WO2009095557A1 - Method and device for hang-breeding shellfish with programmed emergence cycles - Google Patents

Method and device for hang-breeding shellfish with programmed emergence cycles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009095557A1
WO2009095557A1 PCT/FR2008/001587 FR2008001587W WO2009095557A1 WO 2009095557 A1 WO2009095557 A1 WO 2009095557A1 FR 2008001587 W FR2008001587 W FR 2008001587W WO 2009095557 A1 WO2009095557 A1 WO 2009095557A1
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Prior art keywords
poles
rotation
drive means
cycles
programmed
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PCT/FR2008/001587
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French (fr)
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WO2009095557A4 (en
Inventor
Florent Tarbouriech
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Medi Thau Maree
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Publication of WO2009095557A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009095557A1/en
Publication of WO2009095557A4 publication Critical patent/WO2009095557A4/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for its implementation intended for the suspension culture of shellfish, in particular oysters, which are subjected to programmed cycles of exonation so as to reproduce artificially and in a controlled manner the tidal movement.
  • the suspension in suspension of shellfish, in particular oysters, oysters is generally carried out by means of a structure which consists of floats or poles planted vertically in the sediments, of longitudinal sleepers supported by the emerging part of said floats or poles and of transverse poles supported by said sleepers and on which are fixed breeding ropes, bearing seashells, the length of which is adapted to the depth of the site.
  • the breeding cycle of the Atlantic oyster is subjected, through the tides, to successive phases of exondation.
  • These out-of-water phases which have a negative impact on the duration of the rearing cycle, have a very positive influence on the organoleptic quality of the product (improvement of the meat yield) as well as on the thickness and cleanliness of its product. shell.
  • the distortion of the qualitative characteristics of the shell between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean has many direct consequences which are related to: a) the thickness and the cleanliness of the shell: the thickness acts directly on the tonnage produced for a number of 'individuals given on the cost price and cleanliness is a pledge of quality for the consumer because the growth lace on the shell decreases its cleanness including retaining marine mud, increase the risk of cutting at the opening and their rupture leads to the loss of tightness of the products directly related to their durability; b) the durability of the products on the stall: the successive exhumations (natural marnage) accustom the oyster to phases of life out of water which stimulate the adductor muscle, also force a growth of the shell to ensure its tightness the animal's survival: Atlantic oysters therefore have better durability on the stall.
  • oysters from the Mediterranean more easily achieve this yield because of the low mass of their shell, marginalizing them once again national quality standards.
  • oysters from the Mediterranean have to improve some of their organoleptic characteristics as well as those that affect the perception of these products in relation to national quality standards.
  • the artificial exodus of the products and certain methods of complement of breeding more accomplished (refining) constitute the axes of development of Mediterranean oyster farming.
  • the implementation of these solutions involves the mechanization of the exondation of oyster farming ropes.
  • the applicant has just noted that artificial exposure reduces oyster mortality by making them more resistant to environmental stresses and epizootics caused by microbiological germs including herpes virus or Vibrio sp.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to remedy the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the subject of the invention is a process for the suspension of shellfish carried by a plurality of ropes intended to be wound around a plurality of rotating poles able to allow the shellfish to be put out of water, said poles being connected to a structure, fixed to the bottom or floating.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that it consists in controlling the rotation of the poles according to a frequency and a duration that can be programmed as a function of cycles of exposure adapted essentially to the seasonality and the stage of the rearing cycle, in such a way as to to artificially reproduce the tidal movement in a controlled manner. It is also characterized in that it consists in controlling the rotation of only a defined number of poles in order to optimize the global energy power required at a given moment and the weight supported by the structure.
  • the device for carrying out said method is characterized in that: it comprises a plurality of means for rotating the poles by means of a drive means for a well-defined number of consecutive poles and a unit local control device capable of individually actuating said drive means;
  • the local control unit is controlled by a programmable unit, local or remote, of the microprocessor type, able to simultaneously drive a well-defined number of drive means.
  • the invention also claims the shells produced by the implementation of said method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view in top view of a structural module according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pole carrying a rope provided with shells
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the system according to the invention.
  • the rearing structure (1) consists of floats or posts (11) planted vertically in the sediments, longitudinal crosspieces (12) supported by the emerging portion of said floats or poles. transverse poles (13) supported by said sleepers and on which the strings (18) for growing shells (2) in a water (6) are fixed.
