WO2009122594A1 - 基本波ビート成分検出方法及びそれを用いる被測定信号のサンプリング装置並びに波形観測システム - Google Patents
基本波ビート成分検出方法及びそれを用いる被測定信号のサンプリング装置並びに波形観測システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009122594A1 WO2009122594A1 PCT/JP2008/056809 JP2008056809W WO2009122594A1 WO 2009122594 A1 WO2009122594 A1 WO 2009122594A1 JP 2008056809 W JP2008056809 W JP 2008056809W WO 2009122594 A1 WO2009122594 A1 WO 2009122594A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
- G01R23/20—Measurement of non-linear distortion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R13/00—Arrangements for displaying electric variables or waveforms
- G01R13/02—Arrangements for displaying electric variables or waveforms for displaying measured electric variables in digital form
- G01R13/0218—Circuits therefor
- G01R13/0272—Circuits therefor for sampling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2506—Arrangements for conditioning or analysing measured signals, e.g. for indicating peak values ; Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
- G01R19/2509—Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
- G01R23/14—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage by heterodyning; by beat-frequency comparison
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fundamental wave beat component detection method, a measurement device sampling apparatus and a waveform observation system using the same, and in particular, performs sampling on an optical signal modulated with a high-speed repetitive signal to obtain waveform information thereof, In the system for observation, even when the signal under measurement is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power, it is possible to accurately detect the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement and acquire stable waveform information.
- the present invention relates to a fundamental wave beat component detection method enabling observation, a signal under measurement sampling apparatus using the method, and a waveform observation system.
- the waveform observation apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 10 is used.
- This waveform observation apparatus 10 is a predetermined value (offset delay time) from N times the repetition period Tx of the waveform of the input optical signal to be measured P (N is an arbitrary integer greater than or equal to 1, for example, 100, 1000, etc.).
- optical sampling pulse Ps generated by the optical sampling pulse generating means 11 is input to the optical sampling unit 12 together with the measured optical signal P.
- pulse light obtained by sampling the optical signal P to be measured with the optical sampling pulse Ps is photoelectrically converted to be converted into an electric pulse signal Eo to be analog / digital (A / D) is output to the converter 13.
- the A / D converter 13 converts the amplitude intensity of the electric pulse signal Eo into digital data and stores it in the waveform data memory 14.
- the series of waveform data stored in the waveform data memory 14 is read by the display control means 15 and then displayed on the display 16 as the waveform of the measured optical signal P.
- Such a sampling type waveform observation apparatus 10 is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 described below.
- the observation modes required for the waveform observation apparatus 10 as described above include a persistence mode and an averaging mode.
- the persistence mode is a mode in which the measurement optical signal P is sampled, the acquired data is displayed on the screen of the display for a certain period of time, and the measurement waveform is displayed by the afterimage. Waveform changes can be observed almost in real time.
- the averaging mode is a mode for sampling the measured optical signal P, averaging the waveform data for a plurality of data acquisition periods, and displaying the averaged waveform, and removing noise components. Waveform observation is possible.
- the waveform of the measured optical signal is displayed as an afterimage as described above if sampling is not started from the same phase position of the repetitive waveform of the measured optical signal P when the measured optical signal P is sampled. Inconvenience that the displayed waveform is shifted in the time axis direction every time.
- the averaging process cannot be performed correctly and the waveform cannot be reproduced correctly, and the waveform phase and amplitude fluctuation cannot be correctly grasped.
- the repetition period of the waveform of the signal under measurement or the frequency (bit rate) of the signal itself needs to be known.
- this type of waveform observing apparatus requires an optical mixer that generates an optical sampling pulse with a narrow width or mixes light with each other. If the display unit is included, the entire apparatus becomes complicated and expensive. There is a problem.
- the signal under measurement is a sine wave having a single frequency Fx
- the frequency component of the signal Sx obtained by sampling the signal under sampling with a temporary sampling frequency Fs ′ will be considered.
- sampling pulse is an ideal pulse having an infinitely small width
- the signal Sx obtained by sampling with this sampling pulse includes a difference and sum component between the frequency Fx of the signal under measurement and each frequency n ⁇ Fs ′.
- the component having the lowest frequency is the difference frequency from the spectrum component of the frequency n ⁇ Fs ′ closest to the frequency Fx or the frequency (n + 1) ⁇ Fs ′, as shown in FIGS.
- the difference frequency Fh ′ can be expressed as follows.
- Fh ′ mod [Fx, Fs ′] (when mod [Fx, Fs ′] ⁇ Fs ′ / 2)
- Fh ′ (Fs ′ / 2) ⁇ mod [Fx, Fs ′] (when mod [Fx, Fs]> Fs / 2)
- mod [A, B] represents the remainder when A is divided by B.
- this difference frequency Fh ′ is Fs ′ / 2 at the maximum, it can be easily extracted by using a low-pass filter having a band upper limit Fs ′ / 2.
- the change ⁇ Fh of the difference frequency Fh ′ accompanying the minute change ⁇ Fs of the temporary sampling frequency Fs ′ is given by the following equation obtained by differentiating the difference frequency Fh ′ with respect to the frequency Fs ′.
- the symbol quotient [A, B] represents an integer quotient when A is divided by B.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the method for detecting the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement as described above.
- the signal under measurement is sampled at the provisional sampling frequency Fs ′ (step S1), and the frequency Fh of the specific signal that appears in the band of 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the provisional sampling frequency Fs ′ among the signals obtained by the sampling. 'Is detected (step S2).
- the temporary sampling frequency Fs ′ is changed by a minute amount ⁇ Fs (for example, 1 Hz) (step S3), and the frequency change amount ⁇ Fh of the specific signal at that time is detected (step S4).
- a minute amount ⁇ Fs for example, 1 Hz
- the repetition frequency Fx of the signal under measurement is calculated by substituting the temporary sampling frequency Fs ′ and its frequency change amount ⁇ Fs, the frequency Fh ′ of the specific signal and its frequency change amount ⁇ Fh into the following equation (1). (Step S5).
- Patent Document 2 discloses a waveform observation system including a sampling device to which the above-described measurement signal repetition frequency detection method is applied.
- FIG. 15 shows the configuration of a waveform observation system 20 including a sampling device to which the above-mentioned signal under measurement repetition frequency detection method is applied.
- the waveform observation system 20 includes a sampling device 21 and a digital oscilloscope 60.
- the sampling device 21 is a narrow-width light generated from the sampling pulse generator 25 based on the clock signal C generated by the signal generator 24 by the optical sampling unit 26 using the optical signal P to be measured input from the input terminal 21a. Sampling is performed with a sampling pulse, which is a pulse, to obtain a pulse signal Eo as waveform information.
- the digital oscilloscope 60 stores and displays the waveform information obtained by the sampling device 21.
- This sampling device 21 is designated when the repetition period of the waveform to be observed is accurately known, and when the repetition period of the waveform to be observed is unknown or only its approximate value is known.
- An automatic setting mode is provided, and the manual setting mode and the automatic setting mode can be selectively designated by operating an operation unit (not shown).
- the clock signal C and the trigger signal G generated by the signal generator 24 can be output to the outside via the clock output terminal 21b and the trigger output terminal 21d, respectively.
- the pulse signal Eo from the optical sampling unit 26 is configured to be output to the outside via the sample signal output terminal 21c.
- the output terminals 21b to 21d of the sampling device 21 are connected to the external clock input terminal 60a, the first channel input terminal 60b, and the second channel input terminal 60c of the digital oscilloscope 60, respectively.
- the digital oscilloscope 60 arbitrarily designates an external clock synchronization function for performing A / D conversion processing on signals input from the channel input terminals 60b and 60c in synchronization with a clock signal input to the external clock input terminal 60a.
- an external trigger function for storing data obtained by A / D conversion processing as waveform data for each channel, and a waveform display function for displaying the stored waveform data on the time axis. Configured so that any of the persistence display mode and averaged display mode can be selected as the mode. It has been.
- an optical signal to be measured P having a substantially rectangular wave with a duty ratio of 50% is input to the input terminal 21a, and the approximate repetition period Tx ′ (frequency Fx ′) of the waveform is input.
- the information corresponding to the sampling offset delay time ⁇ T are designated by the parameter designation unit 22 and the automatic setting mode is designated by an operation unit (not shown).
- the calculation unit 23 calculates a temporary sampling frequency Fs ′ and a trigger frequency Fg ′ based on the designated approximate repetition frequency Fx ′ and offset delay time ⁇ T, and sets them in the signal generation unit 24.
- the calculation unit 23 performs calculation using a specified value, for example, 10 GHz as the repetition frequency Fx ′.
- the signal generator 24 outputs a clock signal C having a temporary sampling frequency Fs ′.
- the optical sampling unit 26 samples the measured optical signal P at the temporary sampling frequency Fs ′, and the pulse signal Eo obtained by the sampling is input to the specific signal frequency detection unit 27.
- the specific signal frequency detection unit 27 uses, as the specific signal, a frequency component having the highest level that appears in a band of 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the temporary sampling frequency Fs ′ among the frequency components included in the pulse signal Eo obtained by the sampling.
- the frequency Fh ′ is detected.
- the spectrum of the optical sampling pulse Ps used for sampling appears at intervals of the frequency Fs ′ as shown in FIG. 17, and the spectrum of the waveform of the measured optical signal P appears at intervals of the frequency Fx. Moreover, the higher the level, the smaller the level.
- the specific signal frequency detection unit 27 obtains the difference frequency Fh ′ between the lowest-order frequency Fx and the temporary sampling frequency component n ⁇ Fs ′ closest to the frequency Fx as the frequency of the specific signal, and repeat frequency calculation unit To 28.
- the repetition frequency calculation unit 28 stores the frequency Fh ′ and instructs the signal generation unit 24 to perform provisional sampling.
- An instruction is given to change the frequency Fs ′ by a minute amount (for example, 1 Hz).
- the provisional sampling frequency Fs ′ with respect to the optical signal P to be measured is changed by a minute amount ⁇ Fs, and the specific signal detected by the specific signal frequency detection unit 27 is changed along with this change.
