WO2010001891A1 - 抗体複合体、抗原検出方法、及び抗体複合体製造方法 - Google Patents
抗体複合体、抗原検出方法、及び抗体複合体製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010001891A1 WO2010001891A1 PCT/JP2009/061959 JP2009061959W WO2010001891A1 WO 2010001891 A1 WO2010001891 A1 WO 2010001891A1 JP 2009061959 W JP2009061959 W JP 2009061959W WO 2010001891 A1 WO2010001891 A1 WO 2010001891A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/62—DNA sequences coding for fusion proteins
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/531—Production of immunochemical test materials
- G01N33/532—Production of labelled immunochemicals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2458/00—Labels used in chemical analysis of biological material
- G01N2458/10—Oligonucleotides as tagging agents for labelling antibodies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antibody complex, an antigen detection method using the antibody complex, and a method for producing the antibody complex.
- ELISA and the like have been developed as a method for detecting a small amount of antigen, but recently, a method using a complex called MUSTag with improved detection sensitivity has been developed (International Publication WO2006 / 049289).
- a complex in which an oligonucleotide to be labeled is bound to an antibody via protein G is used, and after the antibody portion of this complex is bound to an antigen, the oligonucleotide is cleaved and recovered.
- An example is a method of detecting an antigen by detecting an oligonucleotide by PCR.
- the present invention aims to improve the detection sensitivity of MUSTag.
- the inventor has found that the detection sensitivity of the antigen is enhanced by crosslinking the adapter site and the antibody as shown in the Examples.
- protein G, protein A, or protein L is known to bind to the Fc region of IgG molecules with high affinity, so this discovery is unexpected for those skilled in the art, and MUSTag was used. It was suggested that protein G, protein A, or protein L and the antibody have insufficient binding strength in the antigen detection method.
- One embodiment of the present invention is an antibody complex for detecting an antigen, comprising: a nucleic acid chain as a label; an antibody that specifically binds to the antigen; and an adapter site that binds the nucleic acid chain to the antibody.
- the adapter site contains an immunoglobulin binding domain of protein G, protein A or protein L, and the adapter site and the antibody are chemically cross-linked.
- the antibody complex may include a cleavage site capable of cleaving the nucleic acid chain.
- the cleavage site may be cleaved by a restriction enzyme, light irradiation, or active oxygen.
- the adapter site may contain a fusion protein comprising a biotin binding domain of avidins and an immunoglobulin binding domain of protein G, protein A or protein L, and the nucleic acid chain may be a biotin binding nucleic acid.
- the antibody may be a monoclonal antibody.
- a further embodiment of the present invention is a method for detecting an antigen, wherein the antigen is contacted with any of the antibody complexes to form an antigen-antibody complex containing the antigen and the antibody complex. And a detection step of detecting the oligonucleotide chain.
- the antigen-antibody complex may include the antibody complex, and the detection step may include a step of cleaving and collecting the oligonucleotide chain at the cleavage site.
- the detection step may include a step of amplifying the oligonucleotide chain and a step of detecting the amplified oligonucleotide chain.
- a further embodiment of the present invention is an antigen detection kit comprising a nucleic acid chain as a label, an antibody that specifically binds to the antigen, and an antibody site that binds the nucleic acid chain to the antibody
- the adapter site contains an immunoglobulin binding domain of either protein G, protein A or protein L, and the adapter site and the antibody are chemically cross-linked.
- the antibody complex may include a cleavage site capable of cleaving the nucleic acid chain.
- the cleavage site may be cleaved by a restriction enzyme, light irradiation, or active oxygen.
- the adapter site may contain a fusion protein comprising a biotin binding domain of avidins and an immunoglobulin binding domain of protein G, protein A or protein L, and the nucleic acid chain may be a biotin binding nucleic acid.
- the antibody may be a monoclonal antibody.
- the antibody complex of the present invention comprises a nucleic acid chain as a label, an antibody that specifically binds to the antigen to be detected, and an adapter site that binds the nucleic acid chain to the antibody, and the adapter site is protein G, protein A Alternatively, it contains an immunoglobulin binding domain of either protein L, and the adapter site and the antibody are chemically cross-linked.
- the nucleic acid chain as the label may be DNA or RNA, but is preferably DNA for easy detection.
- the length is not limited, but is preferably short so that an enzyme or the like can easily act upon cleavage or detection.
- an oligonucleotide having a length of several tens to several tens of bases is easy to detect. Is preferred.
