WO2009106297A2

WO2009106297A2 - Concrete block finisher, having harmonic vibration by means of shape excitation

Info

Publication number: WO2009106297A2
Application number: PCT/EP2009/001317
Authority: WO
Inventors: Joerg-Henry Schwabe
Original assignee: Institut Fuer Fertigteiltechnik Und Fertigbau Weimar E.V.
Priority date: 2008-02-26
Filing date: 2009-02-25
Publication date: 2009-09-03
Also published as: EP2257415B1; DK2257415T3; DE102008011272A1; WO2009106297A3; EP2257415A2; PL2257415T3

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the shape-forming of mixtures, preferably of concrete mixtures, for the production of concrete blocks and concrete products by means of shape-forming and compaction under the action of harmonic oscillations, comprising a mold having a vibration frame (5) and a mold insert (4) for accommodating the mixture (17) to be compacted, a vibration system (11) engaging therein, vibration frame springs (6) for the oscillating support of the mold with the vibration system (11) attached thereto, a base board (7) for accommodating the products to be produced, a board lift assembly having board lifting cylinders (10) and a board stroke (8), board springs (9) for the feeding and movable support of the base plate (7) on the bottom of the mold during the vibration action, a load assembly having a load (2) for the shape-forming of the surface of the product to be produced, a load spring (3) for the movable support of the load (2) during the vibration action, and a load stroke for carrying out feeding and mold removal movements. The shape-forming component of the oscillating connection is the mold insert (4), which is configured as a separable assembly such that easy retrofitting is possible during a product changeover. The manufacture of the products is carried out on the base boards (7) known from prior art such that the device described can be integrated into known manufacturing devices.

Description

title

Concrete paver with harmonic vibration due to shape excitation

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a device for shaping mixtures, preferably of amounts of material for stone production by shaping and compression by the action of harmonic vibrations, comprising

• a mold assembly with vibration frame for receiving the mixture to be compacted, vibration frame spring for elastic mounting of the vibration frame and vibration system as vibration drive • a pallet assembly with base board for holding the products to be produced, board spring for vibration decoupling during vibration and Bretthubtisch for Zustellbewegungen during the production cycles

• a load-bearing subassembly for shaping the surface of the product to be produced, a suspension spring for the elastic bearing and a lifting stroke for the execution of delivery and disengaging movements.

State of the art

The industrial production of small-sized concrete products, in particular from mixtures in stiff to very stiff consistency takes place in the prior art by the two methods of shock vibration and harmonic vibration.

The technological process of shock vibration for the shaping and compression of mixtures, in particular concrete quantities in stiff to very stiff consistency, has been known for many years. In this method, devices are mostly used in industrial production, which generate shock-like vibrations for the compression of the concrete amount by the generation of shock processes between machine components and act on the mixture to be processed. Known devices use for vibration generation systems based on electric motor driven unbalanced shafts, such as in the article "Increasing product quality through efficient compaction" by Berthold Schlecht and Alexander Neubauer, published in the magazine "Betonwerk + Fertigteil-Technik", Issue 9/2000, Pp. 44 - 52, presented in detail. A detailed description of the prior art of the shock vibration method and the devices used therefor is contained in DE 20301954, which is incorporated herein by reference.

From the field of working with shock vibration block machines in the US market are molds with directly attached to the form immobrable organisms such. B. in DE 689 04 376 T2 and US 4,312,242 known. The mold housing in these molds includes supporting side arms that form a vibrating frame. Both elements form a unit that can not be separated from each other. At the bottom of this unit is closed by a liftable in the vertical direction pallet, which is releasably clamped to the lower end of the unit. Also in US 4,235,580 a working with shock vibration block machine is described. To avoid noise when exposed to the vibration pulses on a pallet carrier on rubber elements overlapping pallet is pressed by means of a force acting on the pallet carrier air spring against the mold.

The block machines mentioned, which are offered for example by the company Besser, Inc., however, are designed exclusively for shock vibration. Of the two mounted on the vibrating frame, counter-rotating imbalances - for example of the AFC SmartPac ^® type amplitudes between 50 kN and 70 kN are usually achieved per imbalance, for a harmonic vibration - for example, as described in DE 20301954 - are currently much higher Forces of about 600 kN necessary.