- the frequency changes by ⁇ Fh, and the repetition frequency Fx of the waveform of the optical signal is calculated from the change amount by the following equation and set in the calculation unit 23.
- the calculation unit 23 calculates a normal sampling frequency Fs and a trigger frequency Fg that exactly correspond to the input signal on the basis of the accurate repetition frequency Fx calculated by the repetition frequency calculation unit 28 and sets it in the signal generation unit 24. .
- the measured optical signal P is sampled by the optical sampling pulse Ps, and the pulse signal Eo obtained by the sampling is sent from the optical sampling unit 26 via the sample signal output terminal 21c as shown in FIG.
- the signal is input to the first channel input terminal 60 b of the digital oscilloscope 60.
- the signal generator 24 generates a trigger signal G having a period equal to the period of the waveform of the envelope connecting the peaks of the pulse signal Eo, via the trigger output terminal 21d.
- a trigger signal G having a period equal to the period of the waveform of the envelope connecting the peaks of the pulse signal Eo, via the trigger output terminal 21d.
- FIG. 18A shows the time axis of the waveform shown in FIG.
- the digital oscilloscope 60 performs A / D conversion processing on the pulse signal Eo in synchronization with the clock signal C, sequentially outputs envelope data connecting the peak points of the pulse signal Eo as optical signal waveform data, and trigger signal G The acquisition of the waveform data is started from the timing when the trigger level exceeds the trigger level in the predetermined direction.
- the waveform of the optical signal P is displayed as an afterimage at the point of the offset delay time ⁇ T interval.
- the digital oscilloscope 60 starts to acquire waveform data at every timing when the trigger signal G exceeds the trigger level in a predetermined direction, and updates and displays the waveform. As described above, the sampling frequency and trigger frequency of the sampling device 20 are displayed. Corresponds accurately to the repetition frequency of the waveform of the input optical signal P, so that the position of the displayed waveform is not always shifted, and stable waveform observation can be performed.
- the method of detecting the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement disclosed in Patent Document 2 is summarized as follows: fs / 2 or less of signals obtained when the signal under measurement is sampled at a certain repetition frequency fs.
- the frequency fh of the specific signal appearing in the band is measured, and then the frequency change amount dfh of the specific signal obtained when sampling is performed by changing the sampling frequency by the minute frequency dfs.
- fx fh ⁇ fs ⁇ dfh / dfs (when 0> dfh / dfs)
- fx ⁇ fh + fs ⁇ dfh / dfs (when 0 ⁇ dfh / dfs)
- specific measurement of the frequency change amount dfh of the specific signal is performed, for example, as follows.
- a signal under measurement having a waveform as shown in FIG. 24A is sampled at a certain repetition frequency fs, and the obtained signal is obtained by using a technique such as Fourier transform, as shown in FIG. A spectrum as shown in (b) is obtained.
- the frequency component having the maximum peak power in the band of fs / 2 or less is detected as a specific signal, and the frequency fh is obtained.
- the signal under measurement is sampled by changing the sampling frequency by the minute frequency dfs, and a spectrum as shown in FIG. 24C is obtained using the same method as described above.
- a frequency component having the maximum peak power in a band of 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the sampling frequency is detected as a specific signal, and the frequency fh of the specific signal before the sampling frequency is changed from that frequency.
- the frequency change amount dfh of the specific signal with respect to the sampling frequency change is obtained by subtracting.
- Patent Document 2 the method for detecting the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement disclosed in Patent Document 2 still has the following problems to be solved.
- the signal under measurement is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power, a large error may occur in the measurement result of the repetition frequency detection of the signal under measurement. is there.
- the signal under measurement is a signal “having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power”, for example, there are the following cases.
- the pulse width is narrow with respect to the pulse period
- the pulse width w is narrow with respect to the pulse period 1 / fx.
- the pulse width is narrower than the pulse period, the power of the harmonic component is only gradually reduced, and there are many harmonic components.
- the spectrum includes a harmonic 2fx / frequency having a frequency fx / 5 obtained by dividing the pulse repetition frequency (or bit rate) fx by the pattern length (bit length). 5, 3fx / 5, 4fz / 5 ... many components exist.
- each spectrum power varies greatly depending on the duty and waveform indicating how much the signal state is maintained per time slot.
- the signal obtained by sampling the signal under measurement includes a plurality of frequency components of the signal under measurement.
- harmonic components of sampling frequencies closest to those frequencies appear as shown in FIG.
- the spectrum powers of the plurality of beat frequency components may be similar, and which spectrum component should be focused on. In some cases, it may not be possible to determine whether a spectrum component is a peak component by simply comparing the peak power.
- the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a signal under measurement having a repetition frequency of about 10 GHz and a pulse width of about 5 picoseconds as shown in FIG.
- the case where the detection method is applied will be specifically described below.
- this signal under measurement is sampled at a sampling frequency of 10 MHz, for example, and Fourier transform is performed on the obtained signal, a plurality of peak signals having the same peak power are obtained as shown in FIG. A spectrum is obtained.
- the peak signal indicated by the arrow in the figure having the highest peak power is detected as a specific signal from the spectrum as shown in FIG. 25C, and its frequency 2.6 MHz is obtained. .
- this calculation result is 200.005 GHz for the signal under measurement having a repetition frequency of about 10 GHz, it is clearly wrong.
- the beat frequency component (harmonic beat component) caused by the second harmonic component (about 20 GHz) of the signal under measurement was first determined to be a specific signal and detected.
- the beat frequency component (harmonic beat component) caused by the fundamental wave (about 10 GHz) of the signal under measurement was determined to be a specific signal and detected.
- the signal under measurement has a plurality of harmonic components having the same power.
- the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement cannot be accurately detected from the sampling result, stable waveform information cannot be acquired and observed, and the entire system cannot be easily configured.
- the object of the present invention is to solve these problems, and even when the signal under measurement is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power, among the plurality of peak signals included in the sampling result, A fundamental wave beat component detection method for discriminating which peak signal is a beat component due to the fundamental wave component of the signal under measurement, and using this to accurately detect the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement.
- a third stage (S14, S15) to calculate The respective theoretical frequencies fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat components sequentially calculated for each peak signal in the third step (S14, S15) are detected in the second step (S13).
- the harmonic beat components that best match the frequency fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals are sequentially compared with the frequencies fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals.
- a fourth step of determining that the peak signal giving the theoretical frequency fc [k, j] (k is an integer) is the fundamental beat component caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement (P) ( S16, S17, S18),
- a fundamental wave beat component detecting method is provided.
- fb [i] is the frequency of the fundamental beat component
- fc [i, j] mod (j ⁇ fb [i], fs) ... mod (j ⁇ fb [i], fs) ⁇ fs / 2
- fc [i, j] fs ⁇ mod (j ⁇ fb [i], fs)... fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first aspect, wherein calculation is performed based on the case of mod (j ⁇ fb [i], fs) ⁇ fs / 2 Is provided.
- the fourth step (S16, S17, S18) A fifth step (S19, S20) for sequentially calculating the sum of absolute values of frequency differences between the theoretical frequencies fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat components and the plurality of peak signals closest to them.
- k, j] (k is an integer)
- a sixth step (S21) for determining that the peak signal is the fundamental beat component caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement (P).
- a fundamental wave beat component detection method is provided.
- An input terminal (21a) for inputting a signal under measurement (P); A signal generator (24) for generating a clock signal (C) having a designated sampling frequency; A sampling pulse generator (25) for generating a sampling pulse synchronized with the clock signal (C); A sampling section (26) for sampling the signal under measurement (P) input to the input terminal (21a) with the sampling pulse; A spectrum analysis unit (51) for receiving an output signal from the sampling unit (26) and outputting a spectrum of the output signal; Among the spectrum output from the spectrum analysis unit (51), a plurality of peak signals appearing in a band of 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the designated sampling frequency are detected, and the frequencies Fb [i] ( peak signal detector (52) for obtaining i 1, 2, 3,.
- each of the plurality of peak signals detected by the peak signal detector (52) is a beat component (fundamental beat component) caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement (P)
- a theoretical frequency calculation unit (53) for calculating The plurality of theoretical frequencies Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat components sequentially calculated for each peak signal by the theoretical frequency calculator (53) are obtained by the peak signal detector (52).
- the peak beat signal frequency Fb [i] is sequentially compared, and based on the comparison result, the harmonic beat component theory that best matches the frequency Fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals.
- the peak signal giving the frequency Fc [k, j] (k is an integer) is determined to be the fundamental wave beat component (specific signal) caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement (P), and the peak A fundamental beat component frequency output unit (50) for outputting the frequency Fb [k] of the signal as a specific signal frequency (Fh ′);
- the provisional sampling frequency (Fs ′) is designated to the signal generator (24), and the provisional sampling frequency is changed by a predetermined amount ( ⁇ Fs), and the specific signal frequency relative to the amount of change in the sampling frequency is changed.
- a change amount ( ⁇ Fh) is obtained, and based on the temporary sampling frequency, the specific signal frequency with respect to the temporary sampling frequency, the change amount of the sampling frequency, and the change amount of the specific signal frequency, the signal under measurement
- a sampling apparatus for a signal under measurement is provided.
- the fundamental beat component frequency output unit (50) Sequentially calculating the sum of absolute values of frequency differences between the theoretical frequencies Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat components and the plurality of peak signals closest to them; Among the plurality of peak signals, a theoretical frequency Fc [k, j] (k is an integer) of the harmonic beat component that minimizes the sum of the absolute values sequentially calculated for each peak signal is given.
- the peak signal is determined to be the fundamental wave beat component caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement (P), and the frequency Fb [k] of the peak signal is output as the specific signal frequency (Fh ′).
- a sampling apparatus for a signal under measurement there is provided.
- the fundamental beat component frequency output unit (50) Sequentially calculating the absolute value of the frequency difference between each theoretical frequency Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat component and the plurality of peak signals closest thereto, From the absolute values sequentially calculated for each of the peak signals, by sequentially extracting a specified number of sets in order from the smallest value and calculating their sum sequentially, Among the plurality of peak signals, the theoretical frequency Fc [k, j] (k is the harmonic beat component that minimizes the sum of the prescribed number of absolute values calculated sequentially for each peak signal.
