WO2009103247A1 - 多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器及其制备方法 - Google Patents

多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009103247A1
WO2009103247A1 PCT/CN2009/070507 CN2009070507W WO2009103247A1 WO 2009103247 A1 WO2009103247 A1 WO 2009103247A1 CN 2009070507 W CN2009070507 W CN 2009070507W WO 2009103247 A1 WO2009103247 A1 WO 2009103247A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
magnetic
annular
plate
coils
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/070507
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2009103247A8 (zh
Inventor
张凡
Original Assignee
Zhang Fan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CNU2008202122770U external-priority patent/CN201274572Y/zh
Priority to KR1020117022180A priority Critical patent/KR101265824B1/ko
Priority to US13/265,876 priority patent/US9277325B2/en
Priority to SG2011075892A priority patent/SG175737A1/en
Priority to CA2759458A priority patent/CA2759458A1/en
Priority to CN200980102868.XA priority patent/CN101971645B/zh
Application filed by Zhang Fan filed Critical Zhang Fan
Priority to PCT/CN2009/070507 priority patent/WO2009103247A1/zh
Priority to EA201101226A priority patent/EA023690B1/ru
Priority to AU2009217136A priority patent/AU2009217136B2/en
Priority to EP09712835.9A priority patent/EP2400784A4/en
Publication of WO2009103247A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009103247A1/zh
Priority to ZA2011/06935A priority patent/ZA201106935B/en
Publication of WO2009103247A8 publication Critical patent/WO2009103247A8/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02Details
    • H04R9/025Magnetic circuit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02Details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02Details
    • H04R9/04Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/046Construction
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06Loudspeakers
    • H04R9/063Loudspeakers using a plurality of acoustic drivers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/041Voice coil arrangements comprising more than one voice coil unit on the same bobbin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transducer, and more particularly to a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer, which belongs to the field of electrical electroacoustic transducers and electromechanical transducers. Background technique
  • speaker the world's first dynamic speaker (hereinafter referred to as speaker) patented invention since, in addition to the United States HARMAN's patents US5849760, CN951010204 Japan ALPINE's patents, In addition to the inventive patents of CN99114781.2, CN00122197.3, US6795564 and TW88109796, almost all commercially produced speakers have only one magnetic gap and one coil. When this coil is connected to the audio signal current, an electric force F is generated according to the Fleming left-hand rule under the interaction of the magnetic gap magnetic field, and the coil and the diaphragm are pushed to reciprocate the piston movement, and the speaker is vibrated by the air. Sounds.
  • the prior art is unable or unwilling to increase the sensitivity of the speaker, i.e., the electro-acoustic conversion efficiency, so as to avoid severe distortion caused by the tricky back electromotive force. Even the back EMF of a professional speaker operating under high power and large dynamic signals will break down the final stage power amplifier tube of the power amplifier.
  • the electroacoustic conversion efficiency of a 2-inch speaker is usually 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 0.10%, which means: When this speaker inputs 5W audio power, only 0.005W of energy is converted into the required sound energy, the remaining 4.99W They have become ineffective and harmful heat and are wasted. At this time, the efficiency of a 2-inch speaker is approximately 1/70 ⁇ 1/80 of the efficiency of an incandescent lamp.
  • a large-diameter 15-inch professional speaker with a typical SPL of 98dB/lW/lm has an efficiency of 3.89 % and is less than 1/2 of the incandescent efficiency.
  • Modern society has tens of billions of loudspeakers, which work almost 100% in ultra-low efficiency conditions (with the exception of "speakers" in the field of thermoacoustic refrigeration), which waste a lot of energy in human society and dramatically increase carbon dioxide. Emissions.
  • a third drawback of a transducer having a magnetic gap and a coil is: due to the T-iron structure of the magnetic circuit, the narrow magnetic gap has a closed back cavity at the bottom, when the coil moves in a reciprocating piston in the magnetic gap, The air accumulated in the rear cavity generates airbag damping to the coil, thereby deteriorating the transient response of the speaker, increasing the distortion of the speaker, and reducing the resolution during the electro-acoustic reduction process.
  • the magnetic flux of the magnetic lines of force has reached supersaturation and has not been fully utilized, resulting in further waste of magnetic energy.
  • the fourth major drawback of a transducer with a magnetic gap and a coil is:
  • the speaker has an inductance, and its impedance value is a function of the operating frequency of the audio current: The lower the frequency, the lower the impedance, and the higher the frequency, the higher the impedance. That is to say, for each conventional speaker, the high-frequency current RMS flowing through its coil is much smaller than the low-frequency current. Therefore, the sound pressure generated by this speaker in the high-frequency section is significantly lower than that of the bass band.
  • the vibration quality of the system is light and can be compensated by technical means.
  • the Fo is necessarily high, and it is difficult for the speaker to obtain a satisfactory low audio effect.
  • Fo will tend to the bass band due to the increased aperture, which improves the low-audio electro-acoustic reproduction quality of the speaker.
  • the quality of the vibration system also increases synchronously, and the output sound pressure of the speaker in the high-frequency section will greatly drop in the frequency band above 5-10 KHz.
  • the PCT/GB00/01484 (CN1347628A) patent application of NXT Corporation of the United Kingdom also discloses a driver for a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer, which is disadvantageous in that the patent application is not fully disclosed to constitute a multi-magnetic gap.
  • the overall technical solution of the coil driver also, the scope of the claims of the CN2333135Y patent, the inventor's CN97205593.2 patent, and the PCT/CN98/00306 (WO99/31931), and the CN1219834A patent application.
  • the method and conclusion of the patent application using the Welsby formula to calculate the inductance of a loudspeaker coil with a permanent magnet and a core loop cannot be established.
  • the patent application does not provide sufficient disclosure and description of how to eliminate the back electromotive force of the transducer.
  • the asymmetry of the magnetic circuit is inevitably increased, thereby increasing the distortion of the transducer. .
  • a first object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a plurality of multi-magnetic gap multi-coil internal magnetic transducers having a simple structure, high sensitivity, high resolution and high fidelity, utilizing transduction
  • the two sets of symmetrical magnetic circuits and symmetrical coil circuits of the device itself eliminate the inductance and back electromotive force of the transducer coil.
  • a second object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a method for preparing a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer in mass production.
  • a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer comprising a magnetic circuit and a frame coupled thereto, at least two coaxial annular magnetic gaps and a coil bobbin inserted into the annular magnetic gap, which are wound in parallel with each other
  • the insulated electromagnetic wire constitutes at least two coils
  • the diaphragm or the planar sounding board which is coupled with the coil bobbin and the elastic damper plate, drives the diaphragm or the plane sounding board to vibrate in the air through the reciprocating motion of the bobbin skeleton, or passes through
  • the diaphragm detects a change in sound pressure of the sound and induces an acoustic voltage signal in the coil
  • the frame is a frame made of a non-magnetic material
  • the axial portion of the frame is provided with at least two circular axes.
  • the magnetic circuit has two coaxially mounted upper and lower plates, and one or more equal thickness uniform axially magnetized permanent magnets are clamped on the upper and lower plates
  • a bracket made of a non-magnetic material has an inner convex circular platform, the circle platform a smooth and tidy vertical outer circular surface, the outer side of the vertical outer circular surface is provided with an annular groove, and the groove bottom of the annular groove is provided with two or more through holes uniformly arranged, the outer side of the annular groove Forming an annular thin wall of the bracket, the corresponding axial height of the inner peripheral surface of the annular thin wall or the top end portion thereof is provided with a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface, and the corresponding inner circumferential surface or outer circumferential surface of the annular thin wall a smooth and tidy vertical positioning surface is further disposed on the axial height, and the upper and lower plates and the permanent magnet are bonded and fixed on the axial center portion of the circular platform surface of
  • a ring-shaped magnetic body coaxially mounted with the upper and lower plates and the permanent magnet one end of which is fixed or bonded with the vertical positioning surface of the annular thin wall of the bracket Restricted by the horizontal positioning surface, the other end of which is embedded in the circular shaft hole at the bottom of the frame and is coupled or fixed to the frame, and the two end faces of the annular cylindrical magnetic body are at an axial height
  • the outer side faces of the upper and lower plates are respectively 0.5 An H value of -20 mm and two sets of upper and lower symmetrical magnetic gap magnetic paths are formed, and an inner circumference of the annular cylindrical magnetic body and two vertical surfaces of the upper and lower plates constitute two coaxial Annular magnetic gap of the diameter; Inserting two coils coaxially mounted in the annular magnetic gap, the coil is formed by one layer or two layers of electromagnetic wires, and two coils are respectively provided with corresponding intervals, two The winding direction of the coil and the current flowing through the coil, so that the two coils generate the same direction of electric power F at the same working moment;
  • the transducer has two sets of magnetic circuits that are up and down and bilaterally symmetric in terms of geometry and magnetic properties;
  • An axial line bisector X - the X axis is a set of two upper and lower symmetrical coil circuits with a horizontal symmetry axis, and the inductance of the two coils and the back electromotive force induced during the reciprocating motion have 180 degrees The phase angles cancel each other out.
  • the transducer is a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil internal magnetic transducer having resistive load characteristics or approximately resistive load characteristics and having high sensitivity, high resolution and high fidelity.
  • a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer comprising a magnetic circuit and a frame coupled thereto, at least two coaxial annular magnetic gaps and a coil bobbin inserted into the annular magnetic gap, which are wound in parallel with each other
  • the insulated electromagnetic wire constitutes at least two coils
  • the diaphragm or the planar sounding board which is coupled with the coil bobbin and the elastic damper plate, drives the diaphragm or the plane sounding board to vibrate in the air through the reciprocating motion of the bobbin skeleton, or passes through
  • the diaphragm detects a change in sound pressure of the sound and induces an acoustic voltage signal in the coil
  • the frame is a frame made of a non-magnetic material
  • the axial portion of the frame is provided with at least two circular axes.
  • a magnetic circuit having two coaxially mounted upper and lower plates provided with a central shaft hole, an axially magnetized annular permanent magnet or one or more equal-width fan shapes/ a wafer-shaped permanent magnet is sandwiched between the upper plate and the lower plate, the two plates having the same projected area and matched with the permanent magnet, a bracket made of a non-magnetic material,
  • the axial center portion is provided with an inner convex circular platform, the axial center portion of the circular platform is provided with a shaft hole, and the circular platform has a smooth and straight vertical outer circular surface, and the outer side of the vertical outer circular surface
  • An annular groove is provided, the groove bottom of the annular groove is provided with two or more through holes uniformly arranged, and an outer side of the annular groove constitutes an annular thin wall of the bracket, and the annular thin wall inner circumference
  • the corresponding axial height of the surface or the top end portion thereof is provided with a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface, and the corresponding axial height of the inner circumfer
  • the transducer has two sets of magnetic circuits that are up and down and bilaterally symmetric in terms of geometry and magnetic properties;
  • An axial line bisector X - the X axis is a set of two upper and lower symmetrical coil circuits with a horizontal symmetry axis, and the inductance of the two coils and the back electromotive force induced during the reciprocating motion have 180 degrees The phase angles cancel each other out.
  • the transducer is a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil internal magnetic transducer having resistive load characteristics or approximately resistive load characteristics and having high sensitivity, high resolution and high fidelity.
  • a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer comprising a magnetic circuit and a frame coupled thereto, at least two coaxial annular magnetic gaps and a coil bobbin inserted into the annular magnetic gap, which are wound in parallel with each other
  • the insulated electromagnetic wire constitutes at least two coils
  • the diaphragm or the planar sounding board which is coupled with the coil bobbin and the elastic damper plate, drives the diaphragm or the plane sounding board to vibrate in the air through the reciprocating motion of the bobbin skeleton, or passes through
  • the diaphragm detects a change in sound pressure of the sound and induces an acoustic voltage signal in the coil
  • the frame is a frame made of a non-magnetic material
  • the axial portion of the frame is provided with at least two circular axes.
  • the frame is provided with one or two annular platform faces for mounting elastic damping plates at different axial heights
  • an axially magnetized permanent is mounted on each of the planes of one of the plates of the magnetic circuit a magnet
  • the permanent magnet has the same polarity on a side close to the plate
  • two outer plates of the permanent magnet are respectively mounted with a plate, thereby forming a pair of repelling a type of magnet
  • the three plates of which are coaxially mounted have the same projected area and are matched with two of the permanent magnets
  • a bracket made of a non-magnetic material has an inner convex circle at its axial center.
  • a circular platform having a smooth and uniform vertical outer circular surface an outer side of the vertical outer circular surface is provided with an annular groove, and a groove bottom of the annular groove is provided with two or more through holes uniformly arranged
  • the outer side of the annular groove constitutes an annular thin wall of the bracket, and the corresponding axial height of the inner peripheral surface of the annular thin wall or the top end portion thereof is provided with a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface, the annular thin wall a smooth and aligning vertical positioning surface is disposed on the corresponding axial height of the inner circumferential surface or the outer circumferential surface, and the repulsion type magnet is adhesively fixed on the axial center portion of the circular platform surface of the bracket.
  • a ring-shaped magnetic body coaxially mounted with the repulsive magnet one end of which is fixed or bonded to the vertical positioning surface of the annular thin wall of the bracket while being restrained by the horizontal positioning surface , the other end of which is embedded in the frame
  • the circular shaft hole of the portion is coupled or fixed to the frame, and the two end faces of the annular cylindrical magnetic body respectively extend beyond the outer pole of the outer plate of the repulsive magnet in the axial height
  • the surface has an H value of 0.5-20 mm and forms two sets of vertically symmetric magnetic gap magnetic circuits, and an inner peripheral surface of the annular cylindrical magnetic body and a vertical circumferential surface of the plate of the repulsive magnet constitute a third a coaxial magnetic gap of equal diameter;
  • the coil is wound by one layer or two layers of electromagnetic wires, and three corresponding coils are provided with corresponding intervals, three The winding direction of the coil and the current flowing through the coil, so that the three coils generate the same direction of electric power F at the same working moment;
  • the bisector X - the X axis is a horizontal axis of symmetry, and the transducer has two sets of magnetic circuits that are up and down and bilaterally symmetric in terms of geometry and magnetic properties;
  • the center coil 309B When the two coils 309A and 309C located on the outer side have a clockwise direction when viewed from the outer side of the diaphragm, the center coil 309B must have a counterclockwise direction, and vice versa, the tail end YA of the coil 309A. Connected to the leading end XB of the coil 309B, the tail end YB of the coil 309B is connected in series with the leading end XC of the coil 309C, and the trailing end YC of the coil 309C is vertically drawn along the bobbin.
  • the leading end XA of the coil 309A constitutes a pair of signal input terminals of the transducer, and the cross-sectional areas of the electromagnetic wires of the three coils 309A, 309B, and 309C are defined to be equal to each other when the winding is wound, and the coil is specified
  • the number of coil turns of the 309A and 309C, the coil coil, the coil resistance, and the absolute value of the coil inductance are equal to each other, and the number of coil turns of the coil 309B, the coil coil, the coil resistance, and the absolute value of the coil inductance are defined.
  • the transducer is a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil internal magnetic transducer with resistive load characteristics or approximately resistive load characteristics with high sensitivity, high resolution and high fidelity.
  • a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer comprising a magnetic circuit and a frame coupled thereto, at least two coaxial annular magnetic gaps and a coil bobbin inserted into the annular magnetic gap, which are wound in parallel with each other
  • the insulated electromagnetic wire constitutes at least two coils
  • the diaphragm or the planar sounding board which is coupled with the coil bobbin and the elastic damper plate, drives the diaphragm or the plane sounding board to vibrate in the air through the reciprocating motion of the bobbin skeleton, or passes through
  • the diaphragm detects a change in sound pressure of the sound and induces an acoustic voltage signal in the coil
  • the frame is a frame made of a non-magnetic material
  • the axial portion of the frame is provided with at least two circular axes.
  • the frame is provided with one or two annular platform faces for mounting elastic damping plates at different axial heights
  • an axially magnetized permanent is mounted on each of the planes of one of the plates of the magnetic circuit a magnet
  • the permanent magnet has the same polarity on a side close to the electrode plate
  • two outer plates are respectively mounted on the outer plane of the permanent magnet, thereby forming a pair of repulsive magnets
  • the coaxially mounted three plates have the same projected area and are matched with the two permanent magnets.
  • a bracket made of a non-magnetic material has an inner convex circular platform.
  • the circular platform has a smooth and uniform vertical outer circular surface, and an outer side of the vertical outer circular surface is provided with an annular groove, and a groove bottom of the annular groove is provided with two or more through holes uniformly arranged, the ring
  • the outer side of the groove constitutes an annular thin wall of the bracket, and the corresponding axial height of the inner peripheral surface of the annular thin wall or the top end portion thereof is provided with a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface, or the annular thin wall inner circumferential surface or a smooth and aligning vertical positioning surface is further disposed on the corresponding axial height of the outer peripheral surface, and the repulsion type magnet is adhesively fixed on the axial center portion of the circular platform surface of the bracket, a ring-shaped magnetic body coaxially mounted by a repulsive magnet, one end of which is fixed or bonded and fixed to the vertical positioning surface of the annular thin wall of the bracket while being restrained by the horizontal positioning surface, and the other end thereof
  • the transducer Taking a central axis of the repulsive magnet as a vertical axis of symmetry, and a bisector X--X axis of a half-axis axial height of the center plate of the repulsive magnet as a horizontal axis of symmetry,
  • the transducer has two sets of magnetic circuits that are up and down and bilaterally symmetric in terms of geometry and magnetic properties;
  • a center tap YB' is provided at 1/2 turn of the coil 309B' and thereby constitute two equally divided coils 309B1' and 309B2', the tail end YA' of the coil 309A' and the coil
  • the leading end XB1 ' of the 309B1 ' is connected in series
  • the leading end XC ' of the coil 309C ' is connected in series with the trailing end YB2 ' of the coil 309B2 '
  • the first end XA' is connected in parallel with the center tap terminal YB' of the coil 309B', and a pair of signal input terminals constituting the transducer are vertically led along the bobbin, and the coil 309A' is defined
  • the coil 309B1 ′ and the coil 309C′ and the coil 309B2 ′ have the electromagnetic wire cross-sectional area, the number of coil turns, the
  • a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer comprising a magnetic circuit and a frame coupled thereto, at least two coaxial annular magnetic gaps and a coil bobbin inserted into the annular magnetic gap, which are wound in parallel with each other
  • the insulated electromagnetic wire constitutes at least two coils
  • the diaphragm or the planar sounding board which is coupled with the coil bobbin and the elastic damper plate, drives the diaphragm or the plane sounding board to vibrate in the air through the reciprocating motion of the bobbin skeleton, or passes through
  • the diaphragm detects a change in sound pressure of the sound and induces an acoustic voltage signal in the coil
  • the frame is a frame made of a non-magnetic material
  • the axial portion of the frame is provided with at least two circular axes.
