WO2009099348A1 - Печь для плавки в жидкой ванне материалов, содержащих цветные, черные металлы и тугоплавкие образования - Google Patents
Печь для плавки в жидкой ванне материалов, содержащих цветные, черные металлы и тугоплавкие образования Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009099348A1 WO2009099348A1 PCT/RU2008/000066 RU2008000066W WO2009099348A1 WO 2009099348 A1 WO2009099348 A1 WO 2009099348A1 RU 2008000066 W RU2008000066 W RU 2008000066W WO 2009099348 A1 WO2009099348 A1 WO 2009099348A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- electrode
- siphon
- slag
- metal
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/003—Dry processes only remelting, e.g. of chips, borings, turnings; apparatus used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the invention relates to devices for coke-free pyrometallurgical processing of metallurgical wastes (slag, blast furnace dust, oil scale, etc.) and non-ferrous and / or ferrous metals, in particular, containing refractory formations, and difficult to process in traditional furnaces (blast furnace, mine and others), such as titanium-magnetite ores.
- the disadvantage of this invention is that at the section of the upper and lower levels (surfaces) of liquid metal and slag melts accumulate refractory compounds, which over time leads to overgrowing of the walls and outlet holes of the siphon, and also entails arbitrary changes in the level of metal melt and / or slag in the siphon. As a result, there is a need for emergency or emergency stop of the furnace.
- the frequency of the change in the composition of the charge is very high and is not controlled, and a change in the height of the drain thresholds due to their overgrowing by refractory compounds requires a stop of the furnace.
- the closest technical solution is the Vanyukov furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals (patent P ⁇ > 2242687, F27 17/00, publ. 20.12.2004).
- the furnace contains a rectangular coffered shaft expanding in the upper part; transverse partitions dividing the shaft of the furnace into the oxidative melting chamber of the charge and the reduction chamber of slag oxides, the chambers provided with tuyeres.
- the furnace also contains a stepped hearth, a siphon with holes for the release of slag and a metal-containing phase; pipes for removing gases from the reduction chamber and the oxidative melting chamber, a device for loading solid materials into the reduction chamber, a device for loading solid materials into the oxidative melting chamber.
- the difference of this design is that the lower edge of the partition from the side of the oxidative melting chamber is set at 5-15 diameters of the tuyere of the oxidative melting chamber below the axis of these tuyeres.
- the upper edge of this partition is located above the axis of the tuyeres of the recovery chamber at 2.5-4.5 distances from the axis of the tuyeres of the recovery chamber to the threshold of the slag outlet.
- the formation and accumulation of refractory compounds between the channels for the release of slag and metal occurs, which, in turn, can create dangerous emergencies, for example, complete clogging of the cross section of the siphon.
- Local refractory materials can also be fused or fixed in the form of growths on different elements of the siphon.
- the inability to quickly remove them reduces the stability and reliability of the continuous operation of the furnace.
- the inability to continuously or quickly change the temperature at the interface between the upper level of the metal and the lower level of slag in the siphon bath leads to the loss of metal mechanically carried away by a viscous slag stream.
- the inability to perform continuous or, for example, every 10-15 minutes, control the level of metal and slag reduces the controllability of technological processes in the furnace bath.
- the proposed design of the furnace allows to solve a number of technical problems. . Firstly, it becomes possible to continuously or with an almost unlimited frequency supply additional heat directly to the interface between the metal layer and the slag, as well as to the places of accumulation of refractory compounds. This allows you to reduce the viscosity of the slag and without stopping the furnace to melt the growths of refractory materials not only from the walls of the siphon, but also in all zones of the siphon, on the bottom, in the overflow channels.
- the invention allows automatically or remotely, at the request of the operator, to control the change in slag and metal levels in the siphon bath and to promptly issue control actions to maintain their set value.
- the ability to directly measure the levels of metal and slag allows you to control the completeness of their release from the furnace bath, which eliminates the risk of slag entering the channel for the release of metal.
