WO2009101951A1 - 酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材 - Google Patents
酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009101951A1 WO2009101951A1 PCT/JP2009/052266 JP2009052266W WO2009101951A1 WO 2009101951 A1 WO2009101951 A1 WO 2009101951A1 JP 2009052266 W JP2009052266 W JP 2009052266W WO 2009101951 A1 WO2009101951 A1 WO 2009101951A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steel material for thermal cutting using oxygen, and more particularly to a steel material for thermal cutting using oxygen from which surface scale has been removed, which can be cut at high speed with a laser, plasma, gas or the like.
- oxygen that can be cut at high speed with laser, plasma, gas, etc., even when it is coated with a so-called “zinc primer”, which is a primary anti-corrosion paint containing zinc dust, especially inorganic zinc primer.
- zinc primer is a primary anti-corrosion paint containing zinc dust, especially inorganic zinc primer. It also relates to steel for thermal cutting using
- laser cutting machines can be applied not only to thin plates with a thickness of 3.2 mm or less, but also to thick plates with a thickness of up to 30 mm. Laser cutting machines are also popular.
- Laser cutting machine has advantages not seen in gas cutting machines and the like because it has few safety problems and can be operated at night.
- steel materials may be represented by “steel plates”) so that sufficient work can be secured. Is desirable.
- the above troubles can be broadly divided into two types, one with a cause on the cutting machine side and one with a cause on the steel plate side.
- the laser cutting performance is greatly influenced by the surface properties of the steel sheet.
- the biggest problem is that if the cutting speed is increased, scratches and dross adhere to the cut surface easily, so that the cutting speed cannot be increased and the workability is reduced, and the cutting work is caused by defective cutting.
- the cutting operation is interrupted during unattended operation at night, the post-process is greatly affected, and the productivity is significantly reduced.
- the cutting speed cannot be increased, but also there is a limit to the plate thickness that can be cut by laser cutting, and there are cases where a steel plate that is too thick cannot be cut.
- the improvement of laser cutting speed has been studied mainly by improving the surface primer.
- Patent Document 1 the amount of Zn and SiO 2 (silica) in a zinc primer to be coated on a steel material is limited, and in particular, the amount of SiO 2 is reduced as much as possible to improve laser cutting performance.
- SiO 2 is a component contained in the primer from the viewpoint of improving the fire resistance and strength of the primer layer.
- SiO 2 is stable up to a high temperature, the conduction of laser energy to the steel plate is prevented. It is described that it has a very large adverse effect on the cutting speed.
- Patent Document 2 includes a silicate condensate, zinc powder, and a pigment having a lower melting point than iron such as talc, mica, petal, ferroalloy, and fluorite, and has excellent laser cutting properties.
- a “primary rust preventive coating composition” (primer) is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a “steel plate pretreatment method” obtained by coating a composition mainly composed of a silicon-based inorganic binder and fine zinc powder having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the plasma cutting machine has the advantage of not requiring maintenance as much as the laser cutting machine.
- the life of consumables used in the cutting machine is short, and especially when cutting thick steel plates, it is necessary to generate plasma with high output, so the life of consumables is extremely short. There was a problem. Therefore, when performing plasma cutting, it is required to cut at high speed without significantly increasing the output.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a “steel plate excellent in fusing property” suitable for applying a thermal cutting method such as laser cutting or plasma cutting.
- Both the primer proposed in Patent Document 1 and the coating composition proposed in Patent Document 2 are still inadequate for laser cutting using a recent high-power laser cutting machine. It is not possible to sufficiently cope with cutting of high-speed steel plates exceeding 4 mm and high-speed cutting. Further, since measures against occurrence of defective cutting are not taken into consideration, cutting interruption is likely to occur particularly during unattended operation at night.
- the amount of SiO 2 in the paint is remarkably reduced.
- the paint does not contain any SiO 2 . For this reason, it is difficult to avoid that the fire resistance and strength of the coating film become insufficient. If the strength of the coating film is reduced, the coating film may be easily peeled off or scratched, leading to deterioration of the rust prevention property.
- Patent Document 3 the steel sheet treated by the above-mentioned method is evaluated for fusing property by laser cutting, but the test is considered to be performed by adjusting the focus of the laser (that is, optimization), It was not evaluated in consideration of laser defocus. Further, the laser cutting test (melting test) is performed at a speed of 1 m / min (1000 mm / min), and laser cutting performance at a higher speed is not evaluated.
- Patent Document 4 describes plasma cutting, but the plasma cutting test is performed at a speed of 0.1 m / min, and this speed cannot be put into practical use.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a steel material for thermal cutting using oxygen capable of cutting steel material at high speed, especially when a laser cutting machine as a thermal cutting machine is used for unattended operation at night.
- Laser cutting steel that is unlikely to cause cutting problems, especially improves the laser cutting performance of painted steel, and can prevent cutting interruptions when a high-power laser cutting machine performs unattended operation at night. Is to provide.
- the present inventors first conducted various investigations on the laser cutting property of steel using a high-power laser cutting machine. As a result, first, the following findings (a) and (b) were obtained.
- the present inventors further conducted an investigation focusing on the surface of the steel material that the laser first reached. As a result, the following knowledge (g) was obtained.
- the surface properties of the steel material affect the laser cutting property.