- the peak signal giving an integer is determined to be the fundamental wave beat component caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement (P), and the frequency Fb [k] of the peak signal is determined as the specific signal frequency (Fh ′). ) Is output as a signal to be measured, according to the sixth aspect.
- An input terminal (21a) for inputting a signal under measurement (P); A signal generator (24) for generating a clock signal (C) having a designated sampling frequency; A sampling pulse generator (25) for generating a sampling pulse synchronized with the clock signal (C); A sampling section (26) for sampling the signal under measurement (P) input to the input terminal (21a) with the sampling pulse; A spectrum analysis unit (51) for receiving an output signal from the sampling unit (26) and outputting a spectrum of the output signal; Among the spectrum output from the spectrum analysis unit (51), a plurality of peak signals appearing in a band of 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the designated sampling frequency are detected, and the frequencies Fb [i] ( peak signal detector (52) for obtaining i 1, 2, 3,.
- each of the plurality of peak signals detected by the peak signal detector (52) is a beat component (fundamental beat component) caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement P
- the peak beat signal frequency Fb [i] is sequentially compared, and based on the comparison result, the harmonic beat component theory that best matches the frequency Fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals.
- the peak signal giving the frequency Fc [k, j] (k is an integer) is determined to be the fundamental wave beat component caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement (P), and the frequency Fb of the peak signal is determined.
- the provisional sampling frequency (Fs ′) is designated to the signal generator (24), and the provisional sampling frequency is changed by a predetermined amount ( ⁇ Fs), and the specific signal frequency relative to the amount of change in the sampling frequency is changed.
- a change amount ( ⁇ Fh) is obtained, and based on the temporary sampling frequency, the specific signal frequency with respect to the temporary sampling frequency, the change amount of the sampling frequency, and the change amount of the specific signal frequency, the signal under measurement
- a display control unit (46) for reading out a series of waveform data stored in the waveform data memory (45) and displaying it on the time axis of the display unit (46) at intervals corresponding to the offset delay time ( ⁇ T); A system for observing a waveform of a signal under measurement is provided.
- the fundamental beat component frequency output unit (50) Sequentially calculating the sum of absolute values of frequency differences between the theoretical frequencies Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat components and the plurality of peak signals closest to them; Among the plurality of peak signals, a theoretical frequency Fc [k, j] (k is an integer) of the harmonic beat component that minimizes the sum of the absolute values sequentially calculated for each peak signal is given.
- the peak signal is determined to be the fundamental wave beat component caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement (P), and the frequency Fb [k] of the peak signal is output as the specific signal frequency (Fh ′).
- a waveform observation system for a signal under measurement according to a tenth aspect is provided.
- the fundamental beat component frequency output unit (50) Sequentially calculating the absolute value of the frequency difference between each theoretical frequency Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat component and the plurality of peak signals closest thereto, From the absolute values sequentially calculated for each of the peak signals, by sequentially extracting a specified number of sets in order from the smallest value and calculating their sum sequentially, Among the plurality of peak signals, the theoretical frequency Fc [k, j] (k is the harmonic beat component that minimizes the sum of the prescribed number of absolute values calculated sequentially for each peak signal.
- the peak signal giving an integer is determined to be the fundamental wave beat component caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement (P), and the frequency Fb [k] of the peak signal is determined as a specific signal frequency (Fh ′).
- Fh ′ a specific signal frequency
- the fundamental wave beat component detection method of the present invention is 1 ⁇ 2 of the certain sampling frequency fs in the spectrum obtained by analyzing the signal obtained by sampling the signal under measurement P at the certain frequency fs.
- the signal under measurement P is the same by measuring the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement P using the above-mentioned fundamental wave beat component detection method. Even in the case of a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having a high power, the signal under measurement P can be sampled with high accuracy and the waveform of the signal under measurement P can be observed with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining a configuration of a waveform observation system including a signal under measurement sampling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a main part of a waveform observation system including a signal under measurement sampling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the main part of the waveform observation system including the sampling apparatus for the signal under measurement according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a main part of a waveform observation system including a signal under measurement sampling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a main part of a waveform observation system including a measured signal sampling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of a waveform observation system including a signal under measurement sampling apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram shown for explaining the configuration of a conventional waveform observation apparatus.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram shown for explaining the configuration of a conventional waveform observation apparatus.
- FIG. 11 is a figure shown in order to demonstrate operation
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the method for detecting the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement according to the Japanese prior application filed by the present inventor.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the method for detecting the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement according to the Japanese prior application filed by the present inventor.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart shown for explaining the method for detecting the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement according to the Japanese prior application filed by the present inventor.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram shown for explaining the configuration of a waveform observation system including a measured signal sampling apparatus according to the Japanese prior application filed by the inventor of the present application.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the method for detecting the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement according to the Japanese prior application filed by the present inventor.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the method for detecting the repetition frequency of the signal under measurement according to the Japanese
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the main part of the waveform observation system including the measured signal sampling apparatus according to the Japanese prior application filed by the inventor of the present application.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the main part of the waveform observation system including the measured signal sampling apparatus according to the Japanese prior application filed by the inventor of the present application.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the main part of the waveform observation system including the measured signal sampling device according to the Japanese prior application filed by the inventor of the present application.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining an example of an observation waveform obtained by a waveform observation system including a signal-under-measurement sampling apparatus according to the Japanese prior application filed by the present inventor.
- FIG. 20 is a waveform diagram shown for explaining an example when the signal under measurement is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power.
- FIG. 21 is a waveform diagram shown for explaining another example when the signal under measurement is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power.
- FIG. 22 is a block diagram and a waveform diagram for explaining another example in the case where the signal under measurement is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power.
- FIG. 23 is a waveform diagram shown for explaining a different example when the signal under measurement is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power.
- FIG. 24 is a waveform diagram shown for explaining the operation of the waveform observation system including the measured signal sampling apparatus according to the Japanese prior application filed by the inventor of the present application.
- FIG. 25 is a waveform diagram for explaining a different example when the signal under measurement is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power.
- FIG. 26 shows a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power as the signal to be measured as shown in FIG. 25A by the fundamental beat component detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a wave form diagram shown in order to demonstrate the case where it applies to.
- FIG. 27 shows a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power as the signal to be measured as shown in FIG. 25A by the fundamental beat component detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a wave form diagram shown in order to demonstrate the case where it applies to.
- FIG. 26 shows a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power as the signal to be measured as shown in FIG. 25A by the fundamental beat component detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a wave form diagram shown in order to demonstrate the case where it applies to.
- FIG. 26 shows
- FIG. 28 is a waveform diagram shown for explaining the operation of the waveform observation system including the signal under measurement sampling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a waveform diagram shown for explaining the operation of the waveform observation system including the measured signal sampling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the fundamental wave beat component detection method basically includes a first step of analyzing a signal obtained by sampling the signal under measurement P at a sampling frequency fs and obtaining a spectrum thereof, and the first step.
- the peak signals detected by the second stage are assumed to be beat components (fundamental beat components) caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement P.
- the harmonic beats of the plurality of peak signals are sequentially compared with the frequency fb [i], and the harmonic beats that most closely match those frequencies fb [i] among the plurality of peak signals based on the comparison result.
- a fourth step of determining that the peak signal giving the theoretical frequency fc [k, j] (k is an integer) of the component is the fundamental beat component caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement P; It is characterized by having.
- the optical signal to be measured P is sampled with a sampling signal Ps having a certain sampling frequency fs (step S11).
- the signal obtained by sampling in step S11 is analyzed to obtain its spectrum.
- a plurality of peak signals appearing in a band of 1/2 or less of the certain sampling frequency fs are detected, and these are detected.
- each of the plurality of peak signals detected in steps S12 and S13 is a beat component (fundamental beat component) caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement P
- the harmonics of the signal under measurement P are assumed.
- the theoretical frequencies fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat components sequentially calculated for each peak signal in steps S14 and S15 are the frequencies of the plurality of peak signals obtained in steps S12 and S13. It is sequentially compared with fb [i] (steps S16 and S17).
- step S18 based on the result of the sequential comparison for each peak signal in steps S16 and S17, the theoretical frequency of the harmonic beat component that best matches the frequency fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals. It is judged that the peak signal giving fc [i, j] is the fundamental beat component (step S18).
- the fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention as described above is a signal under measurement having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power as shown in FIG.
- P repetition frequency
- pulse width 5 picoseconds
- the signal P to be measured is sampled at a sampling frequency of 10 MHz, for example, and the signal obtained by the sampling is analyzed by a technique such as high-speed Fourier transform, as shown in FIG. The spectrum as shown is obtained.
- step S13 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 26 (a), the maximum peak power appearing in a band of 5 MHz or less, which is half the sampling frequency, of the spectrum obtained in step S12.
- a peak signal of a frequency component having (Pmax) is detected.
- fc [i, j] mod (j ⁇ fb [i], fs)... mod (j ⁇ fb [i], fs) ⁇ fs / 2
- fc [i, j] fs ⁇ mod (j ⁇ fb [i ], Fs)... Mod (j ⁇ fb [i], fs) ⁇ fs / 2.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining how the theoretical harmonic beat components calculated based on the above formula are arranged on the frequency axis.
- the peak signal indicated by the numerical value 1 is represented by the fundamental wave.
- the frequency of the harmonic beat component is calculated assuming the beat component.
- the numbers 2 to 10 indicate the calculated orders of the harmonic beat components, where the second to third harmonic beat components are simply frequency positions of the order of the fundamental beat component frequency. However, in the case of higher-order beat components, the frequency multiplied by the order becomes fs / 2 or more, so that frequency folding occurs.
- the 4th to 7th harmonic beat components are arranged at a frequency position obtained by folding a frequency position obtained by multiplying the order of the fundamental wave beat component frequency around fs / 2.
- the 8th to 10th harmonic beat components are arranged at frequency positions obtained by folding the frequency position obtained by multiplying the order of the fundamental wave beat component frequency around fs / 2 and fs, respectively.