- the proposed furnace excludes the possibility of accumulation of finely dispersed carbon-containing and other combustible substances in the pipes for the removal of gases that are burned in the vertical risers of these pipes, and the heat generated is removed by an evaporative cooling system for risers for subsequent use.
- the furnace siphon can be simultaneously used for refining slag and metal, for example, for removing from them undesirable impurities such as phosphorus, sulfur and others.
- the siphon is additionally equipped with at least one sleeve for introducing and moving an electrode therein; an electrode manipulation unit; current source; block of instrumentation and automation; in this case, the upper part of the electrode is connected to the current source and the control and measuring unit and automation unit, and the output of the latter, in turn, is connected to the input of the manipulation unit, which provides its vertical reciprocating movement through the electrode drive
- a grounding device On the bottom of the furnace, near the location of the window of the lower part of the end wall of the siphon, a grounding device can be installed.
- the sleeve may be provided with a valve.
- the siphon may contain in the upper part a channel for the removal of gases, which is in communication with the upper super-tuyere zone of the furnace shaft.
- the gas exhaust pipe may include a riser for afterburning combustible substances in the flue gases. Between the roof of the furnace and the lower edge of the riser pipe for exhaust gases can be installed a device for regulating the vacuum under the roof of the furnace and air supply.
- the hearth of the furnace can be smooth, stepped or inclined.
- the transverse partition between the melting and recovery chamber may contain one or more windows located on the lower edges of the partition.
- the figure 1 presents a longitudinal section of the proposed furnace.
- the structure of the furnace includes: coffered shaft 1; tuyeres of the lower row 2, 3 (the number of tuyeres depends on the size and productivity of the furnace); tuyeres of the upper row 4; transverse partition 5 (presented without window); melting chamber of the furnace 6; recovery chamber of the furnace 7; siphon 8 with a channel for exhaust gases 9, communicating with the upper super-tuyere zone of the furnace (there may be several siphons depending on the territorial location of the furnace in the workshop and the amount of product mix: slag, metal, matte, etc.); end wall 10 with a window in the lower part for melt flow from the reduction chamber 7 to the siphon 8; an electrode 11, which is inserted inside the siphon through a sleeve 12 in its roof; the manipulation unit 13 with the drive 14 of the electrode 11, the current source 15 and the control unit and automation 16 (with sensors) connected to the upper end of the electrode 11, while the output of the control unit and automation
- the furnace operates as follows.
- the mixture with fluxing additives and solid fuel is loaded through the device 21 onto the surface of the blasting sparged melt by the blast melt into the melting chamber 6.
- the sparging of the melt and the oxidation of carbonaceous fuel are carried out by supplying oxygen-containing blast to the melt through the tuyeres 2 in the side walls of the furnace, set in the amount necessary for complete combustion of combustible components with maximum heat generation. Due to intensive mixing and heat generation from fuel combustion, the solid charge quickly melts and forms a homogeneous slag, which, as it accumulates in the bath of the melting chamber 6, flows through the upper edge of the partition 5 into the upper part of the reduction chamber 7.
- the lower the edge of the partition 5 from the side of the melting chamber was below the axis of the row of tuyeres 2 at a depth of 5-15 diameters of the hole of tuyeres 2.
- the depth of the edge is less than 5 diameters of tuyeres 2
- coal loaded into the melting chamber should be carried away slag into the reduction chamber, and the carbon / oxygen ratio and heat balance are violated in the melting chamber.
- the slag is cooled and frozen in the melting zone.
- natural gas or other energy carriers are additionally supplied through lances 2, 3 to chamber 6 or 7.
- additional fluxing materials including sulfidizing agents, are introduced into the melt in the reduction chamber 7 through the loading device 22.
- Coal is introduced in an amount necessary to reduce the oxides of recoverable metals and compensate for heat costs.
- the gases of the reduction chamber containing CO and H2 are burned to save fuel and reduce their toxicity by supplying oxygen-containing blast through a series of tuyeres 4.