- it may be single-stranded or double-stranded, but is preferably double-stranded from the viewpoint of stability.
- the base sequence of the nucleic acid chain is preferably as specific as possible.
- the nucleic acid chain contained in the antibody complex and the antibody are bound via an adapter site.
- the structural stability of the oligonucleotide-conjugated antibody can be further increased, and the yield of the resulting complex can be further improved, and as a result, the detection sensitivity and the detection effect can be increased.
- this adapter site contains an immunoglobulin binding domain of protein G, protein A or protein L, other configurations are not particularly limited.
- the adapter site may contain protein G, protein A or protein L itself, or may contain fusion proteins of their immunoglobulin binding domains and other peptides.
- protein G, protein A, or protein L may be not only a wild type protein but also a mutant protein having immunoglobulin binding activity.
- the immunoglobulin binding domain is the region of amino acids 303-357, 373-427, and 443-497, respectively.
- GenBank accession number cDNA: M18264, protein: AAA26677 is the region of amino acids 39-88, 100-149, 158-207, 216-265, 274-323, and protein L (GenBank accession (number) cDNA: (M86697, protein: (AAAA25612)), it is the region of amino acids 115-173, 185-245, 257-317, 329-389, 400-462.
- the adapter part may include a tag necessary for manufacturing.
- the type of tag is not particularly limited and may be GST-tag, MBP-tag, myc-tag, flag-tag, etc., but since it can bind to low molecular nickel, it has no influence on the chemical crosslinking process,
- the tag is preferably a His-tag.
- the immunoglobulin binding domain contained in the adapter site is directly bound to the antibody, but it may be bound directly or indirectly to the nucleic acid chain.
- the biotin-binding domain of avidins and the immunoglobulin-binding domain of protein G, protein A or protein L are bound via a linker compound, or a fusion protein
- the linker compound for example, “Sulhsuccinimidy1 4- (N ⁇ maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (Sulfo ⁇ SMCC)” can be used.
- avidins since avidins usually form a homotetramer and have one biotin-binding domain per subunit, the entire protein has four biotin-binding domains.
- the biotin-binding domain used in the invention only needs to have one subunit, and may form a tetramer.
- monomeric avidin variants which have only one. So far, monomeric avidin mutants have been actively studied, but have often been unsuccessful (Qureshi, M. H., and Wong, S. L. (2002).
- Avidins are biotin-binding proteins such as avidin, streptavidin and neutravidin.
- biotin-binding domain is the region between amino acids 28-146
- the adapter site which is the amino acid 39-156 region, and the antibody are chemically cross-linked, but the type of cross-linking is not particularly limited .
- the amino acid residue that is cross-linked with the antibody is not particularly limited, but is preferably a residue in an immunoglobulin binding domain that is directly bound to the antibody.
- the antibody may be a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody as long as it can specifically bind to the antigen to be detected.
- the type of antibody is not limited, and may be, for example, IgG or IgM. However, the antibody must be of a type to which an immunoglobulin binding domain contained in the adapter site binds.
- an antibody complex containing a nucleic acid chain, an antibody, and an adapter site that binds the nucleic acid chain to the antibody
- the adapter site and the antibody are cross-linked to form a cross-linked antibody complex. Remarkably strong.
- the above antibody complex may include a cleavage site capable of cleaving the nucleic acid chain.
- This cleavage site may be provided in any of a nucleic acid, an antibody, and an adapter site.
- a cleavage site by a restriction enzyme when provided in an antibody or protein adapter, a cleavage site by a protease
- a crosslinker a divalent cross-linking agent or the like
- the characteristics vary depending on the location, such as a site cut by light irradiation or active oxygen.
- a marker such as a radioisotope, a fluorescent dye or an enzyme may be bound.
- a nucleic acid chain as a labeling part is bound to the adapter site, then the adapter site is fixed to the antibody to produce an antibody complex, and then the adapter site and the antibody are cross-linked using a chemical cross-linking agent. May be.
- the nucleic acid chain When the nucleic acid chain is directly bound to the adapter site, it may be bound anywhere in the adapter site.
- the end of the nucleic acid chain is modified with an amino group or a thiol group, and the amino group or carboxyl group in the adapter site , A functional group such as a thiol group and a suitable cross-linking agent can be used for chemical cross-linking.
- the adapter portion is bound to the biotin binding domain of avidin, the nucleic acid strand is biotinylated, and the two are mixed by a conventional method, thereby adapting the nucleic acid strand to the adapter. Can be attached to the part.