  • the frame is provided with one or two annular platform faces for mounting elastic damping plates at different axial heights
  • an axially magnetized permanent is mounted on each of the planes of one of the plates of the magnetic circuit a magnet
  • the permanent magnet has the same polarity on a side close to the electrode plate
  • two outer plates are respectively mounted on the outer plane of the permanent magnet, thereby forming two pairs or two pairs or more a repulsive magnet having four coaxial panels or more than four or more plates having the same projected area and matching three or more of the permanent magnets
  • the axial center portion is provided with an inner convex circular platform
  • the circular platform has a smooth and straight vertical outer circular surface
  • the outer side of the vertical outer circular surface is provided with an annular groove
  • the groove bottom of the annular groove is provided
  • the central axis of the repulsive magnet is a vertical symmetry axis, and the centering permanent magnet of the repulsive magnet or the bisector X-X axis of the one-half axial height of the center plate is horizontally symmetrical.
  • the tail end YA of the coil 609A is connected in series with the leading end XB of the coil 609B
  • the tail end YB of the coil 609B is connected in series with the leading end XC of the coil 609C.
  • the trailing end YC of the coil 609C is connected in series with the leading end XD of the coil 609D, and the trailing end YD of the coil 609D is vertically drawn along the bobbin and the head end XA of the coil 609A constitutes the transducer.
  • the pair of signal input terminals defines the cross-sectional area of the electromagnetic wires of the four coils 609A and 609D and 609B and 609C, the number of coil turns, the coil coil, the coil resistance, the absolute value of the coil inductance, and the tension at the time of winding.
  • a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer characterized in that: the permanent magnet is a neodymium iron boron magnet.
  • a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer characterized in that: the bracket is made of aluminum alloy, non-magnetic stainless steel, or engineering plastic.
  • a method for preparing a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer :
  • a tubular tooling 01 made of a non-magnetic material has an inner diameter 1D1 and a height 1H1 and a coaxial inner diameter 1D2 and a height 1H2 at one end.
  • the inner diameter 1D1 is 0.01-0.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter 1D2, and the height 1H1 is higher than the permanent magnet.
  • the thickness is small 0.1-2 mm, the height 1H2 is equivalent to the thickness of the plate, the pipe segments 1H1 and 1H2 have smooth and neat inner circular faces and have horizontal positioning faces 0110, 0120 and 0130 perpendicularly intersecting the central axis of the tubular tooling 01;
  • the inner diameter 1D1 has a positive tolerance of 0.02-0.05 mm than the diameter of the permanent magnet.
  • a plate of the transducer Embedded in the pipe section having an inner diameter of 1D2 the inner diameter 1D2 has a fitting tolerance of 0.02-0.05 mm from the diameter of the plate, and the bonding is applied to the permanent magnet or the matching surface of one of the plates.
  • the agent simultaneously applies a pressing force, and after the adhesive is cured, the tubular tooling 01 is removed, thereby obtaining a coaxially fixed piece of the permanent magnet and a piece of the plate;
  • a tubular tooling 02 made of a non-magnetic material, one end of which is a thin-walled pipe section having an inner diameter of 2D1 and a height of 2H1, and an inner diameter 2D1 is larger than the outer plate/and the inner convex circular platform of the bracket
  • the diameter of the circle has a tolerance of 0.01-0.05 mm
  • the pipe section 2H1 is considerably or slightly smaller than the total thickness of the plate of the transducer and the permanent magnet/or the repulsive magnet and has Smooth and tidy inner and outer circular surface
  • the central axis of the tubular tooling 02 has perpendicularly intersecting horizontal positioning surfaces 0210 and 0220;
  • the coaxial magnetized permanent magnet and the electrode plate/or the individual permanent magnets are magnetized and polarized by a suitable magnetizer, and then alternately operated by tubular tooling 01 and 02, and then prepared to have 3- 4 Blocking the repulsive magnet coaxially bonded to the plate and the 2-3 permanent magnet;
  • a bracket 03 composed of a non-magnetic material, the axial portion of which is provided with an inner convex circular platform, the outer diameter 3D1 of the circular platform is smaller than the diameter of the plate by 0.01-0.05 mm and the tolerance is
  • the inner diameter 2D1 of the tubular tooling 02 has a tolerance of 0.01-0.05 mm, and the corresponding axial height of the annular thin wall of the bracket is further provided with a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface 0330.
  • the inner diameter 3D2 of the wall has a tolerance of 0.1 - 2 mm than the outer diameter of the annular cylindrical magnetic body, and the adhesive is applied on the inner convex circular platform surface 0300, and then the coaxially fixed and filled
  • the magnetically polarized plate and the permanent magnet/or the repulsive magnet are placed thereon and embedded in the inner wall of the tubular tooling 02, the inner wall of the tubular tooling 02 and the vertical outer circular surface 0310 of the inner convex circular platform Sliding and fixing, the horizontal positioning surface 0210 is pressed against the outer pole surface of the plate and applying a pressing force, and the plate and the permanent magnet/or the repulsive type after the adhesive is cured
  • the magnet is bonded and positioned at the axial portion of the circular flat surface 0300 of the bracket Upper
  • the ring-shaped magnetic body of the transducer is inserted from the outer end portion 2D3 of the tubular tooling 02 and When the smooth outer circumference of the pipe section faces inward to the polarization area of the permanent magnet, the sliding speed of the annular magnetic body is artificially controlled and finally limited by the horizontal positioning surface 0330 of the bracket, and the adhesive is cured.
  • the tubular tooling 02 is removed, two or more sets of the symmetric magnetic circuit and two or more coaxial equal diameters of the annular magnetic gap are prepared;
  • a method for preparing a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer :
  • the plate of the multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer and the axial portion of the permanent magnet have central shaft holes of equal diameter;
  • a tubular tooling 01 made of a non-magnetic material has an inner diameter 1D1 and a height 1H1 and a coaxial inner diameter 1D2 and a height 1H2 at one end.
  • the inner diameter 1D1 is 0.01-0.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter 1D2, and the height 1H1 is higher than the permanent magnet.
  • the thickness is small 0.1-2 mm, the height 1H2 is equivalent to the thickness of the plate, the pipe segments 1H1 and 1H2 have smooth and neat inner circular faces and have horizontal positioning faces 0110, 0120 and 0130 perpendicularly intersecting the central axis of the tubular tooling 01;
  • the inner diameter 1D1 has a positive tolerance of 0.02-0.05 mm than the diameter of the permanent magnet. Inserting one of the plates of the transducer into the pipe segment having an inner diameter 1D2, the inner diameter 1D2 having a fit tolerance of 0.02-0.05 mm from the diameter of the plate, in the permanent magnet or the Applying an adhesive to one of the plates of the electrode plate while applying a pressing force, and removing the tubular tooling 01 after the adhesive is cured, thereby obtaining a coaxially fixed piece of the permanent magnet having a central shaft hole With a piece of the plate;
  • a tubular tooling 02 made of a non-magnetic material, one end of which is a thin-walled pipe section having an inner diameter of 2D1 and a height of 2H1, and an inner diameter 2D1 is larger than the outer plate/and the inner convex circular platform of the bracket
  • the diameter of the circle has a tolerance of 0.01-0.05 mm
  • the pipe section 2H1 is considerably or slightly smaller than the total thickness of the plate of the transducer and the permanent magnet/or the repulsive magnet and has Smooth and tidy inner and outer circular surface
  • the central axis of the tubular tooling 02 has perpendicularly intersecting horizontal positioning surfaces 0210 and 0220;
  • Tooling 02 obtaining two coaxial plates and two permanent magnets having a central shaft hole and a permanent magnet;
  • the coaxial magnetized permanent magnet and the electrode plate/or the individual permanent magnets are magnetized and polarized by a suitable magnetizer, and then alternately operated by tubular tooling 01 and 02, and then prepared to have 3- 4 Blocking the repulsive magnet coaxially bonded to the plate and the 2-3 permanent magnet;
  • a bracket 04 formed of a non-magnetic material, the axial portion of which is provided with a convex circular platform, and a shaft hole of the circular plate and the permanent magnet shaft hole is provided at an axial portion of the circular platform a matching central shaft hole and an associated quadrangular or hexagonal recess, the outer diameter 4D1 of the circular platform being 0.01-0.05 mm less than the diameter of the plate and having a negative tolerance of -0.01 from the inner diameter 2D1 of the tubular tool 02 With a fitting tolerance of 0.05 mm, the corresponding axial height of the annular thin wall of the bracket is further provided with a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface 0430, the inner diameter of the annular thin wall 4D2 is smaller than the ring cylinder
  • the outer diameter of the magnetic body has a positive tolerance of 0.1-2 mm, an adhesive is applied on the inner convex circular land 0400, and then the plate and the permanent magnet which have been coaxially bonded and magnetized and polarized / or the repulsive magnet is
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a back view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figs. 10-A and 10-B are longitudinal sectional views showing a plate and a permanent magnet unit according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the distribution of magnetic flux lines of magnetic flux on the outer plates of the prior art speakers.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the magnetic gap magnetic lines of the outer plate of the speaker of the present invention.
  • Figures 14-A, 14-B, 14-C, and 14_D are diagrams showing waveforms of an audio signal and a counter electromotive force in two sets of symmetrical coil circuits of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a diagram showing the principle wiring of the double magnetic gap double coil transducer coil circuit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a view showing the first principle wiring diagram of the three-magnetic gap three-coil coil circuit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a view showing a second principle wiring diagram of the three-magnetic gap three-coil coil circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 shows a schematic wiring diagram of a four-magnetic gap four-coil coil circuit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the tubular tooling 01 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the tubular tooling 02 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the bracket 03 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the bracket 03 of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the prior art single-gap single-coil transducer audio current and back electromotive force.
  • Fig. 24 is a view showing the operation principle of the audio current and the anti-electromotive force of the multi-magnetic gap multi-coil transducer having the symmetric magnetic circuit and the symmetrical coil circuit of the present invention.
  • the main components of the present invention correspond to the labels as follows:
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. This is an embodiment of a dual magnetic gap double coil inner magnetic speaker.
  • the upper plate 103A and the lower plate 103B are two circular plates of equal thickness, equal projected area, and coaxially mounted, and a matching neodymium iron boron magnet 102 is sandwiched between the element 103A and the element 103B.
  • An axial position of an aluminum alloy bracket 181 is provided with a convex circular platform 1118 having a smooth and uniform vertical outer circular surface having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the members 103A and 103B by a negative tolerance of 0.01 - 0.05 mm.
  • the outer side of the element 1118 is provided with an annular groove 1631, and at the bottom of the groove are provided twelve uniformly arranged through holes 182.
  • the outer side of the element 1631 is an annular thin wall of the bracket, which has a smooth and regular inner and outer circular vertical surface.
  • a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface 1810 and a vertical positioning surface 1820 are also provided at a certain axial height of the annular thin wall of the bracket.
  • An adhesive is applied to the water landing surface 11180 of the component 1118, and the component 103A, the component 102, and the component 103B which have been coaxially bonded together and magnetically polarized are placed thereon, and then a non-magnetic material is formed.
  • the tubular tooling is embedded in the outer circular vertical face of the member 1118 and the outer circular faces of the member 103A, member 102, and member 103B to ensure that the latter is mounted and positioned at the axial center of the member 11180.
  • the annular magnetic body 113 is placed on the outer circumferential surface of the tool and is slid outward from the outer side until the lower end surface of the element 113 is constrained by the horizontal positioning surface 1810 of the element 181.
  • the element 181 is bonded and fixed by a pre-coated adhesive.
  • the tooling is removed after the adhesive is cured.
  • the two upper and lower end faces of the element 113 have the same H value (0.5-20 mm) as the outer pole faces of the elements 103A and 103B, respectively, and the inner peripheral surface of the element 113 and the vertical peripheral faces of the elements 103A and 103B.
  • Two annular equal-diameter annular magnetic gaps 110A and 110B are formed.
  • the upper end of the member 113 is embedded in a circular shaft hole at the bottom of the plastic frame, and the outer wall of the member 113 is bonded and fixed to the flange 1011 at the bottom of the frame.
  • the two coils are composed of 1_2 layers
  • the electromagnetic wire is wound, for example, when viewed from the direction of the diaphragm 106, the setting coil 109A is wound clockwise, and the coil 109B is wound counterclockwise (or vice versa). It is specified that the electromagnetic wire cross-sectional area of the coil 109A and the coil 109B, the number of coil turns, the coil volume, the coil resistance, the absolute value of the coil inductance, and the tension at the time of winding are equal to each other, thereby constituting one-half of the element 102.
  • the bisector of the axial height X--the X axis is the horizontal symmetry axis, and the two sets of magnetic circuits with upper and lower symmetry in geometry and magnetic properties are perpendicular to the central axis of the element 103A, the element 102 and the element 103B. And coil circuit.
  • the wiring diagram of the two sets of coil circuits please refer to FIG. 15 of the present invention.
  • the elastic damper plate 141, the bobbin 107, the diaphragm 106, the suspension 199, and the frame 101 are respectively bonded and fixed together, whereby the inductances of the two sets of coils 109A and 109B of the first embodiment of the present invention are reciprocated
  • the back electromotive force induced during the motion is offset by a 180 degree phase angle.
  • the H value is appropriately selected according to the diameter and magnetic path of the transducer, that is, Two sets of magnetic gap symmetric magnetic circuits having symmetrical axes Z--Z axis of one-half of the axial height of the element 103A and the element 103B are obtained, and the magnetic lines 1991 in the magnetic gap are as shown in FIG.
  • the speaker according to the embodiment of the present invention is a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil transducer having a resistive load characteristic or a resistive load characteristic and having high sensitivity, high fidelity, and high resolution.
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. This is an embodiment of a dual magnetic gap double coil inner magnetic speaker.
  • the conical diaphragm 206 and the dust cap 205 of the second embodiment replace the concave diaphragm 106 of the first embodiment. It can be seen that the structure of the second embodiment is suitable for a cone-shaped speaker of various calibers.
  • Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention. This is an embodiment of a dual magnetic gap double coil inner magnetic speaker.
  • a circular sleeve 4012 made of a non-magnetic material such as an aluminum alloy replaces a portion of the annular thin wall of the bracket of the embodiment 1 of the present invention, the upper portion of the inner wall of the member 4012 and the annular cylindrical magnetic body 413 or the bracket 481.
  • the annular thin wall has an interference fit, and the top end portion of the annular thin wall of the bracket 481 is provided with a smooth and horizontal horizontal positioning surface 4810, and the lower end portion of the inner wall of the element 4012 is embedded in the annular thin outer peripheral surface of the element 481 and is coated with an adhesive. Bonded and fixed.
  • this embodiment 3 is merely an equivalent transformation of the carrier of the embodiment 1 of the present invention: the element 4012 is essentially an extension of the annular thin wall of the bracket 481. Except for the above, the structure, working principle, and description of the embodiment 3 are the same as those of the embodiment 1 of FIG. 1 and the embodiment 2 of FIG. 3, and the description of the present invention is not repeated.
  • Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. This is an embodiment of a three-gap three-coil inner magnetic speaker.
  • An axially magnetized neodymium iron boron magnets 302A and 302B are respectively mounted on the planes of the two sides of a circular plate 303B, and a circular plate 303A and 303C are respectively mounted on the outer sides of the permanent magnets 302A and 302B.
  • the polarity of the block permanent magnets (N-pole and S-pole) is as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the three plates have the same projected area and are matched with two permanent magnets.
  • the thickness of the elements 303A and 303C are equal, and the thickness of the element 303B is larger than that of the element.
  • the thickness of 303A is large enough to ensure that the lines of magnetic force flowing through it are not saturated.
  • the repulsion type magnet is placed on the inner convex circular plate surface 31180 of the aluminum alloy bracket 381 which is previously coated with the adhesive, and the necessary tooling ensures the component 303A, the component 302A, the component 303B, the component 302B, and the component.
  • the 303C and the ring-shaped magnetic body 313 are coaxially mounted on the axial center portion of the element 31180.
  • the two upper and lower end faces of the element 313 have the same H value (0.5-20 mm) as the outer pole faces of the elements 303A and 303c, respectively, and the inner peripheral surface of the element 313 and the elements 303A, 303B, and 303C Drooping Three annular magnetic gaps 310A, 310B and 310C of coaxial equal diameter are formed between the straight peripheral faces.
  • the upper end portion of the element 313 is bonded and fixed to the circular surface and plane formed by the inner flange 3011 of the frame.
  • the lower end portion of the member 313 is fitted into the horizontal positioning surface 3810 of the bracket 381 and the vertical positioning surface 3820 and is fixed by adhesive bonding.
  • the bobbin 307 and the coaxially mounted three coils 309A, 309B and 309C are inserted into the annular magnetic gap, and the three coils are wound by 1-2 layers of electromagnetic wires, for example, from the diaphragm 306.
  • the set coils 309A and 309C are wound clockwise, and the coil 309B is wound counterclockwise (or vice versa).
  • the tail end YA of the element 309A is connected in series with the head end XB of the element 309B, the tail end YB of the element 309B is connected in series with the head end XC of the element 309C, and the tail end YC of the element 309C is vertically drawn along the element 307 and the head end of the element 309A.
  • XA constitutes a pair of signal input terminals of the transducer, and the cross-sectional areas of the electromagnetic wires of the elements 309A, 309B, and 309C are equal to each other, and the number of coils of the elements 309A and 309C are specified.
