the rotating ring-slot nozzle is much smaller than the exposed gap of the round-hole spray nozzle of the same-scale cross-sectional area, thus being advantageous for dust prevention.
  • the outstanding progress of the present invention is also to enable the structure of the rotary slit nozzle and the spray device to be diversified and enlarged, thereby providing a suitable diversified spray device for different places.
  • the time required for the droplet to evaporate is almost proportional to the square of its straight through.
  • the large flow of fine spray means the large-scale squared speed of the spray evaporation rate. Therefore, the present invention is used for water mist fire extinguishing, spray drying, spray combustion, and the like. Where rapid evaporation of the spray is required, their gasification speed and work efficiency can be significantly improved.
  • Figure 1--1 is a structural diagram of a hollow column rotor spray nozzle P1;
  • Figure 1--1A is a K-direction view of Figure 1-1;
  • Figure 1--2 shows the structure of the solid column spinner spray nozzle P2
  • Figure 1--2A is a cross-sectional view taken along line 0-0 of Figure 1-2;
  • Figure 1--3 shows the multi-core nozzle M3 of the shared core seat
  • Figure 1--4 shows the structure of the spray nozzle P4 with a combined core seat
  • Figure 1--5 shows the structure of the spray nozzle P5 with composite core
  • Figure 1--6 is a dust-proof spray nozzle with a tapered core head P6 structure
  • Figure 1--7 shows the structure of the dust-proof spray nozzle with curved core studs
  • Figure 1--7A is a cross-sectional view along line T-T of Figure 1-7;
  • Figure 2--1 shows a half-section structure of the full-surface spray head façade
  • Figure 2-1-1A is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2-1 along the C-C direction;
  • Figure 2 - 2 is a top view of Figure 2-1 with partial section
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the spray gun/head structure
  • a rotating annular seam spray nozzle pi includes a core seat 201, a core 104, and a rotary ring slit. 001 and core seat cover 103.
  • the core seat 201 is provided with a core cavity 101, and the core seat 201 is provided with an inlet and an outlet communicating with the core cavity 101, and the inlet of the core seat 201 is connected with a pressure flow source;
  • the core hole 104 of the core seat and the circular hole 102 of the core cover 103 are used for bearing limitation at both ends, and the three are concentric, and the core 104 can be floatingly and rotatably disposed in the stepped circular core cavity 101;
  • the head end of the core large cylinder is contracted into a cone head surface and a small cylinder or small conical column core head 107, and the cone 104 surface of the core 104 is axially thrusted for the core 104 in the shrinking hole step of the core cavity 101;
  • the outer circumference of the stud head 107 can be a
  • the inlet gap of the annular slit is larger than the outlet gap, and the outlet gap is approximately (Dd) I .
  • the core 104 is provided with a central hole 100, and the annular surface of the core head 107 is provided with a symmetrical eccentric inclined hole 106.
  • the inclined surface of the tapered ring is provided with a chute 108, 106 and 108 together to make a swirling flow path, and the core 104 is rotated. Form a rotating ring seam spray nozzle and make a pressure spray.
  • the small cylindrical or small conical column of the core stud 107 is uniformly symmetric with at least two pairs of small holes 105, and the eccentric inclined holes 106 and the small holes 105 are all communicated with the central hole 100, so that the core is centered and reduced with the core 201 friction.
  • the outer circumference of the outlet section of the stem head 107 may also be provided with a short annular fine-grain 010, as shown in FIG. 1-1A, so that the outlet of the annular slit is formed into a circumferential slit having a fine inner circle.
  • 001, or a short segment of the ring-shaped fine core is placed on the wall of the core cavity outlet hole, which can enhance the turbulent fluctuation and fine atomization effect of the rotating liquid film at the nozzle.
  • the axial shape of the rotating annular nozzle is a short round or tapered tubular ring, and a nozzle having a minimum annular gap can be provided near the outlet of the annular nozzle.
  • a solid column core spray nozzle p2 As shown in Figure 1-2, a solid column core spray nozzle p2.
  • a core cavity 123 is disposed in the center of the core block 202, and a spiral rotating core 121 is disposed in the circular hole of the core cavity.
  • the core cavity is a rotation limit of the core and the two are concentric.
  • the front end of the large cylindrical section of the outer core 12 1 is contracted into a small cylindrical or small conical core head 127, and the core stud 127 is located in the inverted conical orifice of the outlet of the core cavity to form a circular slit nozzle 012, and the annular slit 012
  • the inlet gap is larger than the outlet gap, and the outlet of the annular nozzle 012 is the annular nozzle 002, and the outlet of the guide groove 122 is connected to the end ring surface 128 (shown in FIG. 1-2A) where the large cylinder and the core head 127 meet.
  • the slit nozzles 012 are in communication, and the end ring faces 128 are axially positioned on the annular step of the shrinking cavities of the core cavity 123 for the core 121, and the end faces of the cores 121 are uniformly symmetrically provided with a wedge bevel 120, the bevel angle 15 degrees, the bevel opening is oriented toward the rotation direction of the core 121, and the outer circumference of the core 121 is provided with a chute or a spiral groove 122 as a guide groove and provides rotational power.
  • the wedge bevel or the ring wedge bevel 120 can produce the friction reducing force and make a pressure spray from the rotating annular spout 002 Business.
  • a multi-core combination spray nozzle p3 sharing a core seat includes a seat 135, a core seat 20
  • the core seat 203 is screwed onto the base 135.
  • the core seat 203 is provided with at least three outer peripheral core cavities 133, 138 and a central core cavity 139, which are rotatable in the core cavities 133, 138.
  • the stepped cylindrical core 131 has a stepped cylindrical shape with small ends and an annular shoulder at the center, and the central circumferential surface of the rotary core 131 is provided as a swirling flow path.
  • the cylindrical core 111 has a stepped cylindrical shape with two ends small and a two-stage annular shoulder in the middle.
  • the two circular annular circumferential surfaces of the rotary core 111 are respectively provided with spiral grooves 137 as a swirling flow passage, and the front end of the rotary core 111 is contracted.
  • a cylindrical core stud the core stud is inserted into the outlet of the core cavity 138, forming a circumferential joint orifice with an inner annular gap greater than the outer annular gap and a circumferential slit
  • a guide groove 134 communicating with the inlet of the seat body 135 is defined in the inner end surface of the base body 135.
  • the number of the guide groove is equal to the number of the core cavity and is distributed radially at the center.
  • the slot is connected to a core cavity, and the core cavity of the outer periphery of the core seat can be made of the same shape of the core. In this embodiment, different shapes are used, which merely means that various structures can be adopted.
  • the utility model has a short screw-shaped core seat 204, wherein the hollow core cavity 142 is provided with a disk-shaped sub-core seat 146 and a rotary core 105, a core cavity inlet is provided with a cover 144, a cover flow hole 140 is arranged around the cover 144, and a cover flow hole 144 is provided at the bottom of the cover 144.
  • the central blind hole has a built-in core tail post 143 for positioning the rotary core 105 as a rotary bearing and an upward stop.
  • the cylindrical core shaft 145 of the rotary core 105 has a center hole of the disk-shaped secondary core seat 146 as a rotary bearing hole and downward.
  • the flow chamber 149, the outer surface of the core barrel in the swirl chamber 149 may be provided with a length of twill or knurling 148, and the core 105 is provided with a pressureless central blind hole 02 4 to reduce the quality of the core, and the core stud is inserted into the core seat concentrically.
  • an inverted conical tubular annular nozzle hole and a spout 004 are formed, and the pressurized fluid enters the core cavity 142 from the pilot flow hole 140 and then rotates into the swirl chamber 149 through the swirling groove 147, and drives the rotation.
  • the core 105 floats and rotates, so that the pressure fluid is larger from the inner port.