  • the invention relates to a method for the suspension culture of shells (2) carried by a plurality of ropes (18) intended to be wound around a plurality of rotating poles (13) able to allow the setting out of water shells, said poles being connected to a structure (1), fixed to the bottom or floating.
  • the method in question consists in controlling the rotation of the poles (13) according to a frequency and a duration that can be programmed according to suitable evaporation cycles. essentially to the seasonality and stage of the rearing cycle, so as to artificially and in a controlled manner reproduce the movement of the tides. It also consists in controlling the simultaneous rotation of a limited number of poles in order to optimize the overall energy power required at a given instant and the weight supported by the structure.
  • the device for implementing said method comprises a plurality of means (14) for rotating the poles (13) by means of a drive means (14) for a defined number of consecutive poles and a local control unit (4) adapted to individually actuate said drive means.
  • the local control unit is controlled by a programmable unit (5), local or remote, of the microprocessor type, able to simultaneously drive a well-defined number of drive means (14).
  • the energy required for the rotation of the poles can be produced, by a renewable energy, located at the level of the structure (1), of the solar panels or wind turbines type (3).
  • Each drive means (14), of the gearmotor type (in particular electromechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic), can cause a number N1 of consecutive poles (5) well defined by means of a set consisting of pinions (16) and chains ( 17).
  • N2 groups of N1 poles (13) supported by a number N3 of longitudinal crosspieces (12) constitute a structure module (1).
  • poles (13) are connected to the crosspieces (12) by means of bearings (15); -
  • Each geared motor (14) drives 5 consecutive poles (13) by means of a set consisting of pinions (16) and chains (17);
  • the poles (13) are supported by three longitudinal crosspieces (12);
  • the structure (1) consists of 10 consecutive groups of 5 consecutive poles (13).
  • a farm structure can have, on 50 meters long and 10 meters wide, 3 parallel rows of 11 posts (railway rails) planted vertically in the sediments, 3 longitudinal crosspieces (IPE profiles standard), 50 transverse poles supporting, each, 26 ropes of breeding a total of 1300 ropes.
  • IPE profiles standard 3 longitudinal crosspieces
  • the production potential of such a structure for a useful and usable water depth of 3.50 meters, could reach 10,000 kg / year, or 200 kg per boom.
  • the realization of the system according to the invention must take into account the following constraints:
  • the exposure must be repeatable at a frequency and duration appropriate to the seasonality and stages of the rearing cycle
  • each geared motor must be wired to a single control point that will allow operation individualized;
  • the energy sources and the control panel must be compatible with the marine environment and its constraints;
  • the speed of exposure and release can be slow, especially in the case of a remote control (several tens of minutes);
  • the maximum exposure frequency may be weekly for all modules (upward rotation and downward rotation per week); - the different phases (rise, fall) of all the meshes of exondation will have to be programmed (date and time of realization) on a table (computer) of command local or remote: the system will have to account the actions carried out on a given module, it will also have to report instantly the dysfunctions noted following the non realization of a commanded or programmed action;
  • the constituent elements of the mechanical, energy and control system will facilitate the maintenance of the system and its various elements on the basis of an ease of repair and / or on the basis of a cost compatible with their renewal;

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for hang-breeding oysters using a structure (1) provided with transverse rotary poles (13) on which the shellfish-carrying ropes are wound. The method of the invention is characterised in that it comprises controlling the rotation of the poles (13) according to programmable frequency and duration based on emergence cycles substantially adapted to the seasonality and the stage of the breeding cycle for artificially recreating the tide movements in controlled manner. The method also comprises controlling the simultaneous rotation of a limited number of poles in order to optimise the global energy power necessary at a given moment as well as the weight carried by the structure.

