WO2009096490A1 - ペプチド固定化用溶液及びその利用 - Google Patents
ペプチド固定化用溶液及びその利用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009096490A1 WO2009096490A1 PCT/JP2009/051504 JP2009051504W WO2009096490A1 WO 2009096490 A1 WO2009096490 A1 WO 2009096490A1 JP 2009051504 W JP2009051504 W JP 2009051504W WO 2009096490 A1 WO2009096490 A1 WO 2009096490A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54393—Improving reaction conditions or stability, e.g. by coating or irradiation of surface, by reduction of non-specific binding, by promotion of specific binding
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- the present invention relates to a peptide immobilization solution and use thereof, and more particularly to a peptide immobilization solution, a method for producing a solid phase carrier on which a peptide is immobilized, a peptide array, and a method for using a peptide array.
- proteins and peptides have been attracting attention regarding mechanisms related to diseases.
- Information on disease-related genes and their compounds / proteins encoding them has become available through genome analysis, but protein function analysis is required for actual diagnosis and drug discovery.
- protein function analysis is required for actual diagnosis and drug discovery.
- the present inventors have made various studies on a method for immobilizing a peptide on a solid phase carrier.
- a peptide immobilization solution containing dissolved peptide contains sodium dodecyl sulfate and the like.
- the present inventors have found that the amount of immobilization can be improved and the fluctuation of the amount of immobilization can be reduced by containing the surfactant. Based on this finding, the present inventors have completed the present invention. That is, according to the present invention, the following means are provided.
- a peptide immobilization solution for immobilizing a peptide on a solid phase carrier A solution containing a surfactant.
- the surfactant can increase the amount of the peptide immobilized on the solid phase carrier as compared with the case where a peptide immobilization solution not containing the surfactant is used.
- the solution according to (1) which is an active agent.
- the surfactant includes an anionic surfactant.
- a supply method comprising: (10) The peptide supply step is a step of preparing a peptide immobilization solution containing the peptide and the surfactant and supplying the peptide immobilization solution on the solid phase carrier.
- the solid support is plate-shaped,
- the step of supplying the peptide immobilization solution is a step of discharging the peptide immobilization solution onto the solid phase carrier as droplets by a droplet discharge method by piezoelectric driving or electrostatic driving.
- a method for producing a peptide-immobilized body in which a peptide is immobilized on a solid phase carrier Supplying the peptide to the solid phase carrier so as to form a state in which the peptide coexists with a surfactant on the solid phase carrier; Immobilizing the peptide supplied on the solid support on the solid support;
- a manufacturing method comprising: (13) In the peptide supply step, one or more peptide immobilization solutions containing the peptide and a surfactant are prepared, and the peptide immobilization solution is supplied onto the solid phase carrier.
- the manufacturing method according to (12) which is a process.
- the surfactant includes sodium dodecyl sulfate.
- the peptide immobilization solution further contains a salt.
- the solid phase carrier is plate-shaped,
- the peptide supply step is a step of discharging the peptide immobilization solution onto the solid phase carrier as droplets by a droplet discharge method using piezoelectric driving or electrostatic driving.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the peptide array prepared in Example 1. It is a figure which shows the evaluation result about the fixed amount of the peptide obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the evaluation result about the spot diameter obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the peptide array prepared in Example 2. It is a figure which shows the evaluation result of the storage stability of a peptide array. It is a figure which shows the evaluation result of the variation in the amount of immobilization about the same sample in a peptide array.
- the present invention relates to a peptide immobilization solution and use thereof. That is, the present invention relates to a peptide immobilization solution, a method for supplying a peptide onto a solid phase carrier, a method for producing a solid phase carrier on which a peptide is retained, a solid phase carrier on which a peptide is retained, a peptide array, and a peptide array. It relates to usage.
- a surfactant is also supplied on the solid phase carrier together with the peptide to be immobilized. . That is, a state in which the peptide and the surfactant coexist on the solid phase carrier is formed. When such a state is formed, the amount of peptide immobilized is increased, and the amount of peptide immobilized is stabilized.
- the peptide exhibits a charge and polarity (nonpolarity) corresponding to the amino acid constituting it.
- a surfactant having a hydrophobic group and a hydrophilic group interacts with such a peptide and adsorbs and orients it, thereby preparing an environment for discharging and immobilizing the peptide on the solid phase carrier. Such interaction between the peptide and the surfactant is presumed to contribute to the immobilization of the peptide on the solid phase carrier.
- a good peptide immobilization amount can be obtained on the solid phase carrier.
- a stable immobilization amount can be obtained on the solid phase carrier. Furthermore, a more reliable evaluation system can be constructed.
- the solid phase carrier is used by the droplet discharge method. It is suitable for the supply form discharged as droplets.
- FIG. 1 shows a state in which the peptide immobilization solution of the present invention is supplied as droplets on a solid phase carrier.
- peptide means a compound formed by binding two or more amino acids by a peptide bond (—CO—NH—).
- immobilization of peptide means that the “peptide” is immobilized on a solid phase carrier by some interaction with the surface thereof.
- the interactions are not limited and include hydrogen bonds, dipole interactions, hydrophilic or hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonds, electrostatic bonds, covalent bonds, and the like.
- the “solid phase carrier” means an object having at least a part of a solid phase on which a peptide is immobilized.
- the solid phase carrier of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the property of the solid phase of the solid phase carrier is not limited.
- the peptide immobilization solution is a solution for supplying at least a peptide on a solid phase carrier for the final purpose of immobilizing the peptide on the solid phase carrier. Peptides are present as solutes in this solution.
- the solvent of this solution is preferably an aqueous medium.
- the aqueous medium includes water or a mixed solution with an organic solvent compatible with water. Although it does not specifically limit as an organic solvent, DMSO etc. are mentioned.
