WO2009115635A1 - Procédé de recyclage de sous-produits par reconstitution de graisses utiles dans l'alimentation animale - Google Patents

Procédé de recyclage de sous-produits par reconstitution de graisses utiles dans l'alimentation animale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009115635A1
WO2009115635A1 PCT/ES2009/070068 ES2009070068W WO2009115635A1 WO 2009115635 A1 WO2009115635 A1 WO 2009115635A1 ES 2009070068 W ES2009070068 W ES 2009070068W WO 2009115635 A1 WO2009115635 A1 WO 2009115635A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fatty acids
residual
fats
oleins
glycerol
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2009/070068
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Enrique De Pablos Pérez
Original Assignee
Norel, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norel, S.A. filed Critical Norel, S.A.
Publication of WO2009115635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009115635A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C31/00—Saturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C31/18—Polyhydroxylic acyclic alcohols
    • C07C31/22—Trihydroxylic alcohols, e.g. glycerol
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C31/00—Saturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C31/18—Polyhydroxylic acyclic alcohols
    • C07C31/22—Trihydroxylic alcohols, e.g. glycerol
    • C07C31/225—Glycerol
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
    • C11C3/02—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with glycerol
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
    • C11C3/02—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with glycerol
    • C11C3/025—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with glycerol with a stoechiometric excess of glycerol
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