- an arrow A shows how such a frequency is folded.
- fb [1] 0.8 MHz
- fc [1, j] 2 to 7
- fc [1, j] ⁇ 1.6, 2.4, 3.2, 4.0, 4.8, 4.4 ⁇ MHz
- step S16, S17, and S18 the frequency difference between each theoretical frequency fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat component and the plurality of peak signals closest to them.
- step S19 and S20 the absolute values are sequentially calculated (steps S19 and S20), and among the plurality of peak signals, the sum of the absolute values sequentially calculated for each of the peak signals by the steps S19 and S20 is calculated. It is determined that the peak signal giving the theoretical frequency fc [k, j] (k is an integer) of the harmonic beat component that is minimized is the fundamental beat component (step S21).
- the spectrum of FIG. 27D is clearly observed and actually observed as shown in FIG. It is similar to the spectrum of a plurality of peak signals, and the fourth peak signal from the left in FIG. 26B can be determined as the fundamental wave beat component.
- the absolute frequency difference between each theoretical frequency fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat component and the plurality of peak signal frequencies fb [i] closest to them are calculated sequentially (steps S22 and S23), and a specified number of sets in the order of decreasing values are extracted from the absolute values sequentially calculated for each peak signal in steps S22 and S23.
- the respective sums are sequentially calculated (steps S24 and S25), so that among the plurality of peak signals, the prescribed number of absolute values of the predetermined number of sets that are sequentially calculated for each peak signal by the steps S24 and S25. It is determined that the peak signal giving each theoretical frequency fc [k, j] of the harmonic beat component that minimizes the sum is the fundamental beat component (step S26). It may be.
- the peak power of a harmonic component of a certain order is very small compared to the power of a higher harmonic component depending on the signal under measurement.
- this is a technique that takes this into consideration.
- each of a plurality of beat components obtained by sampling the signal under measurement is a beat component due to which order frequency component of the signal under measurement. It is possible to determine whether it exists.
- the frequency of the harmonic beat component can also be obtained according to the calculation formula of the theoretical frequency of the harmonic beat component described above.
- a signal obtained by sampling the signal under measurement P at a certain sampling frequency fs is analyzed to obtain a spectrum of the signal.
- a plurality of peak signals appearing in a band less than or equal to 1 ⁇ 2 of the certain sampling frequency fs are detected, and the frequencies fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals are obtained.
- the logical frequency fc [i, j] is sequentially compared with the frequency fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals, and based on the result of the sequential comparison for each peak signal, among the plurality of peak signals,
- the peak signal that gives the theoretical frequency fc [k, j] (k is an integer) of the harmonic beat component that most closely matches the frequency fb [i] of the above is determined to be the fundamental wave beat component. Therefore, even when the signal under measurement P is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power, the fundamental wave beat component that is a beat component resulting from the fundamental wave component of the signal under measurement P is correctly detected. can do.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining a configuration of a waveform observation system including a signal under measurement sampling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the waveform observation system 20 according to the second embodiment is described above in order to perform step S11 of the fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first embodiment as shown in FIG.
- the parameter specifying unit 22, the calculation unit 23, the signal generation unit 24, and the sampling pulse generation unit 25 are the same as those of the waveform observation system 20 including the sampling device of the signal under measurement according to the Japanese prior application of the present inventor shown in FIG. And an optical sampling unit 26 and a repetition frequency calculation unit 28.
- the waveform observation system 20 specifically performs steps S12 to S18 of the fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 parts that are configured in the same manner as in FIG. 15 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and parts that are not described in FIG. 15 are described below. To do.
- the parameter specifying unit 22 is for specifying information corresponding to the repetition period Tx of the waveform of the optical signal to be measured P and the sampling offset delay time ⁇ T by operating an operation unit (not shown).
- the manual setting mode In this case, an accurate repetition period Tx is specified, and in the automatic setting mode, the approximate value Tx ′ is specified or nothing is specified.
- the designation information may be not only the period value but also a frequency value corresponding to the period value, and may be information such as a number for designating one from preset values.
- the calculation unit 23 Based on the information specified by the parameter specification unit 22 or the fundamental frequency information of the signal under measurement P output from the repetition frequency calculation unit 28 described later, the calculation unit 23 repeats the repetition period Tx of the signal under measurement P (or its frequency). A sampling period Ts (sampling frequency Fs) that is different from the integer (N) times the approximate value Tx ′) by an offset delay time ⁇ T is calculated.
- the calculation unit 23 calculates, as a trigger period Tg (frequency Fg), a time necessary for obtaining data for one period of the waveform to be observed with the calculated sampling period with a resolution of ⁇ T.
- Fs Fx / (N + Fx ⁇ ⁇ T) It is calculated by the operation of
- the trigger frequency Fg is as described above.
- the signal generator 24 is a clock signal C of the sampling frequency Fs calculated by the calculator 23 or the temporary sampling frequency Fs ′ designated by the repetition frequency calculator 28, and a narrow pulse by the optical sampling pulse generator 25 described later.
- a high-frequency signal U and a trigger signal G having a frequency Fg necessary for generating light are generated and output.
- the configuration of the signal generator 24 is arbitrary.
- the signal U is generated by multiplying a stable and accurate reference signal (for example, 1 GHz ⁇ 1 MHz), and the clock signal is divided by dividing the signal U.
- C and trigger signal G are generated.
- the optical sampling pulse generator 25 generates an optical sampling pulse Ps having a period equal to that of the clock signal C output from the signal generator 24.
- the pulse width of the optical sampling pulse Ps generated by the optical sampling pulse generator 25 determines the upper limit of the sampling time resolution. The narrower the pulse width, the higher the time resolution can be sampled.
- the optical sampling pulse generator 25 enters the continuous light CW emitted from the light source 25a into the modulator 25b and modulates it with the signal U as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 6A, the pulse light Pa having a relatively narrow width is generated with the period Tu of the signal U, and the pulse light Pa is input to the thinning unit 25c.
- the thinning-out unit 25c has an optical switch that is turned on for a short time in the cycle of the clock signal C, and outputs the pulsed light Pb having the cycle Ts of the clock signal C as shown in FIG.
- This pulsed light Pb is input to an automatic gain control type fiber amplifier 25d, amplified to pulsed light Pb 'having an appropriate intensity, and incident on the dispersion reducing fiber 25e.
- An optical sampling pulse Ps having a narrow width (for example, 0.1 ps or less) is emitted from the dispersion reducing fiber 25e having received the pulse light Pb ′ having an appropriate intensity with a period Ts as shown in FIG. Is done.
- the optical sampling unit 26 includes an optical mixer 26a and a photoelectric converter 26b.
- the optical sampling unit 26a receives the optical signal P and the optical sampling pulse Ps input from the input terminal 21a.
- the optical signal P to be measured is sampled by the optical sampling pulse Ps, and the pulsed light Po obtained by the sampling is converted into an electrical pulse signal Eo by the photoelectric converter 26b and output.
- the spectrum analyzing unit 51 receives the pulse signal Eo sampled and output by the optical sampling unit 26 with the sampling pulse Ps, and obtains the spectrum of the signal Eo.
- the peak signal detection unit 52 detects a plurality of peak signals appearing in a band of 1/2 or less of the sampling frequency from the spectrum obtained by the spectrum analysis unit 51.
- the spectrum analysis unit 51 and the peak signal detection unit 52 input the pulse signal Eo to the A / D converter 51a and sample the peak value in synchronization with the clock signal C. Then, the digital value sequence is subjected to processing such as FFT (high-speed Fourier transform) calculation by the arithmetic processing unit 51c to calculate a spectrum. Of the spectrum, 1 / of the sampling frequency is calculated. A plurality of peak signals appearing in a band of 2 or less are detected, and frequencies Fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals are obtained.
- FFT high-speed Fourier transform
- the fundamental wave beat component frequency output unit 50 calculates each theoretical frequency Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat component for each of the plurality of peak signals sequentially calculated for each peak signal by the theoretical frequency calculation unit 53,
- the frequency Fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals obtained by the peak signal detection unit 52 is sequentially compared, and the theoretical frequency Fc [k, j] (k is an integer) of the harmonic beat component that most closely matches.
- the given peak signal is determined to be the fundamental wave beat component (specific signal), and the frequency Fb [k] is output to the repetitive frequency calculation unit 28 described later as the specific signal frequency (Fh ′).
- the repetitive frequency calculating unit 28 operates when the automatic setting mode is specified in the parameter specifying unit 22.
- the temporary sampling frequency Fs ′ is specified to the signal generating unit 24, and the temporary sampling frequency is set.
- the specific signal frequency Fh ′ output from the fundamental wave beat component frequency output unit 50 when the signal under measurement P is sampled by Fs ′ is stored.
- the repetition frequency calculation unit 28 instructs the signal generation unit 24 to change the temporary sampling frequency by a minute amount ⁇ Fs, and at the sampling frequency changed by the minute amount ⁇ Fs, the measured signal P Is calculated from the specific signal frequency output from the fundamental wave beat component frequency output unit 50, and the provisional sampling frequency Fs ′ and the specific signal frequency Fh ′ corresponding thereto are calculated. Based on the change amount ⁇ Fs of the temporary sampling frequency and the specific signal frequency change amount ⁇ Fh corresponding thereto, an accurate repetition frequency Fx of the optical signal P to be measured is calculated and output to the calculation unit 23.
- an operation unit (not shown) is used.
- ⁇ T for example, 100 picoseconds
- the automatic setting mode in the parameter specifying unit 22.
- the repetition frequency calculation unit 28 starts to operate, and first, for example, 10 MHz is designated as a temporary sampling frequency for the signal generation unit 24.
- the signal generation unit 24 outputs a clock signal C having a designated frequency of 10 MHz to the sampling pulse generation unit 25.
- the sampling pulse generation unit 25 receiving the clock signal C receives a sampling pulse Ps synchronized with the clock signal C from the optical sampling unit 26. Is output.
- the optical signal to be measured P input to the input terminal 21a is sampled by the optical sampling unit 26 with the sampling pulse Ps output from the sampling pulse generation unit 25, converted into an electric signal Eo, and output.