- the pH of the peptide immobilization solution is appropriately determined, but can be about 4 to 10.
- the peptide to be immobilized in the peptide immobilization solution of the present invention may be naturally derived or synthesized.
- Naturally-occurring peptides include naturally occurring peptides or fragments thereof.
- Synthetic peptides may be chemically synthesized by, for example, a well-known solid phase synthesis method or may be synthesized by genetic engineering. Moreover, it may be modified and synthesized based on a naturally derived peptide.
- the peptide to be immobilized is a peptide having an amino acid sequence of a substrate recognition site of a predetermined enzyme, a peptide having an amino acid sequence of a ligand recognition site that binds to a predetermined receptor, or a binding site of a predetermined receptor or an inhibitor of the enzyme
- examples thereof include peptides having an amino acid sequence, peptides to which an antibody binds or peptides having an amino acid sequence serving as an epitope thereof, various physiologically active peptides such as cytokines and hormones, or peptides having an amino acid sequence of an active site thereof. It is sufficient that the peptide to be immobilized has the amino acid sequence as described above.
- the peptide to be immobilized does not necessarily need to have a functional group that crosslinks or condenses with a functional group on the surface of the solid phase carrier, but does not exclude such chemical modification.
- a functional group includes a cysteine or thiol group, an oxyamino group, etc., depending on the type of the functional group formed on the surface of the solid phase carrier.
- the peptide to be immobilized may have an amino acid sequence that serves as an appropriate linker.
- the linker is appropriately used when bonded to a solid phase carrier by chemical bonding or the like. It is preferable to modify the linker with a functional group necessary for chemical bond formation.
- the number of amino acid residues constituting the linker is not particularly limited, but preferably does not exceed the length advantageous for immobilization as a whole.
- the number of constituent amino acid residues of the peptide to be immobilized is not particularly limited, but in consideration of the immobilization ability, it is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 30 or less, and still more preferably 20 or less. . Furthermore, it is preferably 10 or less.
- the number of amino acid residues of the peptide to be immobilized varies depending on the type of interaction to be evaluated, but may be 30 or less in consideration of synthesis difficulty, specificity and efficiency in screening, and the like. preferable. Moreover, when epitope search etc. are considered, More preferably, it is 20 or less. In view of the number of residues recognized by the antibody as an epitope and the necessity of a so-called linker site for avoiding steric hindrance, the number is preferably 6 or more.
- a single peptide immobilization solution may contain only one kind of peptide or may contain two or more kinds of peptides. Only one type of peptide may be supplied and immobilized on one evaluation region on the solid phase carrier to evaluate the interaction between each peptide and the test sample, or two or more types of peptides may be included in one evaluation region. You may make it supply and evaluate the interaction of 2 or more types of peptides and a test sample.
- the peptide immobilization solution of the present invention can contain a surfactant.
- the surfactant is not limited as long as it can at least solubilize the peptide to be immobilized, but in comparison with the case of using a peptide immobilization solution that does not contain the surfactant, A surfactant capable of increasing the amount of the peptide immobilized on the carrier is preferred. By using such a surfactant, the amount of the peptide immobilized on the solid phase carrier can be increased.
- Surfactants include ionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
- ionic surface activity can be preferably used. It is considered that the peptide is charged and the surfactant is preferably ionic as well in order to immobilize the peptide.
- anionic surfactants include, for example, fatty acid salts such as fatty acid sodium (RCOOM), alkylbenzene sulfonates such as sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate (RSO 3 M), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).
- Monoalkyl sulfate (RSO 4 M) (in the above, M represents an alkali metal such as sodium).
- An anionic surfactant is preferable from the viewpoint of chemical stability and cost. More preferably, it is SDS from the viewpoint of abundant use results with respect to biomaterials.
- Examples of the cationic surfactant include quaternary ammonium salts such as alkyltrimethylammonium salts, dialkyldimethylammonium salts, and alkylbenzyldimethylammonium salts, and alkylpyridiniums.
- the peptide immobilization solution may contain only one type of surfactant, or may contain two or more types.
- amphoteric surfactant can be preferably used in consideration of the orientation of the surfactant.
- amphoteric surfactants include alkyl dimethylamine oxide and alkyl carboxybetaine.
- nonionic surfactants can also be preferably used.
- the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, fatty acid sorbitan ester, alkyl polyglucoside, fatty acid diethanolamide, and alkyl monoglyceryl ether.
- the peptide immobilization solution can further contain a salt.
- the salt is preferably one that does not impair the physiological activity of the peptide.
- Examples of such salts include buffered phosphates and citrates.
- the kind of the buffering salt is also appropriately selected according to the pH imparted to the peptide immobilization solution.
- the peptide immobilization solution can further contain other solutes as necessary.
- Solid phase carrier The structure of the solid phase of the solid phase carrier to which the peptide immobilization solution is applied is not particularly limited.
- the solid phase may be dense, or may be porous having closed cells and / or open cells. It may be a knitted body, a woven body, an entangled body, or the like formed by combining various forms of fibrous bodies.
- the shape of the solid support is not limited.
- the solid support can be, for example, a flat sheet or plate, or a spherical shape. When arraying peptides, it is preferable to use a plate-like body as a solid phase carrier.
- the surface on which the peptide is immobilized may be one surface of the solid support having such a shape, and if it has a wide surface of a flat solid support, a spherical surface, or a hollow part, it is the outer surface thereof. May also be the inner surface.
- the material for such a solid phase carrier is not particularly limited. For example, natural materials such as glass, ceramics, plastic, metal, and wood may be used.
- the surface on which the peptide of the solid phase carrier is immobilized is preferably hydrophilic considering the affinity with the peptide immobilization solution.
- an ionic surfactant when used as the surfactant, it preferably has an ionic functional group opposite to the ion (anion and / or cation) of the surfactant.