The advantage of the shock vibration with the very intense compaction effect are faced with a number of significant disadvantages. These consist in the extremely high load of the machine technology and the associated high machine wear and the operating costs, in the high environmental impact with vibrations, and in the extreme noise emission.

On the other hand, methods and devices for shaping and compacting mixtures, in particular concrete quantities in rigid to very stiff consistency by means of the harmonic vibration effect have recently been developed in order to reduce or avoid the disadvantages of shock vibration under at least the same conditions for product quality , If you do not want to miss the shock vibration, the absence of the acceleration peaks generated by the bounce impacts must be replaced by correspondingly higher forces in the harmonic vibration. The necessary total power is included about 600 kN. For reasons of space, a simple increase in the number of imbalances is not possible with existing, operating on the principle of shock vibration machines, so that new constructive solutions must be found, as described for example in DE 20301954, the disclosure of which is part of this application, expressly referred to here.

In the known technical solutions, the harmonic motion functions with the required acceleration amplitudes are generated by various technical methods. It can be assumed that the values of the accelerations in the exciter frequency must at least come to the order of magnitude of the accelerations in the excitation frequency with shock-like vibration action in order to achieve comparable compaction effects.

One known technical solution for shaping and compacting blends of stiff to very stiff consistency is the use of one or more hydraulically actuated servo cylinders to produce the required high forces in a harmonic time function. Hydraulic drive-based devices for concrete block production are described in the above-mentioned article by Schlecht and Neubauer and in the document WO 01/47698 A1.

Another technical solution for the shaping and compression of mixtures is the generation of harmonic vibrations by means of rotating unbalanced shafts. This principle is also used for the forced excitation of the vibrating table in the shock vibration process. However, in the case of the harmonic vibration method, the excitation forces must be significantly higher in comparison to the shock vibration method in order to achieve comparable acceleration amplitudes for the sufficient shaping and compression of the mixture.

A known solution for this process is described in DE 20301954. During vibration compacting with harmonic vibration, a stiff vibrating band consisting of the vibrating table, the base plate and the mold is temporarily produced by a form tension.

Another solution for the shaping and compression of mixtures by means of harmonic vibration, developed by G. Becker, is in the journal "Betonwerk + Fertigteil- Technik", issue 10/2007 "Performance enhancement and noise reduction with harmonic vibration", p. 22 - 27, described. On an elastically mounted vibrating table with the unbalanced vibrators attached to the underside are base plate and mold with the concrete contained in the mold chambers to be compacted. During the action of the harmonic vibrations are the mold and the backing board pressed with such force on the vibrating table, that during this time no relative movements between these components of the vibrating union can occur more. This force is applied by vertically movable spring assemblies, which press during the vibration effect on the mold and are positioned on the opposite side of the spring temporarily fixed to the frame. Due to their elastic properties, they ensure the oscillating movement of the vibration bandage. A load assembly pushes passively or actively with its own vibratory drives during the vibration action on the upper side of the concrete in the mold chambers amount.

All of the harmonic compressors described herein significantly reduce the above-described drawbacks of shock vibration equipment in terms of extremely high engine load, high environmental impact with vibration, and extreme noise emission. Despite the visible advantages of the described technical solutions for shaping and compression by means of harmonic vibration, these are also associated with significant disadvantages.

In the choice of a hydraulic drive medium is a major disadvantage. Especially servo hydraulics require an extreme purity of the oil, which can only be maintained with great effort in the environment of a concrete work. In addition, the energy requirement of a hydraulic-based device is much higher than in conventional electric motor-operated shock vibration devices because of the relatively poor efficiency. In addition, the cost of such a servo-hydraulic system are significantly higher than for an electric motor drive.

Another disadvantage is found in some of the solutions described that in addition to the mixture to be compacted other components must be moved, which have a high mass due to the structure. A mass analysis shows that significantly more steel construction than mixture to be compacted must be vibrated, which requires correspondingly large unbalanced shafts and reduces the efficiency.