- the spectrum analysis unit 51 Upon receiving the electrical signal Eo, the spectrum analysis unit 51 analyzes the signal and outputs, for example, a spectrum as shown in FIG.
- the peak signal detection unit 52 Upon receiving this spectrum, the peak signal detection unit 52, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 26 (a) described above, has the largest peak in the band of 5 MHz or less, which is 1/2 of the tentative sampling frequency. A frequency component having power is detected, and seven peak signals having a peak power equal to or higher than, for example, Pmax / 2 of the peak power (Pmax) of the frequency component are detected ((b) in FIG. 26 described above).
- the fundamental beat component frequency output unit 50 that receives the theoretical frequency Fc [i, j] of these harmonic beat components and the frequencies Fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals output from the peak signal detection unit 52.
- the sum of absolute values of frequency differences between the respective theoretical frequencies Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat components and the plurality of peak signals closest thereto are sequentially calculated, and among the plurality of peak signals,
- the peak signal giving the theoretical frequency Fc [k, j] (k is an integer) of the harmonic beat component that minimizes the sum of the absolute values sequentially calculated for each peak signal is the measured signal. It is determined that the fundamental wave beat component (specific signal) is caused by the fundamental wave of the signal P, and the frequency Fb [k] of the peak signal is output as the specific signal frequency (Fh ′).
- the fundamental beat component frequency output unit 50 sequentially calculates the absolute value of the frequency difference between each theoretical frequency Fc [1, j] of the harmonic beat component and the plurality of peak signals closest to them, From the absolute values that are sequentially calculated, only a specified number of sets in order from the smallest value are taken out and their sums are calculated sequentially, and the sum of the absolute values of the specified numbers that are sequentially calculated is the smallest. It is determined that the peak signal giving the respective theoretical frequencies Fc [k, j] (k is an integer) of the harmonic beat component is the fundamental beat component, and the frequency Fb [k] is the specific signal.
- the frequency Fh ′ may be repeatedly output to the frequency calculation unit 28.
- the repetition frequency calculation unit 28 stores the frequency Fh ′ of the specific signal.
- the signal generator 24 is instructed to change the sampling frequency by a predetermined minute amount (for example, 100 Hz).
- the signal generator 24 increases the temporary sampling frequency for the signal under measurement P by 100 Hz, and the spectrum analyzer 51 outputs the spectrum as shown in FIG.
- each of the seven peak signals is used as a fundamental beat component in the same manner as described above.
- FIG. 29 shows a spectrum diagram of these calculated harmonic beat components.
- the fundamental beat component frequency output unit 50 that receives the theoretical frequency Fc [i, j] of these harmonic beat components and the frequencies Fb [i] of a plurality of peak signals output from the peak signal detection unit 52
- Is a fundamental wave beat component (specific signal), and its frequency Fb [4] 2.6 MHz is output again to the repeated frequency calculation unit 28 as the specific signal frequency.
- provisional sampling frequency Fs ′ 10 MHz
- specific signal frequency Fh ′ 2.7 MHz for provisional sampling frequency Fs ′
- the calculated normal sampling frequency Fs is designated to the signal generator 24.
- a sampling pulse having the regular sampling frequency Fs is generated from the sampling pulse generator 25 instead of the temporary sampling frequency Fs ′, and the measured signal P is sampled by the optical sampling unit 26. .
- the signal to be measured P is sampled by the optical sampling unit 26 with the sampling pulse having the normal sampling frequency Fs, and the pulse signal Eo output from the optical sampling unit 26 is the same as described above with reference to FIG. It is captured and displayed on the digital oscilloscope 60.
- the measured signal sampling apparatus and waveform observation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention, even when the measured signal P is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power, Since the accurate repetition frequency of the signal under measurement P can be detected by using the fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the signal under measurement P can be sampled with high accuracy. In addition, the waveform of the signal under measurement P can be observed with high accuracy.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of the waveform observation system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the waveform observation system 40 according to the third embodiment has a configuration in which the functions of the sampling device 21 and the digital oscilloscope 60 constituting the waveform observation system 20 according to the second embodiment are housed and integrated in a common housing. It has been.
- the waveform observation system 40 includes an A / D converter 43, data acquisition control, in addition to the components of the sampling device 21 of FIG. 4 according to the second embodiment.
- a unit 44 a waveform data memory 45, a display control unit 46, a display unit 47, and an observation mode designating unit 48.
- the A / D converter 43 performs an A / D conversion process on the pulse signal Eo output from the optical sampling unit 26 with a clock signal C from the signal generation unit 24 (or a higher-speed clock synchronized with the clock signal C).
- the peak value data Dp of the pulse signal Eo obtained by the A / D conversion process is output to the data acquisition control unit 44.
- the data acquisition controller 44 starts writing the data Dp to the waveform data memory 45 in synchronization with the clock signal C from the rising (or falling) timing of the trigger signal G from the signal generator 24, When the number of data has been written, the operation of waiting until the trigger signal G rises next is repeated.
- the number of data written in the waveform data memory 45 corresponds to the number of display points on the time axis displayed on the display unit 47 described later.
- the display control unit 46 forms a waveform display unit together with the display unit 47, displays a coordinate screen composed of a time axis and a voltage axis on the display unit 47, and a series of data Dp stored in the waveform data memory 45. Are plotted and displayed on the coordinate screen, and a waveform corresponding to the read series of data Dp is displayed.
- the display control unit 46 performs processing and display processing on the data Dp stored in the waveform data memory 45 in accordance with the observation mode specified by the observation mode specifying unit 48.
- a series of data Dp stored in the waveform data memory 45 is displayed by leaving an afterimage, and when the averaging mode is designated, a series of data stored in the waveform data memory 45 is displayed.
- a predetermined set of data Dp is obtained and averaged, and a series of data obtained by the averaging is overlaid and displayed as a waveform.
- the operation of the waveform observation system 40 configured in this way is the same as that of the waveform observation system 20, and even when the signal under measurement P is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power, It is possible to detect an accurate repetition frequency of the measurement signal P, and since a sampling frequency and a trigger frequency corresponding to the accurate repetition frequency of the detected signal under measurement P are set, the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement P is set. Even a waveform whose frequency is unknown or only an approximate value is known can be displayed stably.
- a trigger signal G that rises only once may be output.
- waveform observation systems 20 and 40 described above similarly apply the present invention to an E / O sampling method in which an electrical signal is sampled with an optical pulse instead of an O / O sampling method in which the optical signal is sampled with an optical pulse. can do.
- the measured signal waveform observation system basically generates an input terminal 21a for inputting the measured signal P and a clock signal C having a designated sampling frequency.
- a spectrum analysis unit 51 that receives an output signal from the sampling unit 26 and outputs a spectrum of the output signal, and of the spectrum output from the spectrum analysis unit 51, the half of the designated sampling frequency A plurality of peak signals appearing in the following bands are detected, and the plurality of peak signals are detected.
- the respective theoretical frequencies Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat components are sequentially compared with the frequencies Fb [i] of the plurality of peak signals obtained by the peak signal detection unit 52, and the comparison is made. Based on the result, the plurality of The peak signal that gives the theoretical frequency Fc [k, j] of the harmonic beat component that most closely matches the frequency Fb [i] of the peak signal is caused by the fundamental wave of the signal under measurement P.
- the fundamental wave beat component frequency output unit 50 that determines that it is the fundamental wave beat component and outputs the frequency Fb [k] of the peak signal as the specific signal frequency Fh ′, and a temporary sampling frequency While designating Fs ′ and changing the temporary sampling frequency by a predetermined amount ⁇ Fs, the change amount ⁇ Fh of the specific signal frequency with respect to the change amount ⁇ Fs of the sampling frequency is obtained, and the temporary sampling frequency Fs ′ and the temporary sampling are obtained.
- the frequency Fh ′ of the specific signal with respect to the frequency, the change amount ⁇ Fs of the sampling frequency, and the frequency change amount ⁇ Fh of the specific signal Based on the repetition frequency Fx for calculating the repetition frequency Fx of the waveform of the signal under measurement P, and an integer multiple of the repetition period Tx corresponding to the repetition frequency Fx calculated by the repetition frequency calculation unit 28 A calculation unit 23 that calculates a frequency Fs corresponding to a period Ts that is different by a predetermined offset delay time ⁇ T as a normal sampling frequency for the signal under measurement P, and designates the normal sampling frequency to the signal generation unit 24; An analog / digital (A / D) converter 43 for converting a signal sampled and output from the sampling unit 26 with the regular sampling pulse into digital waveform data Dp, and the A / D converter A waveform data memory 45 for storing the waveform data Dp output from 43; A data acquisition controller 44 for writing the waveform data Dp output from the A / D converter 43 to the waveform data memory 45 in synchronization
- each theoretical frequency Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat component and the plurality of peak signals closest to them are obtained.
- the sum of absolute values of frequency differences is calculated sequentially (steps S19 and S20), and the theoretical frequency Fc [k, j] of the harmonic beat component that minimizes the sum of the absolute values (k is an integer).
- the frequency Fb [k] of the peak signal is output as the specific signal frequency Fh ′ (step S21).
- the theoretical frequencies Fc [i, j] of the harmonic beat components and the plurality of peak signals closest to them. are sequentially calculated (steps S22 and S23), and the absolute values sequentially calculated for the respective peak signals by the steps S22 and S23 are in ascending order.
- a predetermined number of sets are sequentially taken out and their sums are calculated sequentially (steps S24 and S25), so that the sum of the absolute values of the predetermined number of sets calculated sequentially in steps S24 and S25 is obtained.
- the peak signal giving each theoretical frequency Fc [k, j] (k is an integer) of the harmonic beat component that is minimized is determined to be a fundamental wave beat component (specific signal), Over frequency Fb [k] of the click signal is output as the specific signal frequency Fh 'may be (Step S26) As.
- the measured signal P is Even when the signals have a plurality of harmonic components having the same power, the accurate repetition frequency of the signal under measurement P is detected by using the fundamental wave beat component detection method according to the first embodiment. Therefore, the signal under measurement P can be sampled with high accuracy and the waveform of the signal under measurement P can be observed with high accuracy.