  • the rotary extrusion of the small circular opening of the orifice is sprayed into a mist.
  • a composite core spray nozzle p5 includes a core cover 154, a core seat 205, a core 151, an inner core member 152, and a bearing 158.
  • the core cover 154 is screwed onto the core seat 205 to form a closed core cavity therebetween, and a tangential or oblique through hole 155 is formed in the sidewall of the core cover 154 for the core Swirling in the cavity.
  • the core 151 is a composite member.
  • the core is provided with an outer core cavity and an inner core cavity communicating with the core seat inlet and the core cavity.
  • the two cores are concentric.
  • the center of the annular outer core cavity 156 of the core 151 is provided with a cylindrical cone.
  • the inner core member 152 is fixedly inserted into the upper portion of the inner core cavity 150, and the inner core member 152 is provided with a spiral groove 159.
  • the upper end of the inner core member 152 is a tail post 153, and the tail post 153 is covered with a core seat.
  • the central hole on the inner surface of the inner surface of the 154 is a rotating bearing hole, and the outer port of the annular cavity wall of the core 151 is provided with a bearing 158.
  • the bearing 158 is fixed in the outer annular groove at the bottom of the core seat 205, and the lower circumferential wall of the annular cavity wall of the rotary core 151 At least two swirl grooves 157 are opened, the swirl groove 157 connects the core cavity with the outer core cavity, the lower portion of the inner core cavity 150 is contracted into the inner nozzle 05, and the hole wall of the inner core nozzle 05 is inserted into the inner cavity outlet of the core seat 205.
  • the outer annular spout 005 is formed, and a uniform small hole 032 is formed in the wall of the inner spout 05, and the small hole 032 connects the outer annular spout 005 to the inner spout 05 and is centered.
  • a pressure flow passes through the tangential hole 155 on the side wall of the core seat cover 154, and the tangential or oblique swirl groove 157 on the annular cavity wall of the rotary core 151 swirls through the annular cavity into the outer circumferential slit 005, and the other pressure flow
  • the spiral groove 159 on the inner stem 152 is ejected from the inner nozzle 05 through the inner core cavity 150.
  • the swirling direction of the tangential or oblique through holes 155, the swirl grooves 157 and the spiral grooves 159 all rotate the core 151 in the same direction.
  • the orifice 032 provides a suspension centering pressure for the annular orifice.
  • a dustproof spray nozzle p6 a core core 168 of the core seat 206 is provided with a core core 163 and a core 161, and the cylinder core 164 of the core 161 is turned into a cup.
  • the central hole of the shaped core holder 163 is a rotating bearing hole and a downward stop positioning, and the inverted cup-shaped annular opening of the secondary core seat 163 is supported and fixed on the lower wall of the core seat 206, and the bottom of the core 1 61 is enlarged.
  • the tapered core stud 170 is concentrically matched with the expanded conical outlet hole of the core seat 206 to form a tapered annular slit, and the inner opening of the tapered annular joint has a small outlet.
  • the inner diameter of the inner cone is weakly elastic.
  • the 169 pulls against the inner wall of the expansion cone exit hole of the core seat 206, and blocks the core cavity outlet hole to form a dustproof ring surface 016, so that the ring seam spray nozzle is a self-closing dust spray nozzle.
  • the weak elastic force member 169 may be an elastic washer/ring or spring which is located between the tail fixing nut 160 and the slip ring 162 of the core 161, and the slip ring 162 sleeved on the core shaft 164 is rotatably supported by the auxiliary core seat 163. On the plane of the center hole, it can also be used as a thrust bearing. A bead or rolling bearing replaces the slip ring 162.
  • At least two tangential swirl grooves 167 are arranged around the inverted cup ring wall of the secondary core seat 163, and the middle portion of the column core 161 located in the core cavity 168 may be provided with a twill or knurling to promote the swirling flow.
  • the rotating core is driven to rotate, the rotating core is provided with a central hole 166, and at least four pairs of small holes 165 are arranged around the core head of the inner side of the dustproof ring surface 016, and the pressurized fluid enters the swirling flow from the nozzle body hole through the swirling groove 167.
  • the core cavity 168 rotates and drives the rotary core 161 to float and rotate, so that the pressure fluid can be sprayed and sprayed from the conical annular spout by the anti-dust weak elastic force.
  • the uniformity can be obtained due to the elastic tremor and the rotating ring gap. Ultra-fine spray.
  • another dustproof spray nozzle is provided with a core seat 207.
  • the core seat 207 is screwed and fixed in the nozzle body 172, and the core 171 is rotatably disposed in the core cavity 178.
  • the core cavity 178 is provided with an inlet cover 174, and at least two swirling holes 177 are provided in the wall of the core seat 207 around the stuffing cover 174, and the core cavity exit hole
  • the annular slit 007 is formed by matching the core head of the core 171 therein.
  • the center hole of the core 171 has a weak spring 173 built therein, and the top roller of the weak spring 173 or the stepped column 175 with the hemispherical head is lightly supported on the bottom surface of the suffocating cover 174 for the floating rotation of the core 171, and the core 171 is simultaneously made.
  • the head end face of the core post is formed on the outlet end surface of the core cavity to form a dust-proof surface 017 which is closed to the outside.
  • the weak head of the weak spring 173 blocks the core head outlet hole for dustproof, and the dust-proof surface 017
  • the side wall of the core 171 is symmetrically arranged with a floating pair of small holes 176, which can help the core to suspend the centering.
  • Two cylindrical rotating positioning surfaces can be arranged or discontinuous on the outer circumference of the core 171, and the spiral groove can be arranged thereon. / teeth, when the pressurized fluid enters the core cavity, it will cause the swirling flow pressure and the levitation force, so that the core 171 starts to rotate away from the dustproof surface 017 and is sprayed by the annular spray hole 007 as a rotary pressure.
  • a full-space spray head has a nozzle body 7, an inlet tube 2 and a plurality of spray nozzles PX, and the PX is a suitable type of rotary ring-slot spray nozzle; 7 has a nozzle body cavity 6, the upper hole of the coaxial body through hole at both ends of the nozzle body cavity is small, and the central through hole of the nozzle body 7 is rotatably sleeved on the stepped inlet pipe 2 connected to the pressure flow source, the inlet pipe 2 pipe The through hole or the through slot 11 is connected to the nozzle body cavity 6.
  • the spray nozzle PX is disposed on the nozzle body and communicates with the nozzle body cavity 6.
  • the upper central hole 3 of the nozzle body cavity 6 and the inlet pipe 2 are provided with a rotary sealing member 9, the nozzle
  • the lower central through hole of the body cavity 6 is sealed by a head formed by a hollow screw-shaped core seat 208, and the head is closed.
  • the inner end annular surface 245 becomes the upper thrust surface of the nozzle body, and the lower thrust ring surface of the nozzle body is 246.
  • the bottom of the core seat 2 08 is provided with a spray nozzle P8, which can be a composite core seat rotary ring spray nozzle p4 similar to that shown in Figures 1-4 (see the rotating ring seam spray nozzle embodiment 4), the difference is P8
  • the core cover 242 is mounted on the outlet end of the inlet pipe 2.
  • the core 108 is provided with a core hole 022 which is closed to the outside, and at least four centering holes 021 uniformly distributed around the core head 020 are in communication with the core hole 022.
  • the shape of the nozzle body 7 is a composite of a peripheral cross-shaped body with a truncated cone or a multi-faceted cone, and a spray nozzle such as P9, Pg, Pg is fixed on the outer circumference of the frustoconical body 5 or the multi-faceted cone.
  • the spray nozzle of the spout is provided with spray nozzles such as P11 or Pg on the four sides of the four arms of the cross body in the direction of the back rotation, and spray nozzles such as P7, P10, P7 and P10 are arranged on the end faces of the four arms.