- a solid phase carrier itself has a functional group, or such a functional group is provided on the surface of the solid phase carrier.
- Such a functional group is not particularly limited, and examples of the cationic functional group that becomes a cation when dissociated in water include amino groups such as a primary amino group and a secondary amino group, and imino groups.
- examples of the anionic functional group that becomes an anion when dissociated in water include a carboxyl group, a phosphate group, and a sulfonate group.
- the solid phase carrier can have a functional group capable of binding to the peptide or a separately added cross-linking agent on the surface thereof.
- a functional group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an active ester group, an epoxy group, a maleimide group, a formyl group, and a benzylthioester group.
- the peptide immobilization solution described above is supplied onto a solid phase carrier, and can form a state in which the peptide and the surfactant coexist on the solid phase carrier. As a result, the action described above can be exhibited.
- the form in which the peptide immobilization solution is supplied to the solid phase carrier is not particularly limited. This is because the purpose of this solution is to form a coexistence state of the peptide and the surfactant on the solid phase carrier and to efficiently immobilize the peptide on the solid phase carrier.
- such a solution is supplied as droplets on a solid support. This is because according to such a supply form, the peptides can be easily arrayed.
- a contact method in which a pin contacts a solid phase carrier and a non-contact method through a liquid suitable discharge head used for ink jet or the like.
- a non-contact method via a droplet ejection head is more preferable.
- a droplet discharge head by piezoelectric driving or electrostatic driving is used. According to these driving methods, the denaturation of the peptide can be suppressed, and even the peptide immobilization solution containing the surfactant can suppress the generation of bubbles in the discharge channel.
- each droplet can be discharged with high accuracy, and a large amount of peptide can be immobilized on the solid phase carrier with a stable amount of immobilization. Therefore, it is possible to easily form a peptide array with a good amount of immobilization and in which fluctuation of the amount of peptide immobilization between droplets (evaluation regions) is suppressed. Since peptides exhibit various characteristics depending on the amino acid composition, it is preferable to employ a piezoelectric driving system that has a large driving force (ejection force) and a large room for adjustment between peptides.
- the method for supplying the peptide of the present invention onto a solid phase carrier comprises the step of supplying the peptide to the solid phase carrier so as to form a state in which the peptide coexists with a surfactant on the solid phase carrier. Can do. By forming such a state on the solid phase carrier, the peptide and the surfactant interact with each other, so that the peptide is easily immobilized on the solid phase carrier.
- the peptide immobilization solution of the present invention containing a peptide and a surfactant can be prepared in advance, and this solution can be supplied as droplets on a solid phase carrier.
- a droplet of peptide or surfactant may be supplied in advance on a solid phase carrier, and then the other droplet may be supplied in an overlapping manner.
- the peptide or surfactant applied in advance may be in the form of droplets containing the peptide or surfactant, or may be solidified when the other is subsequently supplied onto the solid phase carrier. Good.
- the peptide immobilization solution of the present invention is preferably used.
- the solid phase carrier is formed into a plate-like body, and the peptide immobilization solution is converted into droplets by a droplet ejection method using piezoelectric driving or electrostatic driving. It is preferable to discharge onto a solid support.
- the method for producing a solid phase carrier retaining the peptide of the present invention comprises a step of supplying the peptide to the solid phase carrier so as to form a state in which the peptide coexists with a surfactant on the solid phase carrier, Immobilizing on a solid support.
- the peptide is easily fixed to the solid support by the interaction between the peptide and the surfactant. In this state, more peptides are immobilized on the solid phase carrier by immobilizing the peptide on the solid phase carrier.
- the peptide can be immobilized while suppressing variations in the amount of immobilization.
- the peptide supplying step is as already described in the method for supplying a peptide to a solid phase carrier of the present invention.
- the method for immobilizing the peptide on the solid phase carrier is not particularly limited.
- Peptide and surfactant are allowed to coexist in a suitable solvent, typically an aqueous medium, and then the aqueous medium is dried to distill off to allow interaction between the peptide and the solid support surface.
- a suitable solvent typically an aqueous medium
- the aqueous medium is dried to distill off to allow interaction between the peptide and the solid support surface.
- / or the peptide can be immobilized on the solid support by the interaction between the surfactant and the solid support surface.
- the peptide and / or solid phase carrier surface has a crosslinkable functional group, or the peptide can be immobilized on the solid phase via a covalent bond by including a crosslinker in the aqueous medium in addition to the peptide and the surfactant. It can be immobilized on a carrier.
- treatment such as heating of the solid phase carrier can be performed as necessary.
- the surfactant coexists with the peptide as it is.
- a washing operation such as removing unreacted substances can be performed as necessary.
- the surfactant may be substantially removed.
- a peptide array can be produced by using a plate-like body as a solid phase carrier and supplying a peptide immobilization solution or the like onto the solid phase carrier in droplets. As already described, it is preferable to discharge the peptide immobilization solution onto the solid phase carrier as droplets by a droplet discharge method using piezoelectric driving or electrostatic driving. Variations in the amount of droplets supplied between droplets (evaluation regions) can be suppressed, and as a result, a peptide array can be produced in which variations in the amount of immobilized peptides are suppressed and the amount of immobilized peptides is good.
- the peptide-immobilized product obtained by the production method of the present invention can have the following configuration. That is, the peptide-immobilized body includes a solid phase carrier, and an evaluation region that holds one or more peptides and one or more surfactants on the solid phase carrier, respectively. be able to. This solid phase is in a state before the surfactant is removed by washing or the like.
- the evaluation area is an area prepared for evaluation of the peptide on the solid phase carrier. By immobilizing a peptide by coexisting a peptide and a surfactant in this evaluation region, the peptide can be an evaluation target.
- a plate-like solid phase carrier is preferably prepared and formed by arranging such evaluation regions in a matrix.
