Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
  • B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
  • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B21/08—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
  • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J151/00—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09J151/06—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
  • B32B2307/308—Heat stability
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
  • B32B2307/548—Creep
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
  • B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2479/00—Furniture
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
  • C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
  • Y10T428/24066—Wood grain

Definitions

• the invention relates to a post formable plywood product as defined in the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for manufacturing a post formable plywood product as defined in the preamble of claim 11.
• Wood boards meant here are, for example, plywood, particle boards and hard and medium hard fiber boards.
• the ideal condition to avoid blow-out is to keep the moisture content of the veneers ⁇ 3 % or and keep the pressure applied until the temperature of the polymer is below its crystalline temperature. This is possible by following the hot-press with a cold press or using a continuous hot-cold press. Also known is to use maleated polyethylene
• MAPP maleated polypropylene
• EP 0782917 is the preparation of a coated board with extruded films.
• the film comprises in one embodiment maleic anhydride grafted ethyl-vinyl acetate co-polymer (MA-g-EVA) . No treatment, e.g. no activation, of the film during film manufacture is employed.
• the objective of the invention is to disclose a new type of plywood and a method for manufacturing plywood.
• the invention aims to solve coating and gluing the veneers of the plywood with a complete new and very simple way.
• a post formable plywood product and a manufacturing method according to the invention are characterized by what is presented in the claims.
• the invention is based on a post formable plywood product.
• the post formable plywood product is formed so that the veneers of the plywood are joined together.
• the veneers are bound together by self-adhesive material formed of polyolefin film, and polyolefin film contains reactive groups with -OH groups of the wood for forming covalent bonds between the veneer and polyolefin film.
• Polyolefin film is a self-adhesive by means of the reactive groups.
• the invention is based on a method for manufacturing a post formable plywood product, in which the veneers of the post formable plywood product are joined and pressed together by glue material and heat.
• the glue material is a self-adhesive material formed of polyolefin film containing reactive groups with -OH groups of the wood for forming covalent bonds between the veneer and polyolefin film, and the self-adhesive material is attached between veneers for gluing the veneers together and heated so that polyolefin film becomes adhesive and reactive with the -OH groups of the veneers for forming covalent bonds between the veneer and polyolefin film.
• a post formable plywood product refers to any preform or final plywood product, or the like, formed of a number of veneers and principally of wood-based materials, in which the veneers are laid one upon the other and glued together.
• a veneer refers to any layer of material, typically a thin layer of material.
• a post formable plywood product according to the invention can comprise veneer layers of different thickness. The thicknesses of the veneer layers can vary. The veneer layers can be arranged in the desired position, i.e. crosswise or lengthwise in the desired order.
• the invention is specifically based on the post formed plywood which can be shaped by reheating.
• the post formed plywood based on the use of the self- adhesive material which is grafted by reactive groups, e.g. maleic anhydride groups, which react and form covalent bonds with -OH groups in other material e.g. natural products like wood or wood derivative products .
• the polyolefin film comprises at least two layers which are the first and second layer, and at least the first layer is a self-adhesive layer so that it contains reactive groups with -OH groups of the wood.
• the polyolefin film comprises at least three layers and the outer layers of the film are self-adhesive layers so that they contain reactive groups with -OH groups of the wood.
• At least one additive layer is arranged between the first and second layers.
• the film can comprises more than one additive layers e.g. 2 - 10 additive layers.
• the additive layer can contain functional additive.
• the additive layer can contain, for example, fire retardants, UV-stabilisers and fillers.
• the polyolefin film is at least partially cross-linked.
• the second layer is at least partially cross-linked.
• the first layer is at least partially cross-linked.
• the polyolefin film is cross-linked by a method selected from group: silane moisture method, electron beam (EB) radiation, vinyl-silane hydrolysis and their combinations.
• the cross-linking can be made during the film preparation or before the film is pressed on veneer of the plywood. Alternatively the cross-linking can be made during or after the manufacturing of the preform or final plywood at the temperature of less than melting point of the polyolefin.
• polyolefin is selected from group: polyethylene, polypropylene and their combinations.
• the polyolefin film or each layer can include additives and fillers.
• the polyolefin film and/or the film layers can be made from petrochemical and renewable feedstock materials.
• bioplastic material can be used.
• bio-based polymers can be used.
