WO2009138247A2 - Dispositif et procédé de commande et/ou de régulation de la consommation en énergie et/ou de la contrainte thermique d'un ordinateur et/ou des ses composants semi-conducteurs et/ou de son unité d'alimentation en tension - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de commande et/ou de régulation de la consommation en énergie et/ou de la contrainte thermique d'un ordinateur et/ou des ses composants semi-conducteurs et/ou de son unité d'alimentation en tension Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009138247A2
WO2009138247A2 PCT/EP2009/003488 EP2009003488W WO2009138247A2 WO 2009138247 A2 WO2009138247 A2 WO 2009138247A2 EP 2009003488 W EP2009003488 W EP 2009003488W WO 2009138247 A2 WO2009138247 A2 WO 2009138247A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
chipset
unit
signals
controllers
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Application number
PCT/EP2009/003488
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German (de)
English (en)
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WO2009138247A3 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Stark
Original Assignee
Stark Christoph
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Publication of WO2009138247A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009138247A2/fr
Publication of WO2009138247A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009138247A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/20—Cooling means
    • G06F1/206—Cooling means comprising thermal management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3206—Monitoring of events, devices or parameters that trigger a change in power modality
    • G06F1/3215—Monitoring of peripheral devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3234—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken
    • G06F1/3296—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken by lowering the supply or operating voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for controlling and / or regulating the energy consumption and / or the thermal load of a computer and / or its semiconductor components and / or its power supply unit.
  • the apparatus and method are particularly suitable for use in computers, processor systems and their power supplies, and more particularly relate to power management in computers and processor systems.
  • the invention also provides a monitoring system for reducing its thermal load.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show block diagrams of embodiments of the computer and processor devices with an "external" supply voltage unit (power supply) 24, which supplies the energy necessary for the operation of the device and which is supplied by the external energy sources 25 (eg AC mains, DC grid, rechargeable battery)
  • the main voltages 06 generated by the "external" supply voltage unit supply the electrical energy required for the device, which is supplied by the power distribution unit 01 via the voltage lines 30 to the integrated circuits ("integrated circuits")
  • the power distribution control unit 03 takes over the switching on and off of the individual voltages with the "enable" signals for the individual voltages 04 as a function of different operating voltages ends of the computer or processor device, such as e.g.
  • the power distribution unit 01 optionally supplies the peripheral components 23 (e.g., USB ports, mice, etc.) via the associated power supply lines 31.
  • a further connection of the functionality of the chipset to the power distribution unit 01 is achieved via the IO bus 14.
  • the individual main voltages 06 can be switched on and off or with each other using the power switching unit 13 and the control signals 15.
  • the on and off state of the entire device as well as the presence of the voltages ("power good", “power ON") of the "external" supply voltage unit 24 is accomplished by means of the signals 28 (see also Fig. 3).
  • the IO programming unit 07 serves to program or reprogram the power distribution control unit 03 as needed via the programming bus 27 (e.g., JTAG) to achieve the desired behavior of the respective power supply lines of the chipset 30.
  • the programming bus 27 e.g., JTAG
  • the power distribution control unit 03 and the peripheral components 23 may be connected to the chipset hardware 34 via the chipset buses 22 or through dedicated system group signal busses (eg, PCI, PCI-express, USB, I2C, SPI 1, etc.).
  • dedicated system group signal busses eg, PCI, PCI-express, USB, I2C, SPI 1, etc.
  • the reduction of the energy consumption and the thermal load of the ICs in the computer devices is realized by a variety of methods.
  • the main group hereunder are methods which achieve a reduction in energy consumption by changing the level of the supply voltage on the chipset ICs or the frequency-corresponding clock signals (eg frequency height, frequency throttling) and by switching the respective areas of the chipset hardware on and off ,
  • the key concepts for this are as part of the research project of IBM Austin Research Laboratory (ARL) "Dynamic Power Management" by William Weinberg, in “Managed Power”; Electronics 25/2004; http://www.elektroniknet.de described.
  • ARL IBM Austin Research Laboratory
  • Audio output Decrease the volume, disable the power amp
  • the hardware can be controlled accordingly.
  • the hardware implemented methods are then achievable by the chipset performance registers 32 and can be used for the desired enforcement of the respective behavior desired by the designer of the computer and / or the user of the computer.