  • the absolute values of the coil width, the coil resistance, and the coil inductance are equal to each other, and the number of coil turns of the element 309B, the coil coil, the coil resistance, the absolute value of the coil inductance, the number of coil turns of the elements 309A and 309C, the coil coil, The sum of the absolute values of the coil resistance and the inductance of the coil are equal to each other, thereby constituting a vertical axis of symmetry of the center axis of the repulsive magnet, and bisector XX axis of one-half of the axial height of the element 303B.
  • For the specific magnetic circuit structure and the circuit diagram of the three coils please refer to the first principle wiring diagram of the three-magnetic three-coil loudspeaker shown in Figs. 16A and 16B of the present invention, respectively.
  • the speaker according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil transducer having a resistance load characteristic or a resistance load characteristic and having high sensitivity, high fidelity, and high resolution.
  • the fourth embodiment is the same as the basic structure, working principle, and related description of the first embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention will not be repeatedly described.
  • 17-A and 17-B are diagrams showing a second principle wiring diagram of the two sets of symmetrical coil circuits according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • This is another embodiment of a three-gap three-coil inner magnetic speaker.
  • This embodiment 4 has the same frame, magnetic circuit structure and related specifications as the embodiment 7 of Fig. 8. The only difference is the wiring of the three coils:
  • the center coil 309B' When the two coils 309A'' and 309C' located on the outside have a clockwise direction when viewed from the outside of the diaphragm, the center coil 309B' must have a counterclockwise direction, and vice versa, which is defined in the coil 309B'
  • a center tap YB' is provided at 1/2 turn and thus constitutes two equally divided coils 309B 1 ' and 309B2 ', and the trailing end YA ' of the coil 309A' is connected in series with the leading end XB1 ' of the coil 309B 1 '.
  • the leading end XC' of the coil 309C' is connected in series with the trailing end YB2' of the coil 309B2', and the trailing end YC' of the coil 309C' is connected in parallel with the leading end XA' of the coil 309A' and the center tap terminal YB' of the coil 309B'
  • a pair of signal input terminals constituting the transducer are vertically led along the bobbin 307, and the cross-sectional area of the electromagnetic wire of the coil 309A' and the coil 309B 1 ' /the coil 309C ' and the coil 309B2 ', the number of coil turns, and the coil volume are specified.
  • the amplitude, the coil resistance, the absolute value of the inductance of the coil, and the tension at the time of winding are equal to each other and thus constitute a bisector X--X axis with a central axis height of one half of the center plate 303B.
  • Group symmetrical The coil circuit, the inductance of the four coils and the back electromotive force induced during the reciprocating motion cancel each other by having a phase angle of 180 degrees, and the transducer is a resistive load characteristic or a resistance load characteristic Multi-magnetic gap multi-coil internal magnetic transducer with high sensitivity, high resolution and high fidelity.
  • the seventh embodiment is the same as the structure, working principle and related description of the embodiment 4 of FIG. 5, and the present invention is no longer Repeat the description.
  • Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This is an embodiment of a four magnetic gap four coil inner magnetic speaker.
  • the frame is a frame 601 made of aluminum alloy.
  • the shaft center of the frame 601 is provided with at least two circular shaft holes.
  • the frame 601 is provided with an annular platform surface on which two elastic damping plates 641 are mounted at different axial heights.
  • An axially magnetized neodymium iron boron magnet 602A and 602B are respectively mounted on the planes of both sides of one of the plates 603B of the magnetic circuit, and the permanent magnets have the same S pole polarity on the side close to the plate 603B.
  • a pair of plates 603A and 603C are respectively mounted on the outer planes of the two permanent magnets 602A and 602B, and a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 602C is further mounted on the outer side of the electrode plate 603C, and a plate 603D is further mounted on the outer side of the element 602C.
  • the four plates mounted coaxially have the same projected area and are matched with three neodymium iron boron magnets.
  • bracket 681 made of an aluminum alloy and a ring-shaped magnetic body mounted coaxially with the plate and the permanent magnet, and a structure of the frame 601, the elastic damper plate 641, the diaphragm 606, and the suspension 699
  • the mounting and the outer surface of the plates 603A and 603D and the two end faces of the ring-shaped magnetic body constitute a magnetic gap symmetric magnetic circuit.
  • the inner circumferential surface of the annular cylindrical magnetic body 613 and the vertical circumferential surface of the four electrode plates constitute four annular magnetic gaps of equal coaxial diameter, thereby inserting the bobbin 607 and the four coaxially mounted coils.
  • the coil is wound by a layer of electromagnetic wires.
  • the two center coils 609B and 609C must have a counterclockwise direction and a clockwise direction. Winding, and vice versa, the tail end YA of the coil 609A is connected in series with the leading end XB of the coil 609B, the trailing end YB of the coil 609B is connected in series with the leading end XC of the coil 609C, and the trailing end YC of the coil 609C and the head of the coil 609D are connected.
  • the end XD is connected in series, and the tail end YD of the coil 609D is vertically drawn along the bobbin 607 and the leading end XA of the coil 609A constitutes a pair of signal input terminals of the transducer, and four coils 609A and 609D/609B and 609C are defined.
  • the electromagnetic wire cross-sectional area, the number of coil turns, the coil wrap, the coil resistance, the absolute value of the coil inductance, and the tension at the time of winding are equal to each other, thereby constituting one-half of the axial height of the centering permanent magnet 602B.
  • Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention. This is an embodiment of a dual magnetic gap double coil inner magnetic speaker.
  • a non-magnetic material fastener 760 such as a seamless stainless steel pipe section made of 1 Cr18Ni9Ti component is inserted into the above 4 shaft holes.
  • the length of the fastener must be selected as follows: The two ends of the stainless steel pipe fastener are squashed into the shape of the flared bell by a special tool and pressed against the upper plate 703A, the permanent magnet 702, and the lower plate 703B. And on component 7118 and join them into one Overall.
  • element 760 of the present embodiment is a hollow stainless steel tube section, it provides a good ventilation path for the transducer. Therefore, it is suitable for use in large-caliber professional speakers or high-power electromechanical transducers.
  • Fig. 12 is a view showing the distribution of magnetic flux lines of magnetic flux on the outer plates of the prior art speakers.
  • FIG 12 is a schematic enlarged view of a node of Embodiment 1 of Figure 1 of the present invention.
  • Element 103A is an outer plate of the transducer with a horizontal bisector of one-half of the axial height being the Z--Z axis.
  • the permanent magnet magnetic field lines 1991 in the annular magnetic gap 110A exhibit an asymmetrical state on both sides of the Z--Z axis. If the coil 109A shown in Fig.
  • the horizontal bisector of the one-half axial height of the coil overlaps with the ⁇ --- ⁇ axis.
  • the shape of the permanent magnet magnetic field lines at the upper and lower portions of the ⁇ -- ⁇ axis are different in density, so that the upper and lower portions of the ⁇ --- ⁇ axis of the coil 109A will generate different electric powers.
  • F the coil is twisted to increase the distortion of the speaker.
  • Fig. 13 is a view showing the distribution of the magnetic gap magnetic lines of the outer plate of the present invention.
  • the H value is closely related to the transducer, especially the diameter of the speaker and the geometry and magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet. It can be seen from Fig. 13 that on both sides of the Z--Z axis, the permanent magnet magnetic field line 1991 is always in a symmetrical state, and the prior art defects shown in Fig. 12 are corrected as necessary.
  • 14A-14D are diagrams showing waveforms of an audio signal and a counter electromotive force in two sets of symmetrical coil circuits of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14A shows a waveform of a sine wave audio current signal input to a coil on one side of the transducer X-X axis (for example, element 109A of FIG. 1) in the embodiment of the present invention and is induced at a zero crossing point.
  • Figure B shows a waveform of a sine wave audio current signal input to a coil on the other side of the transducer X-X axis (e.g., element 109B of Figure 1) in the embodiment of the present invention and its inverse at the zero crossing.
  • Electromotive force pulse waveform As can be seen from the above two figures, the two sinusoidal audio current signals have a phase angle of 180 degrees, in accordance with the implementation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14C shows a counter electromotive force spike waveform induced in a coil on one side of the X-axis of the transducer (e.g., element 109A of Fig. 1) in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14D shows the back electromotive force spike waveform induced in a coil (e.g., element 109B of Figure 1) on the other side of the transducer X-X axis in embodiments of the present invention. Since the two coils on either side of the Z-Z axis are wound in opposite directions, the back electromotive force induced by the two coils in the same speaker cancels each other by zero with a phase angle of 180 degrees.
  • Figure 19 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the tubular tooling 01 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the tubular tooling 02 of the present invention.
  • a seamless stainless steel tube having a non-magnetic property of the lCrl8Ni9Ti component is used, the total height of which is 2H, and the inner diameter 2D1 is larger than the outer diameter of the plate or the inner convex circular platform. 02-0. 05 mm, height 2H1 is substantially equal or slightly smaller than the total thickness of the plates of the transducer and the permanent magnets/or the repulsive magnets.
  • the outer diameter of the outer diameter of the ring-shaped magnetic body of the transducer is 0. 02-0. 03 mm.
  • the other end of the tubular tool has a smaller outer diameter 2D3 which is 1-5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the ring-shaped magnetic body.
  • Fig. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the bracket 03 of the present invention.
  • the bracket of this embodiment is made of an aluminum alloy. 5 ⁇
  • the brackets in the brackets have a horizontal surface 0300 and a smooth and uniform vertical outer surface, the diameter 3D1 is smaller than the diameter of the plate of the transducer is 0. 02- 0. 03 mm.
  • the outer side of the vertical outer circular surface is provided with an annular groove, and the groove bottom of the concave groove is provided with two or more through holes which are evenly arranged.
  • the outer side of the annular groove constitutes an annular thin wall of the bracket, and the top of the annular thin wall has a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface, and a certain horizontal height of the inner peripheral surface of the annular thin wall is provided with a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface 0330 and vertical positioning.
  • the inner diameter of the ring-shaped thin wall 3D2 is larger than the outer diameter of the ring-shaped magnetic body by 0. 1-2 mm.
  • the brackets have corresponding component numbers 181-981, respectively.
  • Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 This is an embodiment of a three-gap three-coil inner magnetic speaker.
  • the structure and working principle of the embodiment 4 of FIG. 8 and FIG. 5 are completely the same. Therefore, the components such as the frame, the diaphragm, the elastic wave, the coil, the coil bobbin and the like are omitted in FIG. .
  • the difference from Fig. 5 is that, in the present embodiment, the center plate 803B is composed of two plates of equal thickness and equal diameter, such as the outer plates 803A and 803C. For example, as shown in Fig.
  • the XX horizontal axis which is one-half of the axial height of the permanent magnet 802A, is an axis of symmetry, and constitutes a set of upper and lower symmetrical plates and permanent magnet units, the polarity of which is shown in Fig. 10- A is shown.
  • Two sets of such units are bonded and magnetized such that the pole faces of the S pole plates of the two sets of cells are bonded together, thereby constituting three of the repulsive magnets composed of two sets of units shown in FIG. Magnetic gap three coil speaker.
  • the plates, permanent magnets and brackets in Figure 8 are all provided with an equal diameter.
  • the pressing force is applied by the non-magnetic pad and the nut to make the two sets of pre-magnetized polarized plates and the S pole face of the permanent magnet unit and the inner convex surface of the unit and the bracket can be very strong.
  • the ground is bonded into one.
  • Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the three sets of magnetized polarized plates and permanent magnet elements are also subjected to a pressing force by means of a non-magnetic material fastener 960 for securely and conveniently bonding them to the inner convex platform of the aluminum alloy bracket.
  • FIG. 10-B shows still another embodiment of Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
  • the central plate and the permanent magnet are not provided with a central shaft hole, but the two side plates 303A and 303B of the permanent magnet 302A are symmetrical with respect to the X-X horizontal axis of one-half of the axial height of the permanent magnet 302A.
  • a set of upper and lower symmetrical plates and permanent magnet units are formed, the polarity of which is shown in Figure 10-B. It is also possible to replace such a two-group unit with the three-magnetic three-coil loudspeaker of FIG. 5, the four-magnetic four-coil loudspeaker of FIG. 6, without the use of non-magnetic material fasteners, the plates, permanent magnets and brackets.
  • the inner convex platform is directly bonded into one body.
  • Fig. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the component 760 is made of a stainless steel tube made of a l&18Ni9Ti component, and is provided with a thread at both ends thereof, and the nut and the gasket made of a non-magnetic material are applied to the plate and the seat.
  • the permanent magnet and the stainless steel bracket 781 exert a pressing force to achieve a stronger and more convenient bonding of them.
  • all the coils of this embodiment can be connected in parallel by two strips of copper foil along the vertical bow I of the voice coil bobbin.
  • Fig. 23 shows a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the audio current and back electromotive force of the prior art single magnetic slot single coil speaker.
  • Component 1 is an audio signal source
  • component 2 is a conventional single-gap single-coil speaker
  • component 2' is the equivalent generator potential of a single-fluid single-coil speaker, that is, a back-EM signal source
  • component 3 is a speaker generator-state operation. The equivalent load. It can be seen from the lower diagram of Fig.
  • Fig. 24 is a view showing the operation principle of the audio current and the back electromotive force of the multi-magnetic gap multi-coil speaker having the symmetric magnetic circuit and the symmetrical coil circuit of the present invention. It can be seen from the lower diagram of Fig. 24 that when the speaker is turned on the audio signal source 21, an instantaneous audio current I flows through the two reversely wound speaker symmetrical coils 23A and 23B, and the two symmetrical coils generate two corresponding The electric power FA and FB have the same direction and form a resultant force F. It can be seen from the upper diagram of Fig.
  • a tubular tooling 01 made of non-magnetic material has an inner diameter of 1D1 and a height of 1H1 and a coaxial inner diameter of 1D2 and a height of 1H2.
  • the inner diameter 1D1 is 0.01-0.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter 1D2, and the height is 1H1.
  • the thickness of the magnet is 0.1-2 mm, the height 1H2 is equivalent to the thickness of the plate, and the pipe segments 1H1 and 1H2 have smooth and neat inner circular faces and have horizontal positioning faces 0110, 0120 perpendicularly intersecting the central axis of the tubular tooling 01 and 0130;
  • tubular tooling 02 made of a non-magnetically permeable material, one end of which is a thin-walled pipe section having an inner diameter 2D1 and a height 2H1, the inner diameter 2D1 being larger than the plate/and the inner convex circular platform of the bracket
  • the outer diameter has a tolerance of 0.01-0.05 mm
  • the pipe section 2H1 is equal to or slightly smaller than the total thickness of the plate of the transducer and the permanent magnet/or the repulsive magnet.
  • the central axis of the tubular tooling 02 has vertically intersecting horizontal positioning surfaces 0210 and 0220;
  • magnetizing and polarizing the coaxially fixed permanent magnet and the plate/or the permanent magnet with a suitable magnetizer can be prepared to have 3 - 4 reciprocating magnets in which the plates and 2 3 permanent magnets are coaxially bonded;
  • the bracket 03 composed of a non-magnetic material has an inner convex circular platform, and the outer diameter 3D1 of the circular platform is 0.01-0.05 mm smaller than the diameter of the plate.
  • the tolerance and the inner diameter 2D1 of the tubular tooling 02 have a tolerance of 0.01-0.05 mm, and the corresponding axial height of the annular thin wall of the bracket is further provided with a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface 0330,
  • the inner diameter 3D2 of the annular thin wall has a tolerance of 0.1-2 mm to the outer diameter of the annular cylindrical magnetic body, and the adhesive is applied on the inner convex circular surface 0300, and then the coaxial bonding is performed.
  • the magnetically polarized plate and the permanent magnet/or the repulsive magnet are placed thereon and embedded in the inner wall of the tubular tooling 02, and the inner wall of the tubular tooling 02 and the vertical outer circumference of the convex circular platform
  • the surface 0310 is slip-fitted, and the horizontal positioning surface 0210 is pressed against the outer pole surface of the plate and a pressing force is applied.
  • the plate and the permanent magnet/or the phase are cured.
  • the repulsion magnet is bonded and positioned at the axial center of the circular plate surface 0300 of the bracket g.
  • the annular magnetic body of the transducer is from the outer end 2D3 of the tubular tooling 02
  • the sliding speed of the annular magnetic body is artificially controlled and finally limited by the horizontal positioning surface 0330 of the bracket, After the adhesive is cured, the tubular tooling 02 is removed, thereby preparing two or more sets of the symmetric magnetic circuit and the two or more coaxial equal diameters of the annular magnetic gap;
  • a method for preparing a multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer a. the plate of the multi-magnetic gap multi-coil inner magnetic transducer and the axial center of the permanent magnet have central shaft holes of equal diameter;
  • b. - a tubular tooling 01 made of a non-magnetic material having an inner diameter 1D1 and a height 1H1 and a coaxial inner diameter 1D2 and a height 1H2 at one end, the inner diameter 1D1 being 0.01-0.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter 1D2, and the height 1H1 is greater than the The thickness of the magnet is 0.1-2 mm, height
  • 1H2 is equivalent to the thickness of the plate, and the pipe segments 1H1 and 1H2 have smooth and regular inner circular faces and have horizontal positioning faces 0110, 0120 and 0130 perpendicularly intersecting the central axis of the tubular tooling 01;
  • a tubular tooling 02 made of a non-magnetic material having a thin-walled pipe section having an inner diameter of 2D1 and a height of 2H1 at one end, the inner diameter 2D1 being smaller than the plate/and the inner convex circular platform of the bracket
  • the outer diameter of the outer circle has a fitting tolerance of 0.01 - 0.05 mm, and the pipe section 2H1 is equal to or slightly smaller than the total thickness of the plate of the transducer and the permanent magnet / or the repulsive magnet
  • the central axis of the tubular tooling 02 has perpendicularly intersecting horizontal positioning surfaces 0210 and 0220;
  • the bracket 04 composed of a non-magnetic material has an inner convex circular platform at an axial portion thereof, and a plate and the permanent magnet are disposed at an axial portion of the circular platform A shaft hole matching central shaft hole and an associated quadrangular or hexagonal recess, the outer diameter 4D1 of the circular platform being 0.01-0.05 mm smaller than the diameter of the plate and having a negative tolerance compared to the inner diameter 2D1 of the tubular tool 02 With a fitting tolerance of 0.01-0.05 mm, the corresponding axial height of the annular thin wall of the bracket is further provided with a smooth and tidy horizontal positioning surface 0430, and the inner diameter of the annular thin wall is 4D2
  • the outer diameter of the annular cylindrical magnetic body has a positive tolerance of 0.1 - 2 mm, an adhesive is applied on the inner convex circular land surface 0400, and then the plate which has been coaxially bonded and magnetized and polarized is described The permanent magnet/or the repulsive magnet is placed thereon and embedded in the inner wall
  • the ring-shaped magnetic body of the transducer is sleeved from the outer end 2D3 of the tubular tooling 02 and slid along the smooth outer circumference of the pipe section to the permanent magnet. In the polarized area, the sliding speed of the annular magnetic body is artificially controlled and finally limited by the horizontal positioning surface 0430 of the bracket.