- the surface roughness is small, the reflection of the laser beam becomes remarkable, and the cutting performance is deteriorated without sufficiently transferring energy to the steel surface.
- a zinc primer since sufficient adhesion durability of a coating film cannot be obtained, it is not preferable.
- the surface roughness is large, the laser is irregularly reflected on the surface of the steel material, and the laser cutting property is lowered.
- the present invention has been completed on the basis of the above findings, and the gist of the present invention is a steel material for thermal cutting using oxygen shown in the following (1) to (8) and a laser shown in (9) to (16). It is in steel for cutting.
- a steel material for thermal cutting using oxygen which contains one or more of V and V, and further satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2).
- the element symbol in (1) Formula and (2) Formula represents content in the mass% of the element.
- a steel material from which the scale of the surface has been removed includes, by mass%, Si: 0.08 to 0.20% and Al: more than 0.03% and 0.08% or less, and P, Ti And a steel material for laser cutting characterized by containing one or more of V and further satisfying the following formulas (1) and (2).
- the element symbol in (1) Formula and (2) Formula represents content in the mass% of the element.
- REM is a generic name for a total of 17 elements of Sc, Y and lanthanoid, and the content of REM refers to the total content of one or more elements of REM.
- inventions relating to the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen shown in (1) to (8) and the steels for laser cutting shown in (9) to (16) are respectively referred to as “present invention (1)” to “present”.
- invention (16) ". Also, it may be collectively referred to as “the present invention”.
- the steel material for thermal cutting using oxygen of the present invention (that is, steel material for oxygen cutting containing oxygen as an assist gas, in other words, a steel material for thermal cutting using an oxidation reaction) can perform a stable thermal cutting operation at a high speed, It can be used for laser cutting, plasma cutting and gas cutting.
- the steel material for laser cutting according to the present invention is insensitive to laser defocus due to swell or scratches, so the range of fluctuation from the laser focus position that can be cut is large, and the heat input to cutting is increased. Even in this case, it has a very good laser cutting property that the burning phenomenon hardly occurs.
- the steel material of the present invention is used, even when a zinc primer layer that is a primary anti-corrosion coating is formed, cutting at a very high speed using a high-power laser cutting machine is possible, and in addition, cutting failure Therefore, it is possible to prevent cutting interruption during unattended operation at night, especially at a high speed of 1050 mm / min for a steel material with a thickness of 16 mm and 800 mm / min for a steel material with a thickness of 23 mm. A stable laser cutting operation can be performed.
- Si 0.08 to 0.20%
- thermal cutting using oxygen may be represented by “laser cutting”.
- the Si content is less than 0.08%, a sufficient amount of Fe 2 SiO 4 is not generated at the time of cutting, and the cutting property is lowered. That is, the eutectic temperature of Fe 2 SiO 4 is 1173 ° C., which is much lower than the melting point of FeO (1369 ° C.). Therefore, if Fe 2 SiO 4 is present in the iron oxide generated at the time of laser cutting, the liquid phase is maintained up to 1173 ° C., so that it is easy to discharge molten Fe or iron oxide in a low temperature range. . However, if the Si content in the base material is less than 0.08%, the amount of Fe 2 SiO 4 produced is reduced and it becomes difficult to discharge the molten Fe or iron oxide, so the melting of the cut surface proceeds. A phenomenon called “Egure” occurs.
- the Si content is set to 0.08 to 0.20%.
- the upper limit with preferable Si content is 0.18%.
- the preferred lower limit is 0.10%.
- Al more than 0.03% and not more than 0.08%
- Al is Fe or iron melted by lowering the eutectic temperature of Fe 2 SiO 4 present in iron oxide generated for deoxidation and during laser cutting. It is an element necessary for facilitating the discharge of the oxide in a low temperature range and enhancing the laser cutting property, and it is necessary to contain an amount exceeding 0.03%.
- the Al content is more than 0.03% and 0.08% or less.
- the minimum of Al content shall be 0.035%.
- P, Ti and V P, Ti, and V are all elements that lower the eutectic point of Fe 2 SiO 4 , and have an action of facilitating discharge of molten Fe or iron oxide in a low temperature range and improving laser cutting property. For this reason, it was decided to include one or more of P, Ti and V. In addition, content of P, Ti, and V must satisfy
- the chemical composition contains Si: 0.08 to 0.20% and Al: more than 0.03% and 0.08% or less, and contains one or more of P, Ti and V
- the laser cutting property is insufficient only by lowering the eutectic temperature of Fe 2 SiO 4 present in the iron oxide generated during laser cutting. Therefore, it is necessary to satisfy the following formulas (1) and (2).
- Al, P, the Ti and V lower the eutectic point of the Fe 2 SiO 4 effect, in other words, is effective to lower the temperature at which Fe 2 SiO 4 is present as a liquid phase, the Fe 2 SiO 4
- the eutectic point depends on the ratio of these elements to the Si content. Since the effect is different for each element, the above formula (2) is required in consideration of the dependency of each element.
- the formula (2) is not satisfied, that is, when the value of “262 ⁇ (Al / Si) + 197 ⁇ (P / Si) + 225 ⁇ (Ti / Si) + 50 ⁇ (V / Si)” is 123 or less
- the laser cutting property cannot be improved stably and reliably.