  • the second group of energy-saving methods includes pure software processes, which are implemented specifically by the design of the operating system.
  • ⁇ Sleep A Technique for Reducing Energy Consumption in Handheld Devices
  • the International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 6-9 June 2004, introduces a so-called ⁇ Sleep method, which is the CPU in a short-term sleep mode sends, if there are no tasks in such a way that the user does not notice.
  • the CPU is woken up in time for the next event by a cyclic real-time clock or by an external event from the ⁇ Sleep mode
  • Another group of methods for reducing the power consumption and thermal load of the computer uses the signals of the temperature measurement units 12 of the chipset hardware 34 and the signals of the load measurement unit 10 of the chipset software 35. These signals are processed in a temperature and computation power control unit 26, which controls the chipset performance registers 32 and the fan control unit 19 in response to the signal values.
  • the temperature and computation power control unit 26 may be implemented in both the BIOS software, the operating system, and an application.
  • FIG. 7 shows the state diagram of the ACPI system, on its basis, various methods and algorithms exist, the handling of the control of the chipset All of these methods use only the temperature and load measurement signals provided by the temperature measurement unit 12 and the load measurement unit 10. They are either in the BIOS software, in the software of the operating system, or even in an application , ie in an application software or a corresponding program to find.
  • ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
  • a computer or a computer Device includes variants with a so-called Computer ON Module (COM) unit 226.
  • Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a most common embodiment with a COM unit.
  • the design of a computer device using a COM unit 226 has the goal of being able to use chipsets of different manufacturers and different computing power classes with only one baseboard module. Since the hardware interfaces 236 between the COM unit 226 and the baseboard are standardized, both assemblies can be developed separately. For this reason, two power distribution units 201m and 201s are used in such systems. Likewise, there are two power distribution control units 203m and 203s to map the complete functionality of the device. The baseboard temperature signals 218 must be read in via the chipset buses 22. Otherwise, the same methods and algorithms are used for the control of power consumption, temperature stress on the assemblies and computing power of the system as in FIG.
  • a power distribution scheme for a computing device having a COM unit 226 may optionally be extended to include further slave units. It is also possible to reduce the functionality of the power distribution on the baseboard so that the complete control is handled by the master power distribution control unit 203m. This would then be a special case of the block diagram shown in FIG.
  • a personal computer (PC) or computer device is powered from external power sources 25 during operation.
  • energy sources included AC voltage sources (AC voltage) or DC voltage sources (DC voltage), which are either in the form of a DC network or as an accumulator or battery. 3, an ATX network is shown, which is often used in computer devices as an "external" power supply unit 24.
  • the power source 25 can be used in this case
  • Supply voltage unit can be used in an AC network in the range 11 OVAC to 230VAC and 50Hz to 60Hz.
  • 4 shows an "external" supply voltage unit, which is also fed from an AC network, which, however, only a single main voltage 06 supplies.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of the generation of the main voltage 06 from an accumulator, which assumes the role of the energy sources 25.
  • AC and DC power sources 25 are used to load with the energy of the AC network and the accumulator used as a DC power source.
  • Chipset properties and at the same time the ability to use processors with different behavior in the context of a chipset requires a flexible system that also maximizes all physical relationships between the computing power, the power consumption of the chipset and the entire device, the current temperature of the individual device areas (thermal zones ) and the actual time utilization of the computing power can be considered and regulated.
  • the systems known from the prior art not all options mentioned are used by far, especially not in a meaningful and efficient combination.
  • the primary object of the present invention may be to provide an improved power management system and method for a variety of types of computers and computers and their chipsets.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for controlling and / or regulating the energy consumption and / or the thermal load of a computer and / or its semiconductor components and / or its power supply unit.
  • the device and the method are particularly suitable for use in computers,
  • the invention also provides a monitoring system for reducing its thermal load.
  • the invention relates to a computer system, a supply voltage unit and / or controller for controlling and regulating the energy consumption and thermal load in computers.
  • the device comprises a supply voltage unit that generates from the voltages of the external energy sources one or more regulated and adjustable by voltage regulation unit with the power controller unit main voltages.
  • the apparatus further includes a power distribution unit that can distribute and affect the power delivered by the supply voltage unit via the lines of the main voltages to the chipset.