  • the tubular tooling 02 is removed, thereby preparing two groups/or Two or more sets of said symmetric magnetic circuit and said annular magnetic gap of two or more coaxial equal diameters;
  • the patented technology has a wide coverage: it can be applied to all electroacoustic transducers, sensors and electromechanical transducers except mobile phones.

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Description

多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种换能器, 特别涉及具有多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 属于电学的电声换能器及机 电换能器领域。 背景技术
自 1877年全世界第一个动圈式扬声器(以下简称为扬声器)获得发明专利权以来的一百三十余年 间, 除美国 HARMAN公司的 US5849760发明专利, 日本 ALPINE公司的 CN951010204发明专利, 本发明人的 CN99114781.2、 CN00122197.3, US6795564和 TW88109796等发明专利外 , 几乎所 有商品化生产的扬声器都只有一个磁隙和一个线圈。 当这个线圈接通音频信号电流时, 在磁隙磁场的 交互作用下按照弗莱明 (Fleming)左手定则产生一个电动力 F, 推动线圈和振膜作往复式活塞运动, 扬 声器因振动空气而发声。 但是, 当这个线圈作往复式活塞运动的同时, 其磁隙内的永磁磁力线将垂直 切割该线圈, 由此在同一个线圈内感应得到弗莱明右手定则规定的发电机电势, 即电声技术领域所谓 的扬声器反电动势。 由于这个反电动势的矢量值与音频输入信号的矢量值具有 180度相位角(忽略线 圈的电感及线间电容不计)且在同一个线圈电路中相互叠加, 因此, 这个反电动势必然给扬声器的电 声还原过程造成失真。 十分明显, 这不是我们希望发生的却是无法摆脱的一个物理现象。
一般说来, 扬声器线圈的相对运动速率、 运动幅度和电感量愈大、 音频信号电流的频率愈低, 反 电动势的幅值也愈大, 所产生的失真也愈大。 因此, 已有技术无法或不愿意提高扬声器的灵敏度即电 声转换效率, 以免棘手的反电动势带来严重的失真。 甚至, 工作在大功率大动态信号下的专业扬声器 的反电动势还会将功率放大器的末级功放管击穿毁损。
一百三十年间, 面对电声领域的这一道未曾解决的技术难题, 人们只有选择被动消极的技术方案 予以弥补:一方面尽可能降低扬声器的电声转换效率即灵敏度, 一方面尽可能地增大扬声器的输入功 率, 从而达到降低反电动势的绝对值及其与输入音频信号的比率, 把反电动势产生的失真限制到人们 可以普遍接受的程度。 因此, 一些世界知名品牌的 Hi-Fi扬声器甚至 Hi-end级扬声器很难被功率放大 器推动的原因即缘于此。
其次, 具有一个磁隙和一个线圈的换能器的另外一个致命缺陷是低效率引起的高发热。
即使排除上述反电动势因素之后,低效率的扬声器仍然是困惑电声领域一百三十年之久的又一道 技术难题。
例如, 一只 2英寸口径扬声器的电声转换效率通常 ¾≡0.10 % , 也就是说: 当这只扬声器输入 5W 音频电功率时, 只有 0.005W的电能被转换成人们需要的声能, 其余 4.99W都变成了无效和有害的热 能而白白浪费掉。 这时, 2英寸口径扬声器的效率大约相当于白炽灯效率的 1/ 70 ~1/80 。
一只大口径的 15英寸专业扬声器, 通常的 SPL值为 98dB/lW/lm, 其效率为 3.89 % , 也不足白 炽灯效率的 1/ 2 。 现代社会拥有几百亿只扬声器, 它们几乎百分之百地工作在超低效率的工况 (只有 热声制冷领域的 "扬声器"例外), 它们浪费了人类社会的大量能源, 同时大幅度增加了二氧化碳的 排放量。
具有一个磁隙和一个线圈的换能器的第三个缺陷是: 由于磁路的 T铁结构, 狭小的磁隙底部具有 密闭的后腔, 当线圈在磁隙内作往复式活塞运动时, 积压在后腔内的空气对线圈产生气囊阻尼, 从而 使扬声器的瞬态响应劣化, 扬声器的失真增加, 电声还原过程中的解析力下降。 与此同时, 在 τ铁与 下极板的九十度交汇处, 磁力线的磁密已经达到过饱和而未能充分利用, 造成磁能的进一步浪费。
具有一个磁隙和一个线圈的换能器的第四个重大缺陷是: 一般而言, 无法使用一个扬声器获得全 音域的电声还原效果。 原因是扬声器存在电感量, 其阻抗值表现为音频电流工作频率的一个函数: 频 率愈低阻抗愈低, 频率愈高阻抗愈高。 也就是说, 对于每一个传统扬声器而言, 其线圈中流过的高音 频电流有效值比低音频电流要小得多。所以, 这个扬声器在高音频段工作时产生的声压比低音频段有 明显的下降。 当然, 对于 3英寸以下的小口径扬声器而言, 由于系统的振动质量较轻, 可以借助技术 手段予以弥补。 但是, 因为扬声器的口径较小, 其 Fo必然偏高, 扬声器很难获得令人满意的低音频 效果。 对于 3英寸以上口径的扬声器而言, 由于口径加大, Fo会趋向低音频段从而改善扬声器的低 音频电声还原品质。但与此同时振动系统的质量也同步增加, 扬声器在高音频段的输出声压将在 5-10 KHz以上频段产生极大的落降。
为此, 人们只有通过分频网络将低音、 中音、 高音扬声器集合成一个扬声器系统才能获得相对满 意的电声还原效果。但是分频网络的引入不仅进一步耗用了电能, 也在分频点附近频带内带来新的高 次谐波失真。
所以, 人们试图对上述具有一个磁隙和一个线圈的传统换能器结构模式实施变革, 提出了若干种 多磁隙多线圈换能器的新技术方案。
例如, 已有技术中, 美国的 US5748760发明专禾 I」(PCT/US95/14696, W096/33592)揭示了一种使用 多功能框架的双磁隙双线圈(换能器)驱动器。 其不足之处是: 第一, 该驱动器的前极板、 后极板和钕 磁铁均设置了中央轴孔, 对迷你型 (Mini)型和中小口径的换能器而言, 必然导致钕磁铁有效尺寸和 磁能积受到不合理的限制。 所以, 在应用领域十分广泛的迷你型和中小口径扬声器系列中无法实施。 第二, US5748760专利并没有对如何制备得到具有电阻负载特性的换能器进行必要的公开和描述。第 三, 该专利应用于大功率换能器时, 由于在极板和钕磁铁的中央轴孔部位安装了引出线圈电线的中心 栓塞(a center plats ),最终导致换能器产生的巨大热量缺失直接的风动式散热通道。第四, US5748760 专利产品 (例如美国 JBL公司推出的 EON音箱中的扬声器单元)的电声转换效率与使用锶铁氧体的传 统扬声器相比并没有产生明显的提升效果。
英国 NXT公司的 PCT/GB00/01484 (CN1347628A) 专利申请同样揭示了一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式 换能器的驱动器,其不足之处是:该专利申请没有充分公开构成多磁隙多线圈驱动器的整体技术方案。 并且,已经落入 CN2333135Y专利、本发明人的 CN97205593.2专利及 PCT/CN98/00306(WO99/31931)、 CN1219834A专利申请的权利要求覆盖范围。 此外, 该专利申请采用 Welsby公式计算具有永磁铁及 铁心回路的扬声器线圈电感量的方法和结论无法成立。
本发明人提出的 CN200520035371.X专利、 PCT/CN98/00306、 CN99114781.2、 US 2005/0099255、 CN1741683A专利申请虽然也揭示了若干种具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性的多线圈多磁隙 内磁式换能器。 其不足之处是: 第一, 这些技术方案对换能器的对称磁路和对称线圈电路的技术特征 缺少完整的全面限定。第二,非导磁材料构成的托架由下而上地将整个磁路包裹在内,在一般情况下, 势必增加换能器的重量、 整体结构的复杂性和生产成本。 第三, 专利申请对如何消除换能器的反电动 势没有进行必要的充分公开和描述。 第四, 当环筒状磁性体的两个端面与上、 下极板的外侧极面齐平 时, 如附图 12所示, 必然会增加磁路的不对称性, 进而增加换能器的失真。
日本 SONY公司的 JP2006050245专利申请 (CN1735282, US2006029238, DE102005036538)揭示 了一种消除扬声器反电动势的设备和方法。 但是, 对于每一只扬声器而言, 必需额外增加三个电子放 大器构成的失真纠正电路方能提取并消除反电动势引起的信号失真。 发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是克服已有技术的不足之处, 提供若干种结构简单、 具有高灵敏度、 高解析 力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器,利用换能器本身的二组对称磁路和对称线圈电路自行消 除换能器线圈的电感量和反电动势。
本发明的第二个目的是克服已有技术的不足之处, 提供一种批量生产多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器 的制备方法。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形磁隙 和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈骨架 和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板在空 气中振动发声, 或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号, 其特征是: 所 述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述磁路具有二 块同轴安装的上极板和下极板, 一块或一块以上等厚均布的轴向充磁的永磁铁被夹持在所述上极板 和下极板之间,二块所述极板具有相同的投影面积且与所述永磁铁匹配,一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平台, 所述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的 外侧设有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽的槽底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构 成所述托架的环形薄壁,所述环形薄壁内周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定 位面, 所述环形薄壁内周面或外周面的相应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面, 所述上极板和 下极板、所述永磁铁被粘结固定在所述托架的所述圆形平台面的轴心部位上, 一个与所述上极板和下 极板、 所述永磁铁同轴安装的环筒状磁性体, 其一端与所述托架的环形薄壁的所述垂直定位面配合固 定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面限位,其另一端嵌入所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架 联结或粘接固定,所述环筒状磁性体的二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出所述上极板和下极板的外侧极 面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二组上下对称的磁隙磁路,所述环筒状磁性体的内周面与所述上极板和下 极板的垂直周面间构成二个同轴等径的环形磁隙; 在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的二个所述线圈, 所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕制而成, 二 个所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定二个所述线圈的绕向及流经线圈的电流方向, 使二个所述线圈在 同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述上极板和下极板、所述永磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述永磁铁二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴, 所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上下、 左右对 称的磁路;
规定二个所述线圈的电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值和 绕线时的张力彼此相等并由此构成以所述永磁铁二分之一轴向高度的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称 轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路,二个所述线圈的电感量及其在往复运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因 具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性的并具有 高灵敏度、 高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形磁 隙和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈骨 架和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板在 空气中振动发声, 或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号, 其特征是: 所述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述磁路具有 二块同轴安装的设有中央轴孔的上极板和下极板, 一块轴向充磁的圆环状永磁铁或一块以上等厚均 布的扇形状 /或圆片状永磁铁被夹持在所述上极板和下极板之间, 二块所述极板具有相同的投影面积 且与所述永磁铁匹配, 一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平台, 所述圆形 平台的轴心部位设有一个轴孔, 所述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的外侧设 有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽的槽底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构成所述 托架的环形薄壁, 所述环形薄壁内周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定位面, 所述环形薄壁内周面或外周面的相应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面,一个非导磁材料制成 的紧固件从所述上极板和下极板、所述永磁铁和所述托架的所述圆形轴孔穿过并将它们联结固定在所 述托架的所述圆形平台面的轴心部位上, 一个与所述上极板和下极板、所述永磁铁同轴安装的环筒状 磁性体,其一端与所述托架的环形薄壁的所述垂直定位面配合固定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面 限位, 其另一端嵌入所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架联结或粘结固定, 所述环筒状磁性体 的二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出所述上极板和下极板的外侧极面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二组上下 对称的磁隙磁路,所述环筒状磁性体的内周面与所述上极板和下极板的垂直周面间构成二个同轴等径 的环形磁隙;
在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的二个所述线圈, 所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕制而成, 二 个所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定二个所述线圈的绕向及流经线圈的电流方向, 使二个所述线圈在 同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述上极板和下极板、所述永磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述永磁铁二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴, 所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上下、 左右对称 的磁路;
规定二个所述线圈的电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值和 绕线时的张力彼此相等并由此构成以所述永磁铁二分之一轴向高度的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称 轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路,二个所述线圈的电感量及其在往复运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因 具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高 灵敏度、 高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形磁 隙和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈骨 架和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板在 空气中振动发声, 或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号, 其特征是: 所述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述框架在不 同轴向高度上设有 1个 /或 2个安装弹性阻尼板的环形平台面, 所述磁路的一块极板的两侧平面上分 别安装一块轴向充磁的永磁铁, 所述永磁铁在紧靠所述极板的一侧具有相同的极性, 二块所述永磁铁 的外侧平面又分别安装一块极板, 由此构成一对相斥型磁铁, 其同轴安装的三块所述极板具有相同的 投影面积且与二块所述永磁铁匹配, 一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平 台, 所述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的外侧设有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽 的槽底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构成所述托架的环形薄壁, 所述环形 薄壁内周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定位面,所述环形薄壁内周面或外周 面的相应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面,所述相斥型磁铁被粘结固定在所述托架的所述圆 形平台面的轴心部位上, 一个与所述相斥型磁铁同轴安装的环筒状磁性体, 其一端与所述托架的环形 薄壁的所述垂直定位面配合固定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面限位,其另一端嵌入所述框架底部 的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架联结或粘结固定,所述环筒状磁性体的二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出 所述相斥型磁铁的外侧极板的外侧极面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二组上下对称的磁隙磁路,所述环筒 状磁性体的内周面与所述相斥型磁铁的所述极板的垂直周面间构成三个同轴等径的环形磁隙;
在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的三个所述线圈, 所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕制而成, 三 个所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定三个所述线圈的绕向及流经线圈的电流方向, 使三个所述线圈在 同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述相斥型磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述相斥型磁铁的居中极板的二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴, 所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上下、 左右对称 的磁路;
当位于外侧的二个所述线圈 309A及 309C从振膜外侧方向视入时具有顺时针绕向, 居中的一个 线圈 309B 必须具有反时针绕向, 反之亦然, 所述线圈 309A的尾端 YA与所述线圈 309B 的首端 XB串接,所述线圈 309B的尾端 YB与所述线圈 309C的首端 XC串接,所述线圈 309C的尾端 YC沿 所述线圈骨架垂直引上与所述线圈 309A的首端 XA构成所述换能器的一对信号输入端子, 规定三个 所述线圈 309A、 309B和 309C的电磁线横截面积、 绕线时的张力彼此相等, 规定所述线圈 309A和 309C的线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值彼此相等, 规定所述线圈 309B的线圈 圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值与所述线圈 309A和 309C的线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、线圈电感量的绝对值之和彼此相等, 由此构成以所述居中极板的二分之一轴向高度的等分 线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路,三个所述线圈的电感量及其在往复运动过 程中感应得到的反电动势因具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特性或近 似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、 高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形磁隙 和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈骨架 和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板在空 气中振动发声, 或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号, 其特征是: 所 述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述框架在不同 轴向高度上设有 1个 /或 2个安装弹性阻尼板的环形平台面, 所述磁路的一块极板的两侧平面上分别 安装一块轴向充磁的永磁铁, 所述永磁铁在紧靠所述极板的一侧具有相同的极性, 二块所述永磁铁的 外侧平面又分别安装一块极板, 由此构成一对相斥型磁铁, 其同轴安装的三块极板具有相同的投影面 积且与二块所述永磁铁匹配, 一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平台, 所 述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的外侧设有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽的槽底 设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构成所述托架的环形薄壁, 所述环形薄壁内 周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定位面,所述环形薄壁内周面或外周面的相 应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面,所述相斥型磁铁被粘结固定在所述托架的所述圆形平台 面的轴心部位上, 一个与所述相斥型磁铁同轴安装的环筒状磁性体, 其一端与所述托架的环形薄壁的 所述垂直定位面配合固定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面限位,其另一端嵌入所述框架底部的所述 圆形轴孔且与所述框架联结或粘结固定,所述环筒状磁性体的二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出所述相 斥型磁铁的外侧极板的外侧极面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二组上下对称的磁隙磁路,所述环筒状磁性 体的内周面与所述相斥型磁铁的所述极板的垂直周面间构成三个同轴等径的环形磁隙; 在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的三个所述线圈, 所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕制而成, 三 个所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定三个所述线圈的绕向及流经线圈的电流方向, 使三个所述线圈在 同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述相斥型磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述相斥型磁铁的居中极板的二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴, 所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上下、 左右对 称的磁路;