- both the adapter part and the nucleic acid chain are biotinylated in advance, and the adapter part and the nucleic acid chain are mixed by a conventional method and the avidin is added, whereby the nucleic acid chain is converted into the adapter part via the avidin. It can also be combined. Subsequently, an antibody complex can be obtained by mixing the adapter moiety / nucleic acid chain conjugate and the antibody by a conventional method.
- the antibody complex is treated with a chemical crosslinking agent to crosslink the adapter site in the antibody complex with the antibody.
- a chemical crosslinking agent Dimethyl Pimelimidate (DMP), Dimethyl suberimidate (DMS), Bis [Sulfosuccinimidyl] suberate (BS3), etc. can be used as the cross-linking agent, but the cross-linking efficiency is increased, and the antibody complex-adapter site is more specific. It is preferable to use DMP for crosslinking.
- the antigen to be detected is not particularly limited in terms of its type and mode of existence, but may be a protein, sugar, nucleic acid, purified product, or extract as long as it can be recognized by an antibody. Moreover, you may exist in a virus or a cell, In that case, you may use a virus or a cell for detection as it is. Accordingly, the test sample may be, for example, a biological component (tissue or blood) or an extract thereof, foods such as meat or vegetables, soil or river water.
- the method for producing the antigen-antibody complex is not particularly limited, and the antigen may or may not be immobilized on the support.
- the antigen may or may not be immobilized on the support.
- the antigen may or may not be immobilized on the support.
- the antigen may be directly bound to the support or indirectly bound. In the case of direct binding, a buffer containing the antigen may be brought into contact with the support.
- a substance for example, an antibody or the like
- the buffer containing the antigen may be brought into contact with the support.
- the latter indirect binding is preferable.
- the nucleic acid in the cross-linked antibody complex may be detected by PCR or the like for each container. However, in order to simplify the detection operation, the nucleic acid is recovered. Is preferred.
- the nucleic acid may be recovered together with the cross-linked antibody complex.
- the cross-linked antibody complex can be recovered by dissociating the antigen and the antibody according to a conventional method.
- only the nucleic acid may be recovered, and the cross-linked antibody complex may be denatured or decomposed by acid treatment, alkali treatment, heat treatment, protease treatment or the like.
- nucleic acid chain is separated from the antigen-antibody complex at this cleavage site and collected. By this recovery step, the nucleic acid strand can be concentrated before detection, and a smaller amount of nucleic acid strand can be detected.
- the detection method is not particularly limited, when a marker such as a radioisotope, a fluorescent dye, or an enzyme is bound to the nucleic acid chain, the marker may be detected. However, from the point of detection sensitivity, it is preferable to amplify and detect the nucleic acid chain.
- the amplification method may be a conventional method, and PCR method, LAMP method, ICAN method and the like can be used.
- a conventional method such as electrophoresis may be used.
- each antigen can be detected by using an antibody complex containing an antibody that specifically binds to each antigen and a nucleic acid chain that corresponds one-to-one with the type of antigen. It is possible to correspond to each nucleic acid strand. Thereby, each antigen can be detected individually by detecting each nucleic acid chain.
- Nucleic acid chains corresponding to different antigens may have specificity by changing the sequence, or may have specificity by changing the length. In the latter case, it is possible to use a common primer for DNA amplification.
- the nucleic acid chain can be given specificity by labeling with a different type of label (for example, alkaline phosphatase and HRP in the case of an enzyme).
- This kit contains a nucleic acid chain as a label, an antibody that specifically binds to an antigen to be detected, and an antibody complex that contains an adapter site that binds the nucleic acid chain to the antibody.
- the adapter site contains an immunoglobulin binding domain of protein G, protein A or protein L, and the adapter site and the antibody are chemically cross-linked.
- This kit may contain other components in addition to the cross-linked antibody complex, and may contain various buffers, detection reagents such as primers and enzymes.
- PCR was performed under the reaction conditions of ⁇ 95 ° C. 30 seconds-55 ° C. 30 seconds-72 ° C. 30 seconds 35 cycles> to amplify each double-stranded DNA.
- Each primer was designed so that has a restriction enzyme recognition site at both ends (base sequence in the lower case part).