• the bio-based polymers have processing temperature over 180 0 C or over 190 0 C.
• all film layers are substantially formed of the same material.
• at least one film layer is formed of a different material than the other films layers.
• Compatibilisers can be added to the film in order to adhere the dissimilar polymers to each other.
• the reactive groups of the polyolefin film is activated at temperatures of more than 180 °C, in one embodiment at temperatures of more than 190 °C, during the manufacturing of the polyolefin film.
• the sufficient time for activation is about 0.5 - 3 minutes, in one embodiment about 2 - 3 minutes. Then the film formed contains activated functional groups capable of forming the maximum number of covalent bonds with wood.
• a polyolefin film has a melt index which is ⁇ 4 g/10 min (measured 190 °C/2.16 kg) . Then the polyolefin film is able to keep film forming properties at temperatures of more than 180 0 C or at temperatures of more than 190 0 C.
• the polyolefin film contains maleated polyolefin which contains maleic anhydride reactive groups.
• the film layer contains polyethylene (PE) , polypropylene (PP) , maleic anhydride polyethylene (MAPE) , maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) or derivates thereof or their combinations.
• PE polyethylene
• PP polypropylene
• MAE maleic anhydride polyethylene
• MAPP maleic anhydride polypropylene
• at least one film layer contains maleic anhydride polyolefin.
• the outer film layers contain maleic anhydride polyolefin.
• the polyolefin films can be adhered directly to the wood when the film is maleated on both side and especially when the maleated layer is treated so that its temperature during manufacturing has been over 180 0 C or over 190 0 C, so that maleic acid is converted to maleic anhydride.
• Maleic anhydride is very reactive with wood, forming a covalent bond with celluloses -OH groups. Without this activation, normal maleated film forms predominantly hydrogen bonds, which are much weaker than covalent chemical bonds. So the polyolefin film can be bonded directly to wood surface without any priming and joining layers.
• the self-adhesive material and the veneers are joined together by means of the maleic anhydride polyolefin.
• the maleic anhydride polyolefin forms chemical and mechanical bonds between the polyolefin film and the veneer of the plywood.
• the film or the film layer which includes maleated polyolefin also contains polymer e.g. polyethylene or polypropylene.
• the film layer including maleated polyolefin essentially consists of MAPE+PE or MAPP+PP.
• maleated polyolefin contains maleic acid 0.3 - 15 % by weight of the maleated polyolefin, in one embodiment 1 - 5 % by weight of the maleated polyolefin.
• the film layer is maleated to the desired degree in order to improve friction and wetting properties of the self-adhesive material.
• the polyolefin film contains iso-cyanate grafted polyolefin which contains reactive groups .
• the polyolefin film or layer of the film is grafted with alkoxysilane containing reactive functional groups with the polyolefin.
• the thickness of the polyolefin film may vary depending on the properties of the film materials and the application of the plywood. In one embodiment of the invention the polyolefin film has thickness between 50 - 350 ⁇ m .
• the self-adhesive material can be prepared by using apparatuses and methods known per se, e.g. by extrusion or by co-extrusion.
• the plywood can be made by using apparatuses and methods known per se. Laying the veneers one upon the other, joining them together and other typical steps in making the plywood can be performed in any manner known per se in the art.
• the self-adhesive material is arranged between the veneers of the plywood by using the hot pressing technique, extruder technique, film technique, roll application technique, cylinder application technique, coat and multi-layer coat application technique, all known per se, their combinations or a corresponding technique.
• the veneers can be joined together e.g. using the hot pressing technique and/or high frequency technique.
• the self- adhesive material is attached onto the veneers of the plywood by hot-pressing at temperatures of 120 - 170 0 C.
• a benefit of one embodiment of this invention is that temperatures of only 120 - 140 0 C are needed to fix the film onto the veneer surface.
• the hot-pressing conditions like temperature, pressure and time, depend on the wood type, e.g. spruce or birch, and polymer melting temperature. It is important in order to induce plastic melt flow that the hot-pressing temperature is set to a temperature 20 - 50 0 C above the melting temperature of the polymer. In one embodiment pressing time is 2 to 12 minutes depending on the thickness of the post formable plywood product.
• the polyolefin film is heated by high frequency heating in which parameters are 2 - 8 minutes and 12 - 14 MHz.