- the expression (2) that is, [262 ⁇ (Al / Si) + 197 ⁇ (P / Si) + 225 ⁇ (Ti / Si) + 50 ⁇ (V / Si)> 123] is also satisfied. If this condition is satisfied, the laser cutting property can be improved stably and reliably.
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (1) and the steel for laser cutting according to the present invention (9) are Si: 0.08 to 0.20% and Al: 0.03. % And 0.08% or less, and contains at least one of P, Ti and V, and further satisfies the above formulas (1) and (2).
- the steel material having the chemical composition of the item (A) exhibits a certain excellent cutting property even when the scale after rolling is attached as the surface condition.
- the scale properties may change depending on the heat treatment conditions and the like, and the cutting performance may be greatly affected.
- the steel material for thermal cutting according to the present invention (1) is defined to remove the scale of the surface in order to improve the thermal cutting property using oxygen more stably and reliably.
- the steel material for laser cutting according to the present invention (9) is also defined as removing the surface scale in order to improve the laser cutting property more stably and reliably.
- the method for removing the scale after rolling need not be specified.
- a known processing method such as pickling or shot blasting may be used.
- the steel material for thermal cutting according to the present invention (1) and the steel material for laser cutting according to the present invention (9) exhibit the effect even when an inorganic zinc primer is applied to the surface after removing the scale on the surface. To do. That is, as described above, since the temperature at which Fe 2 SiO 4 exists as a liquid phase decreases, even in a state where an inorganic zinc primer is applied to the surface of the steel material, thermal cutting properties using good oxygen, respectively. And has laser cutting properties.
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (2) and the steel for laser cutting according to the present invention (10) are respectively the steel for thermal cutting using the oxygen of the present invention (1) and the present invention (9). ),
- the method of applying an inorganic zinc primer to the surface of the steel material is not particularly required, and may be performed by a known processing method such as air spraying or brushing.
- the inorganic zinc primer a known commercially available inorganic zinc primer can be used. That is, a paint containing an alkyl silicate resin as a main component and containing Zn powder can be used.
- the eutectic temperature lowers further when the primer is added with a pigment containing Al, P, Ti and V, which is an element that lowers the temperature at which Fe 2 SiO 4 is present as a liquid phase in an inorganic zinc primer. Due to the effect of the above, the thermal cutting ability using oxygen such as laser cutting ability is improved.
- the film thickness of the dried coating film of the inorganic zinc primer to be applied is preferably in the range of 9 to 25 ⁇ m. Even if the coating film is thinner than 9 ⁇ m or thicker than 25 ⁇ m, the thermal cutting ability using oxygen such as laser cutting ability may be lowered. When the coating film is thinner than 9 ⁇ m, the corrosion resistance may be deteriorated.
- the above-mentioned film thickness means an average film thickness.
- An electromagnetic film thickness meter for example, “CRT-2000II electromagnetic digital film thickness meter” manufactured by Sanko Electronic Laboratory Co., Ltd. is used. Can be obtained as an average value obtained by measuring 10 or more film thicknesses.
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (3) and the steel for laser cutting according to the present invention (11) have a surface roughness of 10-point average roughness RzJIS specified in JIS B 0601 (2001).
- RzJIS 10-point average roughness
- the thermal cutting ability and the laser cutting ability using oxygen are improved.
- the surface roughness is less than 15 ⁇ m, energy may not be sufficiently transmitted to the steel material surface and cutting performance may deteriorate. This is because, for example, in the case of laser cutting, the reflection of laser light becomes significant.
- the surface roughness is less than 15 ⁇ m, the adhesion durability of the coating film when the zinc primer is applied may not be obtained.
- the cutting ability may be deteriorated because energy is not sufficiently transmitted to the steel material surface. This is because, for example, in the case of laser cutting, the laser is irregularly reflected on the steel surface.
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (3) and the steel for laser cutting according to the present invention (11) are respectively the steel for cutting using oxygen of the present invention (1) or (2) and the present Among the steel materials for laser cutting according to the invention (9) or (10), the surface roughness is specified to be 15 to 85 ⁇ m by 10-point average roughness RzJIS.
- the steel material according to the present invention preferably contains the following amount of elements.
- C 0.02 to 0.17% Since C is an element that increases the strength, it is preferable to contain 0.02% or more. However, if it exceeds 0.17%, the toughness of the steel sheet may be deteriorated. Therefore, the C content is preferably 0.02 to 0.17%. Note that C is an inexpensive element, and an effect of improving the cutting property by reaction heat between O (oxygen) and C in steel can be expected when cutting with a laser. For this reason, the lower limit of the C content is more preferably 0.05%. Further, the upper limit of the C content is more preferably 0.16%.
- Mn 0.20 to 1.60% Since Mn is an element effective for ensuring the strength of the steel material, it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.20% or more. However, if the Mn content exceeds 1.60%, deterioration of toughness and laser cutting property may be caused. Therefore, the Mn content is preferably 0.20 to 1.60%. In addition, it is more preferable that the lower limit of the Mn content is 0.30%.
- Cu less than 0.03% Cu exists in steel as an impurity, and when the content is large, there is a concern of causing Cu checking. For this reason, it is good to suppress Cu content to below a fixed quantity, and it is preferable to set it as less than 0.03%.