当位于外侧的二个所述线圈 309A '' 及 309C '' 从振膜外侧方向视入时具有顺时针绕向, 居中的一 个所述线圈 309B '' 必须具有反时针绕向, 反之亦然, 规定在所述线圈 309B ' 的 1/2圈数处设置一个 中心抽头 YB'并由此构成二个等分的线圈 309B1 ' 及 309B2 ' , 所述线圈 309A ' 的尾端 YA ' 与所述 线圈 309B1 ' 的首端 XB1 ' 串接, 所述线圈 309C ' 的首端 XC ' 与所述线圈 309B2 ' 的尾端 YB2 ' 串 接, 所述线圈 309C ' 的尾端 YC ' 与所述线圈 309A' 的首端 XA ' 并联连接后与所述线圈 309B ' 的 中心抽头端子 YB'沿所述线圈骨架垂直引上构成所述换能器的一对信号输入端子, 规定所述线圈 309A ' 与所述线圈 309B1 ' 以及所述线圈 309C ' 与所述线圈 309B2 ' 的电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线 圈卷幅、线圈电阻、线圈电感量的绝对值和绕线时的张力彼此相等并由此构成以所述居中极板二分之 一轴向高度的二分之一等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路, 4个所述线圈 的电感量及其在往复运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是 一个具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈 内磁式换能器。
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形磁隙 和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈骨架 和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板在空 气中振动发声, 或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号, 其特征是: 所 述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述框架在不同 轴向高度上设有 1个 /或 2个安装弹性阻尼板的环形平台面, 所述磁路的一块极板的两侧平面上分别 安装一块轴向充磁的永磁铁, 所述永磁铁在紧靠所述极板的一侧具有相同的极性, 二块所述永磁铁的 外侧平面又分别安装一块极板, 由此构成二对或二对以上相斥型磁铁, 其同轴安装的 4块 /或 4块以 上极板具有相同的投影面积且与 3块 /或 3块以上所述永磁铁匹配, 一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其 轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平台, 所述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的外 侧设有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽的槽底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构成 所述托架的环形薄壁,所述环形薄壁内周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定位 面, 所述环形薄壁内周面或外周面的相应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面, 所述相斥型磁铁 被粘结固定在所述托架的所述圆形平台面的轴心部位上,一个与所述相斥型磁铁同轴安装的环筒状磁 性体,其一端与所述托架的环形薄壁的所述垂直定位面配合固定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面限 位, 其另一端嵌入所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架联结或粘结固定, 所述环筒状磁性体的 二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出所述相斥型磁铁的外侧极板的外侧极面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二组 上下对称的磁隙磁路, 所述环筒状磁性体的内周面与所述相斥型磁铁的所述极板的垂直周面间构成 4 个 /或 4个以上同轴等径的环形磁隙;
在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的 4个 /或 4个以上所述线圈,所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕 制而成, 4个 /或 4个以上所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定 4个 /或 4个以上所述线圈的绕向及流经 线圈的电流方向, 使 4个 /或 4个以上所述线圈在同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述相斥型磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述相斥型磁铁的居中永磁铁 /或居中极板的二分 之一轴向高度的等分线 X― X轴线为水平对称轴,所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上 下、 左右对称的磁路;
当位于外侧的二个所述线圈 609A及 609D从振膜外侧方向视入时分别具有顺时针绕向及反时针 绕向, 居中的二个所述线圈 609B 及 609C必须对应具有反时针绕向及顺时针绕向, 反之亦然, 所述 线圈 609A的尾端 YA 与所述线圈 609B的首端 XB串接,所述线圈 609B的尾端 YB与所述线圈 609C 的首端 XC串接, 所述线圈 609C的尾端 YC与所述线圈 609D的首端 XD串接, 所述线圈 609D的尾 端 YD沿所述线圈骨架垂直引上与所述线圈 609A的首端 XA构成所述换能器的一对信号输入端子, 规定 4个所述线圈 609A与 609D及 609B与 609C的电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电 阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值、 绕线时的张力彼此相等, 由此构成以所述居中永磁铁的二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路, 4个所述线圈的电感量及其在往复 运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特 性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、 高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 其特征是: 所述永磁铁是钕铁硼磁铁。
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 其特征是: 所述托架用铝合金、 非导磁不锈钢、 或工程塑料制 成。
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器的制备方法:
一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 01, 其一端具有内径 1D1及高度 1H1和同轴的内径 1D2及高度 1H2, 内径 1D1比内径 1D2小 0.01-0.5毫米, 高度 1H1比所述永磁铁的厚度小 0.1-2毫米, 高度 1H2 与所述极板的厚度相当, 管段 1H1及 1H2具有光滑整齐的内圆面且与管状工装 01的中心轴线具有垂 直相交的水平定位面 0110、 0120和 0130;
将所述换能器的一块所述永磁鉄嵌入管状工装 01的具有内径 1D1的管段内并被水平定位面 0110 限位, 内径 1D1较所述永磁铁的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米配合公差, 将所述换能器的一块所述板板 嵌入具有内径 1D2的所述管段内, 内径 1D2较所述极板的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米的配合公差, 在 所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施加挤压力, 待粘结剂固化后撤去管状工 装 01, 由此获得同轴粘固的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板;
一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 02, 其一端为具有内径 2D1和高度 2H1的薄壁管段, 内径 2D1 较所述极板 /和所述托架的所述内凸圆形平台的外圆直径具有正 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合公差, 所述管段 2H1 比所述换能器的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁的总厚度相当或略小一些且具有光滑 整齐的内外圆面, 管状工装 02的中心轴线具有垂直相交的水平定位面 0210和 0220;
将同轴粘固的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板嵌入具有内径 2D1 的管段内并使永磁铁的一面朝 向外侧,然后嵌入第二块所述极板并在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施加 挤压力, 所述极板与所述永磁铁被管状工装 02的水平定位面 0210限位, 待粘结剂固化后撤去管状工 装 02, 获得同轴粘固的 2块所述极板和一块夹持在内的所述永磁铁;
用合适的充磁机对同轴粘固的所述永磁铁和所述极板 /或单独对永磁铁充磁极化, 再利用管状工 装 01和 02的交替操作, 即可制备得到具有 3- 4块所述极板和 2- 3块永磁铁同轴粘固的所述相斥型 磁铁;
一个非导磁材料构成的所述托架 03,其轴心部位设有内凸的圆形平台,所述圆形平台的外径 3D1 比所述极板的直径小 0.01-0.05毫米负公差且较管状工装 02的内径 2D1具有负 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合 公差, 所述托架的所述环形薄壁的的相应轴向高度上还设有一个光滑整齐的水平定位面 0330, 所述 环形薄壁的内圆直径 3D2较所述环筒状磁性体的外径有正 0.1- 2毫米配合公差, 在内凸圆形平台面 0300上涂布粘结剂, 然后将已经同轴粘固并充磁极化的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁置 放于其上并嵌入管状工装 02的内壁, 管状工装 02的内壁与内凸圆形平台的垂直外圆面 0310滑配固 定, 其水平定位面 0210则紧压在所述极板的外侧极面上并施加挤压力, 待粘结剂固化后所述极板和 所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁被粘结定位在所述托架圆形平台面 0300的轴心部位上;
在所述托架的水平定位面 0330或垂直定位面 0320上预先涂布粘结剂,将所述换能器的所述环筒 状磁性体从管状工装 02的外侧端部 2D3处套入并沿管段的光滑外圆面向内侧滑行至所述永磁铁的极 化区域时, 人为控制环筒状磁性体的滑行速度并最终被所述托架的水平定位面 0330限位, 待粘结剂 固化后撤去管状工装 02, 由此制备得到二组 /或二组以上所述对称磁路以及二个或二个以上同轴等径 的所述环形磁隙;
将所述环筒状磁性体的上端部嵌入一个所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架底部的凸缘 内侧圆孔用粘结剂粘结固定 /或联结固定, 在所述环形磁隙内插入线圈骨架和二个或二个以上的所述 线圈, 在所述框架内依次粘结 1个 /或 2个弹性阻尼板、 线圈骨架、 振膜或平面发声板, 由此制备得 到具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内 磁式换能器。
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器的制备方法:
所述多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器的所述极板和所述永磁铁的轴心部位处具有直径相等的中央轴 孔;
一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 01, 其一端具有内径 1D1及高度 1H1和同轴的内径 1D2及高度 1H2, 内径 1D1比内径 1D2小 0.01-0.5毫米, 高度 1H1比所述永磁铁的厚度小 0.1-2毫米, 高度 1H2 与所述极板的厚度相当, 管段 1H1及 1H2具有光滑整齐的内圆面且与管状工装 01的中心轴线具有垂 直相交的水平定位面 0110、 0120和 0130;
将所述换能器的一块所述永磁鉄嵌入管状工装 01的具有内径 1D1的管段内并被水平定位面 0110 限位, 内径 1D1较所述永磁铁的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米配合公差, 将所述换能器的一块所述板板 嵌入具有内径 1D2的所述管段内, 内径 1D2较所述极板的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米的配合公差, 在 所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施加挤压力, 待粘结剂固化后撤去管状工 装 01, 由此获得同轴粘固的、 具有中央轴孔的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板;
一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 02, 其一端为具有内径 2D1和高度 2H1的薄壁管段, 内径 2D1 较所述极板 /和所述托架的所述内凸圆形平台的外圆直径具有正 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合公差, 所述管段 2H1 比所述换能器的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁的总厚度相当或略小一些且具有光滑 整齐的内外圆面, 管状工装 02的中心轴线具有垂直相交的水平定位面 0210和 0220;
将同轴粘固的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板嵌入具有内径 2D1 的管段内并使永磁铁的一面朝 向外侧,然后嵌入第二块所述极板并在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施加 挤压力, 所述极板与所述永磁铁被管状工装 02的水平定位面 0210限位, 待粘结剂固化后撤去管状工 装 02, 获得同轴粘固的、 具有中央轴孔的 2块所述极板和一块夹持在内的所述永磁铁;
用合适的充磁机对同轴粘固的所述永磁铁和所述极板 /或单独对永磁铁充磁极化, 再利用管状工 装 01和 02的交替操作, 即可制备得到具有 3- 4块所述极板和 2- 3块永磁铁同轴粘固的所述相斥型 磁铁;
一个非导磁材料构成的所述托架 04, 其轴心部位设有内凸的圆形平台, 在所述圆形平台的轴线 部位设有一个与所述极板和所述永磁铁轴孔匹配的中央轴孔和关连的四角形或六角形凹孔,所述圆形 平台的外径 4D1比所述极板的直径小 0.01-0.05毫米负公差且较管状工装 02的内径 2D1具有负 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合公差,所述托架的所述环形薄壁的的相应轴向高度上还设有一个光滑整齐的水平定位 面 0430, 所述环形薄壁的内圆直径 4D2较所述环筒状磁性体的外径有 0.1- 2毫米正公差, 在内凸圆 形平台面 0400上涂布粘结剂,然后将已经同轴粘固并充磁极化的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥 型磁铁置放于其上并嵌入管状工装 02的内壁,管状工装 02的内壁与内凸圆形平台的垂直外圆面 0410 滑配固定, 与此同时在所述极板、所述永磁铁和所述托架的中央轴孔处插入直径匹配的非导磁材料紧 固件, 并使工装 02的水平定位面 0210紧压在所述极板的外侧极面上而产生挤压力, 待粘结剂固化后 所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁被粘结定位在所述托架圆形平台面 0400的轴心部位上; 在所述托架的水平定位面 0430或垂直定位面 0320上预先涂布粘结剂,将所述换能器的所述环筒 状磁性体从管状工装 02的外侧端部 2D3处套入并沿管段的光滑外圆面向内侧滑行至所述永磁铁的极 化区域时, 人为控制环筒状磁性体的滑行速度并最终被所述托架的水平定位面 0430限位, 待粘结剂 固化后撤去管状工装 02, 由此制备得到二组 /或二组以上所述对称磁路以及二个或二个以上同轴等径 的所述环形磁隙;
将所述环筒状磁性体的上端部嵌入一个所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架底部的凸缘 内侧圆孔用粘结剂粘结固定 /或联结固定, 在所述环形磁隙内插入线圈骨架和二个或二个以上的所述 线圈, 在所述框架内依次粘结 1个 /或 2个弹性阻尼板、 线圈骨架、 振膜或平面发声板, 由此制备得 到具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内 磁式换能器。 附图说明
1.图 1示出了本发明实施例 1的纵剖面图。
2.图 2示出了本发明实施例 1的背视图。
3.图 3示出了本发明实施例 2的纵剖面图。
4.图 4示出了本发明实施例 3的纵剖面图。
5.图 5示出了本发明实施例 4的纵剖面图。
6.图 6示出了本发明实施例 5的纵剖面图。
7.图 7示出了本发明实施例 6的纵剖面图。
8.图 8示出了本发明实施例 7的纵剖面图。
9.图 9示出了本发明实施例 8的纵剖面图。
10.图 10-A、 10-B示出了本发明实施例 9的极板与永磁铁单元纵剖面图。
11. 图 11示出了本发明实施例 10的纵剖面图。
12. 图 12示出了已有技术扬声器外侧极板的磁隙磁力线分布示意图。
13. 图 13示出了本发明扬声器外侧极板的磁隙磁力线分布示意图。
14. 图 14-A、 14-B、 14-C、 14_D示出了本发明二组对称线圈电路中音频信号和反电动势的波形 示意图。
15. 图 15示出了本发明双磁隙双线圈换能器线圈电路的原理接线图。
16. 图 16示出了本发明三磁隙三线圈线圈电路的第一种原理接线图。
17. 图 16示出了本发明三磁隙三线圈线圈电路的第二种原理接线图。
18. 图 18示出了本发明四磁隙四线圈线圈电路的原理接线图
19. 图 19示出了本发明管状工装 01的纵剖面图。
20. 图 20示出了本发明管状工装 02的纵剖面图。
21. 图 21示出了本发明所述托架 03的纵剖面图。
22. 图 22示出了本发明所述托架 03的纵剖面图。 23. 图 23示出了已有技术单磁隙单线圈换能器音频电流与反电动势工作原理示意图。
24. 图 24 示出了本发明具有对称磁路和对称线圈电路的多磁隙多线圈换能器音频电流与反电 动势工作原理示意图。 本发明主要元件与标号对应关系如下:
极面 - 100-900; 框架 - 101-901; 框架环形平台—— 1013~9013; 框架安装螺孔—— 1061~7061; 框架凸缘—— 1011~9011; 极板—— 103~903; 永磁铁 - 102-902; 环筒状磁性体 - 113-913; 环形磁隙—— 110-910;
环形磁隙磁力线—— 1991-9991; 线圈—— 109-909; 线圈骨架—— 107~907; 托架 - 181-981; 托架内凸圆形平台—— 1118~9118; 托架内凸圆形平台面—— 11180~91180; 托架环形薄壁垂直定位面 1820-9820; 托架水平定位面—— 1810~9810; 粘结剂—— 1811-9811; 弹性阻尼板—— 141~941; 振膜—— 106-906;
防尘帽—— 105-905; 悬边—— 199-999; 环形凹槽—— 1631-9631; 穿透气孔—— 182-982; 内凹型振膜纸托或粘结剂—— 107~907/ 10700~90700; 非导磁材料紧固件 160-960; 具体实施方式
图 1示出了本发明实施例 1的纵剖面图。 这是一个双磁隙双线圈内磁式扬声器的实施例。
上极板 103A和下极板 103B是二块厚度相等、 投影面积相等、 同轴安装的圆形平板, 一块与之匹配的 钕铁硼磁铁 102被夹持在元件 103A和元件 103B之间。一个铝合金制作的托架 181的轴心部位设有一 个内凸的圆形平台 1118, 它具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 其直径比元件 103A和 103B的直径小 0.01- 0.05毫米负公差。 元件 1118的外侧设有环形凹槽 1631, 在槽底设有 12个均匀布置的穿透气孔 182, 元件 1631 的外侧是托架的环形薄壁, 它具有光滑整齐的内外圆垂直面。 在托架环形薄壁的一定轴向 高度上还设有一个光滑整齐的水平定位面 1810和一个垂直定位面 1820。
在元件 1118的水平台面 11180上涂布粘结剂, 将已经同轴粘固在一起并充磁极化的元件 103A、 元件 102和元件 103B放置于上,然后把一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装嵌入元件 1118的外圆垂直面 和元件 103A、元件 102和元件 103B的外圆垂直面上以确保后者被安装定位在元件 11180的轴心部位。 待粘结剂固化后, 将环筒状磁性体 113 套装于该工装的外圆表面并由外侧向内侧滑行, 一直到元件 113的下端面被元件 181的水平定位面 1810限位为止, 元件 113与元件 181被预先涂布的粘结剂粘 结固定。 待粘结剂固化后撤去所述工装。 此时, 元件 113的二个上下端面分别与元件 103A和 103B的 外极面具有相同的 H值 (0. 5-20毫米), 元件 113的内周面与元件 103A和 103B的垂直周面间构成二 个同轴等径的环形磁隙 110A和 110B。元件 113的上端部被嵌入塑料框架底部的圆形轴孔内,元件 113 的外壁被粘结剂与框架底部的凸缘 1011粘结固定。