• the post formable plywood product is post-formed.
• post-forming is made at the temperature of more than melting point of the polyolefin.
• the plywood can be reheated in an oven or microwave. Pressure is not required during the reheating but it is desired that the plywood is formed under pressure and cooled in order not to damage the bonds formed during the initial hot-pressing.
• the method comprises two stages, at the first stage a post formable plywood product is formed and at the second stage a final plywood product is formed by post- forming the preformed post formable plywood product.
• the self-adhesive material can be arranged onto the post formable plywood product as a coating.
• a catalyst is used in film manufacturing.
• the catalyst increases the frequency of the covalent bonds formed between coupling agent, e.g. maleic anhydride, and wood.
• coupling agent e.g. maleic anhydride
• wood e.g., wood
• Catalyst known to create such bonds and preferred is zinc anhydride.
• the catalyst is hydrated zinc acetate.
• the catalyst cannot be extruded in the same layer as the coupling agent, e.g. maleic anhydride, because it will open the maleic anhydride cyclic ring. Therefore, the catalyst can be applied to the films after extrusion and activated by heat during hot-pressing or applied directly to the wood.
• Alternatives are to extrude films of varying thickness (0,05 - 0.1 mm) such that one film contains catalyst in the outer layers and another the activated coupling agent such that the films are then during hot-pressing melt blended and reaction with the wood.
• the invention provides post formable plywood product.
• the plywood can be shaped by reheating.
• the adhesion between the veneers of the plywood is excellent by self-adhesive material.
• the plywood product of the current invention differs from the prior art in that the self-adhesive films form a bond that is as strong as wood itself. Also unlike with traditional plywood the invention presented here requires a post press rather than a pre-press. In addition to this since thermoplastics are used it is also possible to re-heat the plywood and form it into shape. The invention allows for both flat and curved plywood to be possible in the same panel. In addition to this the thermoplastic adhesive film reduces the overall moisture up-take of the plywood such that it is more dimensionally stable than standard plywood. The moisture up-take is 50% less than standard plywood which is on the same level as heat treated plywood but with no loss in mechanical properties .
• the plywood in accordance with the invention are suitable for various applications.
• the plywood can be used for applications where good formable is needed, e.g. kitchens and furniture, transport applications and formwork.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the chemical reactions
• Fig. 2 shows a self-adhesive material structure according to the invention.
• Figure 1 discloses a schematic diagram of the chemical reactions in the manufacturing the self- adhesive material and the plywood.
• First is selection of the raw materials. Then is the conversion of the maleated material from maleic acid to maleic anhydride. The self-adhesive film is made it needs to be attached to the plywood where the active maleic anhydride groups react with the hydroxide groups of the wood in veneers (4) of the plywood.
• Figure 2 discloses a self-adhesive material structure of the invention.
• the self-adhesive material is formed of a film which comprises three layers: first (1), second
• the first layer is a bottom layer (1)
• second layer is a top layer (2)
• additive layer (3) is arranged between the first (1) and second (2) layers.
• the top (2) and bottom (1) film layers (2) are formed of polyolefin, e.g. polyethylene or polypropylene, and maleated polyolefin, e.g. maleic anhydride polyethylene (MAPE) or maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) .
• polyolefin e.g. polyethylene or polypropylene
• maleated polyolefin e.g. maleic anhydride polyethylene (MAPE) or maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) .
• the additive layer (3) is sandwiched between the top layer (2) and the bottom layer (1) .
• the additive layer is formed of cross-linkable polyethylene or polypropylene including additives, like fire retardants, biocides and UV-stabilisers, and fillers .
• the self-adhesive material and the plywood used in the tests can be prepared following.
• the three-layer self-adhesive film is prepared of polyolefin, maleated polyolefin and additives and fillers by co-extruding.
• Maleated polyolefin contains maleic acid which is converted maleic anhydride at temperatures of more than 190 0 C during the manufacturing of the film.
• the desired film layer can be cross-linked by electron beam radiation at this stage.
• the layers of the film are joined together for forming the film.
• the formed film is cut to size and is arranged between the veneers of the plywood.
• the veneers are bound together by hot pressing, cold pressing and/or high frequency pressing.
• the hot pressing is made at temperatures of about 120 - 170 0 C, at pressure of about 1.2 - 1.9 N/mm 2 and by time of 2 - 12 minutes.