Because of the necessary temporarily fixed connection of all components of the vibrating composite, consisting of vibrating table with vibration exciter system, base plate, shape and the mixture to be compacted a strain forming is required, which must apply very large forces to reliably prevent relative movements between the vibrating components. The large clamping forces require correspondingly complex and fixed bracing assemblies, which themselves also increase the oscillating mass and are subject to high wear. In the solution example of the manufacturing facility of G. Becker, the clamping forces to be applied here are also over a relatively large Power path passed through parts of the machine frame, which on the one hand requires a correspondingly load-friendly design and represents a high machine load.

Description of the invention

The object of the invention is, while maintaining the method of shaping and compaction of mixtures, preferably concrete quantities in rigid and very stiff consistency for the production of concrete products and paving stones by means of the harmonic vibration action to develop a manufacturing facility, which is characterized by a significant reduction in the loan moving masses and a simplification of the tension, in particular with regard to size of the clamping force.

This object is achieved by a device for shaping and compacting mixtures, preferably of concrete quantities in a stiff to very stiff consistency for the production of concrete blocks and concrete products with immediate shuttering and use of substantially harmonic vibrations, which (i) a replaceable (I) a vibration frame to which the mold insert is non-positively and / or positively connected, (iii) a vibration exciter system attached to the vibration frame, with which the vibrating frame displaces substantially harmonic vibration (iv) comprises a ballast assembly; and (v) a backing board which is pressed against the mold insert from below during vibration. The force required for this purpose is set so that in the state of vibration - ie during the vibration action -vibration frame, mold insert, and base plate form a temporary vibration bandage and perform essentially the same harmonic oscillatory movements. A temporary vibrating bandage is understood to mean that the said three components do not change their relative position relative to one another during the vibration. In this case, the vibrations preferably take place not only with the same amplitude but also with the same phase position.

On a clamping between the backing board and mold insert can be dispensed with. Similarly, the vibrating table otherwise used in all known solutions in the prior art for harmonic vibration is eliminated.

The inventive task of reducing the moving masses is achieved in that the temporary vibrating bandage is formed within the concrete block maker so that the force path between the source of exciter forces - the vibration exciter system - and the amount of concrete to be compacted in the mold insert is reduced to the shortest possible level, by the vibration exciter system acts directly on the mold insert via the vibration frame and initiates the excitation forces directly into the mold. This is eliminated the previously required and due to its rigid design very massive swinging table.

For the production of concrete blocks and concrete products in various dimensions of the mold insert is designed as a detachable from the vibrating frame component. Depending on the product to be manufactured, the respectively required mold insert is placed in the vibration frame and i. A. non-positively and / or positively connected thereto.

The oscillatory capability of the molded insert with the vibrating frame and the vibration exciter system attached to it is achieved by an elastic mounting on vibrating frame springs, via which the vibrating frame is connected elastically to a frame-fixed machine frame. The vibration frame springs thus simultaneously take over the vibration isolation with respect to the machine frame. The vibration frame can then oscillate freely with vibration excitation as part of the temporary vibration bandage - vibration frame, mold insert, and base board vibrations with the same amplitude and the same phase.

Down the mold and each mold element is closed by the known backing board, wherein in the inventive solution, the backing plate follows by a resilient contact with the mold bottom by means of spring elements of the oscillatory motion of the mold and ensures a secure closure of the mold chambers during the harmonic vibration.

In a preferred embodiment, the device therefore comprises a Bretthubbaugruppe, which comprises one or more Bretthubzylinder and a Bretthub, wherein the base board is elastically connected via board springs to the Bretthub, and wherein the backing board during vibration by a applied by the Bretthubzylinder such contact force the mold insert is pressed, (i) molding chambers are closed downwardly and relative movement between the mold insert and the backing board is precluded, and (ii) mold insert and backing board perform a synchronous movement while the board lifting assembly remains in a frame-fixed position.