在所述环形磁隙中插入线圈骨架 107和同轴安装的二个线圈 109A和 109B, 这二个线圈由 1_2层 电磁线绕制而成, 例如从振膜 106方向视入时, 设定线圈 109A为顺时针绕向, 线圈 109B为反时针绕 向(反之亦然)。 规定线圈 109A和线圈 109B的电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线 圈电感量的绝对值、绕线时的张力彼此相等,由此构成以元件 102的二分之一轴向高度的等分线 X-— X 轴线为水平对称轴、 以元件 103A、 元件 102和元件 103B的中心轴线为垂直对称轴的二组在几何形状 和磁性能方面上下、 左右对称的磁路及线圈电路。 所述的二组线圈电路原理接线图请参见本发明图 15所示。
再将弹性阻尼板 141、 线圈骨架 107、 振膜 106及悬边 199、 框架 101分别粘结固定在一起, 由 此,本发明实施例 1的二组线圈 109A和 109B的电感量及其在往复式运动过程中感应得到的反电动势 因具有 180度相位角而互相抵消。
参照图 13所示, 若元件 103A和元件 103B的外侧极面与元件 113的二个端面间的距离为 H值且 大于零时, 只要根据换能器的口径和磁路适当选择 H值, 即可获得以元件 103A和元件 103B二分之一 轴向高度的等分线 Z-—Z轴线为对称轴的二组磁隙对称磁路,磁隙中的磁力线 1991如图 13所示, 由 此, 本发明实施例所述扬声器是一个具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、 高保 真度、 高解析力的多磁隙多线圈换能器。
图 3示出了本发明实施例 2的纵剖面图。 这是一个双磁隙双线圈内磁式扬声器的实施例。
与图 1实施例 1不同的是: 实施例 2的圆锥形振膜 206及防尘帽 205代替了实施例 1的内凹型振膜 106。 由此可见, 本实施例 2的此种结构型式比较适合各种口径的锥形盆扬声器。
除上述外, 本实施例 2与图 1实施例 1的结构、 工作原理、 说明书内容完全相同, 本发明不再予 以重复描述。
图 4示出了本发明实施例 3的纵剖面图。 这是一个双磁隙双线圈内磁式扬声器的实施例。
一个非导磁材料例如铝合金制成的圆形套筒 4012代替了本发明实施例 1所述托架的环形薄壁的一部 分, 元件 4012内壁的上段与环筒状磁性体 413或托架 481的所述环形薄壁作过盈配合, 托架 481的 环形薄壁的顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定位面 4810, 元件 4012内壁的下端部嵌入元件 481的环形 薄壁外周面并用粘结剂粘结固定。 由此可见, 本实施例 3只是本发明实施例 1所述托架的一种等值变 换: 元件 4012实质上是托架 481的环形薄壁的一种扩展而已。 除上述外, 本实施例 3与图 1实施例 1及图 3实施例 2的结构、 工作原理、 说明书内容完全相同, 本发明不再予以重复描述。
图 5示出了本发明实施例 4的纵剖面图。 这是一个三磁隙三线圈内磁式扬声器的实施例。
在一块圆形极板 303B的两侧平面上分别安装一块轴向充磁的钕铁硼磁铁 302A和 302B, 在永磁 铁 302A和 302B的外侧面又分别安装一块圆形极板 303A和 303C, 二块永磁铁的极性 (N极和 S极)如 图 5所示, 三块极板具有相同的投影面积且与二块永磁铁匹配, 元件 303A和 303C的厚度相等, 元件 303B的厚度较元件 303A的厚度足够大以确保流过它的磁力线不致饱和。 由此构成一对同轴安装的相 斥型磁铁。 将上述相斥型磁铁置放于预先涂布粘结剂的铝合金托架 381的内凸圆形平台面 31180上, 再通过必要的工装确保元件 303A、元件 302A、元件 303B、元件 302B、元件 303C与环筒状磁性体 313 被同轴安装在元件 31180的轴心部位上。此时, 元件 313的二个上下端面分别与元件 303A和 303c的 外极面具有相同的 H值 (0. 5-20毫米), 元件 313的内周面与元件 303A、 元件 303B、 元件 303C的垂 直周面间构成同轴等径的三个环形磁隙 310A、 310B和 310C。元件 313的上端部与框架的内凸缘 3011 构成的圆面及平面粘结固定。 元件 313的下端部嵌入托架 381的水平定位面 3810和垂直定位面 3820 并用粘结剂粘结固定。 撤去工装后在所述环形磁隙中插入线圈骨架 307和同轴安装的三个线圈 309A、 309B和 309C, 这三个线圈由 1-2层电磁线绕制而成, 例如从振膜 306方向视入时, 设定线圈 309A和 309C为顺时针绕向, 线圈 309B为反时针绕向(反之亦然)。 元件 309A的尾端 YA与元件 309B的首端 XB串接, 元件 309B的尾端 YB与元件 309C的首端 XC串接, 元件 309C的尾端 YC沿元件 307垂直引上 与元件 309A的首端 XA构成所述换能器的一对信号输入端子, 规定元件 309A、 元件 309B和元件 309C 的电磁线横截面积、 绕线时的张力彼此相等, 规定元件 309A和元件 309C的线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线 圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值彼此相等, 规定元件 309B的线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电 感量的绝对值与元件 309A和 309C的线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值之和彼此 相等, 由此构成以所述相斥型磁铁中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以元件 303B的二分之一轴向高度的等分 线 X-X轴线为水平对称轴的二组对称磁路和二组对称线圈电路。 具体的磁路结构和三个线圈的电路 原理接线图请分别参见本发明图 16A和图 16B所示的三磁隙三线圈扬声器的第一种原理接线图。
再将弹性阻尼板 341、 线圈骨架 307、 振膜 306及悬边 399、 防尘帽 305、 框架 301分别粘结固定 在一起, 由此, 本发明实施例 4的三个线圈 309A、 309B和 309C的电感量及其在往复式运动过程中感 应得到的反电动势因具有 180度相位角而互相抵消。本发明实施例 4所述的扬声器是一个具有电阻负 载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、 高保真度、 高解析力的多磁隙多线圈换能器。
除上述外, 本实施例 4与图 1实施例 1的基本结构、 工作原理、 相关说明书内容相同, 本发明不 再予以重复描述。
图 17-A、 17-B示出了本发明实施例 5所述二组对称线圈电路的第二种原理接线图。 这是又一个 三磁隙三线圈内磁式扬声器的实施例。
本实施例 4与图 8实施例 7具有相同的框架、磁路结构和相关说明书内容, 唯一不同的是三个线 圈的接线方式:
当位于外侧的二个线圈 309A '' 及 309C ' 从振膜外侧方向视入时具有顺时针绕向, 居中的一个线 圈 309B ' 必须具有反时针绕向, 反之亦然, 规定在线圈 309B ' 的 1/2圈数处设置一个中心抽头 YB' 并由此构成二个等分的线圈 309B 1 ' 及 309B2 ' , 线圈 309A ' 的尾端 YA ' 与线圈 309B 1 ' 的首端 XB1 ' 串接, 线圈 309C ' 的首端 XC ' 与线圈 309B2 ' 的尾端 YB2 ' 串接, 线圈 309C ' 的尾端 YC ' 与线圈 309A ' 的首端 XA ' 并联连接后与线圈 309B ' 的中心抽头端子 YB'沿线圈骨架 307垂直引上构 成所述换能器的一对信号输入端子, 规定线圈 309A ' 与线圈 309B 1 ' /线圈 309C ' 与线圈 309B2 ' 的 电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值、 绕线时的张力彼此相等并 由此构成以居中极板 303B二分之一轴向高度的等分线 X— - X轴线为水平对称轴的二组上下对称的 线圈电路, 4个所述线圈的电感量以及在往复运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因具有 180度相位角而 互相抵消, 所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、 高解析力和 高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。
除上述外, 本实施例 7与图 5实施例 4的结构、 工作原理、 相关说明书内容相同, 本发明不再予 以重复描述。
图 6示出了本发明实施例 5的纵剖面图。 这是一个四磁隙四线圈内磁式扬声器的实施例。
所述框架是一个铝合金构成的框架 601, 框架 601的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 框架 601在不 同的轴向高度上设有安装 2个弹性阻尼板 641的环形平台面。 所述磁路的一块极板 603B的两侧平面 上分别安装一块轴向充磁的钕铁硼磁铁 602A和 602B , 上述永磁铁在紧靠极板 603B的一侧具有相同 的 S极极性, 二块永磁铁 602A和 602B的外侧平面又分别安装一块极板 603A和 603C, 在极板 603C 的外侧再安装钕铁硼永磁铁 602C, 在元件 602C的外侧再安装极板 603D, 由此构成二对以上相斥型 磁铁, (它们的极性请参阅图 6所示)同轴安装的 4块极板具有相同的投影面积且与 3块钕铁硼磁铁匹 配。 一个铝合金制作的托架 681 及一个与所述极板和所述永磁铁同轴安装的环筒状磁性体……, 以 及框架 601、 弹性阻尼板 641、 振膜 606、 悬边 699的结构、 安装, 以及极板 603A和 603D外侧极面 与环筒状磁性体二个端面构成磁隙对称磁路等内容请参阅图 1实施例 1及图 5实施例 4的说明而不再 重复描述。
所述环筒状磁性体 613的内周面与所述 4块极板的垂直周面间构成 4个同轴等径的环形磁隙, 由 此插入线圈骨架 607及同轴安装的 4个线圈, 所述线圈由 1层电磁线绕制而成。
当位于外侧的二个线圈 609A和 609D 从振膜外侧方向视入时分别具有顺时针绕向及反时针绕 向,居中的二个所述线圈 609B和 609C必须对应具有反时针绕向及顺时针绕向,反之亦然, 线圈 609A 的尾端 YA 与线圈 609B的首端 XB串接, 线圈 609B的尾端 YB与线圈 609C的首端 XC串接, 线圈 609C的尾端 YC与线圈 609D的首端 XD串接, 线圈 609D的尾端 YD沿线圈骨架 607垂直引上与线 圈 609A的首端 XA构成所述换能器的一对信号输入端子,规定 4个线圈 609A与 609D/ 609B与 609C 的电磁线横截面积、线圈圈数、线圈卷幅、线圈电阻、线圈电感量的绝对值、绕线时的张力彼此相等, 由此构成以所述居中永磁铁 602B的二分之一轴向高度的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴的二组上 下对称的线圈电路, 4个所述线圈的电感量以及在往复运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因具有 180度 相位角而互相抵消, 所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、 高 解析力和高保真度的四磁隙四线圈内磁式换能器。
需要特别指出的是: 按照本实施例 5规定的上述原则, 还可以增加相应的极板、 永磁铁和线圈, 由此获得具有 5-10个磁隙和 5-10个线圈的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。这时, 所有顺时针绕向和反 时针绕向的线圈可以并联连接到粘贴在线圈骨架上的二条铜箔之上, 又如本发明人在 CN2437092Y专 利文件中阐述的那个技术方案: 5个或 5个以上线圈的并联电感对换能器高频段和反电动势的影响很 容易达到忽略不计的程度。
图 7示出了本发明实施例 6的纵剖面图。 这是一个双磁隙双线圈内磁式扬声器的实施例。
与图 1、 图 3、 图 4诸实施例不同: 本实施例 6的上极板 703A、 下极板 703B、 钕铁硼磁铁 702和铝合 金制成的托架 781的内凸圆形平台 7118均设有一个中央轴孔, 元件 703A、 元件 702和元件 703B被 同轴粘固, 一个非导磁材料紧固件 760例如 1 Cr18Ni9Ti组分制成的无缝不锈钢管管段插入上述 4个 轴孔。 同时必须这样选择紧固件的长度: 借助专用工具将不锈钢管紧固件的二个端部胀铆成为外翻的 喇叭口形状并紧压在上极板 703A、永磁铁 702、 下极板 703B和元件 7118之上并将它们联结成为一个 整体。
由于本实施例的元件 760是一根空心的不锈钢管管段,它可以为所述换能器提供一个良好的通风 散热通道。 因此适宜应用于大口径的专业扬声器或大功率的机电换能器。
毫无疑问, 为了达到相同的目的, 还可以在一根适当长度的不锈钢管管段的一个或二个端部的外 表面上设置外圆螺紋,借助非导磁材料制成的螺母、垫圈和粘结剂将元件 703A、元件 702和元件 703B 紧紧地固定在元件 7118的轴心部位上。
除上述外, 本实施例 6与图 1实施例 1的结构、 工作原理、 相关说明书内容相同, 本发明不再予 以重复描述。
图 12示出了已有技术扬声器外侧极板的磁隙磁力线分布示意图。
图 12实质上是本发明图 1实施例 1的一个节点放大示意图。元件 103A是换能器的一块外侧极板, 其 二分之一轴向高度的水平等分线为 Z— -Z轴线。 由图 12可见, 此时的极板外侧极面与环状磁性体的 端面齐平, 即相当于图 1标示的 H值 =0。环形磁隙 110A中的永磁磁力线 1991在 Z— -Z轴线的两侧呈 现不对称状态。 如果在磁隙中插入图 1所示的线圈 109A, 该线圈的二分之一轴向高度的水平等分线 与 τ---τ轴线重叠。 当线圈 109A中流过音频信号电流时, 其在 Ζ-— ζ轴线上部与下部的永磁磁力线 分布形状不同密度不等, 因而线圈 109A的 τ---τ轴线上部和下部将产生不同的电动力 F, 使线圈受 到扭曲变形从而增加扬声器的失真。
图 13示出了本发明外侧极板的磁隙磁力线分布示意图。
这时 H 0. 5毫米,该 H值与换能器尤其是扬声器的口径及永磁铁的几何尺寸及磁能积有密切的关系。 由图 13可见, 在 Z -— Z轴钱的两侧, 永磁磁力线 1991始终呈对称状态, 图 12所示的已有技术缺陷 得到了必要的纠正。
图 14A- 14D示出了本发明二组对称线圈电路中音频信号和反电动势的波形示意图。
其中, 图 14A示出了本发明诸实施例中换能器 X-— X轴线一侧的线圈(例如图 1的元件 109A)内 输入一个正弦波音频电流信号的波形及其在过零点感应得到的反电动势尖脉冲波形。图 B示出了本 发明诸实施例中换能器 X-— X轴线另一侧的线圈(例如图 1的元件 109B)内输入一个正弦波音频电流 信号波形及其在过零点感应得到的反电动势尖脉冲波形。 由上述两图可见, 二个正弦波音频电流信号 具有 180度相位角, 符合本发明的实施规定。 图 14C示出了本发明诸实施例中换能器 X-— X轴线一侧 的线圈(例如图 1 的元件 109A)内感应得到的反电动势尖脉冲波形。 图 14D示出了本发明诸实施例中 换能器 X-— X轴线另一侧的线圈(例如图 1 的元件 109B)内感应得到的反电动势尖脉冲波形。 由于 Z— Z轴线两侧的二个线圈的绕向相反, 因此, 同一个扬声器内二个线圈所感应得到的反电动势因具 有 180度相位角而相互抵消为零。
图 19示出了本发明管状工装 01实施例的纵剖面图。
本实施例采用具有非导磁特性的 lCrl8Ni9Ti组分的一根无缝不锈钢管, 其总高度为 1H, 内径 1D1比 所述钕铁硼磁铁的直径大 0. 02- 0. 05毫米, 高度 1H1比所述钕铁硼磁铁的厚度小 0. 1- 2毫米。 内径 1D2比所述极板的直径大 0. 02- 0. 05毫米, 高度 1H2与所述极板的厚度大致相当。 内径 1D3使高度 1H2的管段薄壁具有足够的刚度。 图 20示出了本发明管状工装 02的实施例纵剖面图。
本实施例中采用具有非导磁特性的 lCrl8Ni9Ti组分的一根无缝不锈钢管, 其总高度为 2H, 内径 2D1 比所述极板或所述内凸圆形平台的外圆直径大 0. 02-0. 05毫米,高度 2H1比所述换能器的所述极板和 所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁的总厚度大致相当或略小一些。 外径 2D2 比所述换能器的所述环筒状 磁性体的外径小 0. 02-0. 03毫米。 管状工装的另一端具有一个较小的外径 2D3, 它比所述环筒状磁性 体的内径小 1-5 毫米。
图 21示出了本发明所述托架 03的实施例纵剖面图。
本实施例托架由铝合金制成。 托架内凸圆形平台具有安装水平面 0300和光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 其 直径 3D1比所述换能器的所述极板的直径小 0. 02- 0. 03毫米。 垂直外圆面的外侧设有环形凹槽, 凹 槽的槽底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔。环形凹槽的外侧构成托架的环形薄壁, 环形薄壁的顶部 具有光滑整齐的水平定位面, 环形薄壁内周面的一定轴向高度上设有光滑整齐的水平定位面 0330和 垂直定位面 0320。环型薄壁的内圆直径 3D2比所述环筒状磁性体的外径大 0. 1-2毫米。在图 1至图 9 中, 托架分别具有对应的元件编号 181-981。
图 8示出了本发明实施例 7的纵剖面图。
这是一个三磁隙三线圈内磁式扬声器实施例。就磁路和电路而言: 图 8与图 5的实施例 4的结构和工 作原理完全相同, 因此, 在图 8中略去框架、 振膜、 弹波、 线圈、 线圈骨架等元件未予标绘。 与图 5 不同的是: 在本实施例中, 居中极板 803B由二块与外侧极板 803A和 803C等厚、 等径的极板构成。 例如图 10-A所标示的那样:以永磁铁 802A的轴向高度二分之一的 X-X水平轴线为对称轴,构成一组 上下对称的极板与永磁铁单元, 其极性如图 10-A所示。 将二组这样的单元粘结充磁, 使该二组单元 的 S极极板的极面并粘结在一起, 由此, 构成图 8所示的由二组单元构成相斥型磁铁的三磁隙三线圈 扬声器。 对于某些磁力十分强大的大功率换能器而言, 或者出于安装与充磁工艺的进一步简化, 图 8 所示的极板、 永磁铁和托架内凸平台都设有一个等径的中央轴孔 8700, 一根非导磁材料紧固件例如 釆用 lCrl8Ni9Ti组分制成的螺钉 8710从所述中央轴孔穿过,螺母 871被嵌入托架内凸圆形平台底部 的凹口 870内, 借助非导磁垫圏和螺母施加挤压力从而将二组预先充磁极化的极板和永磁铁单元的 S 极面以及所述单元和托架的内凸平台面之间可以十分牢固地粘结成为一体。
图 9示出了本发明实施例 8的纵剖面图。
这是一个四磁隙四线圈内磁式扬声器实施例。同样借助非导磁材料紧固件 960对三组充磁极化的 极板和永磁铁单元施加挤压力以便牢固而方便地将它们粘结在铝合金托架的内凸平台上。
图 10-B示出了本发明实施例 9的又一种实施例。 所述极板和永磁铁上没有设置中央轴孔, 但只 要使永磁铁 302A的二侧极板 303A和 303B以永磁铁 302A的轴向高度二分之一的 X—X水平轴线为对 称轴, 构成一组上下对称的极板与永磁铁单元, 其极性如图 10-B所示。 同样可以将这样的二组单元 替代构成图 5的三磁隙三线圈扬声器、 图 6的四磁隙四线圈扬声器, 无需借助非导磁材料紧固件而将 极板、 永磁鈇和托架内凸平台直接粘结成为一体。
图 11示出了本发明实施例 10的纵剖面图。
这是利用图 10-A所示的若干组极板和永磁铁单元, 同时借助非导磁材料紧固件 760将极板、 永 磁鈇和托架内凸平台直接粘结成为一体的 5磁隙 5线圈乃至更多磁隙和更多线圈的多磁隙多线圈扬声 器实施例。 为了有利扬声器的通风散热, 元件 760釆用了一根 l&18Ni9Ti组分制成的不锈钢管, 在 它的两端设有螺紋, 借助非导磁材料制成的螺母和垫圈对所述极板、 所述永磁铁和所述不锈钢托架 781施加挤压力以达到更牢固、 更方便地将它们粘结成为一体。 毫无疑问, 本实施例的所有线圈可以 利用二根沿音圈骨架垂直弓 I上的二根条状铜箔用并联方式联结起来。
为了更好地阐述扬声器线圈中反电动势的相关问题, 图 23示出了已有技术单磁隙单线圈扬声器 音频电流与反电动势工作原理示意图。 元件 1为音频信号源, 元件 2为传统的单磁隙单线圈扬声器, 元件 2'为单磁隙单线圈扬声器的等效发电机电势即反电动势信号源, 元件 3为扬声器发电机状态运 行时的等效负载。 由图 23的下部图可见: 当单磁隙单线圈扬声器被接通音频信号源时, 在所述扬声 器中流过一个瞬间音频电流 I, 所述扬声器产生一个对应的电动力 F, 它们的方向如图所示。 这时, 由图 23的上部图可见: 由于单磁隙单线圈扬声器的线圈在电动力 F的作用下作往复式活塞运动并垂 直切割磁隙中的永磁磁力线而成为一个发电机 2 ' , 其等效负载为元件 3, 发电机电势即反电动势的 流向如 E所示,与线圈内的音频电流 I具有 180度相位角(忽略寄生电容及电感的影响)经叠加后造成 音频信号失真。
图 24示出了本发明具有对称磁路和对称线圈电路的多磁隙多线圈扬声器音频电流与反电动势工 作原理示意图。 由图 24的下部图可见: 所述扬声器被接通音频信号源 21时, 在二个反向绕制的扬声 器对称线圈 23A和 23B中流过一个瞬间音频电流 I, 二个对称线圈产生二个对应的电动力 FA和 FB, 其方向相同而形成合力 F。 由图 24的上部图可见: 由于多磁隙多线圈扬声器的二个对称线圈在电动 力 F 的作用下作往复式活塞运动并垂直切割磁隙中的永磁磁力线而成为二个等效发电机 23A' 和 23B' , 由于这二个线圈的绕向相反且具有对称磁路和对称线圈电路特性, 因此二个线圈的发电机电 势绝对值相等且具有 180度相位角, 反电动势 EA和 EB流过等效负载 24时被互相抵消或近似抵消。 一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器的制备方法:
a. 一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 01,其一端具有内径 1D1及高度 1H1和同轴的内径 1D2及高 度 1H2, 内径 1D1 比内径 1D2小 0.01-0.5毫米, 高度 1H1 比所述永磁铁的厚度小 0.1-2毫米, 高度 1H2与所述极板的厚度相当, 管段 1H1及 1H2具有光滑整齐的内圆面且与管状工装 01的中心轴线具 有垂直相交的水平定位面 0110、 0120和 0130;
b. 将所述换能器的一块所述永磁鉄嵌入管状工装 01 的具有内径 1D1 的管段内并被水平定位面 0110限位, 内径 1D1较所述永磁铁的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米配合公差, 将所述换能器的一块所述 板板嵌入具有内径 1D2的所述管段内,内径 1D2较所述极板的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米的配合公差, 在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施加挤压力,待粘结剂固化后撤去管状工 装 01, 由此获得同轴粘固的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板;
c 一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 02,其一端为具有内径 2D1和高度 2H1的薄壁管段,内径 2D1 较所述极板 /和所述托架的所述内凸圆形平台的外圆直径具有正 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合公差, 所述管段 2H1 比所述换能器的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁的总厚度相当或略小一些且具有光滑 整齐的内外圆面, 管状工装 02的中心轴线具有垂直相交的水平定位面 0210和 0220;
d. 将同轴粘固的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板嵌入具有内径 2D1 的管段内并使永磁铁的一面 朝向外侧,然后嵌入第二块所述极板并在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施 加挤压力, 所述极板与所述永磁铁被管状工装 02的水平定位面 0210限位, 待粘结剂固化后撤去管状 工装 02, 获得同轴粘固的 2块所述极板和一块夹持在内的所述永磁铁;