  • the invention is attached to the technical sector of recycling by-products and their conversion into useful elements.
  • Recycled waste is by-products, on the one hand, from the refining of fats and / or vegetable and / or animal oils, in the form of fatty acids and oleins.
  • Another by-product necessary to carry out the process of the invention is glycerol or residual glycerol from biodiesel production.
  • the useful elements that are achieved after the recycling process of these wastes are reconstituted fats, useful as ingredients of nutritional compositions or feed, in the breeding of livestock and poultry.
  • Fats have a number of advantages, both nutritional and not strictly nutritional, which make their inclusion in feed convenient. Among the not strictly nutritional are: they control the formation of dust and improve the palatability, consumption, structure and appearance of the feed and also lubricate the machinery which allows to improve its performance and its useful life. From a nutritional point of view, fats have advantages such as: they allow to increase the energy concentration of the feed, reduce caloric stress and, due to their lower heat increase, improve energy efficiency per kcal of metabolizable energy.
  • the key criterion for assessing a fat is its net energy content. This value depends fundamentally on its raw energy content and its intestinal digestibility, which fundamentally depends on its ability to solubilize and form micelles in the intestine. Due to the peculiarities of the digestive system of ruminants (in which the supplementary fat affects the microorganisms of the rumen, which hydrogenate and saturate the fatty acids released in the rumen by hydrolysis of triglycerides), the absorption of fats is different in its case is that in the case of monogastrics, so that the assessment of the utility of the same fat for animal feed will be different as it will be applied for the feeding of ruminants or monogastrics.
  • the invention describes the recycling of free fatty acids and oleins as residual by-products from the refining of vegetable and / or animal fats. Its reaction with the residual glycerin or glycerol optionally, in turn, from the biodiesel production processes, gives rise to its reconstitution into triglycerides with the same or similar fatty acid contents of vegetable and / or animal fats or oils which was split in the refining process, which gives rise to residual fatty acids. So if we take residual fatty acids from palm oil, we will obtain mono, di and triglycerides of the same oil, as if we start with olive, sunflower, rapeseed, coconut, etc.
  • the present invention describes a productive process of vegetable or animal fats, from free fatty acids or residual oleins from fat refining processes. Residual free fatty acids will be converted into fats of the same starting fatty acids, that is, from palm oil refining, residual fatty acids from palm oil will be recycled, reconstituting palm oil, from an olein of residual fatty acids. from the sunflower refining we will obtain a sunflower oil and so on, with other fatty acids or oleins without being mixed beforehand to obtain mixed fats, although the invention also contemplates the previous mixture in which case the result would give the same proportion of fatty acids in fat, that the proportion thereof starting.
  • Olein is understood as the mixture of free fatty acids, triglycerides, water and impurities resulting from the fat refining process.
  • the major component is free fatty acid
  • the percentage of triglycerides is important (greater than 30%).
  • the free fatty acid component is markedly majority, compared to a marginal triglyceride composition of 0 to 3%.
  • fatty acids used as by-products for carrying out the present invention are: palm oil fatty acids PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Destilled), coconut oil, coprah, olive oil, oil oleins Sunflower oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil and oil refining of tallow, butter, etc.
  • PFAD Palm Fatty Acid Destilled
  • coconut oil coprah
  • olive oil oil oleins Sunflower oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil and oil refining of tallow, butter, etc.
  • the fatty acids that most commonly form part of the fats and oils to be recycled in the present invention are long chain fatty acids such as oleic, stearic, palmitic, myristic, lauric, linoleic and linolenic. Also appear shorter chain fatty acids such as: butyric, capric, caprylic and caproic.
  • the free fatty acid content of these by-products varies between 45% and 98%, with the rest of the by-product being triglycerides of the corresponding fat.
  • palm fatty acids have an approximate composition of:
  • the oleins of other vegetable oils have approximately:
  • the described invention consists in revaluating these by-products by converting them into reconstituted whole fats (triglycerides) without varying their original fatty acid composition.
  • Said residual fatty acids are reacted under specific conditions, with commercial or residual glycerol or glycerin, derived, in turn, from biodiesel production processes.
  • Such by-products can be received concentrated and purified. If they are not purified, it is preferable to carry out a purification prior to their addition to the reaction. In any case, they can also be used without purification, provided they have a percentage of water and impurities not exceeding 20%.
  • the reaction of fatty acids with glycerol is carried out in reactors with suitable stirring and at a temperature between 140 ° and 200 0 C, for a time ranging from 1 to 48 hours being able to apply lower temperatures and employing more time or temperature and less time , depending on the melting points of fatty acids or oleins.
  • the melting point of the PFAD ranges between 40-42 0 C.
  • the average range of 150 ° and 48 hours could be set for melting points of 40 ° to 42 °.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is to use a temperature between 170 ° and 19O 0 C, for 4 to 6 hours, with vacuum application (10-25, preferably 16 mmHg) and using as reaction catalysts, zeo litas and / or diatomaceous earth, in concentrations of each catalyst of up to 5%.
  • the reaction occurs with stirring (350-1000 rpm), preferably at 600 rpm.
  • the catalysts used can be found in the sepiolites of the manufacturers, for example: Tolsa, Sepiolsa, Zeocat, Foret, etc ...
  • One of the preferred zeo litas used is NaY, but natural zeo lita can also be used.
  • the optimum procedure is automatic, the preferred heating is heating with thermal oil, the addition of glycerol and the filling of the reactor with the raw material will preferably be automatic.
  • fatty acids or oleins that can be used are all those used in human or animal, agricultural or animal feed such as palm, coconut, palm kernel, soy, sunflower, rapeseed, corn, olive, linseed, butter, tallow, etc. .
  • a cooling of the reaction mass is carried out to be stored and transported.
  • the cooling time will be proportional to the melting temperature of the source fat.
  • the cooling step is carried out with a heat exchanger to take advantage of the energy that dissipates in it, this can be done by exchanging the hot product with the slightly higher melting temperature depending on the diffusion of fatty acids from departure.
  • the fats thus reconstituted, obtained by reconversion of the residual fatty acids are used in animal feed. For this and that they are commercially attractive it is necessary to reduce its residual acidity since this could mean the rejection of the clients or a strong reduction in its price.
  • the elimination of said acidity has been resolved by a process with calcium hydroxide, if necessary.
  • EXAMPLE 1 EFFECT OF LEVEL AND THE SOURCE OF FAT ADDED TO THE DIET ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CHICKENS FROM 1 TO 21 DAYS OF AGE
  • the binder or binder used is an inert clay material.
  • the zeolite used is NaY.
  • the acid used in the reaction is oleic and alcohol is glycerol (propane triol).
  • the stirring speed at which the reaction is carried out is 600 rpm.
  • the objective of this example is to determine the effect on the productive parameters of the inclusion of Reconstituted Crude Palm (PCR) in the feed of freshly weaned piglets as an alternative energy source to butter.
  • PCR Reconstituted Crude Palm
  • the animals were housed in a clean and disinfected ship provided with 6 boxes with 6 animals per box. Each box had individual feeders and troughs. The environmental control of the room was consistent with the temperature and ventilation needs of the animals.
  • the feed was administered in presentation flour in bags of 25 kg. All diets will be supplied ad libitum throughout the experience.
  • Treatment 2 I think Reconstituted Crude Palm. Each treatment was replicated 3 times, each replica being formed by 6 piglets at the start of the test. The distribution of the treatments was done by blocking the room effect, in order to avoid the effect of temperature differences, air currents, etc.
  • the data will be analyzed by the GLM procedure (General Linear Model: statistical procedure that compares two populations that differ in a few parameters) from SAS (statistical package that is used to analyze the results obtained from the test).
  • GLM procedure General Linear Model: statistical procedure that compares two populations that differ in a few parameters
  • SAS statistical package that is used to analyze the results obtained from the test.
  • the data obtained will be analyzed according to the type of replica and age.
  • the model includes the type of diet:
  • Yy The random to study variable, the variable statistically analyzed: weight gain, consumption, mortality and conversion rate. . ⁇ : Mean of the random variable to study.
  • treatment j Factor whose effect on the random variable is to be studied. In this case the inclusion of the reconstituted palm or the use of lard in the piglet feed.
  • the animals that received the feed that included the Reconstituted Raw Palm finished the test with greater weight than the animals that received the control food with Manteca as a source of fat.
  • ⁇ Variation Coefficient statistical parameter used to describe the homogeneity of the population studied.
  • the value F is one of the results of the GLM. Pr> F is the probability as much for one that a value cannot be said if it is from one group or another within the population. The smaller F is, the better the treatments are distinguished.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne le recyclage d'acides gras libres et/ou d'oléines comme sous-produits résiduels obtenus par raffinage de grasses végétales et/ou animales. Leur réaction avec de la glycérine ou du glycérol, éventuellement résiduel, obtenu, à leur tour, par des procédés de production de biodiesel, donnant lieu à leur reconstitution en triglycérides ou graisses à teneur égale ou similaire en acides gras par rapport aux graisses végétales et/ou animales que l'on divise dans le procédé de raffinage produisant les acides gras résiduels. Les graisses ainsi reconstituées, obtenues par reconversion des acides gras et/ou des oléines résiduelles s'utilisent dans l'alimentation animale, avec des rendements énergétiques similaires à ceux des graisses naturelles.
PCT/ES2009/070068 2008-03-19 2009-03-18 Procédé de recyclage de sous-produits par reconstitution de graisses utiles dans l'alimentation animale WO2009115635A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP200800815 2008-03-19
ES200800815A ES2325854B1 (es) 2008-03-19 2008-03-19 Procedimiento de reciclado de subproductos mediante reconstitucion de grasas utiles en alimentacion animal.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009115635A1 true WO2009115635A1 (fr) 2009-09-24