In a further expedient embodiment, the Auflastgruppe comprises a ballast, a load cylinder and one or more Auflastfedern, wherein the Auflasthubzylinder frame fixed to a machine frame, wherein the ballast is elastically connected via the Auflastfedern with the frame-fixed part of the ballast assembly, and wherein the lift-up cylinder presses the load during the vibration with such a force on the surface of the mixture to be compacted that (i) no lifting of the load of the Surface of the batch takes place and (ii) the surcharge on the elastic attachment with the default springs follows the movements of the surface of the batch. Upwards, each mold chamber is then temporarily closed during the harmonic vibration by a respective load plate. All load plates are combined as an assembly and form the load group. It is pressed by a Auflasthubeinrichtung against the surface of the Betongemenges, wherein a moving part of the Auflastgruppe follows the movements of the mold with the concrete amount by an elastic coupling between the moving and frame-fixed part on Auflastfedern and thus ensures a closure of the mold chamber.

The attached to the vibration frame vibration exciter system is designed in mirror-symmetrical design to a vertical center plane formed by the vertical center of the mold and is dynamically preferably operated so that the mold is subjected to the compacted concrete amount with a directed vertical vibration. But horizontal vibration components are possible.

The inventive task of simplifying the bracing, in particular with regard to the size of the bracing force is achieved in that it is omitted in the previous function. Because of the direct application of force in the vibrating frame with mold insert a strain between unbalance exciter and mold insert, which opens and closes for the demoulding in the clock cycle, no longer required.

For the possibility of exchanging the mold insert during product changes, there are joints as an interface between the mold insert and the vibrating frame, through which the forces are to be conducted. However, these must be solved only when mold replacement and reconnected, which is performed by conventional screw and / or clamp connections. Suitable for this example, wedge-shaped clamping elements by which the mold insert is connected without play with the vibration frame.

The temporarily secure connection of the base plate with the mold during the harmonic vibration is achieved by a Bretthubeinrichtung Bretthubzylinder that moves the backing board from below against the mold insert. Because of the much smaller oscillating mass of the backing board including proportionate batch mass in relation to the moving masses in previous solutions from the prior art significantly smaller forces for the temporary installation of the base plate to the form are required to be applied by the Bretthubzylinder or , During harmonic vibration, the board springs ensure the movement of the backing board with the mold and its permanent abutment against the bottom of the mold. After completion of the molding and compression, the vibration is set to zero, which can be achieved by switching off or by power-free operation z. B. can be reached in a four-shaft arrangement. The shuttering is carried out by a synchronous movement of the Bretthubzylinders and Auflasthubzylinders down, the shape maintains its position.

In a simple embodiment of the invention, the vibration exciter system comprises a single-wave unbalance exciter, i. a pair of unbalance exciter shafts or torsionally coupled unbalanced vibration strands which are mirror-symmetrically installed on the vibrating frame with respect to the vertical center plane of the mold and operate in opposite directions with equal speed and mirror-symmetrical phase relation to the vertical center plane of the mold. In this mode of operation, vertically directed harmonic oscillations are excited. By a suitable design of the dynamic unbalance moments, the forces required to generate the favorable for the shaping and compression vibration effects are achieved.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the vibration exciter system comprises an unbalance exciter pair in a double-shaft arrangement or in a four-shaft arrangement, i. a pair of mirror symmetrically mounted and driven double or quadruple unbalance exciter shafts or torsionally coupled unbalanced vibration strands which both produce a directed harmonic vibration effect on the mold and in an advantageous further development as an imbalance exciter with coaxial waveguide misalignment an adjustment of the acting resultant exciter force amplitude during the Vibration action continuously between zero and a maximum by pairwise synchronous An the phase position between the corresponding unbalanced shafts allow. This feature allows, for example, a zero exciter power up the speed from zero to the operating speed, without Schwingwegüberhöhungen when passing through the rigid body natural frequencies. Furthermore, a continuous operation of this vibration exciter system is possible in which the resulting excitation force amplitude is set to zero during the clock change by a phase angle adjustment, without having to set the drive speed of the unbalanced shafts to zero. By dispensing with the ramp-up and ramp-down speed, short cycle times are possible. By changing the phase position in the operating frequency, the exciter force amplitudes determined as favorable for the compression can be set. A comparable functionality of the vibration excitation is achieved when using an adjustment excitation system according to DE 197 35 268.