- the signal under measurement is a signal having a plurality of harmonic components having the same power
- a plurality of signals obtained by sampling the signal under measurement are obtained. Acquisition of stable waveform information of the signal under measurement by using a fundamental wave beat component detection method that can determine which order frequency component of the signal under measurement is a beat component due to each beat component of Further, it is possible to provide a sampling apparatus and a waveform observation system that can easily configure the entire system.
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Abstract
Description
Fh′=(Fs′/2)-mod[Fx,Fs′]…(mod[Fx,Fs]>Fs/2の場合)
ただし、記号mod[A,B]は、AをBで割ったときの余りを表す。
δFh/δFs=1+quotient[Fx,Fs′]…(mod[Fx,Fs′]>Fs′/2の場合)
ただし、記号quotient[A,B]は、AをBで割ったときの整数商を表す。
mod[Fx,Fs′]=Fx-Fs′・quotient[Fx,Fs′]
から、被測定信号の周波数Fxは、次の演算で求めることができる。
Fx=-Fh′+Fs′・δFh/δFs …(0<δFhの場合)
図14は、以上のような被測定信号の繰り返し周波数検出方法の手順の一例を示すフローチャートである。
Fx=-Fh′+Fs′・ΔFh/ΔFs …(0<ΔFhの場合)
…(1)
これにより、波形情報を取得して観測するシステムの場合には、この周波数検出処理を被測定信号について予め行い、それによって得られた周波数Fxに対応した正規のサンプリング周波数Fsを設定すれば、被測定信号の波形情報の取得及び観測を正確に行うことができる。
演算部23は、この繰り返し周波数算出部28によって算出された正確な繰り返し周波数Fxに基づいて入力信号に正確に対応した正規のサンプリング周波数Fs及びトリガ周波数Fgを計算し、信号発生部24に設定する。
fx=-fh+fs・dfh/dfs …(0<dfh/dfsの場合)
ここで、特定信号の周波数変化量dfhの具体的な測定は、例えば、次のようにして行われる。
例えば、図20の(a)に示すように、パルス周期1/fxに対して、パルス幅wが狭い場合であり、そのスペクトラムには、図20の(b)に示すように、パルスの繰り返し周波数fx(あるいはビットレート)の高調波2fx、3fx、4fx…成分が多数存在する。
例えば、図21の(a)に示すように、例えば、パルスの繰り返し周波数(あるいはビットレート)がfxで、データ01011のパターン長5ビットのデータ変調された信号の場合であり、そのスペクトラムには、図21の(b)に示すように、パルスの繰り返し周波数(あるいはビットレート)fxをパターン長(ビット長)で割った周波数fx/5の高調波2fx/5、3fx/5、4fz/5…成分が多数存在する。
図22の(a)に示すように、各々のビットレートがfx/4である4つのチャンネルを光・時分割多重(O-TDM)により、一つの信号とする場合において、各チャンネルのタイムスロット位置が等時間間隔になっている場合には、通常、fx/4の高調波成分は抑圧されて小さくなり、fx(及びその高調波成分)が支配的となるが、図22の(b)に示すように、各チャンネルのタイムスロット位置が等時間間隔になっていない場合には、図22の(c)に示すように、各チャンネルのビットレートfx/4の高調波が2fx/4、3fx/4、4fx/4…成分が抑圧されずに大きくなる。
次に、被測定信号が、上述した(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)の場合のように、同じ様なパワーを有する複数の高調波成分を持つ信号である場合に、被測定信号の繰り返し周波数検出の測定結果に大きな誤差が発生する原因について説明する。
fx=fh-fs・dfh/dfs
=4.6MHz-10MHz・(-2MHz)/100Hz
=200.005GHz
と算出されるが、この算出結果は約10GHzの繰り返し周波数を有する被測定信号に対し200.005GHzとなっているので、明らかに間違っていることになる。
被測定信号(P)をあるサンプリング周波数fsでサンプリングして得られる信号を解析し、そのスペクトラムを得る第1の段階(S11、S12)と、
前記第1の段階(S11、S12)により得られた前記スペクトラムのうち、前記あるサンプリング周波数fsの1/2以下の帯域に現れる複数のピーク信号を検出し、それら複数のピーク信号の周波数fb[i](i=1,2,3…)を求める第2の段階(S13)と、
前記第2の段階(S13)によって検出された前記複数のピーク信号それぞれを前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因するビート成分(基本波ビート成分)であると仮定して、前記被測定信号(P)の高調波成分に起因するビート成分(高調波ビート成分)の各理論周波数fc[i,j](i=1,2,3…,j=1,2,3…)を順次に計算する第3の段階(S14、S15)と、
前記第3の段階(S14、S15)によって各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算された前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数fc[i,j]を前記第2の段階(S13)によって検出された前記複数のピーク信号の周波数fb[i]と順次に比較し、その比較された結果に基づいて、前記複数のピーク信号のうち、それらの周波数fb[i]と最も一致する前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断する第4の段階(S16、S17、S18)と、
を具備する基本波ビート成分検出方法が提供される。
前記第3の段階(S14、S15)は、
前記fb[i]を前記基本波ビート成分の周波数であると仮定した場合の、前記被測定信号(P)のj次の高調波成分に起因する高調波ビート成分の理論周波数fc[i,j]を、次式
fc[i,j]=mod(j・fb[i],fs)…mod(j・fb[i],fs)<fs/2の場合
fc[i,j]=fs-mod(j・fb[i],fs)…mod(j・fb[i],fs)≧fs/2の場合
に基づいて計算することを特徴とする第1の態様に従う基本波ビート成分検出方法が提供される。
前記第4の段階(S16、S17、S18)は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値の和を順次に計算する第5の段階(S19、S20)と、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記第5の段階(S19、S20)によって前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の各理論周波数fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断する第6の段階(S21)とを有することを特徴とする第2の態様に従う基本波ビート成分検出方法が提供される。
前記第4の段階(S18)は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値を順次に計算する第7の段階(S22、S23)と、
前記第7の段階(S22、S23)によって前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の中から、値が小さい順にある規定数組だけ順次に取り出してそれらの和を順次に計算する第8の段階(S24、S25)と、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記第8の段階(S24、S25)によって前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記規定数組の絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断する第9の段階(S26)とを有することを特徴とする第2の態様に従う基本波ビート成分検出方法が提供される。
被測定信号(P)を入力するための入力端子(21a)と、
指定されたサンプリング周波数のクロック信号(C)を生成する信号発生部(24)と、
前記クロック信号(C)に同期したサンプリングパルスを発生するサンプリングパルス発生部(25)と、
前記入力端子(21a)に入力された前記被測定信号(P)を前記サンプリングパルスによってサンプリングするサンプリング部(26)と、
前記サンプリング部(26)からの出力信号を受け、該出力信号のスペクトラムを出力するスペクトラム解析部(51)と、
前記スペクトラム解析部(51)から出力されるスペクトラムのうち、前記指定されたサンプリング周波数の1/2以下の帯域に現れる複数のピーク信号を検出し、該複数のピーク信号の周波数Fb[i](i=1,2,3…)を求めるするピーク信号検出部(52)と、
前記ピーク信号検出部(52)によって検出された前記複数のピーク信号それぞれを前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因するビート成分(基本波ビート成分)であると仮定して、前記被測定信号(P)の高調波成分に起因するビート成分(高調波ビート成分)の各理論周波数Fc[i,j](i=1,2,3…,j=1,2,3…)を順次に計算する理論周波数算出部(53)と、
前記理論周波数算出部(53)によって各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算された前記高調波ビート成分の各理論周波数Fc[i,j]を、前記ピーク信号検出部(52)によって得られた前記複数のピーク信号の周波数Fb[i]と順次に比較し、その比較された結果に基づいて、前記複数のピーク信号のうち、それらの周波数Fb[i]と最も一致する前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分(特定信号)であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力する基本波ビート成分周波数出力部(50)と、
前記信号発生部(24)に対し、仮のサンプリング周波数(Fs′)を指定すると共に、前記仮のサンプリング周波数を所定量(ΔFs)変化させて、該サンプリング周波数の変化量に対する前記特定信号周波数の変化量(ΔFh)を求め、前記仮のサンプリング周波数と、該仮のサンプリング周波数に対する前記特定信号周波数と、前記サンプリング周波数の変化量及び前記特定信号周波数の変化量とに基づいて、前記被測定信号(P)の波形の繰り返し周波数(Fx)を算出する繰り返し周波数算出部(28)と、
前記繰り返し周波数算出部(28)によって算出された繰り返し周波数(Fx)に対応する繰り返し周期(Tx)の整数倍に対して所定のオフセット遅延時間(ΔT)だけ差のある周期(Ts)に対応する周波数を前記被測定信号(P)に対する正規のサンプリング周波数(Fs)として算出し、該正規のサンプリング周波数を前記信号発生部(24)に指定する演算部(23)と、
前記信号発生部(24)からの前記クロック信号(C)を外部へ出力するためのクロック出力端子(21b)と、
前記サンプリング部(26)から出力された信号を外部へ出力するためのサンプル信号出力端子(21c)と、
を具備することを特徴とする被測定信号のサンプリング装置が提供される。
前記理論周波数算出部(53)は、
前記Fb[i]を前記基本波ビート成分の周波数であると仮定した場合の、前記被測定信号(P)のj次の高調波成分に起因する高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[i,j]を、次式
Fc[i,j]=mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)<Fs′/2の場合
Fc[i,j]=Fs′-mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)≧Fs′/2の場合
に基づいて計算することを特徴とする第5の態様に従う被測定信号のサンプリング装置が提供される。
前記基本波ビート成分周波数出力部(50)は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数Fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値の和を順次に計算し、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を前記特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力することを特徴とする第6の態様に従う被測定信号のサンプリング装置が提供される。
前記基本波ビート成分周波数出力部(50)は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数Fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値を順次に計算すると共に、
前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の中から、値が小さい順にある規定数組だけ順次に取り出してそれらの和を順次に計算することにより、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記規定数組の絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を前記特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力することを特徴とする第6の態様に従う被測定信号のサンプリング装置が提供される。
被測定信号(P)を入力するための入力端子(21a)と、
指定されたサンプリング周波数のクロック信号(C)を生成する信号発生部(24)と、