  • the axis and the axis of the nozzle body are eccentrically spaced, and the spray of each spray nozzle on the cross body of the nozzle body generates the same rotational driving force on the nozzle body, and the swirl nozzle is arranged in the spray nozzle, and the spray nozzles P9, Pl l, Pg are not provided.
  • the core cover is passed through the nozzle body cavity 6, wherein the spray nozzle P 9 is connected to the spiral hole 109 on the wall of the nozzle body cavity and the swirl channel 210 on the core seat 209 (see FIG.
  • the through holes or through grooves 11 provided in the wall of the inlet pipe of the device are obliquely aligned, so that the swirling flow generated in the body cavity 6 of the nozzle helps to rotate the nozzle body, and the direction of rotation and the nozzle spray are opposite to the nozzle body. Rotational driving force Cause.
  • the nozzle body 7 can also have other shapes; the inlet tube 2 can also be shortened to the upper center hole 3 of the nozzle body chamber 6 as a bearing hole, and the filter tube 10 can be disposed in the inlet tube 2.
  • the spray nozzle provided on the nozzle body 7 can all be used with a self-closing dust-proof spray nozzle such as P7, and the spray head becomes a dust-proof rotary annular seam spray head.
  • a spray gun/head is used for a foam spray, and mainly includes a nozzle body 15, a joint 16, a core seat 213 having at least three rotating annular spray nozzles P12, and a spray gun cover 18 .
  • the core seat 213 is screwed to the nozzle body 15 and communicates with the pressure liquid source via the joint 16, and at least three stepped circular hole core cavities are arranged in the core seat 213, and a core such as 112, 116 or 115 can be disposed therein.
  • the large cylindrical section of the rotary core is provided with a swirling passage which can promote the rotation of the rotary core, and the large cylindrical section is rotated and matched with the circular hole of the core cavity, and the large cylindrical section can be arranged in the front section of the rotary core such as 112 or both ends such as 116 or the whole section such as 115.
  • the swirling passage may be a chute provided on the large cylindrical section of the core, such as 116 or a spiral groove such as 112 or a thread such as 115.
  • the reduced diameter tail 113 of the core 112 exposes the core cavity and is near the bottom of the nozzle body cavity 14.
  • the wall is axially rearwardly constrained, and the reduced diameter core head of the core 112 is located in the reduced diameter opening of the stepped hole of the core cavity to form a ring slit spray
  • the hole 003, the inlet gap of the annular nozzle 003 is larger than the outlet gap, and the coaxial nozzle orifice axis is obliquely intersected on the center line of the core seat 213, and the angle of intersection is 0-30 degrees.
  • the outlet end wall of the core seat 213 is provided with two air intake through holes 230, the outlet of the core seat 213 is connected to the spray head cover 18, and the concentrated spray flow of each annular spray hole 003 is collected to the funnel-shaped confluence port 19 of the spray head cover 18.
  • the manifold 19 is connected to the short throat 019 of the inner ring groove and the outer expansion hole 030 to form a venturi-type gas foam spray structure.
  • the core seat 213 and the nozzle cover 18 abutment chamber form a gas mist mixing chamber, and a fine bubble net may be added to the pressure expanding hole 030.