- the furnace extra-furnace gases in the stage prior to filling the siphon bath 8 to the level of the slag discharge channel due to the communication of the gas exhaust channel 9 of the siphon 8 with the upper zone of the furnace recovery chamber, heat is transferred to the siphon elements 8 and slag in it.
- the siphon 8 As the siphon 8 is filled with slag to the level of the channel for the release of slag, the latter is opened and the release of slag begins. Then, after applying voltage to the blocks 16 and 13, using the block 13, the electrode 11 is inserted through the sleeve 12 into the siphon 8. At the same time, the end of the electrode 11 pushing off the normally closed valve (not shown) covering the passage hole of the sleeve 12 enters the internal cavity siphon 8.
- the low-voltage voltage from the current source 15 is supplied to the electrode 11 and the time mode is determined by monitoring the change in the nature (frequency properties) and the magnitude of the current and voltage consumed by the electrode 11, as well as measuring the electrode immersion the contact moment of the electrode And with the slag layer and fix the upper level of the slag in the siphon 8. Then continue the immersion of the electrode using block 13.
- the electrode 11 enters the interface between the metal and slag layers, the current through the electrode 11 increases sharply to a value close to the value of the short circuit, which will be fixed by block 16, and block 13 will stop the vertical movement of the electrode 11.
- the corresponding device in block 16 will show the metal level in the siphon.
- the electrode 11 is given the mode “Sliding motion)) or go into the mode of reciprocating movement of the electrode with experimentally selected frequency and amplitude. If slag and metal are continuously discharged through the corresponding channels, then the metal level in siphon 8 is maintained above the metal discharge channel with a certain margin vh.
- the metal level in the siphon bath 8 is periodically raised (for example, by covering or completely closing the metal outlet channel) and refractory formations are released through the slag channel of the siphon with subsequent controlled return of the metal level back to the specified technological regulations.
- the degree of recovery, the levels of slag and metal, the mechanical losses of the metal with slag stream are determined in any way.
- an electrode 11 the end of which is installed at the interface of the interfacing layers of metal and slag, is supplied with such voltage that heat is generated between the metal and slag layer, sufficient to reduce slag viscosity. In this case, the mechanical capture of metal by an overheated slag stream is minimized. Gases that are intensively liberated in this case, through the channel for the removal of gases 9, enter the arch of the furnace and give their heat to the soaking particles of the bubbling slag layer of the reduction chamber 7. In the modes where there is no need to use the electrode 11 to achieve the positive effects described here, the electrode is removed from the siphon 8 with full or partial disconnection from the current source 15. This, in turn, allows to save electricity and reduces the consumption of electrode material.
- block 19 in the composition of the proposed furnace allows you to burn portable fine particles and other combustible substances in the riser 18 of the pipe for exhaust gases 17, and the combustion products (ash, etc.) can be returned back to the furnace.
- Highly saturated steam in a riser with evaporative cooling is obtained from the heat generated in this process. This excludes not only the possibility of explosions due to the accumulation of finely dispersed ones; carbon-containing particles in the “dead” areas of the pipes for exhaust gases, but also allows you to get high-temperature steam for useful use, for example, to generate electricity in a steam generator.
- block 19 with open channels for air supply, significantly softens the vapor-gas pressures on the structural elements of the furnace when water enters the melt in the furnace (temperature 1500 - 1900 ° C) due to possible breakthroughs of the cooling caissons.