- Ni 0.05% or less Ni is also present in the steel as an impurity, and when the content is large, the quality of the slab may be adversely affected. For this reason, the Ni content is preferably suppressed to a certain amount or less, and preferably 0.05% or less.
- S 0.015% or less S is present in steel as an impurity and has little effect on laser cutting properties, but if its content is large, there is a risk of adversely affecting mechanical properties such as toughness. There is. Therefore, the S content is preferably suppressed to a certain amount or less, and is preferably 0.015% or less.
- N 0.009% or less N is present in steel as an impurity, and when its content is large, the weldability and the quality of the slab may be adversely affected. For this reason, the N content is preferably suppressed to a certain amount or less, and is preferably 0.009% or less.
- P, Ti and V are all Fe. 2
- the amount of P, Ti, and V is increased in a large amount under the condition that the amount of Si and Al described in the item (A) is included and the expressions (1) and (2) are satisfied.
- P 0.04% or less
- P is an element that is inevitably contained as an impurity, but has the effect of lowering the eutectic point of Fe 2 SiO 4 to increase the laser cutting property, so that P is contained in a large amount. Good laser cutting property can be obtained.
- the P content is preferably suppressed to a certain amount or less, and is preferably 0.04% or less.
- the lower limit of the P content is preferably 0.01%.
- Ti 0.08% or less Ti is an element that lowers the eutectic point of Fe 2 SiO 4 . Therefore, the better the laser cutting property, the higher the content of Ti, but when the content is large, the toughness of the welded portion may be adversely affected and the cost will be disadvantageous. For this reason, the Ti content is preferably suppressed to a certain amount or less, and preferably 0.08% or less.
- Ti also has the effect
- V 0.08% or less
- V is also an element that lowers the eutectic point of Fe 2 SiO 4 .
- the content of V is preferably suppressed to a certain amount or less, and is preferably 0.08% or less.
- V also has the effect of increasing the strength of the steel sheet by precipitation strengthening.
- V is preferably contained in an amount of 0.02% or more. Therefore, the lower limit of the V content is preferably 0.02%.
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (4) and the steel for laser cutting according to the present invention (12) are each oxygen of any one of the present inventions (1) to (3).
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (4) and the steel for laser cutting according to the present invention (14) are further selected from the following groups (a) to (d) as necessary. Further, one or more elements can be contained.
- one or more elements selected from the groups (A) to (D) may be contained.
- Cr 0.2% or less Cr has the effect of increasing the strength of the steel sheet.
- the Cr content is desirably 0.02% or more. More desirably, it is 0.03% or more.
- Cr oxide having a high melting point is formed to deteriorate the hot metal flowability, which may lead to deterioration of the roughness of the laser cut surface and formation of a cut notch.
- the content of Cr is set to 0.2% or less.
- the minimum of Cr content shall be 0.02%, and if it is 0.03%, it is still more preferable.
- Mo 0.4% or less
- W 0.4% or less
- Nb 0.04% or less Mo
- W 0.4% or less
- Nb 0.04% or less Mo
- W, and Nb have the effect of increasing the strength. You may contain said element. This will be described in detail below.
- Mo has the effect of increasing the strength of the steel sheet by solid solution strengthening. In order to acquire this effect, it is preferable to contain Mo 0.1% or more. However, if Mo is contained in a large amount exceeding 0.4%, it is disadvantageous in terms of cost, and weldability may be impaired. For this reason, content of Mo in the case of making it contain was 0.4% or less. In addition, when making it contain, it is preferable that the minimum of Mo content shall be 0.1%.
- W also has the effect of increasing the strength of the steel sheet by solid solution strengthening. In order to acquire this effect, it is preferable to contain W 0.05% or more. However, if W is contained in a large amount exceeding 0.4%, it is disadvantageous in terms of cost and weldability may be impaired. For this reason, when W is included, the content of W is set to 0.4% or less. In addition, when making it contain, it is preferable that the minimum of W content shall be 0.05%.
- Nb has the effect of increasing the strength of the steel sheet by precipitation strengthening.
- the Nb content is preferably 0.005% or more.
- containing a large amount of Nb exceeding 0.04% is disadvantageous in terms of cost and may deteriorate the toughness of the welded portion. Therefore, when Nb is contained, the Nb content is set to 0.04% or less.
- the minimum of Nb content shall be 0.005%.
- the above-mentioned Mo, W and Nb can contain one or more of them.
- B 0.0030% or less B has an effect of improving hardenability. In order to acquire this effect, it is preferable to contain B 0.0005% or more. However, when B is contained in excess of 0.0030%, the weldability may be deteriorated. For this reason, when B is included, the content of B is set to 0.0030% or less. In addition, when making it contain, it is preferable that the minimum of B content shall be 0.0005%.
- Ca has the effect of improving HAZ toughness. In order to acquire this effect, it is preferable to contain Ca 0.001% or more. However, if the Ca content exceeds 0.005%, the laser cutting property may be impaired. Therefore, when Ca is contained, the content of Ca is set to 0.005% or less. In addition, when making it contain, it is preferable that the minimum of Ca content shall be 0.001%.
- Mg has the effect of improving HAZ toughness. In order to acquire this effect, it is preferable to contain Mg 0.001% or more. However, if the Mg content exceeds 0.005%, the laser cutting property may be impaired. For this reason, when Mg is contained, the content of Mg is set to 0.005% or less. In addition, when making it contain, it is preferable that the minimum of Mg content shall be 0.001%.