A further embodiment of the invention consists in the application of a force-excited vibration drive via hydraulic, pneumatic or piezoelectric actuators, the vibration frame with mold insert as a single drive or in a mirror-symmetrical Move arrangement with respect to the vertical shape center plane in vertical harmonic oscillations. Because of the lower excitation forces in comparison to the harmonic vibration of the prior art, smaller components can be used here as units of purchase.

The Bretthubbaugruppe expediently performs a lifting movement, which is at least as large as the height of the finished compacted and deactivated product. Alternatively or additionally, also vibration frame and mold insert perform such a large stroke movement.

A further development of the invention also utilizes a vibration excitation on the base board. For this purpose, an auxiliary swinging table with an auxiliary vibration exciter system is mounted between the board lift and the base board. Through these two components additional vibrations are introduced into the mixture, which are coordinated with the vibration excitation on the vibration frame. For example, the mold insert and the board each have their own excitation system, which is necessary for their harmonic oscillatory movement. The excitation systems are coordinated via a controller. So only small forces between mold insert and base plate are exchanged.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the specified combinations but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will be explained in more detail by way of examples. In the accompanying figures, which also reveal features essential to the invention, shows

1 shows a schematic representation of the compression system,

FIG. 2 variants for vibration exciter systems on the vibration frame, FIG.

Fig.3 attachment of the mold insert in the vibration frame and

Fig.4 compression system with additional board excitation

Detailed description of the drawings

In Figure 1, the basic structure of a device for shaping of mixtures, in particular for the production of concrete blocks is shown. The device comprises a replaceable mold insert (4) for receiving the mixture to be compacted (17), a vibrating tion frame (5) to which the mold insert (4) is non-positively and / or positively connected, attached to the vibration frame (5) vibration exciter system with which the vibration frame (5) is placed in substantially harmonic vibration, a ballast assembly and a Underlay board (7), which is pressed during vibration from below to the mold insert (4), so that vibration frame (5), mold insert (4), and backing board (7) form a temporary vibration bandage and perform substantially the same swinging movements ,

In the vibration frame (5) of the mold insert (4) is inserted and connected to this play and releasably. The connection between the mold insert (4) and the vibrating frame (5) can only be released and restored if the product is changed and the mold insert changed.

On the vibration frame (5), the vibration exciter are generally mounted in a mirror-symmetrical arrangement to the mold center plane, in the simplest case an unbalance exciter pair in single-shaft arrangement (11) is sufficient. The vibration frame (5) is the component that transmits the vibrations from the vibration source - the vibration exciters - to the mold insert (4) with the mixture (17) to be compacted therein. Due to the vibration requirements, it ensures the rigidity of the vibration band, consisting of vibration frame (5) with vibration exciters attached to it, the mold insert (4) as well as the base (7) and load (2).

The vibration frame thus fulfills the same function as the vibration table and the mold frame of a technical solution according to the prior art. Due to the short force path and the compact design, the moving mass of the solution according to the invention is advantageously much lower in comparison to known solutions such as in DE 20301954. This is associated with a significant reduction of the excitation forces while achieving equal acceleration amplitudes for the shaping and compression of the batch ,

The backing board (7) is pressed after its transfer into the position shown with the Bretthubbaugruppe consisting of Bretthubzylinder (10), Bretthub (8) and board springs (9) against the vibration of the mold insert (4). The elastic connection between the backing board (7) and board stroke (8) via the board springs (9) together with a sufficient applied by the Bretthubzylindern (10) contact force ensures the mobility of the backing board (7) during the vibration without it from the mold insert (4 ) takes off. It follows during the vibration action of the movements of the mold insert (4) and closes the mold chambers down. The necessary contact forces for a permanent contact during vibration are essentially dependent on the mass of the underlay board (7) and the acceleration amplitudes on the underlay board (7). Assuming equal vibration effects, ie acceleration amplitudes on the backing board (7) and the mold insert (4) as an interface to be compacted mixture (17), a further advantage of the invention is that the necessary clamping forces between vibrational and shaping components - ie according to the invention between vibration frame (5) with mold insert (4), vibration exciter and underlay board (7) - because of the much lower mass of the backing board (7) compared to the known masses of components to be braced in the journal "Concrete Plant + Precast Technology 22, No. 27, pages 22 to 27, and DE 20301954. They can be produced without problems by the illustrated board lifting subassembly with the board lifting cylinders (10) The board springs (9) also have the same effect Function of the vibration isolation compared to the frame-fixed environment.