  • there is a chipset that can provide data processing functionality. At least one fan control unit serves to ensure additional cooling of the chipset and other components.
  • a power dissipation controller which may be housed in either the power distribution control unit or the chipset or in the external power supply unit, provides monitoring and control of power consumption as well as cool down of the chipset to sensible temperature ranges as needed. Furthermore, it is provided in the device according to the invention that the power consumption of the chipset and the peripheral components is determined at least by a power measurement unit (L signals) and by the power loss controller, which the necessary settings for the control of energy consumption in the chipset performance register (CPR ) is controlled by the TA signals of the temperature measurement unit (T) and, if possible, the load measurement unit (A) are used for the calculation in the control function. Furthermore, it can be provided that the power control unit by changing the height of the main voltages the most efficient operating point of the
  • At least one of the two regulators may be connected to the chipset performance registers via the communication modules and communication interface to directly affect the chipset utilization and its power dissipation from the chipset voltages.
  • at least one of the two regulators can also regulate operating system-independent and autonomous, based on the L, T and / or TA signals of the at least one of the measuring units, both the power consumption of the entire computer device and the fan control unit such that the energy consumption the chipset is minimized while maintaining the requested data processing functionality and / or the chip set is sufficiently cooled.
  • T signals temperature signals
  • L signal power signal
  • At least one of the two regulators and / or may be connected to the chipset such that it receives the interrupt request signals of the chipset and can send system management and system control interrupt interface (SMI / SCI) signals to the chipset for power consumption to control the chipset.
  • SCI system management and system control interrupt interface
  • the power distribution unit comprises a power measurement unit which measures the power transmitted via the power supply lines of the chipset, the measured values of which are transmitted by means of the power signals to at least one of the two controllers and / or.
  • a power measurement unit which measures the power transmitted via the power supply lines of the chipset, the measured values of which are transmitted by means of the power signals to at least one of the two controllers and / or.
  • Embodiment of the invention provide that the stored in the chipset performance registers (CPR) values the power distribution unit and other components of the chipset hardware based on the "Enable" signals and / or the control signals and / or the IO bus on the Power distribution unit and / or the chipset software influence so that the individual power supply lines of the chipset are influenced so that they are connected separable and / or the voltage level of individual lines and / or various clock frequencies of the chipset are changed accordingly.
  • CPR chipset performance registers
  • the settings of the two controllers can be edited manually via a user interface using a communication interface and / or via a service and diagnostic unit with the programming and diagnostic bus and / or by the chipset software. Furthermore, it may be useful to store the settings of the two controllers in a memory unit and to provide for further processing via the communication interface if required.
  • the device comprises a service and diagnosis unit which is connected to the two controllers via a programming and diagnostic bus and / or to the diagnostic module, the two controllers being connected via the service and diagnostic unit communicates with external devices such as personal computers, USB devices, etc., and / or is programmable.
  • the apparatus may further comprise a signal group bus to which both the power distribution control unit and the chipset are connected, wherein signals may be communicated between the power distribution control unit and the chipset.
  • the power distribution controller and controllers may be connected to the chipset via an I / O bus and / or one of the chipset buses, where the power distribution controller and the controllers are connected to an I / O system of the I / O bus via the I / O bus Chipset communicate and / or are programmable.
  • the signals of the I / O bus and / or the SMI / SCI signals and / or the INT request signals and / or the L, A or T signals can also be routed via the signal group bus.
  • the signals of the I / O bus and / or the SMI / SCI signals and / or the INT request signals and / or the L, A or T signals can also be routed via the signal group bus.
  • the signals of the I / O bus and / or the SMI / SCI signals and / or the INT request signals and / or the L, A or T signals can also be routed via the signal group bus.
  • Fan control unit to be connected directly to at least one of the controller.
  • the fan control unit may be indirectly connected to at least one of the controllers via the signal group bus.
  • the device is built together in at least two areas - the computer-on-module (COM) as a master area and the baseboard as a slave area for receiving the computer-on-module (COM).
  • the device may include an extension interface to which at least one additional Computer On Module (COM) accessory unit is connectable, and which has an equivalent implementation of power management.
  • the expansion interface can provide at least the signal group bus and main power supply voltages for the COM supply.