- REM has the effect of improving HAZ toughness. In order to acquire this effect, it is preferable to contain REM 0.001% or more. However, if the content of REM exceeds 0.005%, the laser cutting property may be impaired. Therefore, the content of REM in the case of inclusion is set to 0.005% or less. In addition, when making it contain, it is preferable that the minimum of REM content shall be 0.001%.
- the above Ca, Mg, and REM can contain one or more of them.
- REM is a generic name for a total of 17 elements of Sc, Y and lanthanoids, and that the content of REM refers to the total content of one or more elements of REM. That's right.
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (5) and the steel for laser cutting according to the present invention (13) are respectively the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen of the present invention (4) and the present invention.
- the steel materials for laser cutting according to the invention (12) Cr: 0.2% or less is further contained.
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (6) and the steel for laser cutting according to the present invention (14) are respectively steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (4) or (5) and Among the steel materials for laser cutting of the present invention (12) or (13), at least one of Mo: 0.4% or less, W: 0.4% or less and Nb: 0.04% or less is further contained. It was supposed to contain.
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (7) and the steel for laser cutting according to the present invention (15) are heats using any one of the oxygen according to the present invention (4) to (6), respectively.
- steel materials for cutting and steel materials for laser cutting according to any one of the present inventions (12) to (14) Mo: 0.4% or less, W: 0.4% or less, and Nb: 0.04% It shall contain one or more of the following.
- the steel for thermal cutting using oxygen according to the present invention (8) and the steel material for laser cutting according to the present invention (16) each use one of the oxygens according to the present invention (4) to (7).
- the steel materials for thermal cutting and any of the steel materials for laser cutting according to the present invention (12) to (15) Ca: 0.005% or less, Mg: 0.005% or less, and REM: 0.005 % Or less of 1% or less.
- the thickness of the steel for thermal cutting and the steel for laser cutting using oxygen of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- a thin-walled one can naturally be cut, but even a one having a thickness of 12 mm or more can be cut sufficiently. Therefore, the thickness of the steel material is preferably 12 mm or more.
- the thickness of the steel material that can be cut depends on the output characteristics of the cutting machine. For this reason, when performing laser cutting, the upper limit of the thickness of the steel material is preferably 30 mm. In the case of plasma cutting, the upper limit of the thickness of the steel material is preferably 80 mm. Furthermore, in the case of gas cutting, the upper limit of the thickness of the steel material is preferably 4000 mm.
- Example 1 Steels 1 to 19 having the chemical compositions shown in Table 1 were melted in the laboratory, and then hot-rolled to produce two types of steel materials having a width of 250 mm, a length of 500 mm, and a thickness of 16 mm and 23 mm, respectively. .
- Steels 1 to 16 in Table 1 are steels of the present invention examples whose chemical compositions are within the range defined by the present invention.
- Steels 17 to 19 are comparative steels whose chemical compositions deviate from the conditions specified in the present invention.
- an inorganic zinc primer (Cerabond 2000 Gray S manufactured by China Paint Co., Ltd.) was applied by air spray to the surface of each steel material except for test number 1 in Table 2, that is, each steel material of test numbers 2 to 20. did.
- the zinc primer is applied to a small painting robot (PX-800 manufactured by Yaskawa Electric Co., Ltd., moving linear speed is 380 mm / s) and a painting gun (Devilbis T-AGHV, nozzle diameter 1.2 mm, cap No. 807).
- the atomizing air pressure is 0.128 MPa (1.3 kgf / cm 2 )
- the pattern air pressure is 0.098 MPa (1.0 kgf / cm 2 )
- the paint discharge rate is 132 g / min
- the gun distance is 150 mm. It went on condition of.
- the film thickness at any 81 points on the surface of the steel material was measured using an electromagnetic digital film thickness meter (CRT-2000II manufactured by Sanko Electronics Laboratory Co., Ltd.) It was arithmetically averaged to determine the average film thickness for each test number.
- the average film thickness was in the range of 14 to 16 ⁇ m.
- the laser cutting machine used for the cutting was a CO 2 laser with an output of 6 KW manufactured by Koike Oxygen Co., Ltd.
- the cutting conditions were a duty (output time% per pulse oscillation time) of 60%, a frequency of 1000 Hz,
- the oxygen gas pressure was 0.05 MPa on the inside and 0.03 MPa on the outside.
- a 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm square bar (however, corner R is 3 mm) is cut out from each steel material, and the presence or absence of a notch phenomenon (that is, the presence or absence of scratches on the cut surface) is investigated. That is, the adhesion state of the deposits on the cut back surface of the molten steel containing oxide was observed.
- the cutting speed was changed according to the plate thickness.
- the laser cutting performance is evaluated by first determining the laser focus on the steel surface. In other words, the positioned nozzle tip position is set to “0”, and then the nozzle tip position is set to 0.5 mm pitch from the “0” position. The test was carried out under the condition of moving away from the steel material surface and the condition of approaching the steel material, and it was determined whether or not a notch phenomenon and cutting failure due to sticking occurred. Then, the maximum deviation of the nozzle tip position where both notch phenomenon and adhesion of noro were observed was measured, and the deviation from the laser focus position where cutting was possible, that is, the fluctuation range was obtained.