  • the nozzle body 15 is screwed to the core seat 213 to become a rotor type rotary ring slit spray.
  • Gun or spray head can also use the multi-coil combination spray nozzle like P3 shown in Figure 1-3 as the mist spray gun or spray head.
  • its seat body 135 can be connected to the pressure flow source as the nozzle body. .
  • the core 161 when the core 161, the core holder 206 and the secondary core holder 163 of the embodiment 6 are used as a core seat, a nozzle body, a core holder, and the core of the similar structure spray device,
  • a small rotating annular spray nozzle or other spray nozzle (not shown) connected to the central hole 166 is added to the 161, a composite rotary annular spray head is formed;
  • the spray head includes a nozzle body, a core seat, and a rotary head
  • the core seat is rotatably disposed in the body cavity of the nozzle body, and the core seat bracket of the nozzle body cavity is provided with a swirling channel or a groove/teeth/leaf shaped channel which can be rotated by the fluid on the outer peripheral wall of the core seat, the rotation of the channel
  • the flow drives the core seat to rotate, and the outer end of the outer circular surface of the core seat penetrates into the outlet hole of the nozzle body cavity to form a rotating large ring slit spray
  • the core seat becomes the mother core
  • the core provided on the core seat becomes the sub-spin core, which constitutes a composite rotary ring-slot spray head with a spray nozzle in the rotary large-circle spray nozzle; it can form a complicated both revolution and A compound rotary spray with rotation.
  • a compound rotary spray such as a rotating ring nozzle/head spray can cause strong air to sway, aggravate the friction and collision of droplets and air, promote spray refinement, and increase the specific surface area of the droplets. Conducive to its complete mixing with air to accelerate the mass transfer heat transfer and rapid evaporation or acceleration and other media mixing reaction, thereby significantly improving the spray work and process efficiency.
  • the rotating annular seam spray nozzle of the present invention is arranged on the nozzle body or the core seat of the rotary annular seam spray nozzle is connected with the nozzle body, and the nozzle body is connected with the pressure flow source to form a rotary ring slit spray nozzle. Spray device.
  • the combined rotary ring spray device has various kinds, and therefore cannot be The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the present invention, and equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Landscapes

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Description

说明书
Title of Invention : 旋转环缝喷雾嘴及其喷雾装置
[ 1] 本发明涉及一种喷雾装置, 尤其是涉及一种能控制喷雾细度的旋转环缝喷雾嘴 及其喷雾装置, 属于消防和喷雾领域。
[2] 喷头是喷雾的关键元件, 喷雾质量对用于细水雾灭火、 湿式除尘、 喷雾干燥和 液体燃料燃烧的性能有重要影晌。
[3] 喷头一般具有小圆喷孔, 现在有些小圆孔喷头是靠转子旋流芯产生的旋流做雾 化喷发, 如中国专利 01253101. 4、 和 200380103103. 0给出的一类压力雾化小圆 孔喷头, 此类喷头不能很好掌控制喷雾细度而且喷孔很小不能做大。 因为当其 它喷嘴参数不变时雾滴尺寸会随喷孔直径的变大而迅速增加, 使喷雾质量悪化 , 这意味着为了喷雾越细圆喷孔就越得小, 然而喷雾的流量与孔径平方成正比 , 在同等压力下孔小流量就小, 这往往使得喷雾浓度和密度达不到要求。 中国 专利 200410012959. 3给出了一种双层喷嘴, 它可提高喷雾流量, 在一定程度上 能克服小喷孔的缺陷, 但为得到均细化喷雾, 该双层喷嘴的固定环缝间隙就须 做得小而匀, 这样的固定双层喷嘴的互相同心和对中性要求高, 制备困难又易 堵噻, 因而加大了系统过虑难度和制造及使用成本。
[4] 现有设旋转盘的喷头靠高速旋转的离心力在旋转盘上形成簿液膜向外做离心雾 化喷发, 这种旋转离心喷雾虽然雾化较细但有空心区而且不能远喷, 此类喷头 在旋转盘外周往往还设有一环形喷气口, 如中国专利 200410036938. 5所示的喷 头那样, 但这个环形喷口不是用于喷液而是用于喷气以便碎转盘旋出的液膜, 它属气液两流体雾化, 需要额外气源而且结构很复杂。