- peptide-immobilized body of the present invention an effective amount of peptide is retained in each evaluation region, and variation in the amount of peptide immobilization between evaluation regions is suppressed. For this reason, a more reliable evaluation system can be easily constructed.
- the peptide array of the present invention comprises a plate-like solid phase carrier, two or more evaluation regions on the solid phase carrier, and one or more peptides and one or more surfactants. And an evaluation region for holding each of them.
- the peptide array uses a plate-like body as a solid phase carrier in the peptide-immobilized body of the present invention, and a plurality of, preferably several tens or more evaluation regions are prepared in a matrix on the solid phase carrier. is there. According to such a peptide array, it is possible to evaluate with high reliability and efficiency with respect to an interaction that may be exhibited by many kinds of peptides.
- the coefficient of variation of the peptide immobilization amount of the peptide immobilized on each evaluation region formed on the solid support can be 20% or less on average. More preferably, it is 10% or less, More preferably, it is 5% or less. When the coefficient of variation is 5% or less, quantitative analysis is possible as a clinical test tool.
- the peptide array of the present invention can be used for detection and evaluation of various interactions between peptides and other substances. Since a quantitatively effective amount of the peptide can be immobilized in each evaluation region while suppressing variation, it is possible to evaluate with good detection accuracy and reproducibility, and it is possible to evaluate the interaction with high reliability.
- the interaction detected by the peptide array of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- substrate arrays of various enzymes such as protein kinase, protease, hydrolase, ligand array, inhibitor array, epitope array, and other physiologically active peptide arrays Can be mentioned.
- the peptide to be immobilized In the peptide-immobilized body and peptide array of the present invention, the peptide to be immobilized, the surfactant, the solid phase carrier, the peptide supply form, etc. Various aspects described in the manufacturing method are applied as they are.
- a peptide array was prepared using an inkjet type (piezoelectric drive type) microarray manufacturing apparatus. In order to evaluate the possibility of mass production, the array was manufactured under the condition that the time from the start to the end of the spot was equivalent to the production of 2000 sheets (including appropriate disposal). The peptide used was FITC-labeled so as to enable evaluation of the prepared array. Evaluation of the array was performed by measuring the amount of immobilization with a fluorescence scanner after immobilizing the peptide.
- peptides As peptides, four types of peptides consisting of the amino acid sequences described in SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 4 were used and dissolved in the following solvents to obtain a peptide immobilization solution. Other peptide array production conditions were as follows.
- Sequence number 1 NQFLYPYPYAKPAAVR Sequence number 2: STEVFTKKTKLTEEEK Sequence number 3: EKNRRLNFLKKISQRYQ Sequence number 4: YQLDAYPSGAWYYVPL
- Peptide immobilization solution 16 residues, 4 types, 2.0 mg / ml
- Solvent 0.1% by mass SDS, 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 8.5) * However, 0.2 mass% SDS solution was added to various peptides in a powder form and mixed, and then an equal amount of 40 mM phosphate buffer was added, and dissolution of the peptide was confirmed with an optical microscope.
- the amount of the immobilized peptide was evaluated by the fluorescence intensity, and the variation was evaluated by the coefficient of variation (CV) of the fluorescence intensity. Separately, CV was calculated by measuring the spot diameter (spot quantification). CV was calculated as standard deviation / average value ⁇ 100 (%) (hereinafter the same).
- FIG. 3 shows comparison results (Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2) of peptide immobilization amount (fluorescence intensity) depending on the type of solvent of the peptide immobilization solution obtained based on the above evaluation results. . Moreover, the comparison result (Example 1 and Comparative Example 3) of the spot diameter by the difference in the supply form (inkjet system and pin system) of the peptide immobilization solution is shown in FIG.
- Example 1 Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, all four types of peptides could be dissolved in Example 1, but in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, there were peptides that could not be partially dissolved. there were.
- the fluorescence intensities (average values) obtained for the peptide-dissolving solutions of the peptides (SEQ ID NO: 3: EKKNLNFLKISQRYQ) dissolved in all the solvents of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were compared. As shown in FIG. 3, the fluorescence intensity obtained for Example 1 was 2 to 3 times that of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. Moreover, CV (%) of Example 1 was 3/4 to 1/2 of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, respectively. From the above results, it was found that the peptide immobilization solution of Example 1 can increase the amount of peptide immobilization, and also suppress the variation in the amount of immobilization between spots.
- the spot diameter by the ink jet method is very small, whereas the spot diameter by the pin method is CV (% ) And fluctuated about 5 times. From the above results, it was found that a stable spot diameter was obtained by the droplet ejection by the ink jet method, and the detection accuracy was extremely excellent as compared with that by the pin method. In addition, it was found that the inclusion of a surfactant in the solvent for the peptide immobilization solution allows the droplets to be supplied and held on the solid phase carrier in a state where variation in droplet size is suppressed. .
- the use of a surfactant as a peptide immobilization solution has the advantages of high peptide solubility, large amount of peptide immobilization, and small variation in peptide immobilization amount.
- the variation in the amount of immobilized peptides was small even under the conditions for mass production.
- Storage stability of peptide arrays In this example, the storage stability of the prepared peptide array was evaluated.
- an assay was performed using the serum of a milk allergic patient. After preparation, the peptide array was vacuum packaged and stored in a desiccator at room temperature, and stored for 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months, respectively. Using the peptide array after each storage period, the assay was performed on three of each. The peptide array assayed on the same day without adding serum was used as the background of nonspecific adsorption in each peptide, and the average was subtracted from the fluorescence intensity in each peptide of the actually assayed carrier.
- the peptide used in the present Example includes a peptide that may be an epitope of milk allergy.
- the amino acid sequences of these peptides (SEQ ID NOs: 5 to 35) were as shown below. Moreover, it melt
- Other peptide array production conditions were as follows.