  • An alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention may be constructed substantially identically to one of the devices according to one of the previously described embodiments, but instead of a chipset, various peripheral components such as e.g. Storage devices, screen, keyboard, audio equipment etc are provided, whose
  • Power consumption can be operated by minimizing the power provided by the instead of a master power distribution control unit with the power dissipation controller provided slave power distribution control unit with the power dissipation controller.
  • the baseboard unit comprises at least one further extension interface, at the cascadable at least one further computer on-module (COM) additional unit can be connected.
  • This slave power distribution control unit may, for example, be programmable via the signal group bus.
  • one of the existing controller switch the switching device, in such a way that in the standby state, the further switching device can be omitted.
  • All existing controllers may be included in the hardware and / or software of the "external" power supply voltage unit, or some or all of the controllers may be included in the software of the chipset.
  • the present invention further includes a method for monitoring and controlling the power consumption of chipsets using one of the devices according to one of the previously described embodiments. The following method steps are provided:
  • the method may also receive "Power Good” signals from the
  • the reception of input power measurement signals of a power measurement unit can be provided.
  • the reception of further signals can be provided via the signal group bus.
  • interrupt request signals of the chipset (02) or the peripheral components may be received.
  • a "power down" or “sleep" signal of a switch-off button or a standard interface such as Ethernet, WLAN etc of the chipset or the peripheral components can be received.
  • a thermal model may be used that describes the correlation of power consumption to heat generation, and / or a current temperature for heat generation, and / or the heat buildup utilization of the chipset or peripheral components.
  • This thermal model can be used advantageously to calculate the minimum power consumption.
  • the calculation rule of the controller can be adapted for each chipset or for the peripheral components by means of the service I / O unit or the I / O bus.
  • the maximum and minimum operating temperature and preferred U / F operating points or U / F operating ranges of the chipset or peripheral components may be considered as constraints.
  • the calculation can also make an adaptive adaptation of the controller parameters to the actual conditions taking into account the LAT signals.
  • a further embodiment of the method provides that the transmission further comprises sending system management and system control interrupt interface (SMI / SCI) signals to control the chipset and / or the peripheral components.
  • SMI system management and system control interrupt interface
  • control signals can also be sent to the signal group bus.
  • control signals of the power switching device can be sent, which control the power switching unit. It may also be useful to send further control signals to the fan unit.
  • the transmission further the sending of status and diagnostic signals via the service I / O bus to the service I / O unit and / or via the UO bus to the I / O system of the chipset or of the peripheral components.
  • the transmission may further include transmitting shutdown signals to individual controllers of the chipset or peripheral components, particularly to Ethernet, SATA controllers, and the like.
  • the invention provides a PC, computer system or a computer device with a supply voltage unit.
  • the above-mentioned possibilities of reducing the energy consumption of chipsets and monitoring their thermal behavior can be sustainably improved by extending the existing systems described above. It is considered that the power loss of a computer system depends on two physical quantities. One such quantity is the operating temperature of the system components and the second size is the magnitude of the main power supply voltages required by the power distribution unit to produce the different supply voltages of the chipset.
  • the regulation of the power loss or the thermal load of the system can be realized by an adaptive controller, which is able to find the minimum in a multi-dimensional functional dependency of the chipset's power dissipation on the temperature, the magnitude of the main voltages and the settings of the chipset performance registers (CPR) as well as the amount of computing power (utilization of the system).
  • the regulator according to the invention can furthermore have adaptive properties and can correct its regulator settings during operation. Likewise, he can fulfill the task of finding the minimum of the power loss with the predetermined and stored controller parameters.
  • This controller can determine the magnitude of the main voltages as well as the values of the settings in the CPR depending on the measured temperatures, the system load and the measured power consumption as well as only on the measured temperatures and the measured power consumption, because indirectly the power loss related to the Temperature of the components is a measure of the load.
  • the determined values are transferred to the CPR and the supply voltage unit receives the voltage values of the main voltages to be set.
  • separate regulators are used to control the power dissipation or thermal load of the system.
  • One type of regulator in the form of the power regulator unit regulates the level of the main voltages and for the settings of the CPR further regulators are used as described above.
  • These separate controllers can also be used as adaptive controllers. In this case, one or the other controller may also be omitted in this type of implementation, if necessary also modified, depending on which power loss characteristics the chipset has and which functionality is required.
