WO2009120951A2 - Système de contrôle automatisé du revêtement de protection et procédés d’utilisation - Google Patents

Système de contrôle automatisé du revêtement de protection et procédés d’utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009120951A2
WO2009120951A2 PCT/US2009/038541 US2009038541W WO2009120951A2 WO 2009120951 A2 WO2009120951 A2 WO 2009120951A2 US 2009038541 W US2009038541 W US 2009038541W WO 2009120951 A2 WO2009120951 A2 WO 2009120951A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pcb
conformal coating
light
image
camera
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2009/038541
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2009120951A3 (fr
Inventor
Owen Y. Sit
Original Assignee
Nordson Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nordson Corporation filed Critical Nordson Corporation
Publication of WO2009120951A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009120951A2/fr
Publication of WO2009120951A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009120951A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
    • G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
    • G01R31/2805—Bare printed circuit boards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10064—Fluorescence image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10141—Special mode during image acquisition
    • G06T2207/10152—Varying illumination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
    • G06T2207/30141—Printed circuit board [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0266—Marks, test patterns or identification means
    • H05K1/0269—Marks, test patterns or identification means for visual or optical inspection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
    • H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
    • H05K3/284—Applying non-metallic protective coatings for encapsulating mounted components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
    • H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
    • H05K3/285—Permanent coating compositions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to conformal coating inspection, and more specifically to a system and method for automated inspection of conformal coatings on printed circuit boards (PCB) using ultraviolet lighting.
  • PCB printed circuit boards
  • a conformal coating is a thin layer of dielectric material that is applied to a populated printed circuit board (PCB) to provide environmental and mechanical protection to the circuitry on the board.
  • the coating protects the circuitry from moisture and containment and prevents short circuit and corrosion of metal conductor and solders joints.
  • the conformal coating also prevents or minimizes the dendritic growth (electrochemical migration) of metal at the solder joints that could later result in short circuit.
  • the protection afforded by the conformal coating is only effective if the coating is properly applied.
  • the coating material can be applied using various methods such as brushing, spraying, dipping or for complex electronics board using a specialized robotic machine to apply coating to the selective areas. For electronic circuits with connectors, it is important that these are masked off during the process of applying the conformal coating material. It is also important for the connector pins to be free of the coating material.
  • UV fluorescent tracers can be added to the materiel.
  • the UV tracer allows the coating to fluoresce under UV light.
  • PCB printed circuit boards
  • an automated system for inspecting a conformal coating on a printed circuit board (PCB) wherein the conformal coating includes a tracer that fluoresces visible light in the presence of UV light.
  • the automated system includes an ultraviolet (UV) light source configured to direct the UV light onto the conformal coating and at least one camera having a lens configured to capture one or more images of the visible light from the tracer in the conformal coating when the tracer fluoresces in the presence of the UV light.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • a method for automated inspection of conformal coatings on printed circuit boards (PCB) wherein the conformal coating includes a tracer that fluoresces visible light in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light.
  • the method includes illuminating the conformal coating with the UV light, capturing an image of the visible light fluoresced from the tracer in the conformal coating, analyzing intensities of the visible light in the captured image fluoresced from the tracer in the conformal coating, and in response to the analysis of the intensities, determining whether the PCB is properly coated by the conformal coating.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automated conformal coating inspection system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged diagrammatic view of an alternate embodiment of the lighting and camera sub-system of the automated conformal coating inspection system of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an elevational view of an alternate embodiment of the board holder sub-system of the automated conformal coating inspection system of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged diagrammatic view of an alternate embodiment of the board holder sub-system of the automated conformal coating inspection system of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 1 depicts an embodiment of an automated system 10 for inspecting a conformal coating 12 on a printed circuit board (PCB) 14.
  • the system 10 includes a lighting sub-system 15 that has an ultraviolet (UV) light source 16 that directs UV light onto the conformal coating 12, which includes a tracer that fluoresces in the presence of the UV light.
  • the lighting sub-system 15 also can include an optional white light source 17 that directs white light onto the conformal coating 12 of the PCB 14.
  • the system 10 further includes a camera sub-system 18, which includes a camera 20 having a lens 22 (Fig. 2) positioned above the PCB 14 to capture one or more images of the illuminated PCB 14 when light is emitted onto the PCB 14. The captured images are conveyed to an image-processing computer 26 for determining whether the PCB 14 is properly coated, as further explained below.
  • the system 10 also includes a board holder sub-system 28 having support pins 30 (Fig. 3) that holds the PCB 14 during inspection.
  • the board holder sub-system 28 defines an automated conveyor system (Fig. 4) that includes a conveyable platform 29 configured to hold one or more PCBs 28 about one or more edges.
  • a transport assembly which is also part of the automated system 10, includes X-axis and Y-axis motors 32 and 34, which are connected to and move the camera 20 and board holder sub-system 28, respectively, to aid in inspection of the PCB 14.
  • the transport assembly alternatively, can include an XY- axis motor (not shown) which is connected to only the board holder subsystem 28 or only the camera 20.
  • the camera 20 may be connected to the Y-axis motor 34 and the board holder sub-system 28 connected to the X-axis motor 32.
  • Other options are contemplated including incorporation of Z-axis movement, as desired.
  • the image -processing computer 26 is associated with the camera 20 as well as a motion controller 38 for providing operating instructions to the X and Y motors 32, 34.
  • the image-processing computer 26 is configured for user interface with the system 10 and interprets the captured images for determining whether the PCB 14 is properly coated.
  • the image-processing computer 26 includes one or more software programs capable of executing machine vision algorithms for measuring the thickness and/or coverage of the conformal coating 12 based upon the intensity of the fluoresced tracer as depicted in the captured images.