- Protein G Primer F 5'-CATATGCACTTACAAATTAATCCTTAA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 9) Protein G Primer R: 5'-GAATTCGGATCCTTCACCGTCAACACCGTTG -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 10) Streptavidin primer F: 5'-GAATTCAAGCTTGCCGGCATCACCGGCACCTG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 11) Streptavidin primer R: 5'-CTGCAGCTGCTGAACGGCGTCGAGCG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 12) The obtained DNA fragment was cleaved with EcoRI, bound by ligation, PCR was performed again using protein G primer F and streptavidin primer R, and the fused DNA fragment was amplified.
- the amplified fusion DNA fragment was cleaved with NdeI and inserted into the NdeI site of this vector.
- a recombinant vector having a base sequence (SEQ ID NO: 14) encoding a protein G / streptavidin / His-tag fusion protein (SEQ ID NO: 13) was constructed.
- This recombinant vector was introduced into Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇ , induced to induce expression with IPTG, then E. coli was solubilized and nickel chelate was immobilized on a Sepharose bead (Product name: Ni-NTA agarose, company name: QIAGEN, product number) : 30210), the protein G / streptavidin / His-tag fusion protein was purified.
- An example of the analysis result of the protein after purification is shown in FIG.
- the streptavidin site of the fusion protein was bound to the biotinylated oligonucleotide. Thereafter, 60 ⁇ l (200 pmol) of the following antibody (0.5 mg / ml) was added, and the protein G site of the fusion protein was bound to the antibody while rotating at room temperature for 1 hour.
- Anti-hEGF antibody Type: goat polyclonal, Company name: R & D, Product number: AF236, Concentration: 0.5 mg / mL Anti-hIFN- ⁇ antibody: type: goat polyclonal, company name: R & D, product number: AF-285-NA, concentration: 0.5 mg / mL Anti-hIL-12 p70 antibody: Type: mouse IgG1, company name: R & D, product number: MAB611 (clone 24945), concentration: 0.5 mg / mL Anti-hIL-15 antibody: type: mouse IgG1, company name: R & D, product number: MAB247 (clone 34593), concentration: 0.5 mg / mL (2) Crosslinking reaction Immediately before use, DMP (Pierce, # 21667, MW 259.177) adjusted to 6 mM with a coupling buffer was added to the reaction solution in an equal amount (about 350 ⁇ l), mixed, and allowed to stand at room temperature
- each well is washed once with 300 ⁇ L of 1st wash Buffer (0.5 M NaCl / 0.05% Tween 20/20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4)) and 3 times with 2nd wash Buffer (0.05% Tween 20/300 ⁇ L of PBS). Washed.
- 1st wash Buffer 0.5 M NaCl / 0.05% Tween 20/20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4)
- 2nd wash Buffer 0.05% Tween 20/300 ⁇ L of PBS. Washed.
- Anti-hEGF antibody Type: mouse IgG1, Company name: R & D, Product number: MAB636 (clone 10827), Storage concentration: 0.5 mg / mL Anti-hIFN- ⁇ antibody: Type: mouse IgG2A, company name: R & D, product number: MAB2852 (clone K3.53), storage concentration: 0.5 mg / mL Anti-hIL-12 antibody: Type: goat polyclonal, Company name: R & D, Product number: AF-219-NA, Storage concentration: 0.5 mg / mL Anti-hIL-15 antibody: Type: mouse IgG1, Company name: R & D, Product number: MAB647 (clone 34505), Storage concentration: 0.5 mg / mL ⁇ Adjustment of antigen>
- an antigen diluent 1% BSA / PBS
- a stock solution of rhEGF (company name: R & D, product number: 236-EG, storage concentration: 200 ⁇ g / mL) was diluted 100,000 times to prepare 2000 ⁇ pg / mL. Furthermore, dilute the diluted antigen solution 10 times each to create 7 stages of 10-fold dilution series, including 8 concentrations (2000, 200, 20, 2) including negative control (0 (pg / mL, antigen dilution solution only) , 0.2, 0.02, 0.002, 0 [pg / mL]).
- a stock solution of rhIFN- ⁇ (company name: R & D, product number: 285-IF, storage concentration: 100 ⁇ g / mL) was diluted 5,000 times to prepare 20000 ⁇ pg / mL. Furthermore, dilute the diluted antigen solution 5 times each to create 7 stages of 5 times dilution series, including 8 concentrations (20000, 4000, 800, ,, including negative control (0 pg / mL, antigen dilution solution only)). 160, 32, 6.4, 1.28, 0 [pg / mL]) were prepared.
