Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
  • G05D9/00—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel
  • G05D9/12—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel characterised by the use of electric means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16T—STEAM TRAPS OR LIKE APPARATUS FOR DRAINING-OFF LIQUIDS FROM ENCLOSURES PREDOMINANTLY CONTAINING GASES OR VAPOURS
  • F16T1/00—Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers

Definitions

• the present invention concerns a method for controlling a compressed air unit such as a compressor unit, a dryer unit or the like as well as a compressed air unit to apply such a method.
• a disadvantage of such a method according to US 6,588,443 B2 is that many valves are required and that a device for applying such a method is voluminous, as several valves and connections are present. Another disadvantage of such a method is that it cannot be used to perform other functions than to discharge condensate.
• EP 0,391,250 A2 is known a device which can be used to discharge a condensate until a set level is reached, as soon as another pre-set maximum level of condensate has been reached in a collector.
• a disadvantage of this configuration is that no other measuring signals are taken into account and that such a configuration is only suitable for discharging the condensate coming from only one collector to an open reservoir, and in that it cannot be used to perform other functions .
• the present invention aims to provide a method for controlling a compressed air unit, which method has been improved in many different aspects compared to the known methods .
• the present invention concerns a method for controlling a compressed air unit which is provided with at least one controllable drain valve, characterised in that this method comprises the step of controlling the above- mentioned drain valve, at least on the basis of a system parameter which is not a system parameter on the feed side of said drain valve.
• a drain valve With the feed side of the drain valve is meant the inlet side of the valve here or, in other words, the side which is upstream in relation to said drain valve.
• a drain valve is meant a valve which can be used to drain condensate, but it is not excluded to use such a valve for other functions as well.
• An advantage of a method according to the invention is that it allows to realize a simple and compact configuration, since only a limited number of valves are required.
• the above-mentioned system parameter hereby consists of a measurable, physical parameter appearing in the compressed air unit, such as a temperature value, a pressure value, a liquid level or the like, or an internal status signal which is generated on the basis of a measurable physical parameter .
• an internal status signal is meant a signal which is calculated in a controller or determined by means of the measurement of a physical parameter.
• An example of such an application consists in realising a control by means of a timer which starts on the basis of the registration of a certain measurable, physical parameter.
• An advantage of the method according to the invention is that it allows to perform certain functions which have been realised up to now by means of separate components, such as blow-off valves or the like, by means of drain valves, such that certain components are no longer required.
• the method also comprises the steps of determining the pressure on the feed side of at least two drain valves which are part of the compressed air unit and of controlling the different drain valves in such a way that two drain valves having different pressure values on the feed side will not be open simultaneously.
• An advantage of this specific method is that it avoids two drain valves to be open simultaneously, as a result of which condensate is prevented from flowing from one part of the compressed air unit to another part thereof having a lower pressure.
• the method comprises the step of controlling two different drain valves which are part of the compressed air unit in such a way that they can never be open simultaneousIy.
• the present invention also concerns a compressed air unit which makes it possible to apply a method as described above, which compressed air unit, according to the specific characteristic of the invention, is provided with at least one drain valve which is connected in a controllable manner to a controller, and whereby detection means are also connected to the above-mentioned controller for determining at least one system parameter which is not a system parameter on the feed side of said drain valve, and whereby the above-mentioned controller comprises an algorithm for controlling the drain valve on the basis of this determination of said system parameter.
• This figure represents a compressed air unit 1 which is in this case provided with a two-stage compressor having a low pressure stage 2 which is connected to a suction line 3 and which is connected to a high pressure stage 4 with its outlet side.
• an intercooler 5 As well as a first liquid separator 6 onto which is connected a first drain pipe 7 in which is provided a first drain valve 8.
• a non-return valve 10 which allows for a flow of the high pressure stage 4 in the compressed air line 9 and which prevents compressed gas, when the two-stage compressor is switched off, from flowing from the components, which are still under pressure and- which are situated downstream said two-stage compressor, back to the suction line 3.
• the compressed air unit 1 also comprises a drying device to dry the gas coming from the two-stage compressor, which drying device mainly consists of a dryer 11 of the type which is described in BE 1,005,64 and which is formed of a pressure vessel 12 with a drying zone 13 and a regeneration zone 14, with a rotor 15 which is built of a cylindrical drying element 16 in which is provided an adsorption and/or absorption medium which is alternately guided through the drying zone 13 and the regeneration zone 14.