  • Another feature of the inventive system is the optional presence of a thermal model of the system in the structure of the adaptive power dissipation controller.
  • the reason for the introduction of a thermal model of the system is that it is possible with such a model to specify the target temperature of the system in the knowledge of the present and past power draw from the external energy source and with this information appropriate measures for the reduction of power loss and thus to guide the slowdown of the temperature rise.
  • With increasing temperatures in and around a computer device forcibly increases the power loss in the device. This phenomenon again raises the temperature until finally the overtemperature protection mechanisms shut down the device or computer and / or reduce the processing speed of the data (reduction of power dissipation). However, if the processing speed is reduced, the processing takes a Calculation task longer.
  • the computing device When implementing another solution, the computing device has a baseboard unit to accommodate the COM devices.
  • the two units are interconnected via a standardized interface. Therefore, the communication according to the invention and the data exchange to the division of the chipset to the two units must be considered.
  • the procedure for controlling the energy consumption and reducing the thermal load on the assemblies remains unaffected. The functionality and thus the efficiency of the computer device can be reduced any time depending on the effort.
  • S5 system is switched off, see eg Wikipedia: Standby mode (PC), http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standby-Mode_(PC), May, 2009 ) provides for the supply of parts of the chipset, which requires a power consumption of several hundred milliwatts to realize the wake-up functions (wake-up functions via, for example, Wake-On-LAN, Wake-On-Power button).
  • the computer device may be extended by further controllers. It is also possible to arbitrarily divide the computer device (see, for example, Figures 8 and 9) into individual thermal zones and to introduce the controllers shown for each zone.
  • the device according to the invention can be supplemented by further functional units.
  • the service and diagnostic unit enables the implementation of monitoring functions for all or almost all supply voltages of the device according to the invention even without the presence or operation of the current chipset. Also, it is possible to run out of the
  • Performance measurement where appropriate, to recognize the correctness of the operation of the device and visualized by another external system, which is connected by a standard bus. This feature makes it easy to quickly investigate problems during the design phase of a device and also allows remote diagnostics.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a personal computer, computer or computer device according to the known art
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a prior art personal computer, computer, or computer device constructed with a Computer On Module (COM) assembly and, therefore, further extended by units of power distribution;
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a prior art personal computer, computer, or computer device constructed with a Computer On Module (COM) assembly and, therefore, further extended by units of power distribution;
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a prior art personal computer, computer, or computer device constructed with a Computer On Module (COM) assembly and, therefore, further extended by units of power distribution;
  • COM Computer On Module
  • FIG. 3 shows an ATX power supply as one of several ways of implementing the "external" power supply unit as prior art
  • Fig. 4 shows a power supply adapter as one of the several possibilities of implementing the "external" supply voltage unit as prior art
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a SMART battery; it represents the state of the art and shows how the "external" supply voltage unit can be supplied with the external power source in forms of DC voltage;
  • Fig. 6 is a state diagram of the ⁇ Sleep method (Source: Lawrence S. Brakmo, Deborah A. Wallach, Marc A. Viredaz, " ⁇ Sleep: A Technique for Reducing Energy Consumption in Handheld Devices”; and Services; Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 6-9 June 2004) as prior art;
  • Fig. 7 is a state diagram of the ACPI system (Source: Hewlett-Packard Corporation, Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Phoenix Technologies Ltd, Toshiba Corporation; Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) Specification, December 30, 2005) State of the art;
  • Fig. 8 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the invention as a PC, computer or computer device
  • Fig. 9 is a block diagram of an embodiment with a COM assembly
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an embodiment implementing the method of adaptive power dissipation controllers
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of a simple thermal model of a computer device and the associated temperature simulation
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the power and voltage regulators with a DC charging unit in the "external" power supply unit.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show block diagrams of exemplary embodiments of a computer device according to the invention.
  • At least one of the power meter units 810, 811, 812, 912 provides the current power consumption values to at least one of the power regulators 851, 850, 950, thereby making it possible to obtain the most efficient operating point by changing the magnitude of the principal voltages 06
  • Power distribution units 01, 201m, 201s The power measurement unit 810 determines the power of the external power source 25 and / or the power of the main voltages 06. Also, the power measurement in the main voltages 06 can be accomplished by a power measurement unit 811 located outside the "external" power supply unit 24.