- Peptide immobilization solution 16 residues, 31 types, 2.0 mg / ml Solvent: 0.1% by mass SDS, 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 8.5) *
- poly-DL-alanine manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH: P9003 MW1000-5000
- SIGMA-ALDRICH P9003 MW1000-5000
- the peptide array produced in this example can be assayed without problems until 6 months after production by supplying the peptide immobilization solution to the solid phase carrier and then storing it in a vacuum state. This was possible and was found to be excellent in storage stability.
- the CV tends to increase compared with the signal detected with low fluorescence intensity, but the peptide array prepared in Example 2 showed an average value of about 7.7% as CV.
- This is Tapia et al. (Tapier V, Bongartz J, Schutkowski M, Bruni N, Weiser A, Ay B, Volkmer R, Or-Guil M. Affinity Profiling. -118. (2007)), it was possible to produce a peptide array with higher accuracy considering that the CV in the peptide array carrier was about 28% as a whole.
Abstract
Description
界面活性剤を含有する、溶液。
(2)前記界面活性剤は、前記界面活性剤を含有しないペプチド固定化用溶液を用いた場合と比較して、前記固相担体上への前記ペプチドの固定化量を増加させることができる界面活性剤である、(1)に記載の溶液。
(3) 前記界面活性剤はイオン性界面活性剤を含む、(1)又は(2)に記載の溶液。
(4) 前記界面活性剤はアニオン系界面活性剤を含む、(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の溶液。
(5) 前記界面活性剤はドデシル硫酸ナトリウムを含む(4)に記載の溶液。
(6) さらに、塩を含有する、(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の溶液。
(7) 前記ペプチドは、50残基以下のアミノ酸残基からなるペプチドである、(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の溶液。
(8) 圧電駆動又は静電駆動による液滴吐出方式での固相担体への供給用である、(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載の溶液。
(9) ペプチドの固相担体上への供給方法であって、
固相担体上において界面活性剤とともに前記ペプチドが共存する状態を形成するように前記ペプチドを前記固相担体に供給する工程、
を備える、供給方法。
(10) 前記ペプチド供給工程は、前記ペプチドと前記界面活性剤とを含有するペプチドの固定化用溶液を準備し、前記固相担体上に前記ペプチド固定化用溶液を供給する工程である、(9)に記載の供給方法。
(11) 前記固相担体はプレート状であり、
前記ペプチド固定化用溶液の供給工程は、前記ペプチド固定化用溶液を、圧電駆動又は静電駆動による液滴吐出方式によって液滴として前記固相担体上に吐出する工程である、(9)又は(10)記載の供給方法。
(12) ペプチドが固相担体に固定化されたペプチド固定化体の製造方法であって、
前記固相担体上において界面活性剤とともに前記ペプチドが共存する状態を形成するように前記ペプチドを前記固相担体に供給する工程と、
前記固相担体上に供給された前記ペプチドを前記固相担上に固定化する工程と、
を備える、製造方法。
(13) 前記ペプチド供給工程は、前記ペプチドと界面活性剤とを含有する1種又は2種以上のペプチド固定化用溶液を準備し、前記ペプチド固定化用溶液を前記固相担体上に供給する工程である、(12)記載の製造方法。
(14) 前記界面活性剤は、アニオン系界面活性剤である、(12)又は(13)に記載の製造方法。
(15) 前記界面活性剤は、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウムを含む、(14)に記載の製造方法。
(16) 前記ペプチド固定化用溶液は、さらに、塩を含有する、(12)~(15)のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
(17) 前記ペプチドは、50残基以下のアミノ酸残基からなるペプチドである、(12)~(16)のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
(18) 前記固相担体はプレート状であり、
前記ペプチド供給工程は、前記ペプチド固定化用溶液を、圧電駆動又は静電駆動による液滴吐出方式によって液滴として前記固相担体上に吐出する工程である、(13)~(17)のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
(19)ペプチドが固相担体に固定化されたペプチド固定化体であって、
(12)~(18)のいずれかに記載の製造方法によって得られる、ペプチド固定化体。
(20)ペプチドアレイであって、
プレート状の固相担体と、
前記固相担体上にある2個以上の評価領域であって、1種又は2種以上のペプチドと1種又は2種以上の界面活性剤とをそれぞれ保持する評価領域と、
を備える、ペプチドアレイ。
(22)前記1種類又は2種類以上の界面活性剤はアニオン系界面活性剤を含む、(21)に記載のペプチドアレイ。
(23) 前記1種又は2種以上のペプチドは、50残基以下のアミノ酸残基からなるペプチドを含む、(21)又は(22)に記載のペプチドアレイ。
ペプチド固定化用溶液は、ペプチドを固相担体上に固定化することを最終的な目的として、少なくともペプチドを固相担体上に供給するための溶液である。ペプチドは、この溶液中において溶質として存在している。この溶液の溶媒は水性媒体であることが好ましい。水性媒体とは、水、又は水と相溶する有機溶媒との混液を含んでいる。有機溶媒としては、特に限定しないが、DMSO等が挙げられる。ペプチド固定化用溶液のpHは、適宜決定されるが、pH4~10程度とすることができる。