• a drying device to dry the gas coming from the two-stage compressor which drying device mainly consists of a dryer 11 of the type which is described in BE 1,005,64 and which is formed of a pressure vessel 12 with a drying zone 13 and a regeneration zone 14, with a rotor 15 which is built of a cylindrical drying element 16 in which is provided an adsorption and/or absorption medium which is alternately guided through the drying zone 13 and the regeneration zone 14.
• the dryer 11 comprises a main duct 17 which is connected to the compressed air line 9 and which connects the dryer 11 to the outlet of the high pressure stage 4 and which opens in a mixing device 18 whose outlet is connected to the inlet of the above-mentioned drying zone 13.
• An outlet line 19 connects the outlet of the drying zone 13 to a consumer network 20, whereby the outlet line 19 and the consumer network 20 are separated by a non-return valve 21.
• a side duct couples the compressed air line 9 to the inlet of the regeneration zone 14.
• This regeneration zone 14 consists of a sector of the rotor 15 which is closed off on both axial sides by means of screens 23. The remainder of the rotor 6 forms the drying zone .
• the above-mentioned main duct 17 is in this case provided with an aftercooler 24 and a second liquid separator 25 provided downstream said aftercooler 24 which is equipped with a second drain pipe 26 in which is provided a second drain valve 27.
• the mixing device 18 consists of an ejector which, as is known, comprises a jet pipe 28 and a mixing pipe 29, in between which is provided a suction opening 30.
• the mixing pipe 29 gives out at the inlet of the drying zone 13.
• the mixing device 18 is used in this case, in the known manner, as the driving shaft for the rotor 15, to which end the mixing pipe 29 is connected to a motor, not represented in the figure, by means of a shaft which is connected to the mixing pipe 29 by means of a coupling.
• the above-mentioned outlet line 19 of the dryer 11 can be connected to the main duct 17, as is customary, by means of a bypass 31 which, in this case, just as the main duct 17, the outlet line 19 and the side duct 22, comprises a shut- off valve 32.
• the outlet of the regeneration zone 14 is connected to an inner space 34 in the pressure vessel 12 via a cooling pipe 33, which inner space 34 is connected to the above- mentioned suction opening 30.
• a regeneration cooler 35 which is for example but not necessarily air-cooled but which, in principle, may have the shape of any type of heat exchanger whatsoever.
• a third drain pipe 36 is connected, in which a third drain valve 37 is provided in this case.
• a fourth drain pipe 38 wherein also a fourth drain valve 39 is provided.
• Each of the above-mentioned drain pipes 7, 26, 36 and 38 is in this example but not necessarily connected to a single common reservoir 40. However, it is also possible according to the invention to provide several reservoirs and/or to use an open reservoir.
• the compressed air unit 1 further comprises a controller 41 with which the drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39 are connected in a controllable manner and onto which are also connected detection means to at least determine a system parameter which is not a system parameter on the feed side of a controllable drain valve concerned, and, in this case, several system parameters, namely the measured values of the system pressure and of the liquid levels on the feed sides of the respective drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39.
• the above-mentioned detection means comprise four pressure sensors 42 to 45 which are each provided on the feed side of an aforesaid drain valve 8, 27, 37 and 39.
• the first pressure sensor 42 is provided in the intercooler 5
• the second pressure sensor 43 is provided in the aftercooler 24
• the third pressure sensor 44 measures the pressure in the space 34
• the fourth pressure sensor 45 is mounted such that it measures the pressure at the inlet of the drying zone 13.
• the detection means in this case comprise two level sensors 46 and 47, provided in the respective liquid separators 6, 25, and two level sensors 48 and 49 which are provided in the dryer 11, on the feed side of the drain valves 37, 39 respectively, whereby each of these level sensors 46 to 49 are also connected to the above-mentioned controller 41.
• the invention is not limited to the use of the pressure and level sensors represented in the figures; on the contrary, also other configurations are possible. Thus, it is possible to omit one or several level sensors, for example.
• a gas for example air
• the suction line 3 which gas is first compressed through the low pressure stage 2 and is subsequently pressed through the intercooler 5 and the first liquid separator 6 to the high pressure stage 4 to be further compressed there.
• the water vapour which is present in the gas flow may condense, as is known, as a result of which liquid drops are formed in the gas flow which are separated from the gas flow in the first liquid separator 6.