e. 用合适的充磁机对同轴粘固的所述永磁铁和所述极板 /或单独对永磁铁充磁极化, 再利用管状 工装 01和 02的交替操作, 即可制备得到具有 3- 4块所述极板和 2- 3块永磁铁同轴粘固的所述相斥 型磁铁;
f. 一个非导磁材料构成的所述托架 03, 其轴心部位设有内凸的圆形平台, 所述圆形平台的外径 3D1比所述极板的直径小 0.01-0.05毫米负公差且较管状工装 02的内径 2D1具有负 0.01- 0.05毫米的 配合公差, 所述托架的所述环形薄壁的的相应轴向高度上还设有一个光滑整齐的水平定位面 0330, 所述环形薄壁的内圆直径 3D2较所述环筒状磁性体的外径有正 0.1- 2毫米配合公差,在内凸圆形平台 面 0300上涂布粘结剂,然后将已经同轴粘固并充磁极化的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁 置放于其上并嵌入管状工装 02的内壁, 管状工装 02的内壁与内凸圆形平台的垂直外圆面 0310滑配 固定, 其水平定位面 0210则紧压在所述极板的外侧极面上并施加挤压力, 待粘结剂固化后所述极板 和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁被粘结定位在所述托架圆形平台面 0300的轴心部位上; g. 在所述托架的水平定位面 0330或垂直定位面 0320上预先涂布粘结剂, 将所述换能器的所述 环筒状磁性体从管状工装 02的外侧端部 2D3处套入并沿管段的光滑外圆面向内侧滑行至所述永磁铁 的极化区域时, 人为控制环筒状磁性体的滑行速度并最终被所述托架的水平定位面 0330限位, 待粘 结剂固化后撤去管状工装 02, 由此制备得到二组 /或二组以上所述对称磁路以及二个或二个以上同轴 等径的所述环形磁隙;
h. 将所述环筒状磁性体的上端部嵌入一个所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架底部的凸 缘内侧圆孔用粘结剂粘结固定 /或联结固定, 在所述环形磁隙内插入线圈骨架和二个或二个以上的所 述线圈, 在所述框架内依次粘结 1个 /或 2个弹性阻尼板、 线圈骨架、 振膜或平面发声板, 由此制备 得到具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈 内磁式换能器。
一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器的制备方法: a. 所述多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器的所述极板和所述永磁铁的轴心部位处具有直径相等的中央 轴孔;
b. —根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 01, 其一端具有内径 1D1及高度 1H1和同轴的内径 1D2及 高度 1H2, 内径 1D1比内径 1D2小 0.01-0.5毫米, 高度 1H1比所述永磁铁的厚度小 0.1-2毫米, 高度
1H2与所述极板的厚度相当, 管段 1H1及 1H2具有光滑整齐的内圆面且与管状工装 01的中心轴线具 有垂直相交的水平定位面 0110、 0120和 0130;
c 将所述换能器的一块所述永磁鉄嵌入管状工装 01 的具有内径 1D1 的管段内并被水平定位面 0110限位, 内径 1D1较所述永磁铁的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米配合公差, 将所述换能器的一块所述 板板嵌入具有内径 1D2的所述管段内,内径 1D2较所述极板的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米的配合公差, 在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施加挤压力,待粘结剂固化后撤去管状工 装 01, 由此获得同轴粘固的、 具有中央轴孔的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板;
d. 一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 02,其一端为具有内径 2D1和高度 2H1的薄壁管段,内径 2D1 较所述极板 /和所述托架的所述内凸圆形平台的外圆直径具有正 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合公差, 所述管段 2H1 比所述换能器的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁的总厚度相当或略小一些且具有光滑 整齐的内外圆面, 管状工装 02的中心轴线具有垂直相交的水平定位面 0210和 0220;
e. 将同轴粘固的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板嵌入具有内径 2D1 的管段内并使永磁铁的一面 朝向外侧,然后嵌入第二块所述极板并在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施 加挤压力, 所述极板与所述永磁铁被管状工装 02的水平定位面 0210限位, 待粘结剂固化后撤去管状 工装 02, 获得同轴粘固的、 具有中央轴孔的 2块所述极板和一块夹持在内的所述永磁铁;
f. 用合适的充磁机对同轴粘固的所述永磁铁和所述极板 /或单独对永磁铁充磁极化, 再利用管状 工装 01和 02的交替操作, 即可制备得到具有 3- 4块所述极板和 2- 3块永磁铁同轴粘固的所述相斥 型磁铁;
g. 一个非导磁材料构成的所述托架 04, 其轴心部位设有内凸的圆形平台, 在所述圆形平台的轴 线部位设有一个与所述极板和所述永磁铁轴孔匹配的中央轴孔和关连的四角形或六角形凹孔,所述圆 形平台的外径 4D1比所述极板的直径小 0.01-0.05毫米负公差且较管状工装 02的内径 2D1具有负 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合公差,所述托架的所述环形薄壁的的相应轴向高度上还设有一个光滑整齐的水平定位 面 0430, 所述环形薄壁的内圆直径 4D2较所述环筒状磁性体的外径有 0.1- 2毫米正公差, 在内凸圆 形平台面 0400上涂布粘结剂,然后将已经同轴粘固并充磁极化的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥 型磁铁置放于其上并嵌入管状工装 02的内壁,管状工装 02的内壁与内凸圆形平台的垂直外圆面 0410 滑配固定, 与此同时在所述极板、所述永磁铁和所述托架的中央轴孔处插入直径匹配的非导磁材料紧 固件, 并使工装 02的水平定位面 0210紧压在所述极板的外侧极面上而产生挤压力, 待粘结剂固化后 所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁被粘结定位在所述托架圆形平台面 0400的轴心部位上; h. 在所述托架的水平定位面 0430或垂直定位面 0320上预先涂布粘结剂, 将所述换能器的所述 环筒状磁性体从管状工装 02的外侧端部 2D3处套入并沿管段的光滑外圆面向内侧滑行至所述永磁铁 的极化区域时, 人为控制环筒状磁性体的滑行速度并最终被所述托架的水平定位面 0430限位, 待粘 结剂固化后撤去管状工装 02, 由此制备得到二组 /或二组以上所述对称磁路以及二个或二个以上同轴 等径的所述环形磁隙;
i. 将所述环筒状磁性体的上端部嵌入一个所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架底部的凸 缘内侧圆孔用粘结剂粘结固定 /或联结固定, 在所述环形磁隙内插入线圈骨架和二个或二个以上的所 述线圈, 在所述框架内依次粘结 1个 /或 2个弹性阻尼板、 线圈骨架、 振膜或平面发声板, 由此制备 得到具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈 内磁式换能器。 最后需要指出的是: 利用本发明图 1至图 22示出的所有磁路结构型式、 不同的极板和永磁铁的 组合以及不同的换能器驱动器线圈电路连接方式,可以排列组合成各种不同类型的多磁隙多线圈内磁 式换能器。 本发明虽然无法将所有这些实施例一一枚举出来, 但是, 不管将本发明的上述技术特征作 出这样或那样的局部修改,它们的总体技术方案和发明核心内容都无法超越本发明权利要求和本说明 书已经提出的全部覆盖范围。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.无需增加任何电子元件及控制电路即可消除换能器的反电动势。
2.可以批量生产具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性的、 高性价比、 高灵敏度、 高解析力和 高保真度的各种扬声器和电声传感器。
3.专利技术的覆盖面宽广:可以应用于除移动电话以外的所有电声换能器、传感器及机电换能器。
4.可以制作 7英寸口径以下、 只使用一个锥形振膜或内凹型振膜的全音域扬声器, 其频响范围为 F 20KHz, 并且只需 1 W左右的连续输入功率即可获得十分优秀的电声还原效果。
5.是一种高效节能的绿色环保产品。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形 磁隙和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈 骨架和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板 在空气中振动发声,或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号,其特征是: 所述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述磁路具有 二块同轴安装的上极板和下极板,一块或一块以上等厚均布的轴向充磁的永磁铁被夹持在所述上极板 和下极板之间,二块所述极板具有相同的投影面积且与所述永磁铁匹配,一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平台, 所述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的 外侧设有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽的槽底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构 成所述托架的环形薄壁,所述环形薄壁内周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定 位面, 所述环形薄壁内周面或外周面的相应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面, 所述上极板和 下极板、所述永磁铁被粘结固定在所述托架的所述圆形平台面的轴心部位上, 一个与所述上极板和下 极板、所述永磁铁同轴安装的环筒状磁性体, 其一端与所述托架的环形薄壁的所述垂直定位面配合固 定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面限位,其另一端嵌入所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架 联结或粘接固定,所述环筒状磁性体的二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出所述上极板和下极板的外侧极 面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二组上下对称的磁隙磁路,所述环筒状磁性体的内周面与所述上极板和下 极板的垂直周面间构成二个同轴等径的环形磁隙;
在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的二个所述线圈, 所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕制而成, 二 个所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定二个所述线圈的绕向及流经线圈的电流方向, 使二个所述线圈在 同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述上极板和下极板、所述永磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述永磁铁二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴, 所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上下、 左右对 称的磁路;
规定二个所述线圈的电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值和 绕线时的张力彼此相等并由此构成以所述永磁铁二分之一轴向高度的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称 轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路,二个所述线圈的电感量及其在往复运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因 具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性的并具有 高灵敏度、 高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。
2. —种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形 磁隙和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈 骨架和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板 在空气中振动发声,或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号,其特征是: 所述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述磁路具有 二块同轴安装的设有中央轴孔的上极板和下极板,一块轴向充磁的圆环状永磁铁或一块以上等厚均布 的扇形状 /或圆片状永磁铁被夹持在所述上极板和下极板之间, 二块所述极板具有相同的投影面积且 与所述永磁铁匹配, 一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平台, 所述圆形平 台的轴心部位设有一个轴孔, 所述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的外侧设有 环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽的槽底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构成所述托 架的环形薄壁, 所述环形薄壁内周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定位面, 所 述环形薄壁内周面或外周面的相应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面,一个非导磁材料制成的 紧固件从所述上极板和下极板、所述永磁铁和所述托架的所述圆形轴孔穿过并将它们联结固定在所述 托架的所述圆形平台面的轴心部位上, 一个与所述上极板和下极板、所述永磁铁同轴安装的环筒状磁 性体,其一端与所述托架的环形薄壁的所述垂直定位面配合固定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面限 位, 其另一端嵌入所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架联结或粘结固定, 所述环筒状磁性体的 二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出所述上极板和下极板的外侧极面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二组上下对 称的磁隙磁路,所述环筒状磁性体的内周面与所述上极板和下极板的垂直周面间构成二个同轴等径的 环形磁隙;
在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的二个所述线圈, 所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕制而成, 二 个所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定二个所述线圈的绕向及流经线圈的电流方向, 使二个所述线圈在 同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述上极板和下极板、所述永磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述永磁铁二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴, 所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上下、 左右对称 的磁路;
规定二个所述线圈的电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值和 绕线时的张力彼此相等并由此构成以所述永磁铁二分之一轴向高度的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称 轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路,二个所述线圈的电感量及其在往复运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因 具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高 灵敏度、 高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。
3. 一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形 磁隙和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈 骨架和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板 在空气中振动发声,或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号,其特征是: 所述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述框架在不 同轴向高度上设有 1个 /或 2个安装弹性阻尼板的环形平台面, 所述磁路的一块极板的两侧平面上分 别安装一块轴向充磁的永磁铁, 所述永磁铁在紧靠所述极板的一侧具有相同的极性, 二块所述永磁铁 的外侧平面又分别安装一块极板, 由此构成一对相斥型磁铁, 其同轴安装的三块所述极板具有相同的 投影面积且与二块所述永磁铁匹配, 一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平 台, 所述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的外侧设有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽 的槽底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构成所述托架的环形薄壁, 所述环形 薄壁内周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定位面,所述环形薄壁内周面或外周 面的相应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面,所述相斥型磁铁被粘结固定在所述托架的所述圆 形平台面的轴心部位上, 一个与所述相斥型磁铁同轴安装的环筒状磁性体, 其一端与所述托架的环形 薄壁的所述垂直定位面配合固定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面限位,其另一端嵌入所述框架底部 的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架联结或粘结固定,所述环筒状磁性体的二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出 所述相斥型磁铁的外侧极板的外侧极面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二组上下对称的磁隙磁路,所述环筒 状磁性体的内周面与所述相斥型磁铁的所述极板的垂直周面间构成三个同轴等径的环形磁隙;
在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的三个所述线圈, 所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕制而成, 三 个所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定三个所述线圈的绕向及流经线圈的电流方向, 使三个所述线圈在 同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述相斥型磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述相斥型磁铁的居中极板的二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴, 所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上下、 左右对称 的磁路;
当位于外侧的二个所述线圈 309A及 309C从振膜外侧方向视入时具有顺时针绕向, 居中的一个 线圈 309B 必须具有反时针绕向, 反之亦然, 所述线圈 309A的尾端 YA与所述线圈 309B 的首端 XB串接,所述线圈 309B的尾端 YB与所述线圈 309C的首端 XC串接,所述线圈 309C的尾端 YC沿 所述线圈骨架垂直引上与所述线圈 309A的首端 XA构成所述换能器的一对信号输入端子, 规定三个 所述线圈 309A、 309B和 309C的电磁线横截面积、 绕线时的张力彼此相等, 规定所述线圈 309A和 309C的线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值彼此相等, 规定所述线圈 309B的线圈 圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值与所述线圈 309A和 309C的线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电阻、线圈电感量的绝对值之和彼此相等, 由此构成以所述居中极板的二分之一轴向高度的等分 线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路,三个所述线圈的电感量及其在往复运动过 程中感应得到的反电动势因具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特性或近 似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、 高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。