- the cutting speed in this case was 900 mm / min when the steel thickness was 16 mm, and 600 mm / min when the steel thickness was 23 mm.
- the critical cutting speed is evaluated by fixing the nozzle tip position to the position of “0”, in other words, fixing the laser focus on the surface of the steel material, and the above-mentioned 900 mm / min (when the steel material thickness is 16 mm). ) Or 600 mm / min (when the steel thickness is 23 mm), the cutting speed was increased by 50 mm / min, and whether or not notching, noro adhesion, and burning cutting failure occurred was determined. The maximum cutting speed at which none of the notch phenomenon, adhesion of sticking and burning was observed was taken as the limit cutting speed.
- Table 2 summarizes the above survey results.
- the fluctuation range from the laser focus position that can be cut is expressed as “cuttable focus position”.
- the fluctuation range from the focus position that can be cut is 3.5 mm or more when the thickness of the steel material is 16 mm, When the thickness of the steel material is 23 mm, it is 1.5 mm or more, and all the steel materials are insensitive to laser defocusing. Further, the limit cutting speed is 1050 mm when the thickness of the steel material is 16 mm. / Min or more, and when the thickness of the steel material is 23 mm, it is as large as 800 mm / min or more, and it is clear that the laser cutting property is excellent.
- the fluctuation range from the focus position where cutting is possible is as small as 2.0 to 2.5 mm, and the limit cutting speed is also low. It stayed at 900 mm / min.
- the cutting speed of 600 mm / min is the limit of laser cutting, and the variation range from the focus position where cutting is possible is as small as 0.5 mm, which is a little. This was a situation where cutting failure occurred due to changes in the conditions.
- Example 2 The same test as in Example 1 was performed with various changes in the surface roughness of the steel material. More specifically, test pieces having different surface roughness RzJIS were prepared by using steel 1 and steel 3 shown in Table 1 and varying the size of shot spheres in shot blasting, and are shown in Example 1. The laser cutting property was evaluated in the same manner as the above.
- Table 3 shows the survey results when the surface roughness was changed.
- the test materials of test numbers 21 to 24 are steel materials with scale removed, and the test materials of test numbers 25 to 28 were coated with zinc primer in the same manner as in ⁇ Example 1> after scale removal. It is what.
- Test No. 1 and Test No. 3 of ⁇ Example 1> are described as Test No. 21 and Test No. 25, respectively.
- the range of fluctuation from the focus position that can be cut is 3.0 mm or more when the thickness of the steel material is 16 mm, and 1 when the thickness of the steel material is 23 mm. 5 mm or more, and all the steel materials are insensitive to laser defocusing.
- the critical cutting speed is 1050 mm / min or more when the steel thickness is 16 mm, and the steel thickness is 23 mm. In some cases, it is large at 750 mm / min or more, and it is clear that the laser cutting property is excellent.
- the laser cutting properties are particularly excellent in the case of test numbers 21, 22, 25 and 26 having a surface roughness RzJIS in the range of 15 to 85 ⁇ m.
- Example 3> Using the remaining steel material used in ⁇ Example 1>, a steel material having a thickness of 23 mm in particular was plasma cut, and the plasma cutting property was evaluated.
- the plasma cutting machine used for the cutting was a plasma cutting machine (Super 400) manufactured by Koike Oxygen Industry Co., Ltd.
- the cutting conditions were an output current of 137.8 A and oxygen as the plasma gas.
- test numbers 29 to 45 of the present invention examples satisfying the conditions specified in the present invention can be cut at 2000 mm / min or more and have excellent plasma cutting performance. is there.
- the limit cutting speed was 1680 mm / min at most.
- the steel material of the present invention can perform a high-speed and stable thermal cutting operation, and can be used for laser cutting, plasma cutting, and gas cutting.
- the steel material for laser cutting of the present invention is insensitive to laser defocus due to swell or scratches, so that the range of fluctuation from the focus position where laser cutting is possible is large, and the cutting heat input It has extremely good laser cutting property that the burning phenomenon hardly occurs even when the height is increased.
- the steel material of the present invention is used, even when a zinc primer layer that is a primary anti-corrosion coating is formed, cutting at a very high speed using a high-power laser cutting machine is possible, and in addition, cutting failure Therefore, it is possible to prevent interruption during unattended operation at night, which can greatly contribute to the productivity of laser cutting.