  • User interfacing may be accomplished via a computer monitor, keyboard, and/or mouse, depicted generally as numeral 40, which are cooperatively associated with the image -processing computer 26.
  • One such system 10 that may be adapted to perform automated inspection of conformal coatings using UV light is the B Series Benchtop Automated Optical inspection system, such as the YTV B 3 AOI Benchtop Automated Optical inspection system, or the F Series inline Automated Optical inspection system, available from YesTech Inc. of Carlsbad, California. Certain of the sub-systems 15, 18, 28 and operation of system 10 are further described next.
  • the lighting sub-system 15 is able to illuminate the board 14 in either white light or UV lighting under computer control.
  • One or more UV light or white light sources 16, 17 may be utilized.
  • the white light produces a natural image of the board 14 whereas the UV light triggers the fluorescence tracer in the conformal coating 12, making it glow or fluoresce.
  • the brightness or intensity of "the glow” is proportional to the thickness of the conformal coating 12. By measuring the intensity of the glow, the coverage and thickness of the coating 12 can be determined by the computer software.
  • the white light is used in fiducial alignment, barcode reading, or optical character recognition (OCR). Barcode reading or OCR is desirable to provide traceability for the process.
  • the UV light emitted from the UV light source 16 includes any desired
  • Any suitable tracer or dye that fluoresces under UV light may be utilized in the conformal coating 12 of the PCB 14.
  • the dyed fluoropolymers disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,894,105, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety may be utilized.
  • the functional dyes of U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0240020, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety may be utilized.
  • the conformal coatings 12 are protective coatings that conform to the surface of the PCB 14. Properly applied conformal coatings 12 can increase the working life of the PCB 14 by protecting its components and the board itself. Conformal coatings 12 can, for example, provide a barrier to moisture, chemicals, dust, fungus, ultraviolet light, and ozone, as well as act as a stress-relieving shock and vibration absorber. Various materials such as, for example, polyurethanes, acrylics, epoxies, and silicones are commonly used for conformal coatings 12. The selection of a conformal coating 12 is generally based upon desired performance and processing requirements for a specific application. The tracer or dye may be incorporated into the coating 12 by means and methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • the camera 20 is generally depicted in Fig. 1 as being situated above the
  • the lens 22 may be oriented directly at a confronting surface 42 of the PCB 14 to capture one or more images of the illuminated PCB 14.
  • the camera 20 alternatively may be may be angled, e.g., at a 45° angle, relative to the confronting surface 42 of the PCB 14 so that the lens 22 captures one or more edge images of an outer edge 44 of the illuminated PCB 14 as compared to merely images of the confronting surface 42 of the PCB 14.
  • the camera 20 with lens 22 may be angled or positioned perpendicular to the confronting surface 42 of the PCB 14.
  • the camera 20 in this embodiment, can be manipulated to capture images of both the surface 42 and outer edges 44 of the PCB 14.
  • the camera 20 in this embodiment, can be manipulated to capture images of both the surface 42 and outer edges 44 of the PCB 14.
  • a y-axis motor not shown
  • the camera 20 in this embodiment, can be manipulated to capture images of both the surface 42 and outer edges 44 of the PCB 14.
  • the camera 20 is generally depicted in Figs. 1 and 2, it should be understood that more than one camera may be provided in the system 10.
  • the board holder sub-system 28 holds the PCBs 14 for inspection. As shown in Fig. 3, the board holder sub-system 28 supports the PCB 14 from below using support pins 30 having magnetic bases 52. Distal ends (not shown) of each pin 50 are configured to securely situate the PCB 14. For example, the distal end may include a male portion that cooperates with a corresponding female portion in the PCB 14 so as to securely seat the PCB 14.
  • the holder sub-system 28 also allows for the placement of optional mirrors 54 adjacent the seated PCB 14. These mirrors 54 allow the top down viewing camera 20 of Fig. 1 to view the outer edges 44 of the board 14. Again, many boards 14 have connectors mounted at the edges 44, these mirrors 54 allow the system 10 to inspect those connectors to ensure they are free of conformal coating 12 that can impede the pins connectivity.
  • the board holder subsystem 28 defines an automated conveyor system that includes conveyable platform 29 configured to hold one or more PCBs 28 about one or more edges.
  • the conveyable platform 29 can seamlessly transport the PCBs 28 from one or more stations (not shown) prior to and/or subsequent to inspection thereof.
  • Pneumatically driven support pins (not shown) with magnetic bases may be alternatively, or optionally, provided to hold or assist in holding the PCBs 28.
  • the inspection program starts with having a "good board".
  • a good board is a board with a conformal coating that has been manually inspected to be free of defects.
  • the steps for set-up are as follows. First, arrange the support pins and the optional mirrors for the board holder sub-system, and then place the good board onto the support pins for viewing by the camera. Alternately, a good board held on the conveyable platform is situated for viewing by the camera. Next, start the application software and under the guidance of the software define the perimeters of the software.
  • Type A Areas where the coating must be found
  • Type B Areas where the coating must not be found
  • Type C Areas where the coating is irrelevant, i.e., may or may not be found.
  • the brightness threshold established during the learning process is utilized to determine if an area passes or fails the conformal coating inspection.
  • the brightness must be greater than the threshold; for type B or “keep out” areas, the brightness must be lower than the threshold; and for type C areas, no inspection needs to be performed and, thus, the threshold does not matter. In other words, the status for type C areas will always be "pass”.
  • the brightness value of the area is compared with the thresholds established during the learning process.
  • a pass or fail status can be assigned to each area of the board.
  • the operator has a chance to reevaluate all the areas that failed the inspection.
  • a defect report may be generated with a graphical map showing the area(s) that failed the inspection. Then, the operator can remove the board from the system, and place it in either a pass or fail bin. Finally, these steps are repeated for the next PCB.
  • an improved system 10 and method for inspection of conformal coatings 12 on printed circuit boards (PCB) 14 is provided that overcomes the drawbacks of current automated and manual inspection systems and processes.
  • the automated system and method of the present invention provides fast, reliable, consistent and repeatable inspection results.
  • the inspection process has good traceability. For example, the board's serial number, its inspection result, and the login information of the operator running the inspection may be desirably tracked. Also, human exposure to UV light and coating chemicals is minimized.