- the set of distinctive features of the inventive furnace allows for the long-term operation of the furnace according to the technological regulations while maintaining minimal mechanical loss of metals; at the same time, the safety and reliability of the furnace increases due to the controllability of the melting processes; increases the efficiency of the use of heat of the exhaust gases.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2008/000066 WO2009099348A1 (ru) | 2008-02-05 | 2008-02-05 | Печь для плавки в жидкой ванне материалов, содержащих цветные, черные металлы и тугоплавкие образования |
DE112008003678T DE112008003678T5 (de) | 2008-02-05 | 2008-02-05 | Ofen fürs Schmelzen in flüssiger Wanne von Stoffen, die Bunt-, Eisenmetalle und schwer schmelzbare Formationen enthalten |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2008/000066 WO2009099348A1 (ru) | 2008-02-05 | 2008-02-05 | Печь для плавки в жидкой ванне материалов, содержащих цветные, черные металлы и тугоплавкие образования |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009099348A1 true WO2009099348A1 (ru) | 2009-08-13 |
Family
ID=40952333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2008/000066 WO2009099348A1 (ru) | 2008-02-05 | 2008-02-05 | Печь для плавки в жидкой ванне материалов, содержащих цветные, черные металлы и тугоплавкие образования |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE112008003678T5 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2009099348A1 (ru) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2463368C2 (ru) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-10 | Валентин Петрович Быстров | Способ и устройство для переработки окисленных рудных материалов, содержащих железо, никель и кобальт |
CN107131766A (zh) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-09-05 | 泰州市兴华齿轮制造有限公司 | 一种固液分离式冶炼炉 |
CN109764679A (zh) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | 冶炼装置和冶炼方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB2161835A (en) * | 1984-07-18 | 1986-01-22 | Outokumpu Oy | Processing sulphide concentrates into raw material |
SU1316367A1 (ru) * | 1985-12-27 | 1988-03-15 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский горно-металлургический институт цветных металлов | Печь дл непрерывной плавки сульфидных материалов в жидкой ванне |
RU2236659C1 (ru) * | 2003-07-03 | 2004-09-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Институт Гинцветмет" | Агрегат для переработки медно-цинковых и свинцово-цинковых материалов |
RU2242687C1 (ru) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-12-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-экологическое предприятие ЭКОСИ" | Печь ванюкова для непрерывной плавки материалов, содержащих цветные и черные металлы |
RU2006109262A (ru) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-экологическое предпри тие Экоси" (RU) | Жидкофазная печь для плавки материалов, содержащих цветные и черные металлы |
RU2006114241A (ru) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-11-20 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Южно-Уральский никелевый комбинат" (RU) | Способ переработки сырья, содержащего металлы и железо |
-
2008
- 2008-02-05 DE DE112008003678T patent/DE112008003678T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-02-05 WO PCT/RU2008/000066 patent/WO2009099348A1/ru active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2161835A (en) * | 1984-07-18 | 1986-01-22 | Outokumpu Oy | Processing sulphide concentrates into raw material |
SU1316367A1 (ru) * | 1985-12-27 | 1988-03-15 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский горно-металлургический институт цветных металлов | Печь дл непрерывной плавки сульфидных материалов в жидкой ванне |
RU2242687C1 (ru) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-12-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-экологическое предприятие ЭКОСИ" | Печь ванюкова для непрерывной плавки материалов, содержащих цветные и черные металлы |
RU2236659C1 (ru) * | 2003-07-03 | 2004-09-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Институт Гинцветмет" | Агрегат для переработки медно-цинковых и свинцово-цинковых материалов |
RU2006109262A (ru) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-экологическое предпри тие Экоси" (RU) | Жидкофазная печь для плавки материалов, содержащих цветные и черные металлы |
RU2006114241A (ru) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-11-20 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Южно-Уральский никелевый комбинат" (RU) | Способ переработки сырья, содержащего металлы и железо |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2463368C2 (ru) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-10 | Валентин Петрович Быстров | Способ и устройство для переработки окисленных рудных материалов, содержащих железо, никель и кобальт |
CN107131766A (zh) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-09-05 | 泰州市兴华齿轮制造有限公司 | 一种固液分离式冶炼炉 |
CN109764679A (zh) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | 冶炼装置和冶炼方法 |
CN109764679B (zh) * | 2017-11-09 | 2024-04-23 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | 冶炼装置和冶炼方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112008003678T5 (de) | 2011-04-28 |
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