前記クロック信号(C)に同期したサンプリングパルスを発生するサンプリングパルス発生部(25)と、
前記入力端子(21a)に入力された前記被測定信号(P)を前記サンプリングパルスによってサンプリングするサンプリング部(26)と、
前記サンプリング部(26)からの出力信号を受け、該出力信号のスペクトラムを出力するスペクトラム解析部(51)と、
前記スペクトラム解析部(51)から出力されるスペクトラムのうち、前記指定されたサンプリング周波数の1/2以下の帯域に現れる複数のピーク信号を検出し、該複数のピーク信号の周波数Fb[i](i=1,2,3…)を求めるするピーク信号検出部(52)と、
前記ピーク信号検出部(52)によって検出された前記複数のピーク信号それぞれを前記被測定信号Pの基本波に起因するビート成分(基本波ビート成分)であると仮定して、前記被測定信号(P)の高調波成分に起因するビート成分(高調波ビート成分)の各理論周波数Fc[i,j](i=1,2,3…,j=1,2,3…)を順次に計算する理論周波数算出部(53)と、
前記理論周波数算出部(53)によって各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算された前記高調波ビート成分の各理論周波数Fc[i,j]を、前記ピーク信号検出部(52)によって得られた前記複数のピーク信号の周波数Fb[i]と順次に比較し、その比較された結果に基づいて、前記複数のピーク信号のうち、それらの周波数Fb[i]と最も一致する前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力する基本波ビート成分周波数出力部(50)と、
前記信号発生部(24)に対し、仮のサンプリング周波数(Fs′)を指定すると共に、前記仮のサンプリング周波数を所定量(ΔFs)変化させて、該サンプリング周波数の変化量に対する前記特定信号周波数の変化量(ΔFh)を求め、前記仮のサンプリング周波数と、該仮のサンプリング周波数に対する前記特定信号周波数と、前記サンプリング周波数の変化量及び前記特定信号周波数の変化量とに基づいて、前記被測定信号(P)の波形の繰り返し周波数(Fx)を算出する繰り返し周波数算出部(28)と、
前記繰り返し周波数算出部(28)によって算出された繰り返し周波数(Fx)に対応する繰り返し周期(Tx)の整数倍に対して所定のオフセット遅延時間(ΔT)だけ差のある周期(Ts)に対応する周波数を前記被測定信号(P)に対する正規のサンプリング周波数(Fs)として算出し、該正規のサンプリング周波数を前記信号発生部(24)に指定する演算部(23)と、
前記サンプリング部(26)から前記正規のサンプリングパルスでサンプリングされて出力される信号をデジタルの波形データに変換して出力するアナログ/デジタル(A/D)変換器(43)と、
前記A/D変換器(43)から出力される前記波形データを記憶するための波形データメモリ(45)と、
前記A/D変換器(43)から出力される前記波形データを前記信号発生部(24)からの前記クロック信号(C)に同期して前記波形データメモリ(45)に書き込むデータ取得制御部(44)と、
前記波形データメモリ(45)に記憶された一連の波形データを読み出して表示部(46)の時間軸上に前記オフセット遅延時間(ΔT)に対応する間隔で表示する表示制御部(46)と、
を具備する被測定信号の波形観測システムが提供される。
前記理論周波数算出部(53)は、
前記Fb[i]を前記基本波ビート成分の周波数であると仮定した場合の、前記被測定信号(P)のj次の高調波成分に起因する高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[i,j]を、次式
Fc[i,j]=mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)<Fs′/2の場合
Fc[i,j]=Fs′-mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)≧Fs′/2の場合
に基づいて計算することを特徴とする第9の態様に従う被測定信号の波形観測システムが提供される。
前記基本波ビート成分周波数出力部(50)は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数Fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値の和を順次に計算し、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を前記特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力することを特徴とする第10の態様に従う被測定信号の波形観測システムが提供される。
前記基本波ビート成分周波数出力部(50)は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数Fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値を順次に計算すると共に、
前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の中から、値が小さい順にある規定数組だけ順次に取り出してそれらの和を順次に計算することにより、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記規定数組の絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力することを特徴とする第10の態様に従う被測定信号の波形観測システムが提供される。
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態による基本波ビート成分検出方法の手順を説明するために示すフローチャートである。
fc[i,j]=mod(j・fb[i],fs)…mod(j・fb[i],fs)<fs/2の場合
fc[i,j]=fs-mod(j・fb[i],fs)…mod(j・fb[i],fs)≧fs/2の場合
に基づいて計算される。
fc[1,j]
={1.6,2.4,3.2,4.0,4.8,4.4}MHz
と計算され、以下同様に、i=2~7の場合についても
fc[2,j]
={2.2,3.3,4.4,4.5.3.4,2.3}MHz
fc[3,j]
={3.8,4.3,2.4,0.5,1.4,3.3}MHz
fc[4,j]
={4.6,1.9,0.8,3.5,3.8,1.1}MHz
fc[5,j]
={3.0,0.5,4.0,2.5.1.0,4.5}MHz
fc[6,j]
={2.4,1.4,4.8,1.0,2.8,3.4}MHz
fc[7,j]
={0.8,3.8,1.6,3.0,2.4,2.2}MHz
と順次に計算される。
図4は、本発明の第2の実施形態による被測定信号のサンプリング装置を含む波形観測システムの構成を説明するために示すブロック図である。
Fs=Fx/(N+Fx・ΔT)
の演算によって求められる。
Fg=mod[Fx,Fs]=Fs・Fx・ΔT
の演算によって得られる。
109/(N+109・0.1×10-12)
が、9.999MHzから10.001MHzの範囲に入る整数Nを求め、そのNについてFs=Fx/(N+Fx・ΔT)を満たす周波数Fsを求めればよく、上記数値例では、N=100、Fs=9.99999MHzが得られる。
Fg=Fs・Fx・ΔT
=9.99999×106・1×109・0.1×10-12
=9.99999×102(MHz)
となる。
Fc[i,j]=mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)<Fs′/2の場合
Fc[i,j]=Fs′-mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)≧Fs′/2の場合
に基づいて、検出した各々のピーク信号を基本波ビート成分であると仮定した場合の前記高調波ビート成分の各理論周波数Fc[i,j]が計算される。
Fc[1,j]
={1.6,2.4,3.2,4.0,4.8,4.4}MHz
と計算され、以下同様にi=2~7の場合についても
Fc[2,j]
={2.2,3.3,4.4,4.5,3.4,2.3}MHz
Fc[3,j]
={3.8,4.3,2.4,0.5,1.4,3.3}MHz
Fc[4,j]
={4.6,1.9,0.8,3.5,3.8,1.1}MHz
Fc[5,j]
={3.0,0.5,4.0,2.5,1.0,4.5}MHz
Fc[6,j]
={2.4,1.4,4.8,1.0,2.8,3.4}MHz
Fc[7,j]
={0.8,3.8,1.6,3.0,2.4,2.2}MHz
と順次に計算され、基本波ビート成分周波数出力部50へ出力される。
Fc[1,j]
={0.7998,1.1997,1.5996,
1.9995,2.3994,2.7993}MHz
Fc[2,j]
={3.6004,4.5995,2.7993,
0.9991,0.8011,2.6013}MHz
Fc[3,j]
={4.4002,3.3998,1.1997,
1.0004,3.2005,4.5995}MHz
Fc[4,j]
={4.8001,2.2001,0.3999,
2.9999,4.4002,1.8002}MHz
Fc[5,j]
={4.0003,1.0004,1.9995,
4.9994,2.0008,0.9991}MHz
Fc[6,j]
={1.1997,3.2005,3.3994,
2.0008,3.5991,0.8011}MHz
Fc[7,j]
={0.3990,4.4002,0.7998,
4.0003,1.1997,3.6004}MHz
と順次に計算され、基本波ビート成分周波数出力部50へ出力される。
Fx=Fh′-Fs′・ΔFh/ΔFs
=2.7MHz-10MHz・(-100kHz)/100Hz
=10.0027GHz
と計算され、演算部23に設定される。
Fs=Fx/(N+Fx・ΔT)
により、約10002689.994Hz(N=1000にて)のように算出し、この算出された正規のサンプリング周波数Fsを前記信号発生部24に指定する。
図9は、本発明の第3の実施形態による波形観測システムの構成を説明するために示すブロック図である。
Fc[i,j]=mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)<Fs′/2の場合
Fc[i,j]=Fs′-mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)≧Fs′/2の場合
に基づいて計算される。
Claims (12)
- 被測定信号(P)をあるサンプリング周波数(fs)でサンプリングして得られる信号を解析し、そのスペクトラムを得る第1の段階(ステップS11、S12)と、
前記第1の段階により得られた前記スペクトラムのうち、前記あるサンプリング周波数fsの1/2以下の帯域に現れる複数のピーク信号を検出し、それら複数のピーク信号の周波数fb[i](i=1,2,3…)を求める第2の段階(ステップS13)と、
前記第2の段階によって検出された前記複数のピーク信号それぞれを前記被測定信号Pの基本波に起因するビート成分(基本波ビート成分)であると仮定して、前記被測定信号Pの高調波成分に起因するビート成分(高調波ビート成分)の各理論周波数fc[i,j](i=1,2,3…,j=1,2,3…)を順次に計算する第3の段階(ステップS14、S15)と、
前記第3の段階によって各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算された前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数fc[i,j]を前記第2の段階によって検出された前記複数のピーク信号の周波数fb[i]と順次に比較し、その比較された結果に基づいて、前記複数のピーク信号のうち、それらの周波数fb[i]と最も一致する前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断する第4の段階(ステップS16、S17、S18)と、
を具備する基本波ビート成分検出方法。 - 前記第3の段階は、
前記fb[i]を前記基本波ビート成分の周波数であると仮定した場合の、前記被測定信号Pのj次の高調波成分に起因する高調波ビート成分の理論周波数fc[i,j]を、次式
fc[i,j]=mod(j・fb[i],fs)…mod(j・fb[i],fs)<fs/2の場合
fc[i,j]=fs-mod(j・fb[i],fs)…mod(j・fb[i],fs)≧fs/2の場合
に基づいて計算する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の基本波ビート成分検出方法。 - 前記第4の段階は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値の和を順次に計算する第5の段階(ステップS19、S20)と、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記第5の段階によって前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断する第6の段階(ステップS21)と、
を有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の基本波ビート成分検出方法。 - 前記第4の段階は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値を順次に計算する第7の段階(ステップS22、S23)と、
前記第7の段階によって前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の中から、値が小さい順にある規定数組だけ順次に取り出してそれらの和を順次に計算する第8の段階(ステップS24、S25)と、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記第8の段階によって前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記規定数組の絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断する第9の段階(ステップS26)と、
を有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の基本波ビート成分検出方法。 - 被測定信号(P)を入力するための入力端子(21a)と、
指定されたサンプリング周波数のクロック信号(C)を生成する信号発生部(24)と、
前記クロック信号(C)に同期したサンプリングパルスを発生するサンプリングパルス発生部(25)と、