  • Another power measurement unit 812 determines the power consumption in
  • chipset 02 is to be understood as meaning all semiconductor chips (ICs) which participate in the processing of information in the computer, so that in principle also the main processor (CPU) counts for this purpose
  • Power signals (L signal) 835 of the power measurements 812, 811 and / or 810 and / or a mathematical algebraic function and / or the L signals supplied via the communication interface 849 one or more suitable temperature signals (T signals) of the temperature measurement units (T) 12 assigned and z was such that the T signal behavior in the measured point / area / zone of the computer equipment is mainly due to the assigned L signal.
  • the L and T signal group is assigned a load signal (A signal) 10.
  • the L and A signals can be changed by appropriate chipset performance registers (CPR) 32, which in turn affects the T signals.
  • CPR chipset performance registers
  • the influencing of the CPR and the calculation of its settings is carried out by one of the adaptive power loss controllers 851, 850, 950.
  • a classic example of a group of LTA signals and associated CPR values is the temperature measurement of a processor (T signal), power measurement of the core voltage regulator (L signal), and its time utilization measurement in [%] (A signal) , which is determined, for example, by the operating system software (see Windows XP, processor utilization).
  • T signal temperature measurement of a processor
  • L signal power measurement of the core voltage regulator
  • a signal time utilization measurement in [%]
  • the L signal and A signal may be affected by the selection of the core voltage and the processor frequency in the registers of the processor (CPR).
  • 850 and / or 950 may also be via the chipset hardware 34 and the chipset buses and overall system signal group buses 22.
  • the memory unit 855 stores the parameters and settings of the controllers 850 and / or 950 and / or 851 determined by the operator via the user interface 854 or by the adaptive power dissipation controllers 850 and / or 950 and / or 851.
  • CPR Chipset performance register settings
  • T temperature operating point
  • A workload utilization point
  • Kp correction parameters (adaptive adjustment of operating points and normalization conversion for performance comparison)
  • diagnostics and service settings minimum and maximum working ranges of principal stresses 06, minimum and maximum permitted Working temperatures Tarnax / min and Tmax / min and other information that affect the operation of the device described herein and are mentioned in the description.
  • the target temperatures are calculated from the power values.
  • the distance between the current and the target temperature Tz and the values for the thermal constants (thermal resistances and capacitances) allow the temperature behavior of the computer to be assessed.
  • Tz Tz
  • the controller can be operated adaptively.
  • One very important aspect of implementing one embodiment of the entire computing device is the ability to implement the controllers 850 and / or 950 and / or 851 in the software of the chipset. In this case, although certain service and diagnostic services that are available when the chipset is switched off must be dispensed with, in this case the implementation requires very few hardware components, that is, only the power measurement units 812 and / or 811 and / or 810 and a voltage regulator / voltage regulator unit 852.
  • a further feature of the device according to the invention is that the power dissipation controllers 850 and / or the power exciter unit 851 can be cascaded for a plurality of areas and zones and are networked together in a master-slave principle using the chipset buses 22 and can exchange information.
  • a power distribution control unit 03 and / or 203s and / or 203m according to the invention consists of two parts. The first part includes an embedded microcontroller which is connected via a bus to a programmable logic which forms the second part of the unit.
  • the programmable logic is in turn connected to a bus of the chisatzes.
  • Fig. 12 is a block diagram of an embodiment for the realization of at least one of the controller 850 and / or 950 and / or 851 in the hardware and / or software of
  • the LTA signals 835, 836 required for the control functions may be connected to the controller as well as the communication interface 849 and the chipset buses 22.
  • the Charging unit 832 For example, to charge accumulators from the AC voltage source 25c, the Charging unit 832.
  • the DC charging unit is connected to the chipset via bus 831 and regulator 851.
  • the controller In addition to the Signals 835, 836 and the power and temperature measuring units with the signals 833 and / or one of the signals 834 use.
  • One of the controllers 850 and / or 950 and / or 851 may control further energy savings on a computer device having a COM assembly.
  • the well-known S5 state of the x86 architecture (S5 system is off).