本発明のペプチド固定化用溶液において固定化対象とするペプチドとしては、天然由来のものであってもいし、合成のものであってもよい。天然由来のペプチドとは、天然に存在するもの又はその断片を含んでいる。また、合成ペプチドとは、例えば、周知の固相合成法等により化学的に合成するものであってもよいし、遺伝子工学的に合成するものであってもよい。また、天然由来のペプチドに基づいて改変して合成したものであってもよい。
本発明のペプチド固定化用溶液は界面活性剤を含有することができる。本発明において界面活性剤としては、少なくとも固定化しようとするペプチドを可溶化できるものであればよいが、その界面活性剤を含有しないペプチド固定化用溶液を用いた場合と比較して、固相担体上へのペプチドの固定化量を増加させることができる界面活性剤であることが好ましい。こうした界面活性剤を用いることにより、固相担体上へのペプチドの固定化量を増大させることができる。
ペプチド固定化用溶液を適用する固相担体の固相の構造は特に限定されない。その固相は、緻密質であってもよいし、独立気泡及び/又は連続気泡を有する多孔質であってもよい。各種形態の繊維状体を組み合わせてなる編成体、織成体及び交絡体などであってもよい。固相担体の形状も限定しない。固相担体は例えば、平坦なシート状、プレート状のほか、球状等とすることができる。ペプチドをアレイ化する場合には、固相担体としてプレート状体を用いることが好ましい。
本発明のペプチドの固相担体上への供給方法は、固相担体上において界面活性剤とともに前記ペプチドが共存する状態を形成するように前記ペプチドを前記固相担体に供給する工程を、備えることができる。固相担体上においてこのような状態を形成することで、ペプチドと界面活性剤が相互作用して、ペプチドが固相担体上に固定化されやすくなる。
本発明のペプチドが保持された固相担体の製造方法は、固相担体上において界面活性剤とともに前記ペプチドが共存する状態を形成するように前記ペプチドを前記固相担体に供給する工程と、ペプチドを固相担上に固定化する工程と、を備えることができる。この方法によれば、ペプチドと界面活性剤との相互作用により固相担体にペプチドが固定されやすくなっている。この状態で、ペプチドを固相担体に固定化することで、より多くのペプチドが固相担体上に固定される。また、固定化量のバラツキを抑制してペプチドを固定化できる。ペプチドの供給工程については、本発明のペプチドの固相担体への供給方法にて既に説明したとおりである。
本発明の製造方法によって得られる、ペプチド固定化体は、以下の構成を有することができる。すなわち、ペプチド固定化体は、固相担体と、固相担体上にある、1種又は2種以上のペプチドと1種又は2種以上の界面活性剤とをそれぞれ保持する評価領域と、を備えることができる。この固相体は、界面活性剤が洗浄等により除去される前の状態である。評価領域は、固相担体上にペプチドの評価のために準備された領域である。この評価領域内にペプチドと界面活性剤とを共存させてペプチドを固定化することで、ペプチドを評価対象とすることができる。プレート状の固相担体には、こうした評価領域をマトリックス状に配列して準備し、形成することが好ましい。
本発明のペプチドアレイは、プレート状の固相担体と、固相担体上にある2個以上の評価領域であって、1種又は2種以上のペプチドと1種又は2種以上の界面活性剤とをそれぞれ保持する評価領域と、を備えることができる。ペプチドアレイは、本発明のペプチド固定化体において、固相担体としてプレート状体を用い、複数個の、好ましくは数十個以上の評価領域が固相担体上にマトリックス状に準備された形態である。このようなペプチドアレイによれば、多数種類のペプチドが奏する可能性のある相互作用につき、高い信頼性でかつ効率的に評価できる。
本実施例では、インクジェット方式(圧電駆動方式)のマイクロアレイ製造装置を用いてペプチドアレイを作製した。アレイの作製は、大量生産の可否をも評価するため、スポット開始から終了までの時間が、2000枚生産相当となる条件で実施した(適宜捨て打ちを含めて実施した)。ペプチドは、作製したアレイの評価を可能とするべく、FITC標識したものを使用した。アレイの評価は、ペプチドの固定化処理を実施した上で、その固定化量を蛍光スキャナーで測定して行った。なお、ペプチドは、配列番号1~4に記載のアミノ酸配列からなる4種類のペプチドを用い、以下に示す溶媒に溶解してペプチド固定化用溶液とした。その他のペプチドアレイの作製条件は以下の通りであった。
配列番号2:STEVFTKKTKLTEEEK
配列番号3:EKNRLNFLKKISQRYQ
配列番号4:YQLDAYPSGAWYYVPL
ペプチド:16残基、4種類、2.0mg/ml
溶媒:0.1質量%SDS、20mM リン酸緩衝液(pH8.5)
*ただし、粉末状の各種ペプチドに0.2質量%SDS溶液を添加し混合後、等量の40mMリン酸緩衝液を添加し、ペプチドの溶解を光学顕微鏡にて確認して調製した。
(2)スポット数:1020(255×4種類)
(3)スポットパターン:各種ペプチドにつき15行×17列(ピッチ200μm)
(4)スポット速度:1020スポット目で2000枚生産相当となる条件(適宜捨て打ちを実施)
(5)固相担体:76.2mm×25.4mm×1mm(活性エステル基板)
(6)ペプチド固定化用溶液の固相担体への供給
インクジェット方式のマイクロアレイ製造装置に所定量のペプチド溶液をセットし、ペプチド固定化用溶液を上記(2)~(4)の条件で固相担体上にスポットした。なお、スポット領域を図2に示した。
(7)ペプチドの固定化
以下の操作で、ペプチドを固相担体上に固定化した。
a)80℃で1時間加熱処理をする
b)(2×SSC,0.2%SDS)溶液に15分間浸漬する(室温)
c)(2×SSC,0.2%SDS)溶液に5分間浸漬する(95℃)
d)滅菌水中で10回程度振とうする(3回)
e)遠心乾燥する
(8)評価
蛍光スキャナー(GEヘルスケア バイオサイエンス製ArrayWorx)でペプチドアレイの蛍光強度を測定し、数値解析ソフト(Axon社製Gene Pix.Pro)にて蛍光強度の数値化を実施した。さらに、固定化されたペプチド量を蛍光強度、そのバラツキを蛍光強度の変動係数(CV)にて評価した。また、別に、スポット径(スポット定量性)を測定してCVを算出した。なお、CVは、標準偏差/平均値×100(%)として算出した(以下、同じ。)。
(1)ペプチド固定化用溶液
溶媒:5質量%DMSO
*ただし、粉末状の各種ペプチドに5質量%DMSOを添加し混合した。
(1)ペプチド固定化用溶液
溶媒:20質量%グリセロール
*ただし、粉末状の各種ペプチドに20質量%グリセロールを添加し混合した。
(1)ペプチド固定化用溶液
溶媒:50質量%DMSO
*ただし、粉末状の各種ペプチドに20質量%グリセロールを添加し混合した。
(2)スポット数:12(3×4種類)
(3)スポットパターン:2行×6列
(4)スポット速度:装置性能に準じた速度(2000枚生産相当の条件ではない)
(6)マイクロアレイ作製装置としてはピン方式による装置とした。
本実施例は、作製したペプチドアレイの保存安定性について評価した。ペプチドアレイの保存安定性を評価するため、ミルクアレルギー患者の血清を用いてアッセイを行った。ペプチドアレイは作製後、真空包装をした上、室温でデシケーター中に保存し、それぞれ2週間、1ヶ月、3ケ月及び6ヶ月経過保存した。各保存期間経過後のペプチドアレイを用いて、各々3枚についてアッセイを実施した。同日に血清を加えない状態でアッセイしたペプチドアレイを各ペプチドにおける非特異吸着のバックグラウンドとし、その平均を実際にアッセイした担体の各ペプチドにおける蛍光強度から減算した。減算した蛍光強度の平均をペプチド毎にその経時的な変遷をもって比較し、ペプチドアレイ保存安定性として評価した。なお、本実施例で使用したペプチドはミルクアレルギーのエピトープの可能性のあるペプチドを含む。これらのペプチドのアミノ酸配列(配列番号5~35)は以下に示す通りであった。また、以下に示す溶媒に溶解してペプチド固定化用溶液とした。その他のペプチドアレイの作製条件は以下の通りであった。