• the compressed, saturated gas leaving the second liquid separator 25 then flows in the dryer 11, where the gas to be dried is guided through the mixing device 18 and is subsequently dried by means of adsorption and/or absorption medium which takes up moisture from the gas.
• the dried gas is subsequently guided through the outlet line 19 to the consumer network 20.
• the rotor 15 is driven at low speed by the motor, as is known, whereby the adsorption and/or absorption medium is alternately guided through the drying zone 13 and the regeneration zone 14.
• the side duct 22 guides a part of the gas to be dried from the compressed air line 9 to the regeneration zone 14, which part of the gas does not flow through the main duct 17 and consequently is not cooled in the aftercooler 24.
• the gas to be dried is still relatively hot and unsaturated, such that it can take up moisture from the adsorption and/or absorption medium as it flows through the regeneration zone 14.
• the gas is guided to the regeneration cooler 35 via the cooling pipe 33, to be subsequently sucked in, via the space 34 and through the suction opening 30, in the mixing pipe 29, where this gas is mixed with gas to be dried from the main duct 17.
• the method according to the invention for controlling a compressed air unit comprises the step of controlling the drain valve 8, 27, 37 or 39, at least on the basis of a system parameter which is not a system parameter on the feed side of the drain valve 8, 27, 37 or 39 concerned, so as to discharge condensate via said drain valves 8, 27, 37 or 39 to the reservoir 40.
• the controller 41 is provided with an algorithm to control at least one, and in this case all the drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39 in this way.
• the above-mentioned system parameter in this case comprises measured values of the system pressure on the feed side of the respective drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39, which measured values are determined by the respective pressure sensors 42 to 45; however, in the present example, the liquid level on the feed side of the drain valves 6 and 25 is also taken into account.
• the different drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39 are preferably controlled such by the controller 41 that two drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39 having different pressure values on the feed side cannot be open simultaneously.
• the method in this case also comprises the step of determining the liquid level on the feed side of a drain valve 8, 27, 37 and 39, and to open the drain valve 8, 27, 37 or 39 concerned as soon as the measured liquid level exceeds a preset limit value.
• controller 41 which is connected to level sensors 46 to 49 to this end, and which can always take the respective measured pressure values on the feed side of the drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39 into account when applying this method.
• these drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39 can also be used for other functions than to discharge condensate, such as for example to blow off gas.
• this can be applied for example to regenerate the dryer during a standstill, whereby gas which is sent through the drying device 16 can be blown off via the drain valves 37 and/or 39.
• the drain valve 8 which is provided immediately after, i.e. downstream the intercooler 5, can also be used to blow off the intercooler pressure in order to empty the intercooler volume.
• the method according to the invention preferably also comprises the step of generating an alarm when an improper measured value is registered by the above-mentioned controller 41, as the above-mentioned parameter does not change in the way intended by the controller 41, whereby at least the above-mentioned system parameter which is different from the liquid level on the feed side of a drain valve is taken into account, and, possibly, the liquid level on the feed side of a drain valve.
• An example thereof is that, if one of the drain valves 8 or 27 is opened by the controller 41 as a too high liquid level is detected by the concerning level sensor, and the level sensor 46 or 47 on the feed side of another drain valve 8 or 27 does not detect liquid anymore, one can easily deduce that the wiring of either a drain valve 8 or 27, or a level sensor 46 or 47 was not executed correctly.
• An advantage of a compressed air unit 1 according to the invention is that it makes it possible to determine the volume of condensate that has been discharged via the drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39.
• the amount of condensate to be expected in a compressor can be calculated on the basis of the humidity of the sucked-in air, the mass flow, pressure values and temperatures.
• volume of separated condensate is larger than the calculated value, this may indicate for example that there is a liquid leak from a liquid circuit to the gas side.
• Another advantage of a method according to the invention for discharging condensate consists in that no check valve must be provided in a compressor or a unit where the pressure in the condensate reservoir could drop below atmospheric pressure. This can be detected by means of the controller 41 which takes this into account to control the drain valve concerned, such that the check valve is no longer necessary on the drainage outlet.
• the major system parameters which are used to control the drain valves 8, 27, 37 and 39 consist of system pressures and liquid levels, but it is not excluded according to the invention for other system parameters to be used to this end as well, such as for example temperature values , or to use a combination of different parameters.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Drying Of Gases (AREA)
• Compressor (AREA)
• Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
• Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
• Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
• Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
• Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
• Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-07-02 BE BE2008/0366A patent/BE1018206A3/nl active
• 2009
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