  • Introducing a further standby state of the COM module with a power consumption in ⁇ W range with only one wakeup of the system with the power button eliminates the power switch unit of the 238 baseboard, since the main power supply 06 voltages are not turned on and off have to.
  • the power loss which occurs in normal operation and especially at maximum current load of the switch, can be saved.
  • the invention provides a PC, computer system or a computer device with a supply voltage unit 24 according to claim 1.
  • the above-mentioned possibilities of reducing the energy consumption of chipsets and monitoring their thermal behavior can be sustainably improved by extending the existing systems described above. It is considered that the power loss of a computer system depends on two physical quantities. One of these quantities is the operating temperature of the system components and the second quantity is the magnitude of the main voltages of the power supply 06 required by the power distribution unit 01 for generating the different supply voltages of the chipset 30 and 31.
  • the regulation of the power loss or the thermal load of the system by an adaptive controller 850 can be realized, which is capable of a multi-dimensional functional dependence of the power loss of the chipset of the temperature, the height of the main voltages 06 and the settings of the chipset performance registers (CPR) 32 and the amount of
  • the regulator according to the invention can furthermore have adaptive properties and can correct its regulator settings during operation. Likewise, he can fulfill the task of finding the minimum of the power loss with the predetermined and stored controller parameters.
  • This controller can control both the magnitude of the main voltages 06 and the values of the settings in the CPR 32 as a function of the measured temperatures, the system load and the measured power consumption as well as only the measured temperatures and the measured power consumption determine indirectly because the power loss related to the temperature of the components is a measure of the load.
  • the determined values are transmitted to the CPR 32 and the supply voltage unit 24 receives the voltage values of the main voltages 06 to be set.
  • separate regulators are used to control the power dissipation or thermal load of the system.
  • One type of regulator in the form of the power regulator unit 851 regulates the magnitude of the main voltages 06, and for the settings of the CPR 32 other regulators are used as described above.
  • These separate controllers can also be used as adaptive controllers. In this case, one or the other controller may also be omitted in this type of implementation, if necessary also modified, depending on which power loss characteristics the chipset has and which functionality is required.
  • Another feature of the inventive system is the optional presence of a thermal model of the system in the structure of the adaptive power dissipator 850 and / or 851 and / or 950.
  • the reason for introducing a thermal model of the system is that it is possible with such a model To indicate the target temperature of the system in the knowledge of the present and past power draw from the external power source 25 and to guide with this information appropriate measures for reducing the power loss and thus the slowing of the temperature increase. With increasing temperatures in and around a computer device, forcibly increases the power loss in the device. This phenomenon again raises the temperature until finally the overtemperature protection mechanisms shut down the device or the computer or reduce the processing speed of the data (reduction of power dissipation).
  • the Inventive device enables the optimal control of these relationships through the implementation of a simple thermal model of the system. This makes it possible to predictively determine the temperature from the measured temperature and power values and to set the corresponding temperature behavior of the computer system.
  • the computing device includes a baseboard unit 250 for receiving the COM units 226.
  • the two units are interconnected via a standardized interface 236. Therefore, the communication and data exchange according to the invention must be taken into account when dividing the chipset into the two units.
  • S5 system is switched off, see eg Wikipedia: Standby mode (PC), http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standby-Mode_(PC), May, 2009 ) provides the supply of parts of the chipset, which requires a power consumption of several hundred mW in order to realize the wake-up functions (wake-up functions via, for example, Wake-On-LAN, Wake-On-Power button).
  • the computing device may be extended by further controllers 850, 851, 852, and 950. It is also possible to divide the computer device in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 as desired into individual thermal zones and to introduce the regulators 850, 851, 852 and 950 for each zone.
  • the device according to the invention can be supplemented by further functional units.
  • the service and diagnostic unit 807 makes it possible to carry out monitoring functions for all or almost all supply voltages of the device according to the invention even without the current one Chipset 02. It is also possible during operation from the power measurement if necessary to recognize the correctness of the operation of the device and to visualize by another external system which is connected by a standard bus. This feature makes it easy to quickly investigate problems during the design phase of a device and also allows remote diagnostics.
  • the patented method and the associated device can be characterized in that it initially has:
  • a chipset (2) which ensures that the data processing in the sense of a computer system is ensured with all components (for example with processor, Northbridge, Southbridge, graphics controller and other controllers of the computer system).