Abstract

L’invention concerne un système (10) et un procédé de contrôle automatisé des revêtements de protection (12) sur des circuits imprimés (PCB) (14) en utilisant un éclairage à ultraviolets. Lesdits revêtements de protection (12) comprennent un traceur qui devient fluorescent en présence de lumière UV. Le système automatisé (10) comprend un sous-système support de carte (28) conçu pour maintenir le PCB (14) et une source de lumière ultraviolette (UV) (16) qui dirige de la lumière UV sur le revêtement de protection (12) du PCB (14). Le système (10) comprend en plus un appareil photographique (20) muni d’un objectif (22) qui capture des images du PCB (14) éclairé. Le système (10) comprend également un groupe de transport (32, 34) qui déplace l’appareil photographique (20) et/ou le support de carte (28) pour faciliter le contrôle du PCB (14). L’appareil photographique (20) est conçu pour acheminer les images capturées à un ordinateur de traitement d’image (26) qui est associé à l’appareil photographique (20). L’ordinateur de traitement d’image (26) est configuré pour réaliser l’interface d’utilisateur avec le système (10) et pour interpréter l’image capturée afin de déterminer si le revêtement du PCB (14) est correct.
PCT/US2009/038541 2008-03-28 2009-03-27 Système de contrôle automatisé du revêtement de protection et procédés d’utilisation WO2009120951A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US4035208P 2008-03-28 2008-03-28
US61/040,352 2008-03-28

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WO2009120951A3 WO2009120951A3 (fr) 2010-01-07

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CN105021613A (zh) * 2014-04-24 2015-11-04 奥蒂玛光学科技（深圳）有限公司 电路板双面检测设备
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CN103969265A (zh) * 2014-03-26 2014-08-06 宋剑锋 一种紫外光在线路板检修站中的应用方法
CN105021613A (zh) * 2014-04-24 2015-11-04 奥蒂玛光学科技（深圳）有限公司 电路板双面检测设备
US10898388B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2021-01-26 Smith & Nephew Plc Reduced pressure apparatuses and methods
US11723809B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2023-08-15 Smith & Nephew Plc Wound treatment apparatuses and methods with negative pressure source integrated into wound dressing
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