前記入力端子に入力された前記被測定信号(P)を前記サンプリングパルスによってサンプリングするサンプリング部(26)と、
前記サンプリング部からの出力信号を受け、該出力信号のスペクトラムを出力するスペクトラム解析部(51)と、
前記スペクトラム解析部から出力されるスペクトラムのうち、前記指定されたサンプリング周波数の1/2以下の帯域に現れる複数のピーク信号を検出し、該複数のピーク信号の周波数Fb[i](i=1,2,3…)を求めるするピーク信号検出部(52)と、
前記ピーク信号検出部によって検出された前記複数のピーク信号それぞれを前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因するビート成分(基本波ビート成分)であると仮定して、前記被測定信号(P)の高調波成分に起因するビート成分(高調波ビート成分)の各理論周波数Fc[i,j](i=1,2,3…,j=1,2,3…)を順次に計算する理論周波数算出部(53)と、
前記理論周波数算出部によって各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算された前記高調波ビート成分の各理論周波数Fc[i,j]を、前記ピーク信号検出部によって得られた前記複数のピーク信号の周波数Fb[i]と順次に比較し、その比較された結果に基づいて、前記複数のピーク信号のうち、それらの周波数Fb[i]と最も一致する前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力する基本波ビート成分周波数出力部(50)と、
前記信号発生部に対し、仮のサンプリング周波数(Fs′)を指定すると共に、該仮のサンプリング周波数を所定量(ΔFs)変化させて、該サンプリング周波数の変化量に対する前記特定信号周波数の変化量(ΔFh)を求め、前記仮のサンプリング周波数と、該仮のサンプリング周波数に対する前記特定信号周波数と、前記サンプリング周波数の変化量及び前記特定信号周波数の変化量とに基づいて、前記被測定信号(P)の波形の繰り返し周波数(Fx)を算出する繰り返し周波数算出部(28)と、
前記繰り返し周波数算出部によって算出された前記被測定信号(P)の波形の繰り返し周波数に対応する繰り返し周期(Tx)の整数倍に対して所定のオフセット遅延時間(ΔT)だけ差のある周期(Ts)に対応する周波数を前記被測定信号(P)に対する正規のサンプリング周波数(Fs)として算出し、該正規のサンプリング周波数を前記信号発生部に指定する演算部(23)と、
前記クロック信号(C)を外部へ出力するためのクロック出力端子(21b)と、
前記サンプリング部から出力された信号を外部へ出力するためのサンプル信号出力端子(21c)と、
を具備することを特徴とする被測定信号のサンプリング装置。 - 前記理論周波数算出部は、
前記Fb[i]を前記基本波ビート成分の周波数であると仮定した場合の、前記被測定信号(P)のj次の高調波成分に起因する高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[i,j]を、次式
Fc[i,j]=mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)<Fs′/2の場合
Fc[i,j]=Fs′-mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)≧Fs′/2の場合
に基づいて計算する
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の被測定信号のサンプリング装置。 - 前記基本波ビート成分周波数出力部は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数Fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値の和を順次に計算し、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を前記特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力する
ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の被測定信号のサンプリング装置。 - 前記基本波ビート成分周波数出力部は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数Fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値を順次に計算すると共に、
前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の中から、値が小さい順にある規定数組だけ順次に取り出してそれらの和を順次に計算することにより、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記規定数組の絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を前記特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力する
ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の被測定信号のサンプリング装置。 - 被測定信号(P)を入力するための入力端子(21a)と、
指定されたサンプリング周波数(fs)のクロック信号(C)を生成出力する信号発生部(24)と、
前記クロック信号に同期したサンプリングパルスを発生するサンプリングパルス発生部(25)と、
前記入力端子に入力された前記被測定信号(P)を前記サンプリングパルス(Ps)によってサンプリングするサンプリング部(26)と、
前記サンプリング部からの出力信号を受け、該出力信号のスペクトラムを出力するスペクトラム解析部(51)と、
前記スペクトラム解析部から出力されるスペクトラムのうち、前記指定されたサンプリング周波数の1/2以下の帯域に現れる複数のピーク信号を検出し、該複数のピーク信号の周波数Fb[i](i=1,2,3…)を求めるピーク信号検出部(52)と、
前記ピーク信号検出部によって検出された前記複数のピーク信号それぞれを前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因するビート成分(基本波ビート成分)であると仮定して、前記被測定信号(P)の高調波成分に起因するビート成分(高調波ビート成分)の各理論周波数Fc[i,j](i=1,2,3…,j=1,2,3…)を順次に計算する理論周波数算出部(53)と、
前記理論周波数算出部によって各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算された前記高調波ビート成分の各理論周波数Fc[i,j]を、前記ピーク信号検出部(52)によって得られた前記複数のピーク信号の周波数Fb[i]と順次に比較し、その比較された結果に基づいて、前記複数のピーク信号のうち、それらの周波数Fb[i]と最も一致する前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力する基本波ビート成分周波数出力部(50)と、
前記信号発生部に対し、仮のサンプリング周波数(Fs′)を指定すると共に、仮のサンプリング周波数を所定量(ΔFs)変化させて、該サンプリング周波数の変化量に対する前記特定信号周波数の変化量(ΔFh)を求め、前記仮のサンプリング周波数と、該仮のサンプリング周波数に対する前記特定信号周波数と、前記サンプリング周波数の変化量及び前記特定信号周波数の変化量とに基づいて、前記被測定信号(P)の波形の繰り返し周波数(Fx)を算出する繰り返し周波数算出部(28)と、
前記繰り返し周波数算出部によって算出された前記被測定信号(P)の波形の繰り返し周波数に対応する繰り返し周期(Tx)の整数倍に対して所定のオフセット遅延時間(ΔT)だけ差のある周期(Ts)に対応する周波数を前記被測定信号Pに対する正規のサンプリング周波数(Fs)として算出し、該正規のサンプリング周波数を前記信号発生部に指定する演算部(23)と、
前記サンプリング部から前記正規のサンプリングパルスでサンプリングされて出力される信号をデジタルの波形データに変換して出力するアナログ/デジタル(A/D)変換器(43)と、
前記A/D変換器から出力される前記波形データを記憶するための波形データメモリ(45)と、
前記A/D変換器から出力される前記波形データを前記信号発生部からの前記クロック信号に同期して前記波形データメモリに書き込むデータ取得制御部(44)と、
前記波形データメモリに記憶された一連の波形データを読み出して表示部(47)の時間軸上に前記オフセット遅延時間に対応する間隔で表示する表示制御部(46)と、
を具備する被測定信号の波形観測システム。 - 前記理論周波数算出部は、
前記Fb[i]を前記基本波ビート成分の周波数であると仮定した場合の、前記被測定信号Pのj次の高調波成分に起因する高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[i,j]を、次式
Fc[i,j]=mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)<Fs′/2の場合
Fc[i,j]=Fs′-mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)…mod(j・Fb[i],Fs′)≧Fs′/2の場合
に基づいて計算する
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の被測定信号の波形観測システム。 - 前記基本波ビート成分周波数出力部は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数Fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値の和を順次に計算し、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を前記特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力する
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の被測定信号の波形観測システム。 - 前記基本波ビート成分周波数出力部は、
前記高調波ビート成分の前記各理論周波数Fc[i,j]と、それらに最も近い前記複数のピーク信号との周波数差の絶対値を順次に計算すると共に、
前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記絶対値の中から、値が小さい順にある規定数組だけ順次に取り出してそれらの和を順次に計算することにより、
前記複数のピーク信号のうち、前記各ピーク信号毎に順次に計算される前記規定数組の絶対値の和が最小となる前記高調波ビート成分の理論周波数Fc[k,j](kはある整数)を与える前記ピーク信号を、前記被測定信号(P)の基本波に起因する前記基本波ビート成分であると判断し、当該ピーク信号の周波数Fb[k]を前記特定信号周波数(Fh′)として出力する
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の被測定信号の波形観測システム。
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CN102033164A (zh) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-04-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种计算电信号的基波分量采样信号序列的方法和系统 |
WO2020171145A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-21 | 2020-08-27 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | パルス列信号の周期推定装置、パルス列信号の周期推定方法およびパルス列信号の周期推定プログラム |
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GB201309823D0 (en) * | 2013-06-01 | 2013-07-17 | Metroic Ltd | Current measurement |
WO2016093052A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | 位置検出システム、その方法およびそのプログラム |
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CN102033164A (zh) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-04-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种计算电信号的基波分量采样信号序列的方法和系统 |
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JPWO2020171145A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-21 | 2021-10-14 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | パルス列信号の周期推定装置、パルス列信号の周期推定方法およびパルス列信号の周期推定プログラム |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8195416B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 |
EP2261681A1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
EP2261681A4 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
CA2653572A1 (en) | 2009-10-04 |
JP4925018B2 (ja) | 2012-04-25 |
US20100299092A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
JPWO2009122594A1 (ja) | 2011-07-28 |
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