In the individual mold chambers of the mold insert (4), the mixture to be compacted (17) is filled before the start of vibration. Thereafter, the on-load assembly, consisting of lift-lift cylinder (1) and over-load (2), lowers until the load plates press on the mix surface. The preload springs (3) ensure the movement of the ballast (2) during the vibration and the vibration isolation to the machine frame.

During the demoulding, the vibrating frame (5) with mold insert (4) remains in its position, unlike the prior art, which is advantageous for vibration exciter and filling car. Due to the fixed position of the vibration frame (5) with mold insert (4) eliminates the Formhubeinrichtung from the prior art, which had to lift during the demoulding relatively high masses. The demoulding takes place in the solution according to the invention by the board stroke with smaller masses to be moved, with ballast movement and Bretthub proceed in a coordinated manner. If required, a decoupling by Formhub is still possible, in which case the backing board (7) can remain in its position.

Fig. 2 shows design variants of the vibration frame (5) with attached vibration exciters and mold insert (4). The vibration exciter system may consist of rotating unbalance systems, which are mounted in pairs on the sides and synchronized z. B. with the help of an electronic control. There are paired unbalanced wave systems - unbalance exciter pairs - conceivable with single shaft assembly (11), with double shaft assembly (12) and quadruple shaft assembly (13) and with adjustment imbalance in coaxial shaft assembly (14). The vibration generation can also be done by means of dynamically operating hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical or piezoelectric actuators (15). Fig. 3 shows an exemplary solution of the connection between the vibrating frame (5) and mold insert (4). This play-free connection can be done mechanically by means of screwing or by means of wedge-shaped clamping elements (16), such as a clamping plate, whereby hydraulic actuators can also be used.

Fig. 4 shows the device in a structurally extended embodiment. Between Bretthub (8) and base board (7) an auxiliary swing table (19) is shown. The auxiliary oscillating table (19) has an auxiliary vibration excitation system (20) which serves for the coordinated movement of the underlay board (7) relative to the movement of the vibrating frame (5) with mold insert (4). A control (21) both movements are coordinated so that the backing board (7) during the vibration always on the bottom of the mold insert (4) is applied and at the same time the required pressure forces are minimized.

Due to the direct connection of the vibration exciter with the vibration frame (5) and the mold insert (4) inserted and fixed therein, a shortest possible path between the vibration excitation source and the concrete quantity to be compacted (17) in the mold insert (4) is considered, with sufficient bending stiffness and the possibility of the mold insert change achieved at product change. This is associated with a significant reduction of the moving masses. The lower masses which are to be put into vibration have the consequence that with the same values of the motion variables to be achieved for sufficient shaping and compression, lower excitation forces are required, which increases the efficiency of the device.

The technical solution of the tension was made much easier due to the lower clamping forces required.

With the overall lower moving masses and the significantly lower Verspannkräf- th shorter cycle times can be achieved because, for example, smaller sizes with lower displacement are applicable for hydraulic actuators that pass through the travel paths faster at the same hydraulic volume flow.

The advantages of the noise reduction in the application of harmonic vibration have already become known in the solutions described in the prior art. With the solution according to the invention, a further reduction is possible, because with the reduction of the moving masses also reduces the effective radiation surface for the noise. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 lift-up cylinder