• the cold pressing can follow the hot pressing.
• the cold pressing is made until the temperature falls below 80 - 100 0 C, at pressure of about 1.2 - 1.9 N/mm 2 and by time of 0.5 - 7 minutes.
• the high frequency pressing is made by frequency of 12 - 14 MHz and time of about 2 - 8 minutes.
• the self- adhesive material can be cross-linked by radiation or silane-moisture method at this stage.
• the post formable plywood product formed can be reheated and moulded into shape.
• the maleated polyolefin contains normally 2 - 15 % maleic acid of the amount of polyolefin. At extrusion at temperatures of more 180 0 C the maleic acid is converted to maleic anhydride, partially or totally.
• the polymer film can also be cross-linkable if it in any case improves the use of the products.
• the films can be cross-linked (both silane and radiation versions) before hot pressing between the veneers but it is quite possible in the case of radiation treatment this could result in the whole film being cross-linked and not just the surface. If the whole film is cross-linked this will result in problems in hot-pressing the films to the veneers.
• Cross-linking by silane or E-Beam radiation is possible after making the plywood but again in the case of E-beam radiation care needs to be taken as it is possible the wood can be damaged.
• the 11-ply post formable plywood was prepared of birch veneers and the self-adhesive material used as glue.
• the veneers and the self adhesive material are joined together by hot-pressing. Veneer thickness was 1.5 mm. Hot-pressing conditions were 140 0 C, 1.7 N/mm 2 and 0.2 N/mm 2 for 760 seconds. Higher pressure was applied for 540 seconds. Cold pressing conditions were 300 seconds at 1.7 N/mm 2 .
• the self-adhesive film material comprises three layers: 2%MAPE+PE /PE/ PE+2%MAPE. Its thickness was 0.27 mm. The film was arranged between each veneer .
• the 11-ply post formable plywood was prepared of spruce veneers and the self-adhesive material used as glue.
• the veneers and the self adhesive material are joined together by hot-pressing. Veneer thickness was 1.5 mm. Hot-pressing conditions were 140 0 C, 1.2 N/mm 2 and 0.2 N/mm 2 for 760 seconds. Higher pressure was applied for 540 seconds. Cold pressing conditions were 300 seconds at 1.2 N/mm 2 .
• the self-adhesive film material comprises three layers: 2%MAPE+PE /PE/ PE+2%MAPE. Its thickness was 0.27 mm. The film was arranged between each veneer .
• Example 3 The 11-ply post formable plywood was prepared of birch veneers and the self-adhesive material used as glue. The veneers and the self adhesive material are joined together by high frequency pressing. Veneer thickness was 1.5 mm. High frequency pressing conditions were 13.56 MHz (power 9 kW) for 8 minutes.
• the self-adhesive film material comprises three layers: 2%MAPE+PE /PE/ PE+2%MAPE. Its thickness was 0.27 mm. The film was arranged between each veneer .
• a post formable plywood product according to the invention is suitable in its different embodiments for different types of applications.
• the embodiments of the invention are not limited to the examples presented rather many variations are possible within the scope of the accompanying claims .

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

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Citations (6)

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• 2009
  • 2009-02-18 BR BRPI0907799-5A patent/BRPI0907799A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-02-18 EP EP09713581.8A patent/EP2250018B1/en active Active
  • 2009-02-18 EP EP10193576A patent/EP2305459A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-02-18 WO PCT/FI2009/050131 patent/WO2009103848A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2009-02-18 RU RU2010134494/04A patent/RU2482966C2/ru active
  • 2009-02-18 PL PL09713581T patent/PL2250018T3/pl unknown
  • 2009-02-18 US US12/918,302 patent/US20110091683A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-02-18 ES ES09713581.8T patent/ES2662518T3/es active Active
  • 2009-02-18 DK DK09713581.8T patent/DK2250018T3/en active
  • 2009-02-18 KR KR1020107020757A patent/KR20100127230A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-02-18 CN CN2009801055441A patent/CN101945760A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-02-18 JP JP2010547207A patent/JP2011514852A/ja not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-02-18 TR TR2018/02507T patent/TR201802507T4/tr unknown
  • 2009-02-18 EP EP10193571A patent/EP2298548A1/en not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (6)

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