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PCT/ES2009/070068 WO2009115635A1 (fr) 2008-03-19 2009-03-18 Procédé de recyclage de sous-produits par reconstitution de graisses utiles dans l'alimentation animale

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AR (1) AR071004A1 (fr)
CL (1) CL2009000670A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2325854B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009115635A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB183897A (en) * 1921-04-04 1922-08-04 Ernst Zollinger Jenny Improvements in the process of converting organic acids into esters
WO2003050215A1 (fr) * 2001-12-13 2003-06-19 Jott Australia Pty Ltd Procede de production d'esters d'acides gras
US20040062847A1 (en) * 2000-08-08 2004-04-01 Shin Koike Oil/fat composition
ES2249995A1 (es) * 2004-09-22 2006-04-01 Norel, S.A. Procedimiento de produccion de jabones calcicos, sodicos o magnesicos de acidos grasos o de oleinas de grasas vegetales o animales y su uso como nutrientes en alimentacion de animales monogastricos.
WO2006085346A1 (fr) * 2005-02-14 2006-08-17 Fernando Cantini Melanges de glycerides d'acides gras c1-c22 destines a ameliorer les performances zootechniques et / ou la sante de l'intestin d'animaux

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB183897A (en) * 1921-04-04 1922-08-04 Ernst Zollinger Jenny Improvements in the process of converting organic acids into esters
US20040062847A1 (en) * 2000-08-08 2004-04-01 Shin Koike Oil/fat composition
WO2003050215A1 (fr) * 2001-12-13 2003-06-19 Jott Australia Pty Ltd Procede de production d'esters d'acides gras
ES2249995A1 (es) * 2004-09-22 2006-04-01 Norel, S.A. Procedimiento de produccion de jabones calcicos, sodicos o magnesicos de acidos grasos o de oleinas de grasas vegetales o animales y su uso como nutrientes en alimentacion de animales monogastricos.
WO2006085346A1 (fr) * 2005-02-14 2006-08-17 Fernando Cantini Melanges de glycerides d'acides gras c1-c22 destines a ameliorer les performances zootechniques et / ou la sante de l'intestin d'animaux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR071004A1 (es) 2010-05-19
ES2325854B1 (es) 2010-07-05
CL2009000670A1 (es) 2009-08-07
ES2325854A1 (es) 2009-09-21

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