2 surcharge

3 load spring

4 mold insert

5 vibration frame

10 6 Vibration frame spring

7 underlay board

8 boardhub

9 board spring

10 board lifting cylinders

15 11 unbalance exciter pair in single shaft arrangement

12 unbalance exciter pair in double shaft arrangement

13 unbalance exciter pair in four-shaft arrangement

14 unbalance exciter pair with adjustment imbalance in coaxial

shaft assembly

20 15 actuator

16 clamping element

17 to be compacted mixture

18 machine frame

19 auxiliary swinging table

25 20 auxiliary vibration exciter system

21 control

30

Claims

claims

1. A device for shaping and compacting mixtures, preferably of concrete quantities in a stiff to very stiff consistency for the production of concrete blocks and concrete products with immediate shuttering and use of substantially harmonic vibrations, comprising a replaceable mold insert (4) containing the mixture to be compacted (17), a vibration frame (5) to which the mold insert (4) is non-positively and / or positively connected, attached to the vibration frame (5) vibration exciter system, with which the vibration frame (5) in substantially harmonic Vibration is added, - a Auflastbaugruppe and a backing board (7) which is pressed during vibration from below to the mold insert (4), wherein in the state of vibration vibration frame (5), mold insert (4), and backing board (7) a form a temporary vibration bandage and perform essentially the same, harmonious swinging movements.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration frame (5) via a vibration frame spring (6) is elastically connected to a gestelifesten machine frame (18) and can vibrate freely in vibration excitation as part of the temporary vibration association.

3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, comprising a Bretthubbaugruppe, which comprises one or more Bretthubzylinder (10) and a Bretthub (8), wherein the base board (7) via board springs (9) elastically connected to the Bretthub (8) is, and wherein the backing board (7) is pressed during vibration by an applied by the Bretthubzylin- the force applied to the mold insert (4) that (i) im

Form (4) existing mold chambers are closed down and a relative movement between the mold insert (4) and the backing board (7) is excluded, and (ii) mold insert (4) and backing board (7) perform a synchronous movement, while the Bretthubbaugruppe in a frame-fixed Position remains.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the load group comprises a load (2), a load cylinder (1) and one or more Auflastfedern (3), wherein the Auflasthubzylinder (1) fixed to a frame connected to a machine frame (18) is, wherein the load (2) elastically on the Auflastfedern (3) with the frame-fixed part of the Aufaufsprung load assembly (2) is pressed, and wherein the Auflastthubzylinder (1) presses the ballast (2) during vibration with such a force on the surface of the mixture to be compacted (17) that (i) no lifting of the ballast (2) from the surface of Gemenges (17) takes place and (ii) the load (2) via the elastic attachment with the load springs (3) follows the movements of the surface of the batch (17).

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mold insert (4) by wedge-shaped clamping elements (16) without play with the vibration frame (5) is connected.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the vibration exciter system comprises a unbalance exciter pair in single shaft arrangement (11) having two unbalanced vibration exciter or torsionally coupled unbalanced vibration strands whose axes of rotation are parallel to each other and in opposite directions with the same speed and mirror-symmetrical phase position Turn the vertical center plane of the mold.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the vibration exciter system comprises an imbalance exciter pair in a double-shaft arrangement (12) or an imbalance exciter pair in four-shaft arrangement (13), which four or eight

Unbalance vibration exciter or torsionally coupled unbalanced vibration strands has- whose axes of rotation are parallel to each other and the pairs rotate in opposite directions with the same speed and mirror-symmetrical phase relation with respect to the vertical center plane of the mold.

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the vibration exciter system comprises an unbalance exciter pair with Verstellunwucht in coaxial shaft assembly (14) having two, four or eight unbalance vibration exciter or torsionally coupled unbalanced vibration strands whose axes of rotation are parallel to each other IeI and the opposite at the same speed and mirror-symmetrical

Rotate phase position with respect to the vertical center plane of the mold, wherein each shaft axis 2 to each other with an angle between 0 ° and 180 ° about the common axis of rotation rotatable imbalances are each arranged with their own drive motor to each other so that their center of gravity lie in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation lies.

9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the vibration exciter system as a vibration exciter comprises one or more hydraulic, pneumatic, electric or piezoelectric actuators, which on one side are mounted fixed to the frame and connected to the vibrating frame (5) on the second side and cause it to vibrate.

10. Device according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the board lifting assembly executes a lifting movement, which is at least as great as the height of the finished compacted and decoupled product from the path.

11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the vibration frame (5) and mold insert (4) perform a lifting movement whose path is at least as large as the height of the finished compacted and decoupled product.

12. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that between Bretthub (8) and backing board (7) an auxiliary vibrating table (19) with a Hilfsvibrationserregersystem (20) is mounted, introduced via which additional vibrations in the mixture (17) be coordinated with the vibration excitation on the vibration frame (5) by means of a controller (21).

, 1 " -