ペプチド:16残基、31種類、2.0mg/ml
溶媒:0.1質量%SDS、20mM リン酸緩衝液(pH8.5)
*上記31種類に、poly-DL-alanine(SIGMA-ALDRICH製:P9003 M.W.1000-5000))をネガティブコントロールとして加え、合計32種類をアレイ化した
*ただし、粉末状の各種ペプチドに0.2質量%SDS溶液を添加し混合後、等量の40mMリン酸緩衝液を添加し、ペプチドの溶解を光学顕微鏡にて確認して調製した。
(2)スポット数:192(31種類×6回)
(3)スポットパターン:各種ペプチドにつき12行×3列(ピッチ200μm)
(4)固相担体:76.2mm×25.4mm×1mm(活性エステル基板)
(5)ペプチド固定化用溶液の固相担体への供給
インクジェット方式(圧電駆動方式)のマイクロアレイ製造装置に所定量のペプチド溶液をセットし、ペプチド固定化用溶液を上記(2)~(4)の条件で固相担体上にスポットした。なお、スポット領域を図5に示した。
(6)ペプチドの固定化
保存期間経過後のペプチドアレイにつき、以下の操作で、ペプチドを固相担体上に固定化した。
a)80℃で1時間加熱処理をする
b)(2×SSC,0.2%SDS)溶液に15分間浸漬する(室温)
c)(2×SSC,0.2%SDS)溶液に5分間浸漬する(95℃)
d)滅菌水中で10回程度振とうする(3回)
e)遠心乾燥する
(7)イムノアッセイ
保存期間経過後、以下の手順でイムノアッセイを行った。
a)(50mM Ethanolamine,0.1% SDS,0.1M Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane)溶液に90分間浸漬する(室温)
b)PBS-T(1×PBS,0.1% Tween20)溶液に5分間浸漬する(室温、3回)
c)(1% OVA,PBS-T)溶液で希釈した患者血清(1:10)200mLアプライした担体をマイクロカバーガラス(松波ガラス社製size 24×60mm、thickness No.4)で覆い、Humid chamber(Sigma社)内で1時間静置する(37℃)
d)c)で反応中の担体を4℃の環境下に移し、O/N静置する
e)PBS-T溶液中でマイクロカバーガラスを外す
f)PBS-T溶液に5分間浸漬する(室温、3回)
g)(1% OVA、PBS-T)溶液で希釈したGoatanti-human IgE-Alexa647 polyclonal antibodies(1:500)200mLをc)と同様の手順で反応させ、暗所にて3時間静置する(室温)
h)PBS-T溶液中でマイクロカバーガラスを外す
i)PBS-T溶液に5分間浸漬する(室温、3回)
j)滅菌水中で10回程度振とうする(3回)
(8)評価
蛍光スキャナー(Agilent社製scanner model G2505B, software G2565BA/DA)でペプチドアレイの蛍光強度を測定し、数値解析ソフト(Axon社製Gene Pix.Pro)で蛍光強度の数値化を実施した。アッセイしたペプチドアレイの各ペプチドの蛍光強度の変化を比較し、保存安定性を評価した。結果を図6に示す。
本実施例では、実施例2で作製したペプチドアレイのアッセイにおける精度を決定した。このため、ミルクアレルギー患者血清及びミルクアレルギー患者プール血清各3検体ずつを用い、アッセイを実施した。それぞれの血清につき、ペプチドアレイにおける各ペプチドの3個のスポットの蛍光強度値を測定し、これらの蛍光強度値の変動係数(CV)を算出し、これをもって作製したペプチドアレイのアッセイに対する精度評価とした。なお、イムノアッセイ及び評価については実施例2と同様にして行った。結果を図7に示す。図7は、S/N比=2をカットオフラインと定め、各ペプチドの蛍光強度における同一ペプチドアレイ(同一固相担体の意味)内CVをその蛍光強度値の平均とともにプロットして作成した。
Claims (22)
- ペプチドを固相担体上へ固定化するためのペプチド固定化用溶液であって、
界面活性剤を含有する、溶液。 - 前記界面活性剤は、前記界面活性剤を含有しないペプチド固定化用溶液を用いた場合と比較して、前記固相担体上への前記ペプチドの固定化量を増加させることができる界面活性剤である、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記界面活性剤はイオン性界面活性剤を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の溶液。
- 前記界面活性剤はアニオン系界面活性剤を含む、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の溶液。
- 前記界面活性剤はドデシル硫酸ナトリウムを含む、請求項4に記載の溶液。
- さらに、塩を含有する、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の溶液。
- 前記ペプチドは、50残基以下のアミノ酸残基からなるペプチドである、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の溶液。
- 圧電駆動又は静電駆動による液滴吐出方式での固相担体への供給用である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の溶液。
- ペプチドの固相担体上への供給方法であって、
固相担体上において界面活性剤とともに前記ペプチドが共存する状態を形成するように前記ペプチドを前記固相担体に供給する工程、
を備える、供給方法。 - 前記ペプチド供給工程は、前記ペプチドと前記界面活性剤とを含有するペプチドの固定化用溶液を準備し、前記固相担体上に前記ペプチド固定化用溶液を供給する工程である、請求項9に記載の供給方法。
- 前記固相担体はプレート状であり、
前記ペプチド固定化用溶液の供給工程は、前記ペプチド固定化用溶液を、圧電駆動又は静電駆動による液滴吐出方式によって液滴として前記固相担体上に吐出する工程である、請求項9又は10に記載の供給方法。 - ペプチドが固相担体に固定化されたペプチド固定化体の製造方法であって、
前記固相担体上において界面活性剤とともに前記ペプチドが共存する状態を形成するように前記ペプチドを前記固相担体に供給する工程と、
前記固相担体上に供給された前記ペプチドを前記固相担上に固定化する工程と、
を備える、製造方法。 - 前記ペプチド供給工程は、前記ペプチドと界面活性剤とを含有する1種又は2種以上のペプチド固定化用溶液を準備し、前記ペプチド固定化用溶液を前記固相担体上に供給する工程である、請求項12に記載の製造方法。
- 前記界面活性剤は、アニオン系界面活性剤である、請求項12又は13に記載の製造方法。
- 前記界面活性剤は、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウムを含む、請求項14に記載の製造方法。