- a stock solution of rhIL-12 (company name: R & D, product number: 219-IL, storage concentration: 10 ⁇ g / mL) was diluted 250-fold with 1% BSA / PBS to prepare 40000 ⁇ pg / mL. Furthermore, dilute the diluted antigen solution 5 times each to prepare 7 stages of 5 times dilution series, including 8 concentrations (40000, 8000, 1600, 320) including negative control (0 (pg / mL, antigen dilution solution only). , 64, 12.8, 2.56, 0 [pg / mL]).
- a stock solution of rhIL-15 (company name: R & D, product number: 247-IL, storage concentration: 10 ⁇ g / mL) was diluted 2,500 times to prepare 4000 ⁇ pg / mL. Furthermore, dilute the diluted antigen solution 5 times at a time to prepare 7 stages of 5-fold dilution series, including 8 concentrations (4000, 800, 160, 160, including negative control (0 pg / mL, antigen dilution solution only)). 32, 6.4, 1.28, 0.256, 0 [pg / mL]) were prepared.
- the PCR was performed under the conditions of ⁇ 95 ° C., 15 min preheating, and then 95 ° C., 15 sec-60 ° C., 1 min for 35 cycles>.
- each calibration curve was standardized by subtracting the Ct value at each antigen concentration from the average of blank Ct values to obtain the difference ( ⁇ Ct). The result is shown in FIG.
- the antigen concentration at which ⁇ Ct is 3.3 times the standard deviation of the blank measurement value in each measurement system is taken as the detection limit on the low concentration side (the antigen at the detection limit on the low concentration side when MUSTag with cross-linking is used).
- (Concentration) / (antigen concentration at the detection limit on the low concentration side when using MUSTag without cross-linking) was taken as the detection sensitivity (sensitivity when using MUSTag without cross-linking was taken as 1).
- the limit of quantification on the high concentration side is the concentration at which the coefficient of variation (CV) of the converted value is 20% when ⁇ Ct at each antigen concentration is converted to a concentration using the obtained calibration curve. Calculated.
- Table 1 shows the detection limit on the low concentration side, the detection sensitivity, and the quantification limit on the high concentration side when each cytokine is used.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of a detection experiment performed on the antigen IL-15 using a concentration of 5 mM or 10 mM.
- the MUSTag cross-linked with DMS at this time showed the same reactivity as that cross-linked with DMP.
- BS3 a clear improvement in sensitivity and range width was confirmed as compared with the control.