Description

PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF POUR L'ELEVAGE EN SUSPENSION DE COQUILLAGES PAR CYCLES D'EXONDATION PROGRAMMES METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EXTENDED CYCLE SHELL SUSPENSION BREEDING
DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION
DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour sa mise en œuvre destinés à l'élevage en suspension des coquillages, notamment des huîtres, que l'on soumet à des cycles d'exondation programmés de manière à reproduire artificiellement et de manière contrôlée le mouvement des marées. ARRIERE PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUEThe present invention relates to a method and a device for its implementation intended for the suspension culture of shellfish, in particular oysters, which are subjected to programmed cycles of exonation so as to reproduce artificially and in a controlled manner the tidal movement. BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY
L'élevage en suspension des coquillages, notamment des huîtres, huîtres est généralement réalisé au moyen d'une structure qui est constituée de flotteurs ou de poteaux plantés verticalement dans les sédiments, de traverses longitudinales supportées par la partie émergée desdits flotteurs ou poteaux et de perches transversales supportées par lesdites traverses et sur lesquelles sont fixées des cordes d'élevage, porteuses des coquillages, dont la longueur est adaptée à la profondeur du site. Le cycle d'élevage de l'huître de l'Atlantique est soumis, par le jeu des marées, à des phases successives d'exondation. Ces phases hors d'eau, d'une incidence négative sur la durée du cycle d'élevage, ont une influence très positive sur la qualité organoleptique du produit (amélioration du rendement en chair) ainsi que sur l'épaisseur et la propreté de sa coquille. La distorsion des caractéristiques qualitatives de la coquille entre l'Atlantique et la Méditerranée a de nombreuses conséquences directes qui sont liées à : a) l'épaisseur et la propreté de la coquille : l'épaisseur agit directement sur le tonnage produit pour un nombre d'individus donné donc sur le prix de revient et la propreté est un gage de qualité pour le consommateur car les dentelles de croissance sur la coquille diminuent sa propreté en retenant notamment de la boue marine, augmentent les risques de coupure à l'ouverture et leur rupture entraîne la perte d'étanchéité des produits en lien direct avec leur durabilité ; b) la durabilité des produits sur l'étal : les exondations successives (marnage naturel) habituent l'huître à des phases de vie hors d'eau qui stimulent le muscle adducteur, obligent également une croissance de la coquille permettant d'assurer son étanchéité, gage de survie de l'animal : les huîtres de l'Atlantique ont donc une meilleure durabilité sur l'étal. c) la masse de la coquille : réglementairement, les huîtres creuses sont commercialisées : - au poids et par calibre dans des bourriches devant comporter un nombre minimum d'individus garanti ; autrement dit, pour un même calibre, les huîtres de la Méditerranée sont d'une taille supérieure aux huîtres de l'Atlantique car leur coquille est plus légère ce qui ne va pas dans le sens de la standardisation souhaitée par le consommateur et la filière de commercialisation ;The suspension in suspension of shellfish, in particular oysters, oysters is generally carried out by means of a structure which consists of floats or poles planted vertically in the sediments, of longitudinal sleepers supported by the emerging part of said floats or poles and of transverse poles supported by said sleepers and on which are fixed breeding ropes, bearing seashells, the length of which is adapted to the depth of the site. The breeding cycle of the Atlantic oyster is subjected, through the tides, to successive phases of exondation. These out-of-water phases, which have a negative impact on the duration of the rearing cycle, have a very positive influence on the organoleptic quality of the product (improvement of the meat yield) as well as on the thickness and cleanliness of its product. shell. The distortion of the qualitative characteristics of the shell between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean has many direct consequences which are related to: a) the thickness and the cleanliness of the shell: the thickness acts directly on the tonnage produced for a number of 'individuals given on the cost price and cleanliness is a pledge of quality for the consumer because the growth lace on the shell decreases its cleanness including retaining marine mud, increase the risk of cutting at the opening and their rupture leads to the loss of tightness of the products directly related to their durability; b) the durability of the products on the stall: the successive exhumations (natural marnage) accustom the oyster to phases of life out of water which stimulate the adductor muscle, also force a growth of the shell to ensure its tightness the animal's survival: Atlantic oysters therefore have better durability on the stall. (c) the mass of the shell: as a rule, hollow oysters are marketed: - by weight and by caliber in a box containing a minimum number of guaranteed individuals; in other words, for the same size, oysters from the Mediterranean are larger than Atlantic oysters because their shell is lighter which is not in line with the standardization desired by the consumer and the industry. marketing;
- avec une indication de leur rendement en chair (rapport entre la masse de chair égouttée d'un animal et sa masse totale) ; autrement dit les huîtres de la Méditerranée atteignent plus facilement ce rendement en raison de la faible masse de leur coquille, les marginalisant une fois de plus des standards qualitatifs nationaux. Ainsi afin de pouvoir gagner des parts de marchés, notamment ceux qualitatifs majoritairement détenus par les huîtres de la façade Atlantique, les huîtres de la Méditerranée doivent améliorer certaines de leurs caractéristiques organoleptiques ainsi que celles ayant une incidence sur la perception de ces produits par rapport aux standards qualitatifs nationaux. L'exondation artificielle des produits et certaines méthodes de complément d'élevage plus abouties (affinage) constituent les axes de développement de l'ostréiculture méditerranéenne.- with an indication of their flesh yield (the ratio of the mass of drained flesh of an animal to its total mass); in other words, oysters from the Mediterranean more easily achieve this yield because of the low mass of their shell, marginalizing them once again national quality standards. Thus, in order to gain market shares, especially those most of the quality held by oysters on the Atlantic coast, oysters from the Mediterranean have to improve some of their organoleptic characteristics as well as those that affect the perception of these products in relation to national quality standards. The artificial exodus of the products and certain methods of complement of breeding more accomplished (refining) constitute the axes of development of Mediterranean oyster farming.