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Abstract
Description
Al/Si≦0.45・・・(1)、
262×(Al/Si)+197×(P/Si)+225×(Ti/Si)+50×(V/Si)>123・・・(2)。
なお、(1)式および(2)式中の元素記号は、その元素の質量%での含有量を表す。
Al/Si≦0.45・・・(1)、
262×(Al/Si)+197×(P/Si)+225×(Ti/Si)+50×(V/Si)>123・・・(2)。
なお、(1)式および(2)式中の元素記号は、その元素の質量%での含有量を表す。
Si:0.08~0.20%
Siは、酸素を用いる熱切断中に酸化されてスケール層中にFe2SiO4(ファイアライト)を形成し、熱切断性を大きく支配する元素である。なお、以下においては、「酸素を用いる熱切断」を「レーザー切断」で代表させて説明することがある。
Alは、脱酸のためおよびレーザー切断時に生成する鉄酸化物中に存在するFe2SiO4の共晶温度を下げて溶融したFeあるいは鉄酸化物の低温度域での排出を容易にしてレーザー切断性を高めるために必要な元素であり、0.03%を超える量を含有させる必要がある。しかしながら、Alの含有量が多くなり、特に0.08%を超えると、溶接部に硬質の島状マルテンサイトが生成し、靱性が劣化する。したがって、Alの含有量を0.03%を超えて0.08%以下とした。なお、Alの含有量は、上記の範囲においては多い方が好ましいので、Al含有量の下限は0.035%とすることが望ましい。
P、TiおよびVはいずれもFe2SiO4の共晶点を下げる元素であり、溶融したFeあるいは鉄酸化物の低温度域での排出を容易にしてレーザー切断性を高める作用を有する。このため、P、TiおよびVのうちの1種以上を含有させることとした。なお、P、TiおよびVの含有量は、後述するように、少なくとも前記の(2)式を満たすものでなければならない。
262×(Al/Si)+197×(P/Si)+225×(Ti/Si)+50×(V/Si)>123・・・(2)。
なお、(1)式および(2)式中の元素記号は、その元素の質量%での含有量を表す。
前記(A)項の化学組成を有する鋼材は、その表面状況として圧延後のスケールが付着したままでも一定の優れた切断性を示すものである。しかしながら、圧延後のスケールが付着したままの場合には、熱処理条件等によりスケール性状が変化して切断性にも大きく影響する場合がある。
本発明に係る鋼材は、前記(A)項に記載の化学組成を有することに加えて、次に述べる量の元素を含有していることが好ましい。
Cは、強度を高める元素であるため、0.02%以上を含有させるのが好ましい。ただし、0.17%を超えると鋼板の靱性を劣化させることがある。このため、Cの含有量は0.02~0.17%とするのが好ましい。なお、Cは安価な元素であり、レーザーでの切断時にO(酸素)と鋼中のCとの反応熱による切断性の向上効果も期待できる。このため、C含有量の下限は0.05%とするのがより好ましい。また、C含有量の上限は0.16%とするのがより好ましい。
Mnは、鋼材の強度確保に有効な元素であるため、0.20%以上含有させるのが好ましい。しかしながら、Mnの含有量が1.60%を超えると、靱性の劣化およびレーザー切断性の劣化を招くことがある。したがって、Mnの含有量は0.20~1.60%とすることが好ましい。なお、Mn含有量の下限は0.30%とするのがより好ましい。
Cuは、不純物として鋼中に存在し、その含有量が多い場合には、Cuチェッキングを生じる懸念がある。このため、Cuの含有量は一定量以下に抑えるのがよく、0.03%未満とするのが好ましい。
Niも、不純物として鋼中に存在し、その含有量が多い場合には、鋳片の品位に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがある。このため、Niの含有量は一定量以下に抑えるのがよく、0.05%以下とするのが好ましい。
Sは、不純物として鋼中に存在し、レーザー切断性には殆ど影響を及ぼさないものの、その含有量が多い場合には、靱性等の機械的性質に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがある。したがって、Sの含有量は一定量以下に抑えるのがよく、0.015%以下とすることが好ましい。
Nは、不純物として鋼中に存在し、その含有量が多い場合には、溶接性および鋳片の品位に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがある。このため、Nの含有量は一定量以下に抑えるのがよく、0.009%以下とすることが好ましい。
既に(A)項で述べたように、P、TiおよびVはいずれも、Fe2SiO4の共晶点を下げる元素であり、溶融したFeあるいは鉄酸化物の低温度域での排出を容易にしてレーザー切断性を高める作用を有する。このため、(A)項に記載の量のSiとAlを含むとともに前記(1)式および(2)式を満たすという条件の下で、P、TiおよびVを多量に含有するほど良好なレーザー切断性が得られるが、これらの含有量が多い場合には、鋼材の各種特性に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがあるため、これら元素の含有量は一定量以下に抑えるのがよい。以下、このことに関して説明する。
Pは、不可避的に不純物として含まれる元素であるが、Fe2SiO4の共晶点を下げてレーザー切断性を高める作用を有するため、Pを多量に含有するほど良好なレーザー切断性が得られる。しかし、その含有量が多い場合には、溶接性および靱性に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがある。このため、Pの含有量は一定量以下に抑えるのがよく、0.04%以下とするのが好ましい。P含有量の下限は0.01%とすることが好ましい。
Tiは、Fe2SiO4の共晶点を下げる元素である。したがって、Tiを多量に含有するほど良好なレーザー切断性が得られるが、その含有量が多い場合には、溶接部の靱性に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがあるし、コスト面でも不利になる。このため、Tiの含有量は一定量以下に抑えるのがよく、0.08%以下とすることが好ましい。
VもFe2SiO4の共晶点を下げる元素である。このため、Vを多量に含有するほど良好なレーザー切断性が得られるが、その含有量が多い場合には、溶接部の靱性に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがあるし、コスト面でも不利になる。このため、Vの含有量は一定量以下に抑えるのがよく、0.08%以下とすることが好ましい。
(ロ)Mo:0.4%以下、W:0.4%以下およびNb:0.04%以下のうちの1種以上、
(ハ)B:0.003%以下、
(ニ)Ca:0.005%以下、Mg:0.005%以下およびREM:0.005%以下のうちの1種以上。