[5] 许多喷雾场合对喷雾要求很高, 既要求喷雾装置喷出雾滴要达到细雾化, 又要 求喷雾浓密、 流量大、 且要求喷雾空间分布的指向性好或空间分布广弥散性好 , 有些喷雾其细雾化的目的其实是为快速蒸发, 蒸发速度近乎与雾滴直径平方 成反比, 即直经縮小到 1/10, 蒸发速度可加快近 100倍, 因此在如喷雾干燥、 细 水雾全掩没灭火、 喷油雾燃烧等领域, 快速的大量蒸发是提高工作效果的关键 , 因而开发大流量超细雾化喷嘴很有必要, 但现有的喷嘴喷雾细度很不均匀且 喷雾滴径难以控制而且现有的单个喷嘴尤其不能同时做到既细雾化又大流量喷 雾。 另外对于消防用细水雾喷头, 还特别要求体积小结构简单工作可靠, 现有 的消防喷头难以满足上述综合要求, 尤其是中低压喷头喷雾流量与细雾化的矛 盾更难兼顾。
[6] 本发明的目的在于解决上述缺点和问题, 提供一种既能均细雾化又能大流量喷 雾的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 以及适应不同需要给出几种不同结构形式的旋转环缝喷 雾嘴。
[7] 本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种能同时容易地控制粒滴和喷雾流量的喷雾嘴 及控制方法, 以便解决喷雾流量与细雾化难以兼顾的难题。
[8] 为了利用和发挥旋转环缝喷雾嘴优点, 扩大和增强喷雾的空间弥散性、 指向性 和其它喷雾性能, 本发明还给出了组合使用旋转环缝喷雾嘴的喷雾装置, 以便 适应多种喷雾工艺要求, 强化喷雾装置的快速超细雾化蒸发等持定喷雾性能。
[9] 本发明的目的还在于提供一种不易堵塞且能自清理的喷口结构, 而且该结构可 做成自闭防尘的喷雾嘴和喷雾装置, 以便提高细雾化的质量和可靠性, 可用于 喷单流体细液雾或多相流超细喷雾。
[ 10] 为实现上述目的, 本发明的技术解决方案是:
[ 11] 本发明是一种旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 它包括芯座、 旋芯及旋转环缝喷孔; 所述的芯 座内设有芯腔, 在芯座上设有与芯腔连通的入口和出口, 芯座入口连通压力流 源; 所述的旋芯被限位套置在芯腔内且两者同心、 可互相转动, 在旋芯上或芯 腔壁上设有促旋流道, 促旋流道的旋流动力使旋芯与芯腔互相转动; 旋芯出端 的芯柱头穿入芯腔出口孔且该穿入端与芯腔出口孔之间形成旋转环缝喷孔, 旋 转环缝喷孔的横截面近似圆环, 圆环的间隙主要决定喷雾细度, 圆环的直径主 要决定喷雾流量, 分别设定该圆环间隙和直径可获得所述喷雾嘴压力喷雾所需 的细度和流量。
[ 12] 所述的旋转环缝喷孔的轴向形状为短圆或锥管形环缝, 且环缝喷孔的入口间隙 不小于其出口间隙, 可在环缝喷孔接近出口处设具有最小环缝间隙的喷口。
[ 13] 所述的旋芯为阶梯柱形, 旋芯外圆周面上设有斜的或螺旋的牙 /槽形促旋流道 , 旋芯前端收縮成小圆锥形或小圆柱形芯柱头, 该芯柱头穿入芯座出口孔与芯 座出口孔形成所述的旋转环缝喷孔, 旋芯前端环面作为转动止推限位面可与芯 腔前端内壁相互滑动。
[ 14] 所述的旋芯出端环面上可均布设有至少两段楔斜面或楔环面, 楔面张角为 15 度, 楔面开口朝向旋芯的旋转方向, 旋转时楔面对旋芯产生浮力以便减少磨擦
[ 15] 所述的旋芯设有与芯腔入口相通並向旋芯出口端延伸的中心孔, 所述旋芯的出 口端管壁上均布有径向小孔或和钭向小孔, 旋芯的中心孔经各小孔向环缝喷孔 供压, 帮助旋芯悬浮居中和减少磨擦。
[ 16] 所述芯柱头的外圆面上或芯腔出口孔壁上佈有一短段环状细密纹, 以增强喷口 处旋转液膜的湍流波动和细雾化效果。
[ 17] 所述喷雾嘴的环缝喷口被旋芯的外端封堵防尘, 在旋芯的内端设有可将旋芯内 拉或外推的弹性件, 以使旋芯外端锥面或弧面靠在芯腔出口孔壁上; 弹性件为 弹性垫片 /圈或弹簧, 它们的弱弹性力不防碍环缝喷口的液压旋喷, 且有利于雾 化。
[ 18] 所述芯座为组合式, 芯座的芯腔内设有同心的副芯座, 付芯座的盘形外周壁上 设旋流槽 /牙形的促旋流道, 旋芯位于芯腔和付芯座中央, 並以付芯座顶部中心 孔为轴承孔做旋转和部分轴向限位, 旋芯的柱头同心地穿入芯座的收縮圆锥出 口孔内, 形成倒圆锥管形环缝喷雾孔。
[ 19] 所述旋芯为复合形, 旋芯上设有与芯座入口相通的外芯腔和内芯腔, 且两者同 心, 外芯腔壁上设有外旋流通道, 内芯腔位于外芯腔中央, 内芯腔设有内芯件 , 内芯腔收縮形成的内喷孔壁插入外芯腔的出口孔中央, 形成带有中心喷雾孔 的旋转环缝喷雾孔, 芯座或芯座盖和外芯腔壁上设有的旋流通道做为旋芯的促 旋流道。
[20] 所述促旋流道设于旋芯或和芯座上; 旋芯上的促旋流道可为斜或螺旋的槽 /牙 / 叶; 芯座的促旋流道, 设于芯腔壁或芯座闷蓋上, 为旋流槽 /孔。 [21] 用所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴能对其喷雾细度和流量分别进行控制; 喷雾平均滴径 在细尺度范围内的控制: 若喷雾细度要求平均滴径为 T, 设环缝喷口最小间隙处 的孔直径为 D、 该处芯柱头直径为 d, 则令 (D-d) ^Τ. Κ, Κ值为广 3的相关系数 ; 喷雾流量控制可用0= 八?11 0 8 3/12 4 1^式进行估值來确定0、 d值的大小, 其中 f为与旋转环缝的旋流率和环缝偏心率相关的系数 0. 3<f< l、 ΔΡ压差、 μ粘度 、 D孔径、 L环缝孔长、 δ平均逢宽。
[22] 本发明的喷雾装置: 它包括喷头体和喷雾嘴, 喷雾嘴设于喷头体上, 喷头体设 有喷头体腔, 它的入端接压力流源, 出端与喷雾嘴连通; 所述的喷雾嘴包含旋 转环缝喷雾嘴。
[23] 本发明的一种喷雾装置: 喷头体设有端部带中心通孔的喷头体腔, 喷头体用其 中心通孔可转动定位地套在连接压力流源的阶梯形入口管上, 其间设转动密封 件, 入口管管壁上设孔 /槽与喷头体腔相通; 封头堵住喷头体腔的下通孔并为喷 头体做转动止推定位, 封头内可设喷雾嘴; 所述喷头体的外周为十字形体叠加 截头圆锥或多面锥形体, 在十字形体背向旋转方向的四个侧面设的喷雾嘴产生 同向转矩; 喷头体上设有的喷雾嘴全都与头体腔连通, 其中有含旋转环缝喷雾 嘴。
[24] 本发明的一种喷雾装置: 包括接头、 喷头体、 芯座、 旋芯、 喷头罩; 连接压力 流源的接头螺接在喷头体上部, 喷头体上设有由一个芯座和至少三个旋芯构成 的旋转环缝喷雾嘴群, 在芯座内设有至少三个旋芯腔, 各旋芯腔与喷头体上的 接头入口相通, 每个旋芯腔内可旋转定位地套置一个旋芯, 形成一个旋转环缝 喷雾嘴, 各喷雾嘴出口汇聚在芯座的出口处进行喷雾; 或者在芯座出口上再加 装文氏管形喷头罩, 并且在芯座出口的周壁上设多个吸气孔, 各吸气孔与芯座 出口和喷头罩之间的混合室相通, 各喷雾嘴的喷雾经混合室参气, 再经喷头罩 出口做泡沬喷雾。
[25] 本发明的一种喷雾装置: 包括喷头体、 芯座、 旋芯; 所述芯座可转动地设于喷 头体腔内, 喷头体腔上设有旋流通道, 经所述通道的旋流带动芯座转动, 芯座 的出口外圆面出端穿入喷头体腔出口孔内, 形成旋转大环缝喷雾嘴, 在芯座上 亦设有喷雾嘴包括带旋芯的喷雾嘴, 即构成复合旋转环缝喷雾头, 喷头体腔连 通压力流源和各喷雾嘴。
[26] 本发明解决的难题和有益效果及优点如下;
[27] 1、 针对现有细雾喷头的缺点, 解决提高喷头孔径和流量与提高雾化度互相矛 盾不能调合的难题, 本发明提出用旋转环缝进行喷雾的技术方案。 这种旋转环 缝直径可以做大而间隙可以很小, 因而其喷雾勻细而通流面积及喷雾流量大, 解决了提高喷雾流量与提高雾化度无法兼顾的难题。 现有小圆喷孔喷嘴缺桌是 为了雾化好, 小圆喷孔的孔径必须足够小, 因而其喷雾流量严重受限。 而环缝 喷口流通截面积要比具有同样间隙的小圆孔喷口的流通截面大得多, 流量几乎 与流通截面成正比, 因而在同样间隙和压差条件下环缝喷口喷雾流量比小圆孔 喷口喷雾流量也大得多。 而且本发明决定喷雾细度的环缝间隙及决定流量的孔 径可以据需要分别设定互不干涉, 因而其喷雾细度可不受流量的制约, 即环缝 及其雾滴尺寸可以很小同时环缝孔径及其流量可以很大。
[28] 2、 旋转环缝喷孔的喷雾比现有喷孔的显著进步是易超细雾化。 由于压力和旋 转作用使环缝中贴近动圆壁面和贴近静圆壁面及中间层处的液流具有不同的速 度梯度, 形成具有多向不同速度分量的高湍度紊流, 这使造成液膜射流一次碎 裂和分裂后液滴二次粉碎的湍流动能大增, 从而加速促进超细喷雾。 现有的环 状液膜射流主要靠出口液环与空气磨擦扰动产生波动引起破碎雾化, 而旋转环 缝喷孔在环状液膜破碎机理上又叠加了旋转离心力育膜和高湍度脉动的雾化因 素, 因而其超细雾化能力倍增,