  • the chipset communicates with the various peripheral components (23) and the other system units such as PreBIOS master (3) or PreBIOS slaves (20) using various buses and the overall system signal groups (22),
  • LAT Chipset Power Measurement
  • A Load Measurement
  • T Temperature Measurement
  • SMI System Management and / or system control interrupt interface
  • a power distribution unit (1) which is supplied via the switching device (13) and the power supply lines (6) with the necessary energy and the chipset (2) depending on the individual enable signals (4) supplies the required supply voltages,
  • the method and the device are characterized in particular by the ability to produce all (or almost all) in the power distribution (1) and / or (1.1) to (1.n) To monitor power supply lines and to provide the "Power Good" signals (5) and / or (5.1) to (5.n) and from the input power measurement (9) and / or (9.1) to (9.n) the energetically correct operation, with the inclusion of the state and control signals (8) and / or (8.1) to recognize (8.n) and depending on the input power (9) and the power measurement (11) and / or (11.1) to (11.n), if necessary, the utilization of the chipset, the temperature measurement (10) provided by the chipset options for adjusting the power supply options of the chipset (30) and / or the peripheral components to control so that the lowest possible power consumption arises.
  • the device according to the patent is characterized in that by the implementation of a thermal model of the overall system, a prediction of the resulting temperature increase or decrease in the system is possible.
  • the patented system with knowledge of the user selected max. Temperature and the knowledge of the U / F operating points of the chipset to calculate the optimal working mode / operating point of the chipset.
  • the optimum criterion can be optionally set, taking into account various methods such as e.g. the minimum energy consumption at a maximum allowable chipset (2) temperature, highest computing power at a maximum allowable chipset (2) temperature, best computing power per watt of power dissipation at a maximum allowable chipset (2) temperature and others.
  • the temperature dependence of the power loss of the system is taken into account.
  • the adaptive algorithm is provided with the ability to calculate the required parameters of the thermal model itself in the presence of all required for the thermal model temperature sensors by going through a learning phase.
  • the device according to the patent also allows the connection and disconnection of the selected individual controllers of the chipset, such. Eg Ethernet or SATA controller.
  • the selected individual controllers of the chipset such as Ethernet or SATA controller.
  • the prior art can be characterized in particular by the fact that the correct operation of the individual controllers during the operation of the operating system is achieved in that all participating in the data transfer registers are stored separately before switching off. After connection, all stored values are written to the corresponding registers.
  • Another circuit of the patented system allows a working mode in which the switching on of the entire system with a power button or by sending a coded signal via a standard interface (eg Ethernet) is possible and the entire system in this state only a very low energy consumption Range less than 1 mW.
  • a standard interface eg Ethernet
  • Chipset hardware processor, graphics controller, etc.
  • chipset software BIOS, operating system, application programs, embedded controllers, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
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Abstract

Dispositif de commande et de régulation de la consommation en énergie et de la contrainte thermique dans des ordinateurs ou des appareils informatiques, comportant une unité de tension d'alimentation (24) produisant, à partir des tensions des sources d'énergie externes (25), une ou plusieurs tensions principales (06) régulées, pouvant être réglées par une unité de régulation de tension (852) et une unité de réglage de puissance (851); une unité de distribution de puissance (01) pouvant distribuer et commander la puissance fournie par l'unité de tension d'alimentation (24) au moyen des lignes des tensions principales (06), à l'ensemble de puces; un ensemble de puces (02) pouvant fournir une fonctionnalité de traitement de données; au moins une unité de commande de ventilation (19) pouvant réaliser le refroidissement supplémentaire de l'ensemble de puces et d'autres composants; et un régulateur de puissance de perte (850) logé dans l'unité de commande de distribution de puissance (03), dans l'ensemble de puces (02) ou dans l'unité de tension d'alimentation "externe" (24), et pouvant contrôler et réguler la consommation en énergie et refroidir l'ensemble de puces.
PCT/EP2009/003488 2008-05-15 2009-05-15 Dispositif et procédé de commande et/ou de régulation de la consommation en énergie et/ou de la contrainte thermique d'un ordinateur et/ou des ses composants semi-conducteurs et/ou de son unité d'alimentation en tension WO2009138247A2 (fr)

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