Crは、鋼板の強度を高める作用を有する。この効果を得るには、Crの含有量は 0.02%以上とすることが望ましい。より望ましくは0.03%以上である。しかしながら、その含有量が0.2%を超えると、融点が高いCr酸化物を形成して湯流れ性を悪化させて、レーザー切断表面の粗さの劣化および切断ノッチ形成につながるおそれがある。このため、含有させる場合のCrの含有量は、0.2%以下とした。なお、含有させる場合のCr含有量の下限は0.02%とすることが好ましく、0.03%とすれば一層好ましい。
Mo、WおよびNbは、強度を高める作用を有するので、この効果を得るために上記の元素を含有させてもよい。以下、詳しく説明する。
Bは、焼入れ性を高める作用を有する。この効果を得るためには、Bは0.0005%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかしながら、Bを0.0030%を超えて含有させると溶接性を劣化させるおそれがある。このため、含有させる場合のBの含有量は、0.0030%以下とした。なお、含有させる場合のB含有量の下限は0.0005%とすることが好ましい。
Ca、MgおよびREMは、溶接熱影響部(以下、「HAZ」という。)の靱性を改善する作用を有するので、この効果を得るために上記の元素を含有させてもよい。以下、詳しく説明する。
表1に示す化学組成を有する鋼1~19を実験室溶製した後、熱間圧延して幅が250mm、長さが500mmで、厚みがそれぞれ、16mmと23mmの2種類の鋼材を作製した。
上記実施例1と同様の試験を鋼材の表面粗さを様々に変えて行った。より具体的には、表1に記載の鋼1および鋼3を用い、ショットブラストにおけるショット球の大きさを様々に変えて表面粗さRzJISの異なる試験片を作製し、実施例1に示したものと同様にレーザー切断性を評価した。
<実施例1>で用いた鋼材の残材を用いて、特に厚み23mmの鋼材をプラズマ切断し、プラズマ切断性の評価を行った。
Claims (16)
- 表面のスケールを除去した鋼材であって、質量%で、Si:0.08~0.20%およびAl:0.03%を超えて0.08%以下を含むとともに、P、TiおよびVのうちの1種以上を含有し、さらに、下記(1)式および(2)式を満たすことを特徴とする酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材。
Al/Si≦0.45・・・(1)、
262×(Al/Si)+197×(P/Si)+225×(Ti/Si)+50×(V/Si)>123・・・(2)。
なお、(1)式および(2)式中の元素記号は、その元素の質量%での含有量を表す。 - 表面に無機系のジンクプライマーを塗布したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材。
- 表面粗さが十点平均粗さRzJISで15~85μmであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、C:0.02~0.17%、Si:0.08~0.20%、Mn:0.20~1.60%、Cu:0.03%未満、Ni:0.05%以下、S:0.015%以下、Al:0.03%を超えて0.08%以下およびN:0.009%以下を含むとともに、P:0.04%以下、Ti:0.08%以下およびV:0.08%以下のうちの1種以上を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなる鋼組成を有することを特徴とする請求項1から3までのいずれかに記載の酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、さらに、Cr:0.2%以下を含有することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、さらに、Mo:0.4%以下、W:0.4%以下およびNb:0.04%以下のうちの1種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載の酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、さらに、B:0.003%以下を含有することを特徴とする請求項4から6までのいずれかに記載の酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、さらに、Ca:0.005%以下、Mg:0.005%以下およびREM:0.005%以下のうちの1種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項4から7までのいずれかに記載の酸素を用いる熱切断用鋼材。
- 表面のスケールを除去した鋼材であって、質量%で、Si:0.08~0.20%およびAl:0.03%を超えて0.08%以下を含むとともに、P、TiおよびVのうちの1種以上を含有し、さらに、下記(1)式および(2)式を満たすことを特徴とするレーザー切断用鋼材。
Al/Si≦0.45・・・(1)、
262×(Al/Si)+197×(P/Si)+225×(Ti/Si)+50×(V/Si)>123・・・(2)。
なお、(1)式および(2)式中の元素記号は、その元素の質量%での含有量を表す。 - 表面に無機系のジンクプライマーを塗布したことを特徴とする請求項9に記載のレーザー切断用鋼材。
- 表面粗さが十点平均粗さRzJISで15~85μmであることを特徴とする請求項9または10に記載のレーザー切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、C:0.02~0.17%、Si:0.08~0.20%、Mn:0.20~1.60%、Cu:0.03%未満、Ni:0.05%以下、S:0.015%以下、Al:0.03%を超えて0.08%以下およびN:0.009%以下を含むとともに、P:0.04%以下、Ti:0.08%以下およびV:0.08%以下のうちの1種以上を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなる鋼組成を有することを特徴とする請求項9から11までのいずれかに記載のレーザー切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、さらに、Cr:0.2%以下を含有することを特徴とする請求項12に記載のレーザー切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、さらに、Mo:0.4%以下、W:0.4%以下およびNb:0.04%以下のうちの1種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項12または13に記載のレーザー切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、さらに、B:0.003%以下を含有することを特徴とする請求項12から14までのいずれかに記載のレーザー切断用鋼材。
- 質量%で、さらに、Ca:0.005%以下、Mg:0.005%以下およびREM:0.005%以下のうちの1種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項12から15までのいずれかに記載のレーザー切断用鋼材。
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