[29] 3、 本发明旋转环缝喷孔比现有小圆喷孔不但喷雾更细而且液滴粒度易控且分 布更均匀。 现有的小圆喷孔的喷雾粒度难以控制且喷雾液滴粒度很不均匀, 本 发明用环缝的旋转小间隙就能使喷口的一次雾化匀细度大增, 通过设定环缝间 隙即可控制喷雾液滴尺寸和分布。
[30] 4、 本发明的另一个显著进步是不易堵塞。 现有的固定环缝喷孔由于固定间隙 小因而易堵塞, 而旋转环缝喷孔喷雾时, 环缝处于旋转状态, 芯柱头与芯腔出 口孔壁的相对运动, 具有旋转对中防偏和自动清理阻塞物的功能, 因此既使环 缝间隙很小, 旋转环缝喷口也不易堵噻。
[31] 5、 旋转环缝喷雾嘴另一个优桌是防尘性能好。 它的喷嘴结构很容易做成防尘 闭式即喷口平时对外封闭, 所以其防尘性能好。 即便不做成防尘闭式, 旋转环 缝喷雾嘴也能大体防尘, 因为旋转环缝喷雾嘴比同尺度截面积的圆孔喷雾嘴的 外露间隙要小得多, 因而有利防尘。
[32] 6、 本发明的突出进步还在于能使旋转缝喷雾嘴和喷雾装置的结构多样化、 大 型化, 从而为不同场所提供适用的多样化喷雾设备。 液滴蒸发所需时间近乎与 其直经的平方成正比, 大流量的细化喷雾, 就意味大规模平方级的加快喷雾蒸 发速度, 因此本发明用在细水雾灭火、 喷雾干燥、 喷雾燃烧等需要喷雾快速蒸 发的场合, 能显著提高它们的气化速度和工作效果。
[33] 下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
國綱
[34] 图 1- -1为空心柱旋芯喷雾嘴 P1结构图;
[35] 图 1- -1A为图 1-1的 K向视图;
[36] 图 1- -2为实心柱旋芯喷雾嘴 P2结构图;
[37] 图 1- -2A为图 1-2沿 0-0线的剖视图;
[38] 图 1- -3为共用芯座的多旋芯喷雾嘴 P3结构图;
[39] 图 1- -4为带组合芯座的喷雾嘴 P4结构图;
[40] 图 1- -5为带复合旋芯的喷雾嘴 P5结构图;
[41] 图 1- -6为带锥形芯柱头的防尘喷雾嘴 P6结构图;
[42] 图 1- -7为带弧形芯柱头的防尘喷雾嘴 P7结构图;
[43] 图 1- -7A为图 1-7沿 T-T线的剖面图;
[44] 图 2- -1为全空间喷雾头立面半剖结构示意图;
[45] 图 2-一 1A是图 2— 1沿 C-C方向的剖视图;
[46] 图 2- -2为图 2-1带局部剖的俯视图
[47] 图 3为喷雾枪 /头结构示意图;
[48] 一、 本发明的旋转环缝喷雾嘴。
[49] 实施例 1 :
[50] 如图 1一 1所示, 一种旋转环缝喷雾嘴 pi包括芯座 201、 旋芯 104、 旋转环缝喷孔 001和芯座盖 103。 所述的芯座 201内设有芯腔 101, 在芯座 201上设有与芯腔 101 连通的入口和出口, 芯座 201入口连通压力流源; 两端小中间大的阶梯圆柱形旋 芯 104以芯座的芯腔圆孔 104和芯座盖 103的圆孔 102做两端轴承限位, 且三者同 心, 旋芯 104可浮动旋转地设于阶梯形圆孔芯腔 101內; 旋芯大圆柱头端收縮成 锥环面和小圆柱或小圆锥柱的芯柱头 107, 旋芯 104锥环面靠在芯腔 101的收縮孔 台阶内为旋芯 104做轴向止推定位; 芯柱头 107外周可为光滑面, 芯柱头 107位于 芯腔 101出口的中心圆喷孔内构成环缝喷孔 010, 环缝喷孔的入口间隙大于出口 间隙, 出口间隙近似值为 (D-d) I 。 旋芯 104设中心孔 100, 芯柱头 107的环面 设均布对称的偏心斜孔 106, 其锥环面上设斜槽 108, 106与 108共同做促旋流道 , 使旋芯 104转动, 形成旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 做压力喷雾。 芯柱头 107的小圆柱或 小圆锥柱上均布对称有至少 2对小孔 105, 偏心斜孔 106和小孔 105都与中心孔 100 相通, 以使旋芯对中和减少与芯座 201的摩擦。 在本实施例中, 芯柱头 107的出 口段外周也可设有一短段环状细密纹 010, 如图 1-1A所示, 使环缝喷孔的出口形 成具有细密纹内圆的环缝喷口 001, 或者把一短段环状细密纹芯设于芯腔出口孔 壁上, 这样可增强喷口处旋转液膜的湍流波动和细雾化效果。
[51] 所述的旋转环缝喷孔的轴向形状为短圆或锥管形环缝, 在环缝喷孔接近出口处 可设具有最小环缝间隙的喷口。
[52] 实施例 2:
[53] 如图 1-2所示, 一种实心柱旋芯喷雾嘴 p2。 芯座 202中央设芯腔 123, 芯腔圆孔 内设可浮动旋转的旋芯 121, 芯腔圆孔为旋芯做旋转限位并且两者同心。 旋芯 12 1外圆大圆柱段前端收縮成小圆柱或小圆锥形的芯柱头 127, 芯柱头 127位于芯腔 出口的倒锥形喷孔内形成环缝喷孔 012, 环缝喷孔 012的入口间隙大于出口间隙 , 环缝喷孔 012的出口为环缝喷口 002, 导流槽 122出口于大圆柱与芯柱头 127交 接的端环面 128 (如图 1-2A所示) 上并与环缝喷孔 012相通, 端环面 128靠在芯腔 123的收縮孔圆环台阶口上为旋芯 121做轴向定位, 旋芯 121端环面 128上均布对 称设楔斜面 120, 斜面张角为 15度, 斜面开口朝向旋芯 121的旋转方向, 旋芯 1 21外圆周上设斜槽或螺旋槽 122做为导流槽和提供旋转动力, 旋芯 121转动时楔 斜面或者环段楔斜面 120可产生减磨悬浮力, 並从旋转环缝喷口 002中做压力喷 务。
[54] 实施例 3:
[55] 如图 1-3所示, 一种共用芯座的多旋芯组合喷雾嘴 p3。 它包括座体 135、 芯座 20
3、 旋芯 131、 130、 111。 所述的芯座 203螺接在座体 135上, 在芯座 203上设有至 少 3个外周旋芯腔 133、 138和中心旋芯腔 139, 在旋芯腔 133、 138内可旋转的套 置阶梯圆柱形旋芯 131、 111, 在本实施例中, 阶梯圆柱形旋芯 131为两端小、 中 部具有环形凸肩的阶梯柱形, 旋芯 131中部圆周面上设有作为促旋流道的螺旋牙 或螺旋槽 132, 旋芯 131前端收縮成柱形芯柱头, 该芯柱头插入旋芯腔 133的出口 形成内环缝间隙大于外环缝间隙的环缝喷孔和其喷口 003; 阶梯圆柱形旋芯 111 为两端小、 中部具有两段环形凸肩的阶梯柱形, 旋芯 111两段环形圆周面上分别 设有作为促旋流道的螺旋槽 137, 旋芯 111前端收縮成柱形芯柱头, 该芯柱头插 入旋芯腔 138的出口, 形成内环缝间隙大于外环缝间隙的环缝喷孔和其环缝喷口
004。 在旋芯腔 139内可套置其它结构的雾化芯如固定式涡旋叶片 130。 在芯座 20 3内穿入座体 135的内端面上开设有与座体 135入口相连通的导流槽 134, 导流槽 数与旋芯腔数相等且为中心放射状均分布, 该一个导流槽与一个旋芯腔孔相连 通, 芯座外周各旋芯腔可用同样形状的旋芯, 本实施例中用不同形状的, 仅为 表示其可采用多样结构。
[56] 实施例 4:
[57] 如图 1-4所示, 一种组合芯座喷雾嘴 p4。 它有一短螺钉形芯座 204, 其中空芯腔 142内设盘形副芯座 146和旋芯 105, 芯腔入口设封盖 144, 封盖 144周围设导流通 孔 140, 封盖 144底部有中心盲孔, 内置旋芯尾柱 143以便为旋芯 105做旋转轴承 和向上止动定位, 旋芯 105的柱体芯轴 145以盘形副芯座 146的中心孔为转动轴承 孔和向下止动定位, 盘形副芯座 146的环壁上设至少 2个切向旋流通槽 147, 该环 壁同心地支承在芯座 204的底壁上並与芯座 204的收縮圆锥孔形成旋流腔 149, 旋 流腔 149內的旋芯柱体外表可设一段斜纹或滚花 148, 旋芯 105设无压中心盲孔 02 4以便减轻旋芯质量, 旋芯柱头同心地穿入芯座 204的收縮圆锥出口孔内, 形成 倒圆锥管形环缝喷孔和其喷口 004, 有压流体从导流通孔 140进入芯腔 142再经旋 流槽 147旋转进入旋流腔 149, 并带动旋芯 105浮动旋转, 使压力流体从内口大出 口小的旋转环缝喷孔中旋转挤压喷出成雾。
[58] 实施例 5:
[59] 如图 1-5所示, 一种复合旋芯喷雾嘴 p5, 它包括芯座盖 154、 芯座 205、 旋芯 151 、 内芯件 152和轴承 158。 所述的芯座盖 154螺接在芯座 205上, 在两者之间形成 一个封闭的芯座腔, 芯座盖 154侧壁上开设有切向或斜向通孔 155, 用于向芯座 腔内旋流。 旋芯 151为复合件, 旋芯上设有与芯座入口及芯座腔相通的外芯腔和 内芯腔, 两者同心, 旋芯 151的环形外芯腔 156中央设有柱锥形内芯腔 150, 所述 的内芯件 152固定插置在内芯腔 150上部, 内芯件 152上开设有螺旋槽 159, 内芯 件 152上端为尾柱 153, 该尾柱 153以芯座盖 154内顶面上的中心孔为转动轴承孔 , 旋芯 151环形腔壁的外端口设轴承 158, 轴承 158固定在芯座 205底部外环槽内 , 在旋芯 151环形腔壁的下部圆周壁上开设至少 2个旋流槽 157, 旋流槽 157使芯 座腔与外芯腔连通, 内芯腔 150下部收縮成內喷口 05, 旋芯內喷口 05的孔壁插入 芯座 205内腔出口中, 形成外环缝喷口 005, 在內喷口 05的孔壁上设均布小孔 032 , 小孔 032使外环缝喷口 005与内喷口 05相通且对中。 一路压力流通过芯座盖 154 侧壁上的切向孔 155、 旋芯 151环形腔壁上的切向或斜向旋流槽 157经环形腔旋流 进入外环缝喷口 005, 另一路压力流通过内芯柱 152上的螺旋槽 159, 经内芯腔 15 0旋流从內喷口 05喷出。 切向或斜向通孔 155、 旋流槽 157及螺旋槽 159的旋流方 向设置都使旋芯 151同向旋转。 小孔 032为环缝喷孔提供悬浮对中压力。
[60] 实施例 6:
[61] 如图 1-6所示, 一种防尘式喷雾嘴 p6, 芯座 206的芯腔 168内设副芯座 163和旋芯 161, 旋芯 161的柱体芯轴 164以倒杯形副芯座 163的中心孔为转动轴承孔和向下 止动定位, 副芯座 163的倒杯形圆环口支承並固定在芯座 206的下部壁上, 旋芯 1 61的底部设扩大的锥形芯柱头 170与芯座 206的扩张圆锥出口孔同心相配成锥环 形缝喷孔, 锥环形缝的内口大出口小, 不工作时芯柱头 170的内锥大径处由弱弹 性件 169拉靠在芯座 206的扩张圆锥出口孔内壁上, 封堵住芯腔出口孔形成防尘 环面 016, 使得环缝喷雾嘴为自封闭防尘喷雾嘴。 弱弹性力件 169可为弹性垫片 / 圈或弹簧, 它位于旋芯 161尾部固定螺母 160和滑环 162之间, 套在芯轴 164上的 滑环 162可转动地支撑在副芯座 163中心孔平面上, 作为止推轴承件也可用如滚 珠或滚动轴承替代滑环 162。
[62] 副芯座 163的倒杯形圆环壁周围设至少 2个切向旋流槽 167, 旋芯 161位于流芯腔 168内的柱中段外表可设一段斜纹或滚花以促进旋流带动旋芯旋转, 旋芯设中心 孔 166, 在防尘环面 016里侧的芯柱头四周均布设至少 4个对小孔 165, 有压流体 从喷头体孔进入经旋流槽 167进入旋流芯腔 168内旋转, 并带动旋芯 161浮动旋转 , 使压力流体克服防尘弱弹性力从锥形环缝喷口旋转挤压喷出成雾, 由于弹力 震颤和旋转环缝的作用, 可得到均匀的超细喷雾。
[63] 实施例 7:
[64] 如图 1一 7所示, 另一种防尘式喷雾嘴, 它设有芯座 207, 芯座 207螺接固定在喷 头体 172内, 旋芯 171可转动地设于芯腔 178内, 两者同心, 两者间设有转动限位 面, 芯腔 178设进口闷盖 174, 在闷盖 174周围的芯座 207壁上设至少 2条旋流槽孔 177, 芯腔出口孔与其内的旋芯 171的芯柱头相配而成环缝喷孔 007。 旋芯 171中 心孔內置弱弹簧 173, 弱弹簧 173顶部滚珠或带半球头的阶梯柱 175轻顶在闷盖 17 4底面为可浮动旋转的旋芯 171做轴向限位, 同时使旋芯 171芯柱头尾端面靠在芯 腔出口端面形成对外封闭的防尘面 017, 不工作时由弱弹簧 173的弱弹性力使芯 柱头封堵住芯腔出口孔以便防尘, 防尘面 017的里侧的旋芯 171端壁上对称均布 设悬浮对小孔 176, 可帮助旋芯悬浮对中, 旋芯 171外圆周上可设 段或间断的 两段圆柱形旋转定位面, 其上可螺旋槽 /牙, 当有压流体进入芯腔时会造成旋流 动压和悬浮力, 使旋芯 171离开防尘面 017开始转动並经环缝喷孔 007做旋转压力 喷雾。
[65] 二、 本发明的喷雾装置。
[66] 实施例 1 :
[67] 如图 2-1、 图 2-2所示, 一种全空间喷雾头具有喷头体 7、 入口管 2和多个喷雾嘴 PX, PX为适当类型的旋转环缝喷雾嘴; 喷头体 7具有喷头体腔 6, 喷头体腔两端 同轴中心通孔的上孔小下孔大, 喷头体 7中心通孔可转动地套在连接压力流源的 阶梯形入口管 2上, 入口管 2管壁上设通孔或通槽 11与喷头体腔 6相通, 喷雾嘴 PX 设于喷头体上並与喷头体腔 6相通, 喷头体腔 6的上中心孔 3与入口管 2间设转动 密封件 9, 喷头体腔 6的下中心通孔由空心螺钉狀芯座 208形成的封头封堵, 封头 内端环面 245成为喷头体转动上止推面, 喷头体转动的下止推环面为 246。 芯座 2 08的底部设喷雾嘴 P8, 喷雾嘴 P8可为类似图 1-4所示复合芯座旋转环缝喷雾嘴 p4 (见旋转环缝喷雾嘴实施例 4) , 所不同的是 P8的芯盖 242装于入口管 2的出口端 , 另一不同点是旋芯 108设对外封闭的芯孔 022, 芯柱头 020四周均布设有的至少 4个对中小孔 021与芯孔 022相通。
[68] 所述喷头体 7的外形为外周十字形体连带截头圆锥或多面锥形体的复合体, 在 截头圆锥体 5或多面锥形体外周上设喷雾嘴如 P9、 Pg, Pg为固定式喷口的喷雾嘴 , 在十字形体的四个支臂的背向旋转方向的四个侧面设喷雾嘴如 P11或 Pg, 在四 个支臂的端面都设喷雾嘴如 P7、 P10, P7、 P10的轴线与喷头体轴线最好有偏心 距, 喷头体十字形体上各喷雾嘴的喷雾对喷头体产生同向旋转驱动力, 喷雾嘴 内都设旋流通道, 喷雾嘴 P9、 Pl l、 Pg不设芯盖而直通喷头体腔 6, 其中喷雾嘴 P 9用在喷头体腔壁上的导流孔 8及芯座 209上的旋流通道 210与其旋芯 109相通 (参 见图 2— 1A) ; 所述喷雾装置入口管管壁上设的通孔或通槽 11最好是斜向一致, 以使它们产生的在喷头体腔 6中的旋流帮助带动喷头体旋转, 该旋转方向与喷雾 嘴喷雾对喷头体产生的旋转驱动力旋向一致。
[69] 实施例中喷头体 7也可为其它形状; 入口管 2也可縮短到只用喷头体腔 6的上中 心孔 3作为轴承孔, 入口管 2内可设过滤器 10。
[70] 实施例中喷头体 7上设的喷雾嘴可以全部用如 P7那类自闭防尘式喷雾嘴, 喷头 就成为防尘式旋转环缝喷雾头。
[71] 实施例 2:
[72] 如图 3所示, 一种喷雾枪 /头, 它用于泡沫喷雾, 主要包括喷头体 15、 接头 16、 芯座 213上至少设 3个旋转环缝喷雾嘴 P12、 及喷枪罩 18。 芯座 213与喷头体 15螺 纹连接並经接头 16连通压力液源, 芯座 213内至少均布 3个阶梯形圆孔形芯腔其 内可设如 112、 116或 115之类的旋芯, 旋芯大圆柱段上设能促使旋芯转动的旋流 通道, 大圆柱段与芯腔圆孔转动配合, 大圆柱段可设于旋芯的前段如 112或两端 如 116或全段如 115, 旋流通道可为设于旋芯大圆柱段上的斜槽如 116或螺旋槽如 112或螺牙如 115, 旋芯 112的縮径尾柱 113露出芯腔孔並靠近喷头体腔 14的底壁 做轴向后限位, 旋芯 112的縮径芯柱头位于芯腔阶梯孔的縮径孔口內形成环缝喷 孔 003, 环缝喷孔 003的入口间隙大于出口间隙, 它们的同轴口喷孔轴线斜交于 芯座 213中心线上, 其交角为 0-30度。 芯座 213的出口端壁上设两圈多个吸气通 孔 230, 芯座 213的出口连接喷头罩 18, 各环缝喷孔 003的聚集喷雾流向喷头罩 18 的漏斗形汇流口 19集流, 汇流口 19连接內环槽的短喉孔 019及外扩压孔 030, 形 成文丘里式参气泡沫喷雾喷射结构。 芯座 213与喷头罩 18对接腔形成气水雾混合 室, 扩压孔 030上还可增设细泡网。
[73] 实施例 3:
[74] 在上例中若去掉喷头罩 023, 并把芯座 213的出口端壁上的吸气通孔 230也去掉 , 喷头体 15与芯座 213螺纹连接就成为转子型的旋转环缝喷雾枪或喷雾头; 也可 采用图 1-3所示 P3那样的多旋芯组合喷雾嘴做雾喷枪或喷雾头, 此时把它的座体 135做为喷头体连接在压力流源上即可。
[75] 实施例 4:
[76] 参见图 1-6, 当把实施例 6中的旋芯 161、 芯座 206和副芯座 163做为有类似结构 喷雾裝置的芯座、 喷头体、 芯座支架, 而且在旋芯 161上增设与中心孔 166连通 的小型旋转环缝喷雾嘴或其它类喷雾嘴 (图中未画) 时, 则构成复合型旋转环 缝喷雾头; 该喷雾头它包括喷头体、 芯座、 旋芯; 芯座可转动地设于喷头体腔 内, 喷头体腔的芯座支架上设有旋流通道或和芯座外周壁上设能被流体推动旋 转的槽 /牙 /叶形通道, 通道的旋流带动芯座转动, 芯座的出口外圆面出端穿入 喷头体腔出口孔内, 形成旋转大环缝喷雾嘴, 在旋转芯座中央或和四周设有包 括带旋芯的喷雾嘴, 喷头体腔连通压力流源和各喷雾嘴。 此时芯座成为母旋芯 、 芯座上设的旋芯成为子旋芯, 构成旋转大环缝喷雾嘴中带喷雾嘴的复合型旋 转环缝喷雾头; 它可形成复杂的既有公转又有自转的复合旋转喷雾。
[77] 旋转环缝喷雾嘴 /头的喷雾这类复合旋转喷雾, 能引起空气的强烈挠动, 加剧 雾滴与空气的磨擦和碰撞促进喷雾细化, 使粒滴比表面积大增,更有利于其与空 气完全参混加速传质传热迅速蒸发或加速和其它介质混合发生反应, 从而显著 提高喷雾工作和工艺效率。
[78] 把本发明的旋转环缝喷雾嘴设在喷头体上或使旋转环缝喷雾嘴的芯座与喷头体 相连, 喷头体再和压力流源连通就可构成带有旋转环缝喷雾嘴的喷雾装置。 以上所述, 仅为本发明几个实施例而已, 因旋芯、 芯座和芯腔、 及喷头体的结 构有多种, 它们组合成的旋转环缝喷雾装置也有多种多样, 故不能以此限定本 发明实施的范围, 即依本发明申请专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修 饰, 皆应仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于: 它包括芯座、 旋芯及旋转 环缝喷孔; 所述的芯座内设有芯腔, 在芯座上设有与芯腔连通的 入口和出口, 芯座入口连通压力流源; 所述的旋芯被限位套置在 芯腔内且两者同心、 可互相转动, 在旋芯上或芯腔壁上设有促旋 流道, 促旋流道的旋流动力使旋芯与芯腔互相转动; 旋芯出端的 芯柱头穿入芯腔出口孔, 芯柱头与芯腔出口孔之间形成旋转环缝 喷孔, 该喷孔的横截面近似圆环, 设定该圆环间隙和直径可使所 述喷雾嘴的压力喷雾细度和流量分别得到控制。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于: 所述的 旋转环缝喷孔的轴向形状为短圆管或锥管形环缝, 且环缝喷孔的 入口间隙不小于其出口间隙, 可在环缝喷孔接近出口处设有最小 环缝间隙的喷口。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于: 所述的 旋芯为阶梯柱形, 旋芯外圆周上设有旋流促旋流道, 旋芯出端环 面收縮并连接小圆锥形或小圆柱形芯柱头, 旋芯出端环面作为转 动止推限位面可与芯腔前端内壁相互滑转。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于: 所述的 旋芯出端环面上可均布设有至少两段楔斜 /环面, 楔面张角为 15 度, 楔面开口朝向旋转方向。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于 : 所述的旋芯设有与芯腔入口相通並向旋芯出口端延伸的中心孔
, 所述旋芯的出口端管壁上均布有径向小孔或和钭向小孔, 旋芯 的中心孔经各小孔向环缝喷孔供压, 帮助旋芯悬浮居中并减少磨 擦。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于 : 所述芯柱头的外圆面上或芯腔出口孔壁上设有一短段细密纹。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于: 所述喷 雾嘴的环缝喷口被旋芯的外端封堵防尘, 在旋芯的内端设有可将 旋芯内拉或外推的弹性件, 以使旋芯外端锥面或弧面靠在芯腔出 口孔壁上; 弹性件为弹性垫片 /圈或弹簧。
[Claim 8] 8、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于: 所述芯 座为组合式, 芯座的芯腔内设有同心的副芯座, 付芯座的盘形外 周壁上设旋流槽 /牙形的促旋流道, 旋芯位于芯腔和付芯座腔中央 , 並以付芯座顶部中心孔为轴承孔做旋转和轴向限位, 旋芯的柱 头同心地穿入芯座腔的收縮圆锥出口孔内, 形成倒圆锥管形环缝 喷雾孔。
[Claim 9] 9、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于: 所述旋 芯, 是复合旋芯, 它可转动地设于芯座腔内, 复合旋芯设有外芯 腔和同心的内芯腔, 内芯腔中设内芯件并收縮形成内喷孔, 内喷 孔壁插入外芯腔的出口孔中央, 形成带有中心喷雾孔的旋转环缝 喷雾孔, 芯座或芯座盖和外芯腔壁上设有的旋流通道为旋芯的促 旋流道。
[Claim 10] 10、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于: 所述促 旋流道设于旋芯或和芯座上; 旋芯上的促旋流道可为斜的或螺旋 的槽 /牙 /孔; 芯座的促旋流道设于芯腔壁或芯座闷盖上, 为旋流 槽 /孔。
[Claim 11] 11、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 其特征在于: 所述旋 转环缝喷雾嘴的喷雾细度和流量可分别控制; 喷雾滴径的细尺度 控制: 若喷雾细度要求平均滴径为 T, 环缝喷口最小间隙处的孔径 为 ΰ、 该处芯柱头直径为 d, 则令 (D-d) ^Τ. Κ, Κ值为 1 ^3的相关 系数; 喷雾流量用0= 八?11 0 8 3/12 4 1^式估值來确定0、 d的大小 , 可滿足喷雾流量要求。
[Claim 12] 12、 一种喷雾装置, 它包括喷头体和喷雾嘴, 喷雾嘴设于喷头体 上, 喷头体设有喷头体腔, 它的入端接压力流源入口, 出端与喷 雾嘴连通; 其特征在于: 所述的喷雾嘴中包含旋转环缝喷雾嘴。
[Claim 13] 13、 根据权利要求 12所述的喷雾装置, 其特征在于: 所述喷头体 设有端部带中心通孔的喷头体腔, 喷头体用其中心通孔可转动定 位地套在阶梯形入口管上, 入口管固定连接在压力流源上, 入口 管壁上设通孔 /槽相通喷头体腔; 封头堵住喷头体腔的下通孔並为 喷头体做转动止推定位, 封头内可设喷雾嘴; 所述喷头体是外周 十字形体连带截头圆锥或多面锥形体的复合体, 在喷头体外周以 及在十字形体背向旋转方向的四个侧面都设喷雾嘴, 且全与喷头 体腔连通。
[Claim 14] 14、 根据权利要求 12所述的喷雾装置, 包括接头、 喷头体、 芯座
、 旋芯、 喷头罩, 经接头连通压力流源的喷头体连通并设有芯座 ; 其特征在于: 所述芯座内设有两个以上的旋芯腔, 每个旋芯腔 可旋转定位地套置一个旋芯, 形成一个旋转环缝喷雾嘴, 各喷雾 嘴出口汇聚在芯座的出口处进行喷雾; 或者在芯座出口上再加装 文氏管形喷头罩, 并且在芯座出口周壁上设多个吸气孔, 吸气孔 与芯座出口和喷头罩之间的混合室相通, 各喷雾嘴的喷雾经混合 室参气, 再经喷头罩出口做泡沬喷雾。
[Claim 15] 15、 根据权利要求 12所述的喷雾装置, 包括喷头体、 芯座、 旋芯
; 其特征在于:所述芯座可转动地设于喷头体腔内, 喷头体腔上设 有旋流通道, 经所述通道的旋流带动芯座转动, 芯座的出口外圆 面的出端穿入喷头体腔出口孔内, 形成旋转大环缝喷雾嘴, 在芯 座上亦设有喷雾嘴包括带旋芯的喷雾嘴, 即构成复合旋转环缝喷 雾头, 喷头体腔连通压力流源和各喷雾嘴。
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