La mise en œuvre de ces solutions passe par la mécanisation de l'exondation des cordes d'élevage d'huîtres. En outre, le déposant vient de constater que l'exondation artificielle diminue la mortalité des huîtres en les rendant plus résistantes aux stresses environnementaux et aux épizooties causés par des germes microbiologiques notamment de type herpès virus ou de type Vibrio sp. RESUME DE L'INVENTION Le procédé selon l'invention permet de remédier aux inconvénients sus mentionnés. A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un procédé pour l'élevage en suspension de coquillages portés par une pluralité de cordes destinées à être enroulées autour d'une pluralité de perches rotatives aptes à permettre la mise hors d'eau des coquillages, lesdites perches étant reliées à une structure, fixée à même le fond ou flottante. Le procédé selon l'invention se caractérise en ce qu'il consiste à commander la rotation des perches selon une fréquence et une durée programmables en fonction de cycles d'exondation adaptés essentiellement à la saisonnalité et au stade du cycle d'élevage, de manière à reproduire artificiellement et de façon contrôlée le mouvement des marées. Il se caractérise également en ce qu'il consiste à ne commander la rotation que d'un nombre bien défini de perches afin d'optimiser la puissance énergétique globale nécessaire à un instant donné et le poids supporté par la structure. Le dispositif pour la mise en œuvre dudit procédé se caractérise en ce : - qu'il comporte une pluralité de moyens d'entraînement en rotation des perches à raison d'un moyen d'entraînement pour un nombre bien défini de perches consécutives et une unité de commande locale apte à actionner individuellement lesdits moyens d'entraînement ;The implementation of these solutions involves the mechanization of the exondation of oyster farming ropes. In addition, the applicant has just noted that artificial exposure reduces oyster mortality by making them more resistant to environmental stresses and epizootics caused by microbiological germs including herpes virus or Vibrio sp. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The method according to the invention makes it possible to remedy the disadvantages mentioned above. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a process for the suspension of shellfish carried by a plurality of ropes intended to be wound around a plurality of rotating poles able to allow the shellfish to be put out of water, said poles being connected to a structure, fixed to the bottom or floating. The method according to the invention is characterized in that it consists in controlling the rotation of the poles according to a frequency and a duration that can be programmed as a function of cycles of exposure adapted essentially to the seasonality and the stage of the rearing cycle, in such a way as to to artificially reproduce the tidal movement in a controlled manner. It is also characterized in that it consists in controlling the rotation of only a defined number of poles in order to optimize the global energy power required at a given moment and the weight supported by the structure. The device for carrying out said method is characterized in that: it comprises a plurality of means for rotating the poles by means of a drive means for a well-defined number of consecutive poles and a unit local control device capable of individually actuating said drive means;
- que l'unité de commande locale est pilotée par une unité programmable, locale ou distante, du type microprocesseur, apte à piloter simultanément un nombre bien déterminé de moyens d'entraînement.the local control unit is controlled by a programmable unit, local or remote, of the microprocessor type, able to simultaneously drive a well-defined number of drive means.
L'invention revendique également les coquillages produits par la mise en œuvre dudit procédé.The invention also claims the shells produced by the implementation of said method.