4. 一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形 磁隙和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈 骨架和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板 在空气中振动发声,或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号,其特征是: 所述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述框架在不 同轴向高度上设有 1个 /或 2个安装弹性阻尼板的环形平台面, 所述磁路的一块极板的两侧平面上分 别安装一块轴向充磁的永磁铁, 所述永磁铁在紧靠所述极板的一侧具有相同的极性, 二块所述永磁铁 的外侧平面又分别安装一块极板, 由此构成一对相斥型磁铁, 其同轴安装的三块极板具有相同的投影 面积且与二块所述永磁铁匹配, 一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平台, 所述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的外侧设有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽的槽 底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构成所述托架的环形薄壁, 所述环形薄壁 内周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定位面,所述环形薄壁内周面或外周面的 相应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面,所述相斥型磁铁被粘结固定在所述托架的所述圆形平 台面的轴心部位上, 一个与所述相斥型磁铁同轴安装的环筒状磁性体, 其一端与所述托架的环形薄壁 的所述垂直定位面配合固定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面限位,其另一端嵌入所述框架底部的所 述圆形轴孔且与所述框架联结或粘结固定,所述环筒状磁性体的二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出所述 相斥型磁铁的外侧极板的外侧极面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二组上下对称的磁隙磁路,所述环筒状磁 性体的内周面与所述相斥型磁铁的所述极板的垂直周面间构成三个同轴等径的环形磁隙;
在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的三个所述线圈, 所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕制而成, 三 个所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定三个所述线圈的绕向及流经线圈的电流方向, 使三个所述线圈在 同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述相斥型磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述相斥型磁铁的居中极板的二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴, 所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上下、 左右对 称的磁路;
当位于外侧的二个所述线圈 309A '' 及 309C ' 从振膜外侧方向视入时具有顺时针绕向, 居中的一 个所述线圈 309B ' 必须具有反时针绕向, 反之亦然, 规定在所述线圈 309B ' 的 1/2圈数处设置一个 中心抽头 YB'并由此构成二个等分的线圈 309B1 ' 及 309B2 ' , 所述线圈 309A ' 的尾端 YA ' 与所述 线圈 309B1 ' 的首端 XB1 ' 串接, 所述线圈 309C ' 的首端 XC ' 与所述线圈 309B2 ' 的尾端 YB2 ' 串 接, 所述线圈 309C ' 的尾端 YC ' 与所述线圈 309A' 的首端 XA ' 并联连接后与所述线圈 309B ' 的 中心抽头端子 YB'沿所述线圈骨架垂直引上构成所述换能器的一对信号输入端子, 规定所述线圈 309A ' 与所述线圈 309B1 ' 以及所述线圈 309C ' 与所述线圈 309B2 ' 的电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线 圈卷幅、线圈电阻、线圈电感量的绝对值和绕线时的张力彼此相等并由此构成以所述居中极板二分之 一轴向高度的二分之一等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路, 4个所述线圈 的电感量及其在往复运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是 一个具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈 内磁式换能器。
5. 一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 包括磁路及与之连结在一起的框架, 至少二个同轴的环形 磁隙和一个插入环形磁隙的线圈骨架, 其上平行缠绕彼此绝缘的电磁线并构成至少二个线圈, 与线圈 骨架和弹性阻尼板连结在一起的振膜或平面发声板,通过线圈骨架的往复运动带动振膜或平面发声板 在空气中振动发声,或者通过振膜检测声音的声压变化并在线圈中感应得到声频电压信号,其特征是: 所述框架是一个非导磁材料构成的框架, 所述框架的轴心部位至少设有二个圆形轴孔, 所述框架在不 同轴向高度上设有 1个 /或 2个安装弹性阻尼板的环形平台面, 所述磁路的一块极板的两侧平面上分 别安装一块轴向充磁的永磁铁, 所述永磁铁在紧靠所述极板的一侧具有相同的极性, 二块所述永磁铁 的外侧平面又分别安装一块极板, 由此构成二对或二对以上相斥型磁铁, 其同轴安装的 4块 /或 4块 以上极板具有相同的投影面积且与 3块 /或 3块以上所述永磁铁匹配, 一个非导磁材料构成的托架, 其轴心部位设有一个内凸的圆形平台, 所述圆形平台具有光滑整齐的垂直外圆面, 所述垂直外圆面的 外侧设有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽的槽底设有均匀布置的二个以上穿透气孔, 所述环形凹槽的外侧构 成所述托架的环形薄壁,所述环形薄壁内周面的相应轴向高度上或其顶端部位设有光滑整齐的水平定 位面, 所述环形薄壁内周面或外周面的相应轴向高度上还设有光滑整齐的垂直定位面, 所述相斥型磁 铁被粘结固定在所述托架的所述圆形平台面的轴心部位上,一个与所述相斥型磁铁同轴安装的环筒状 磁性体,其一端与所述托架的环形薄壁的所述垂直定位面配合固定或粘结固定同时被所述水平定位面 限位, 其另一端嵌入所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架联结或粘结固定, 所述环筒状磁性体 的二个端面在轴向高度上分别超出所述相斥型磁铁的外侧极板的外侧极面 0.5-20毫米的 H值并形成二 组上下对称的磁隙磁路,所述环筒状磁性体的内周面与所述相斥型磁铁的所述极板的垂直周面间构成 4个 /或 4个以上同轴等径的环形磁隙;
在所述环形磁隙内插入同轴安装的 4个 /或 4个以上所述线圈,所述线圈由 1层 /或 2层电磁线绕 制而成, 4个 /或 4个以上所述线圈间设有相应的间隔, 规定 4个 /或 4个以上所述线圈的绕向及流经 线圈的电流方向, 使 4个 /或 4个以上所述线圈在同一工作瞬间产生同一方向的电动力 F;
以所述相斥型磁铁的中心轴线为垂直对称轴, 以所述相斥型磁铁的居中永磁铁 /或居中极板的二分 之一轴向高度的等分线 X― X轴线为水平对称轴,所述换能器具有二组在几何形状和磁性能方面上 下、 左右对称的磁路;
当位于外侧的二个所述线圈 609A及 609D从振膜外侧方向视入时分别具有顺时针绕向及反时针 绕向, 居中的二个所述线圈 609B 及 609C必须对应具有反时针绕向及顺时针绕向, 反之亦然, 所述 线圈 609A 的尾端 YA 与所述线圈 609B的首端 XB串接,所述线圈 609B的尾端 YB与所述线圈 609C 的首端 XC串接, 所述线圈 609C的尾端 YC与所述线圈 609D的首端 XD串接, 所述线圈 609D的尾 端 YD沿所述线圈骨架垂直引上与所述线圈 609A的首端 XA构成所述换能器的一对信号输入端子, 规定 4个所述线圈 609A与 609D及 609B与 609C的电磁线横截面积、 线圈圈数、 线圈卷幅、 线圈电 阻、 线圈电感量的绝对值、 绕线时的张力彼此相等, 由此构成以所述居中永磁铁的二分之一轴向高度 的等分线 X -— X轴线为水平对称轴的二组上下对称的线圈电路, 4个所述线圈的电感量及其在往复 运动过程中感应得到的反电动势因具有 180度相位角而互相抵消,所述换能器是一个具有电阻负载特 性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、 高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器。
6. 根据权利要求 1至 5中任何一项权利要求所述的一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器, 其特征是: 所述永磁铁是钕铁硼磁铁。
7. 根据权利要求 1至 5中任何一项权利要求所述的一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器. 其特征是: 所述托架用铝合金、 非导磁不锈钢、 或工程塑料制成。
8. 权利要求 1至 5中任何一项权利要求所述的一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器的制备方法: a. 一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 01,其一端具有内径 1D1及高度 1H1和同轴的内径 1D2及高 度 1H2, 内径 1D1 比内径 1D2小 0.01-0.5毫米, 高度 1H1 比所述永磁铁的厚度小 0.1-2毫米, 高度 1H2与所述极板的厚度相当, 管段 1H1及 1H2具有光滑整齐的内圆面且与管状工装 01的中心轴线具 有垂直相交的水平定位面 0110、 0120和 0130;
b. 将所述换能器的一块所述永磁鉄嵌入管状工装 01 的具有内径 1D1 的管段内并被水平定位面 0110限位, 内径 1D1较所述永磁铁的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米配合公差, 将所述换能器的一块所述 板板嵌入具有内径 1D2的所述管段内,内径 1D2较所述极板的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米的配合公差, 在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施加挤压力,待粘结剂固化后撤去管状工 装 01, 由此获得同轴粘固的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板;
c 一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 02,其一端为具有内径 2D1和高度 2H1的薄壁管段,内径 2D1 较所述极板 /和所述托架的所述内凸圆形平台的外圆直径具有正 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合公差, 所述管段 2H1 比所述换能器的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁的总厚度相当或略小一些且具有光滑 整齐的内外圆面, 管状工装 02的中心轴线具有垂直相交的水平定位面 0210和 0220;
d. 将同轴粘固的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板嵌入具有内径 2D1 的管段内并使永磁铁的一面 朝向外侧,然后嵌入第二块所述极板并在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施 加挤压力, 所述极板与所述永磁铁被管状工装 02的水平定位面 0210限位, 待粘结剂固化后撤去管状 工装 02, 获得同轴粘固的 2块所述极板和一块夹持在内的所述永磁铁;
e. 用合适的充磁机对同轴粘固的所述永磁铁和所述极板 /或单独对永磁铁充磁极化, 再利用管状 工装 01和 02的交替操作, 即可制备得到具有 3- 4块所述极板和 2- 3块永磁铁同轴粘固的所述相斥 型磁铁;
f. 一个非导磁材料构成的所述托架 03, 其轴心部位设有内凸的圆形平台, 所述圆形平台的外径 3D1比所述极板的直径小 0.01-0.05毫米负公差且较管状工装 02的内径 2D1具有负 0.01- 0.05毫米的 配合公差, 所述托架的所述环形薄壁的的相应轴向高度上还设有一个光滑整齐的水平定位面 0330, 所述环形薄壁的内圆直径 3D2较所述环筒状磁性体的外径有正 0.1- 2毫米配合公差,在内凸圆形平台 面 0300上涂布粘结剂,然后将已经同轴粘固并充磁极化的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁 置放于其上并嵌入管状工装 02的内壁, 管状工装 02的内壁与内凸圆形平台的垂直外圆面 0310滑配 固定, 其水平定位面 0210则紧压在所述极板的外侧极面上并施加挤压力, 待粘结剂固化后所述极板 和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁被粘结定位在所述托架圆形平台面 0300的轴心部位上; g. 在所述托架的水平定位面 0330或垂直定位面 0320上预先涂布粘结剂, 将所述换能器的所述 环筒状磁性体从管状工装 02的外侧端部 2D3处套入并沿管段的光滑外圆面向内侧滑行至所述永磁铁 的极化区域时, 人为控制环筒状磁性体的滑行速度并最终被所述托架的水平定位面 0330限位, 待粘 结剂固化后撤去管状工装 02, 由此制备得到二组 /或二组以上所述对称磁路以及二个或二个以上同轴 等径的所述环形磁隙;
h. 将所述环筒状磁性体的上端部嵌入一个所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架底部的凸 缘内侧圆孔用粘结剂粘结固定 /或联结固定, 在所述环形磁隙内插入线圈骨架和二个或二个以上的所 述线圈, 在所述框架内依次粘结 1个 /或 2个弹性阻尼板、 线圈骨架、 振膜或平面发声板, 由此制备 得到具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈 内磁式换能器。
9.权利要求 1至 5中任何一项权利要求所述的一种多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器的制备方法: a. 所述多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器的所述极板和所述永磁铁的轴心部位处具有直径相等的中央 轴孔;
b. —根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 01, 其一端具有内径 1D1及高度 1H1和同轴的内径 1D2及 高度 1H2, 内径 1D1比内径 1D2小 0.01-0.5毫米, 高度 1H1比所述永磁铁的厚度小 0.1-2毫米, 高度 1H2与所述极板的厚度相当, 管段 1H1及 1H2具有光滑整齐的内圆面且与管状工装 01的中心轴线具 有垂直相交的水平定位面 0110、 0120和 0130;
c 将所述换能器的一块所述永磁鉄嵌入管状工装 01 的具有内径 1D1 的管段内并被水平定位面 0110限位, 内径 1D1较所述永磁铁的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米配合公差, 将所述换能器的一块所述 板板嵌入具有内径 1D2的所述管段内,内径 1D2较所述极板的直径具有正 0.02-0.05毫米的配合公差, 在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施加挤压力,待粘结剂固化后撤去管状工 装 01, 由此获得同轴粘固的、 具有中央轴孔的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板;
d. 一根非导磁材料制成的管状工装 02,其一端为具有内径 2D1和高度 2H1的薄壁管段,内径 2D1 较所述极板 /和所述托架的所述内凸圆形平台的外圆直径具有正 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合公差, 所述管段 2H1 比所述换能器的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁的总厚度相当或略小一些且具有光滑 整齐的内外圆面, 管状工装 02的中心轴线具有垂直相交的水平定位面 0210和 0220;
e. 将同轴粘固的一块所述永磁铁与一块所述极板嵌入具有内径 2D1 的管段内并使永磁铁的一面 朝向外侧,然后嵌入第二块所述极板并在所述永磁铁或所述极板之一的吻合极面上涂布粘结剂同时施 加挤压力, 所述极板与所述永磁铁被管状工装 02的水平定位面 0210限位, 待粘结剂固化后撤去管状 工装 02, 获得同轴粘固的、 具有中央轴孔的 2块所述极板和一块夹持在内的所述永磁铁;
f. 用合适的充磁机对同轴粘固的所述永磁铁和所述极板 /或单独对永磁铁充磁极化, 再利用管状 工装 01和 02的交替操作, 即可制备得到具有 3- 4块所述极板和 2- 3块永磁铁同轴粘固的所述相斥 型磁铁;
g. 一个非导磁材料构成的所述托架 04, 其轴心部位设有内凸的圆形平台, 在所述圆形平台的轴 线部位设有一个与所述极板和所述永磁铁轴孔匹配的中央轴孔和关连的四角形或六角形凹孔,所述圆 形平台的外径 4D1比所述极板的直径小 0.01-0.05毫米负公差且较管状工装 02的内径 2D1具有负 0.01- 0.05毫米的配合公差,所述托架的所述环形薄壁的的相应轴向高度上还设有一个光滑整齐的水平定位 面 0430, 所述环形薄壁的内圆直径 4D2较所述环筒状磁性体的外径有 0.1- 2毫米正公差, 在内凸圆 形平台面 0400上涂布粘结剂,然后将已经同轴粘固并充磁极化的所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥 型磁铁置放于其上并嵌入管状工装 02的内壁,管状工装 02的内壁与内凸圆形平台的垂直外圆面 0410 滑配固定, 与此同时在所述极板、所述永磁铁和所述托架的中央轴孔处插入直径匹配的非导磁材料紧 固件, 并使工装 02的水平定位面 0210紧压在所述极板的外侧极面上而产生挤压力, 待粘结剂固化后 所述极板和所述永磁铁 /或所述相斥型磁铁被粘结定位在所述托架圆形平台面 0400的轴心部位上; h. 在所述托架的水平定位面 0430或垂直定位面 0320上预先涂布粘结剂, 将所述换能器的所述 环筒状磁性体从管状工装 02的外侧端部 2D3处套入并沿管段的光滑外圆面向内侧滑行至所述永磁铁 的极化区域时, 人为控制环筒状磁性体的滑行速度并最终被所述托架的水平定位面 0430限位, 待粘 结剂固化后撤去管状工装 02, 由此制备得到二组 /或二组以上所述对称磁路以及二个或二个以上同轴 等径的所述环形磁隙;
i. 将所述环筒状磁性体的上端部嵌入一个所述框架底部的所述圆形轴孔且与所述框架底部的凸 缘内侧圆孔用粘结剂粘结固定 /或联结固定, 在所述环形磁隙内插入线圈骨架和二个或二个以上的所 述线圈, 在所述框架内依次粘结 1个 /或 2个弹性阻尼板、 线圈骨架、 振膜或平面发声板, 由此制备 得到具有电阻负载特性或近似于电阻负载特性并具有高灵敏度、高解析力和高保真度的多磁隙多线圈 内磁式换能器。
PCT/CN2009/070507 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器及其制备方法 WO2009103247A1 (zh)

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EP09712835.9A EP2400784A4 (en) 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 INTERNAL MAGNETIC TRANSDUCER INCLUDING MULTIPLE MAGNETIC GAPS AND MULTIPLE COILS AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE LATTER
US13/265,876 US9277325B2 (en) 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 Inner magnetic transducer with multiple magnetic gaps and multiple coils and preparation method thereof
SG2011075892A SG175737A1 (en) 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 Inner magnetic transducer with multiple magnectic gaps and multiple coils and preparation method thereof
CA2759458A CA2759458A1 (en) 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 Inner magnetic transducer with multiple magnetic gaps and multiple coils and preparation method thereof
CN200980102868.XA CN101971645B (zh) 2008-10-10 2009-02-23 多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器及其制备方法
KR1020117022180A KR101265824B1 (ko) 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 멀티 자기 갭 다중 코일 내부 자성 타입 변환기 및 그 제조방법
PCT/CN2009/070507 WO2009103247A1 (zh) 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器及其制备方法
EA201101226A EA023690B1 (ru) 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 Внутренний магнитный преобразователь с несколькими магнитными зазорами и несколькими катушками и способ его изготовления
AU2009217136A AU2009217136B2 (en) 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 Inner magnetic transducer with multiple magnectic gaps and multiple coils and preparation method thereof
ZA2011/06935A ZA201106935B (en) 2009-02-23 2011-09-22 Inner magnetic transducer with multiple magnectic gaps and multiple coils and preparation method thereof

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CN200810065384 2008-02-21
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CNU2008202122770U CN201274572Y (zh) 2008-10-10 2008-10-10 具有音频数字接口的多媒体音响系统
PCT/CN2009/070507 WO2009103247A1 (zh) 2008-02-21 2009-02-23 多磁隙多线圈内磁式换能器及其制备方法

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EA201101226A1 (ru) 2012-07-30
WO2009103247A8 (zh) 2013-09-19
EA023690B1 (ru) 2016-07-29
AU2009217136B2 (en) 2013-10-03
EP2400784A4 (en) 2020-11-18
KR101265824B1 (ko) 2013-05-24
CA2759458A1 (en) 2009-08-27
US9277325B2 (en) 2016-03-01
AU2009217136A1 (en) 2011-11-10
US20120163651A1 (en) 2012-06-28

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