- the reactivity of MUSTag can be improved by cross-linking reaction regardless of the type of amine-reactive cross-linking agent.
- the detection sensitivity of MUSTag could be improved by the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2008年6月30日付で日本特許庁へ出願した特願2008-171512に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、当該基礎出願を引用することにより、本明細書に含めるものとする。
本発明の抗体複合体は、標識としての核酸鎖、検出対象である抗原に特異的に結合する抗体、及び核酸鎖と抗体を結合するアダプター部位を含有し、アダプター部位は、プロテインG、プロテインAまたはプロテインLのいずれかのイムノグロブリン結合ドメインを含有し、アダプター部位と抗体とは、化学的に架橋されている。
アダプター部位と抗体は、化学的に架橋されているが、架橋の種類については、特に限定されない。例えば、アミノ基間架橋,カルボキシル基間架橋,チオール基間架橋などが挙げられる。アダプター部位の中で、抗体と架橋されるアミノ酸残基は特に限定されないが、抗体と直接結合しているイムノグロブリン結合ドメイン中の残基であることが好ましい。
核酸鎖、抗体、及び核酸鎖と抗体を結合するアダプター部位を含有する架橋型抗体複合体は、これらの構成要素を含有するように製造できれば、特に限定されない。
こうして製造された架橋型抗体複合体と、検出対象である抗原とを接触させて抗原抗体複合体を形成させる。
本発明にかかる架橋型抗体複合体を用いた抗原の検出を容易にするために、必要な試薬を抗原検出用キットとしてキット化してもよい。
まず、プロテインG/ストレプトアビジン/His-tagの融合タンパク質(以下、融合タンパク質と呼ぶ。)を作製した。まず、プロテインGにおけるIgG抗体Fc領域との結合領域を含む部分として、配列番号1(プロテインG全長、GenBank accession number:M13825)に示されるアミノ酸配列のうちの第228番目~第268番目のアミノ酸配列領域(配列番号2)をコードするDNA(配列番号3に示される塩基配列のうちの第1259番目~第1381番目の塩基配列(配列番号4))、及びストレプトアビジンにおけるビオチンとの結合領域を含む部分として、配列番号5(ストレプトアビジン全長、GenBank accession number:X03591)に示されるアミノ酸配列のうちの第39番目~第183番目のアミノ酸配列領域(配列番号6)をコードするDNA(配列番号7に示される塩基配列のうちの第164番目~第598番目の塩基配列領域(配列番号8)を、リン酸基部位無保護法による化学合成法によって合成した。この際、必要により、断片的に合成された個々の二本鎖DNAを結合させて、全長DNAを完成した。その後、合成した各DNAをそれぞれ鋳型とし、下記のプライマーを用いて、〈95℃30秒-55℃30秒-72℃30秒を35サイクル〉の反応条件でPCRを行い、各二本鎖DNAを増幅した。なお、PCRにより得られるDNA断片が両端(小文字部分の塩基配列)に制限酵素認識部位を有するように、各プライマーを設計した。
5'- CATATGCACTTACAAATTAATCCTTAA -3' (配列番号9)
プロテインGプライマーR:
5'- GAATTCGGATCCTTCACCGTCAACACCGTTG -3' (配列番号10)
ストレプトアビジンプライマーF:
5'- GAATTCAAGCTTGCCGGCATCACCGGCACCTG -3' (配列番号11)
ストレプトアビジンプライマーR:
5'- CTGCAGCTGCTGAACGGCGTCGAGCG -3' (配列番号12)
得られたDNA断片をEcoRIで切断後、ライゲーションによって結合させ、再度、プロテインGプライマーFとストレプトアビジンプライマーRを用いて、PCRを行い、融合DNA断片を増幅させた。
配列番号15の配列(131塩基)を有するDNAをインサートしたpcDNA3 (Invitrogen社製)を鋳型DNAとし、ビオチン化プライマー(5-MUSTagBio)を含む下記プライマー(配列番号16及び17)を使用して〈95℃60秒-55℃60秒-72℃30秒を35サイクル〉の反応条件でPCRを行うことにより、5'末端がビオチン化されたオリゴヌクレオチド鎖#1(配列番号15)を合成した。
5’-[Biotin]-CACTGCTTACTGGCTTATCGAAATGGAATTCTGCATGCATCTAGAGGGCCCTATTCTATAGCATAGTGTCACCTAAATGCTAGGCACCTTCTAGTTGCCAGCCATCTGTTGCACACCAAACGTGGCTTGCC-3’ (配列番号15)
同様に、配列番号18の配列を有するDNAをインサートしたpcDNA3 (Invitrogen社製)を鋳型とし、同じプライマー(配列番号16、17)を用いて、5'末端がビオチン化されたオリゴヌクレオチド鎖#7(配列番号18)を合成した。
5’-[Biotin]-CACTGCTTACTGGCTTATCGAAATGGAATTCTGCATGCATCTAGAGGGCCCTATTCTATAGCATAGTGTCACCTAAATGCTAGGCAACCGACAATTGCATGAAGAACTCGCACATTGACGTCAATAATGACGTATGTTCCCACCACCAAACGTGGCTTGCC-3’ (配列番号18)
〈PCR用プライマーの配列〉
5-MUSTag primer Bio-F:
5'-[Biotin]-CACTGCTTACTGGCTTATCGAAA-3' (配列番号16)
3-MUSTag primer R:
5'-GGCAAGCCACGTTTGGTG-3' (配列番号17)