PRESENTATION DES FIGURES Les caractéristiques et les avantages de l'invention vont apparaître plus clairement à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit d'au moins un mode de réalisation préféré de celle-ci donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés. Sur ces dessins :PRESENTATION OF THE FIGURES The characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the detailed description which follows of at least one preferred embodiment thereof given by way of non-limiting example and shown in the drawings. attached. On these drawings:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique, en vue de dessus, d'un module de structure selon l'invention ;- Figure 1 is a schematic view in top view of a structural module according to the invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique d'une perche porteuse d'une corde pourvue de coquillages ;FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pole carrying a rope provided with shells;
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique du système selon l'invention. DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTION En référence aux figures, la structure d'élevage (1) est constituée de flotteurs ou de poteaux (11) plantés verticalement dans les sédiments, de traverses longitudinales (12) supportées par la partie émergée desdits flotteurs ou poteaux, de perches transversales (13) supportées par lesdites traverses et sur lesquelles sont fixées les cordes (18) d'élevage de coquillages (2) dans une eau (6). L'invention concerne un procédé pour l'élevage en suspension de coquillages (2) portés par une pluralité de cordes (18) destinées à être enroulées autour d'une pluralité de perches rotatives (13) aptes à permettre la mise hors d'eau des coquillages, lesdites perches étant reliées à une structure (1 ), fixée à même le fond ou flottante. Le procédé en question consiste à commander la rotation des perches (13) selon une fréquence et une durée programmables en fonction de cycles d'exondation adaptés essentiellement à la saisonnalité et au stade du cycle d'élevage, de manière à reproduire artificiellement et de façon contrôlée le mouvement des marées. Il consiste également à commander la rotation simultanée d'un nombre limité de perches afin d'optimiser la puissance énergétique globale nécessaire à un instant donné et le poids supporté par la structure.FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the system according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With reference to the figures, the rearing structure (1) consists of floats or posts (11) planted vertically in the sediments, longitudinal crosspieces (12) supported by the emerging portion of said floats or poles. transverse poles (13) supported by said sleepers and on which the strings (18) for growing shells (2) in a water (6) are fixed. The invention relates to a method for the suspension culture of shells (2) carried by a plurality of ropes (18) intended to be wound around a plurality of rotating poles (13) able to allow the setting out of water shells, said poles being connected to a structure (1), fixed to the bottom or floating. The method in question consists in controlling the rotation of the poles (13) according to a frequency and a duration that can be programmed according to suitable evaporation cycles. essentially to the seasonality and stage of the rearing cycle, so as to artificially and in a controlled manner reproduce the movement of the tides. It also consists in controlling the simultaneous rotation of a limited number of poles in order to optimize the overall energy power required at a given instant and the weight supported by the structure.
Le dispositif pour la mise en œuvre dudit procédé, comporte une pluralité de moyens (14) d'entraînement en rotation des perches (13) à raison d'un moyen d'entraînement (14) pour un nombre bien défini de perches consécutives et une unité de commande locale (4) apte à actionner individuellement lesdits moyens d'entraînement. L'unité de commande locale est pilotée par une unité programmable (5), locale ou distante, du type microprocesseur, apte à piloter simultanément un nombre bien déterminé de moyens d'entraînement (14).The device for implementing said method, comprises a plurality of means (14) for rotating the poles (13) by means of a drive means (14) for a defined number of consecutive poles and a local control unit (4) adapted to individually actuate said drive means. The local control unit is controlled by a programmable unit (5), local or remote, of the microprocessor type, able to simultaneously drive a well-defined number of drive means (14).
L'énergie nécessaire à la rotation des perches peut être produite, par une énergie renouvelable, localisée au niveau de la structure (1), du type panneaux solaires ou d'éoliennes (3).The energy required for the rotation of the poles can be produced, by a renewable energy, located at the level of the structure (1), of the solar panels or wind turbines type (3).
Elle peut également être amenée par un bateau de service.It can also be brought by a service boat.
Chaque moyen d'entraînement (14), du type motoréducteur (notamment électromécanique, hydraulique ou pneumatique), peut entraîner un nombre N1 de perches consécutives (5) bien défini au moyen d'un ensemble constitué de pignons (16) et de chaînes (17).Each drive means (14), of the gearmotor type (in particular electromechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic), can cause a number N1 of consecutive poles (5) well defined by means of a set consisting of pinions (16) and chains ( 17).