- 前記ペプチド固定化用溶液は、さらに、塩を含有する、請求項12~15のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 前記ペプチドは、50残基以下のアミノ酸残基からなるペプチドである、請求項12~16のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 前記固相担体はプレート状であり、
前記ペプチド供給工程は、前記ペプチド固定化用溶液を、圧電駆動又は静電駆動による液滴吐出方式によって液滴として前記固相担体上に吐出する工程である、請求項13~17のいずれかに記載の製造方法。 - ペプチドが固相担体に固定化されたペプチド固定化体であって、
請求項12~18のいずれかに記載の製造方法によって得られる、ペプチド固定化体。 - ペプチドアレイであって、
プレート状の固相担体と、
前記固相担体上にある2個以上の評価領域であって、1種又は2種以上のペプチドと1種又は2種以上の界面活性剤とをそれぞれ保持する評価領域と、
を備える、ペプチドアレイ。 - 前記1種類又は2種類以上の界面活性剤はアニオン系界面活性剤を含む、請求項20に記載のペプチドアレイ。
- 前記1種又は2種以上のペプチドは、50残基以下のアミノ酸残基からなるペプチドを含む、請求項20又は21に記載のペプチドアレイ。
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JP4824841B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-11-30 | カルピス株式会社 | 脳機能改善用組成物および脳機能を改善する方法 |
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US20120190574A1 (en) | 2009-06-19 | 2012-07-26 | The Arizona Board of Regents, A body Corporate of the State of Arizona for and on behalf of Arizona | Compound Arrays for Sample Profiling |
US20140356885A1 (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-04 | Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc. | Reducing Non-Specifically Bound Molecules on Supports |
US10758886B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2020-09-01 | Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Conditioned surfaces for in situ molecular array synthesis |
EP3472201A4 (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2020-05-13 | Healthtell Inc. | METHOD FOR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES |
WO2017223117A1 (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2017-12-28 | Healthtell Inc. | Methods for diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune diseases |
CN110168370A (zh) | 2016-11-11 | 2019-08-23 | 健康之语公司 | 用于鉴定候选生物标志物的方法 |
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JP2007003439A (ja) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-01-11 | Hitachi Software Eng Co Ltd | バイオセンサの製造方法 |
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BHATNAGAR, P. ET AL.: "Multiplexed electrospray deposition for protein microarray with micromachined silicon device", APPL PHYS LETT, vol. 91, no. L, 2007, pages 014102 * |
RODA, A. ET AL.: "Protein Microdeposition Using a Conventional Ink-Jet Printer.", BIOTECHNIQUES, vol. 28, no. 3, 2000, pages 492 - 496 * |
SUN, L. ET AL.: "Producing peptide arrays for epitope mapping by intein-mediated protein ligation", BIOTECHNIQUES, vol. 37, no. 3, 2004, pages 430 - 436 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4824841B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-11-30 | カルピス株式会社 | 脳機能改善用組成物および脳機能を改善する方法 |
EP2520308A1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2012-11-07 | Calpis Co., Ltd. | Composition for improving brain function and method for improving brain function |
EP2520308A4 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2013-07-03 | Calpis Co Ltd | COMPOSITION FOR IMPROVING BRAIN FUNCTION AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING BRAIN FUNCTION |
US8569241B2 (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2013-10-29 | Calpis Co., Ltd. | Composition for improving brain function and method for improving brain function |
TWI461208B (zh) * | 2009-12-28 | 2014-11-21 | Calpis Co Ltd | 腦機能改善用組成物 |
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