==架橋型抗体複合体の作製==
(1)オリゴヌクレオチドと抗体の融合タンパク質への結合
微量遠心チューブに、結合バッファー(0.2 M Borate pH 9.0, 0.5 M NaCl, 0.1 mM EDTA, 0.05% Monocaprate)243.4 μl、融合タンパク質 6.6 μl(100 pmol)、ビオチン化オリゴヌクレオチド(IFN-γ及びIL-12に対しては#1、EGF及びIL-15に対しては#7)を40 μl(100 pmol)加え、室温で0.5時間、回転させながら、融合タンパク質のストレプトアビジン部位とビオチン化オリゴヌクレオチドを結合させた。その後、下記の抗体(0.5 mg/ml)を60 μl(200 pmol)加え、室温で1時間、回転させながら、融合タンパク質のプロテインG部位と抗体を結合させた。
抗hEGF抗体:種類:goat polyclonal、会社名:R&D、製品番号:AF236、濃度:0.5 mg/mL
抗hIFN-γ抗体:種類:goat polyclonal、会社名:R&D、製品番号:AF-285-NA、濃度:0.5 mg/mL
抗hIL-12 p70抗体:種類:mouse IgG1、会社名:R&D、製品番号:MAB611(clone 24945)、濃度:0.5 mg/mL
抗hIL-15抗体:種類:mouse IgG1、会社名:R&D、製品番号:MAB247(clone 34593)、濃度:0.5 mg/mL
(2)架橋反応
使用直前にカップリングバッファーで6 mMに調整したDMP(Pierce, #21667, MW 259.177)を反応溶液と等量(約350 μl)加えて混合し、1時間、室温で静置した。1M Tris(pH 7.4)を最終濃度50 mMになるように加えて、15分間、室温で静置し、架橋反応を停止させた後、0.45 μm PTFEフィルター(製品名:Millex FH, 会社名:Millipore, 製品番号:SLFHR04NL)でろ過した。最後に、下記の条件で反応液をゲル濾過クロマトグラフィーにより分画し、最も分子量の大きいピークの画分を回収してMUSTag溶液とした。溶液中のMUSTagの濃度は、作製に用いた抗体を標準とし、ELISAで比較することにより測定した。
機器:製品名:SMART system, 会社名:旧Pharmacia(現GE Healthcare, 製造中止品)
カラム:製品名:Superdex 200 PC 3.2/30, 会社名:GE Healthcare, 製品番号:17-1089-01)
バッファー:10 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4, 0.5 M NaCl, 0.1 mM EDTA, 0.05% Monocaprate
流速:100 μl/min
(3)抗原とMUSTagの結合
EGF、IFN-γ、IL-12、IL-15のそれぞれに対する下記捕捉用抗体を、固相化用バッファー(0.05 M NaHCO3-Na2CO3 Buffer(pH 9.6)、0.02% sodium azide)で2 μg/mLの濃度に調製し、96ウェルプレートの各ウェルに50 μl加えて4 ℃で一晩静置することにより、捕捉用抗体をプレートに固相化した。固相化後、ウェル内の液を捨て、1% BSA / PBSを50 μl加えて60分間室温で静置し、プレートのブロッキングを行った。その後、以下のように調整した8段階の濃度の各抗原を50μl加えて混合し、室温で60分間静置してプレート上に固相化した捕捉用抗体と結合させた。抗体結合後、ウェル内の溶液を捨て、MUSTag希釈液(1% BSA / 0.05% Tween 20 / 0.45 M NaCl / 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 Buffer (pH 7.4))で8 ng/mLの濃度に調製した架橋MUSTag、及び、コントロールとして、架橋していないMUSTagを、25 μL添加し、室温で60分間放置して、抗原に結合させた。その後、1st wash Buffer(0.5 M NaCl / 0.05% Tween 20 / 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4))300 μLで1回、2nd wash Buffer(0.05% Tween 20 / PBS 300 μL)で3回各ウェルを洗浄した。
抗hEGF抗体:種類:mouse IgG1、会社名:R&D、製品番号:MAB636(clone 10827)、保存濃度:0.5 mg/mL
抗hIFN-γ抗体:種類:mouse IgG2A、会社名:R&D、製品番号:MAB2852(clone K3.53)、保存濃度:0.5 mg/mL
抗hIL-12抗体:種類:goat polyclonal、会社名:R&D、製品番号:AF-219-NA、保存濃度:0.5 mg/mL
抗hIL-15抗体:種類:mouse IgG1、会社名:R&D、製品番号:MAB647(clone 34505)、保存濃度:0.5 mg/mL
〈抗原の調整〉
以下、各抗原の希釈には、抗原希釈液(1% BSA / PBS)を用いた。
洗浄後の各ウェルの溶液を完全に除去し、EcoRI酵素溶液(7.5 unit/mL EcoRI / 50 mM NaCl / 10 mM MgCl2 / 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4))を30 μL(EcoRI 0.225 unit/well含有)を添加して室温で15分反応させ、抗体複合体のオリゴヌクレオチド鎖を切断した。反応後の上清を回収して、この上清3 μlに対し、下記のプライマー及びプローブ(プライマーの配列は#1と#7で共通)を用いてリアルタイムPCRを行った。なお、PCRは、〈95 ℃, 15 minのプレヒーティングの後、95 ℃, 15 sec-60 ℃, 1 minを35サイクル〉という条件で行った。リアルタイムPCRによるDNA鎖の合成反応に伴い変動する蛍光量を、反応開始後1サイクル毎に測定することにより、抗原の各希釈系列のウェルごとに、増幅断片の検出の可否、及び増幅量の変化を観察した。
Forward primer: 5’-GGGCGGCTGCATCTAGAGGGCCCTATTCTATA-3’(配列番号19)
Reverse primer: 5’-GGCAAGCCACGTTTGGTG-3’(配列番号20)
Probe for #1: 5’-CCTTCTAGTTGCCAGCCATCTGTT-3’(配列番号21)
Probe for #7: 5’-ACCGACAATTGCATGAAGAACTC-3’(配列番号22)
上記検出方法において、抗原抗体反応の検出結果は、Ct値(PCRにより増幅されたDNAが基準量に達するのに要したサイクル数)で示される。その結果を図2に示す。
架橋反応により、goat polyclonal製のMUSTag(EGF, IFN-γ)で3~5倍、mouse monoclonal製のMUSTag(IL-12, IL-15)で20~100倍の感度向上が得られた。このような低濃度での最高感度のみでなく高濃度側の定量限界も改善されており、測定可能範囲全体が広くなっていた。
DMPに代えて、架橋剤としてDMS(PIERCE、#20700、MW:273.2、最終濃度:2 mM)やBS3(PIERCE、#21580、MW:572.43、最終濃度:5 mMまたは10 mM)を用い、抗原IL-15に対して検出実験を行った結果を図4に示す。この時のDMSでクロスリンクを行ったMUSTagに関しては、DMPで架橋したものと同等の反応性を示した。BS3による架橋においても、コントロールと比べ、明確な感度・レンジ幅の向上が確認された。
Claims (13)
- 抗原を検出するための抗体複合体であって、
標識としての核酸鎖、前記抗原に特異的に結合する抗体、及び前記核酸鎖と前記抗体を結合するアダプター部位を含有し、
前記アダプター部位は、プロテインG、プロテインAまたはプロテインLのいずれかのイムノグロブリン結合ドメインを含有し、
前記アダプター部位と前記抗体とは、化学的に架橋されていることを特徴とする抗体複合体。 - 前記核酸鎖を切り離すことができる切断部位を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体複合体。
- 前記切断部位は、制限酵素、光照射、または活性酸素によって切断されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の抗体複合体。
- 前記アダプター部位は、アビジン類のビオチン結合ドメインと、プロテインG、プロテインAまたはプロテインLのイムノグロブリン結合ドメインとを含む融合タンパク質を含有し、核酸鎖がビオチン結合核酸であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の抗体複合体。
- 前記抗体は、モノクローナル抗体であることを特徴とする請求項1~4に記載の抗体複合体。
- 抗原を検出する方法であって、
前記抗原と、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の抗体複合体を接触させて、前記抗原と前記抗体複合体を含有する抗原抗体複合体を形成させる工程と、
前記オリゴヌクレオチド鎖を検出する検出工程と、を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記抗原抗体複合体は、請求項2または3に記載の抗体複合体を含み、
前記検出工程は、前記切断部位で前記オリゴヌクレオチド鎖を切り離し、回収する工程、を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記検出工程は、
前記オリゴヌクレオチド鎖を増幅する工程と、
増幅された前記オリゴヌクレオチド鎖を検出する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の方法。 - 抗原の検出用キットであって、
標識としての核酸鎖、前記抗原に特異的に結合する抗体、及び前記核酸鎖と前記抗体を結合するアダプター部位を含有する抗体複合体を含有し、
前記アダプター部位は、プロテインG、プロテインAまたはプロテインLのいずれかのイムノグロブリン結合ドメインを含有し、
前記アダプター部位と前記抗体とは、化学的に架橋されていることを特徴とするキット。 - 前記抗体複合体は、前記核酸鎖を切り離すことができる切断部位を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載のキット。
- 前記切断部位は、制限酵素、光照射、または活性酸素によって切断されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載のキット。
- 前記アダプター部位は、アビジン類のビオチン結合ドメインと、プロテインG、プロテインAまたはプロテインLのイムノグロブリン結合ドメインとを含む融合タンパク質を含有し、核酸鎖がビオチン結合核酸であることを特徴とする請求項9~11のいずれかに記載のキット。
- 前記抗体は、モノクローナル抗体であることを特徴とする請求項9~12のいずれかに記載のキット。
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JP5346507B2 (ja) | 2013-11-20 |
US20110189690A1 (en) | 2011-08-04 |
EP2308899A1 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
JP2010006788A (ja) | 2010-01-14 |
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