De plus, N2 groupes de N1 perches (13) supportées par un nombre N3 de traverses longitudinales (12) constituent un module de structure (1 ).In addition, N2 groups of N1 poles (13) supported by a number N3 of longitudinal crosspieces (12) constitute a structure module (1).
Selon des particularités non limitatives de réalisation de l'invention :According to nonlimiting features of embodiment of the invention:
- les perches (13) sont reliées aux traverses (12) au moyen de paliers (15) ; - chaque motoréducteur (14) entraîne 5 perches (13) consécutives au moyen d'un ensemble constitué de pignons (16) et de chaînes (17) ;the poles (13) are connected to the crosspieces (12) by means of bearings (15); - Each geared motor (14) drives 5 consecutive poles (13) by means of a set consisting of pinions (16) and chains (17);
- les perches (13) sont supportées par 3 traverses longitudinales (12) ;the poles (13) are supported by three longitudinal crosspieces (12);
- la structure (1) est constituée de 10 groupes consécutifs de 5 perches (13) consécutives. A titre d'exemple, une structure d'élevage peut comporter, sur 50 mètres de long et 10 mètres de large, 3 rangées parallèles de 11 poteaux (rails de chemin de fer) plantés verticalement dans les sédiments, 3 traverses longitudinales (profilés IPE standard), 50 perches transversales supportant, chacune, 26 cordes d'élevage soit un total de 1300 cordes. A titre d'exemple également, sur le bassin de Thau dans le département de l'Hérault en France, le potentiel de production d'une telle structure, pour une hauteur d'eau utile et exploitable de 3, 50 mètres, pourrait atteindre le chiffre de 10 000 Kg/an soit 200 Kg par perche. La réalisation du système selon l'invention doit prendre en compte les contraintes suivantes :- The structure (1) consists of 10 consecutive groups of 5 consecutive poles (13). For example, a farm structure can have, on 50 meters long and 10 meters wide, 3 parallel rows of 11 posts (railway rails) planted vertically in the sediments, 3 longitudinal crosspieces (IPE profiles standard), 50 transverse poles supporting, each, 26 ropes of breeding a total of 1300 ropes. For example, in the Thau Basin in the Hérault département in France, the production potential of such a structure, for a useful and usable water depth of 3.50 meters, could reach 10,000 kg / year, or 200 kg per boom. The realization of the system according to the invention must take into account the following constraints:
- la mise hors d'eau des huîtres, collées sur les cordes d'élevage, ne doit pas occasionner de décrochement par choc ou manipulation des cordes d'élevage ;- the putting out of water of oysters, glued on the ropes of breeding, must not cause recess by shock or manipulation of the ropes of breeding;
- l'exondation doit pouvoir être répétée selon une fréquence et une durée adaptée à la saisonnalité et aux stades du cycle d'élevage ;- the exposure must be repeatable at a frequency and duration appropriate to the seasonality and stages of the rearing cycle;
- le relevage vertical des cordes par leur enroulement sur les perches doit permettre une mise hors d'eau totale des huîtres par raccourcissement de la partie émergée des cordes (3 mètres par exemple) et celle non garnie de produit (0, 50 m par exemple) ;- the vertical lifting of the ropes by winding them on the poles must allow a total out of water oysters by shortening of the emerged part of the ropes (3 meters for example) and that not packed with product (0.50 m for example) );
- chaque motoréducteur doit pouvoir être câblé à un point de commande unique qui permettra d'opérer un fonctionnement individualisé ;- each geared motor must be wired to a single control point that will allow operation individualized;
- la structure, les sources d'énergie et le tableau de commande devront être compatibles avec l'environnement marin et ses contraintes ;- the structure, the energy sources and the control panel must be compatible with the marine environment and its constraints;
- les contraintes mécaniques (1 tonnes par maille d'exondation) seront à prendre en considération pour orienter les choix énergétiques en termes de besoins de puissance ;- the mechanical stresses (1 tonnes per mesh of exposure) will have to be taken into account to guide the energy choices in terms of power requirements;
- la vitesse d'exondation et de remise à l'eau pourra être lente, surtout dans le cas d'une commande à distance (plusieurs dizaines de minutes) ;- The speed of exposure and release can be slow, especially in the case of a remote control (several tens of minutes);
- la fréquence d'exondation maximale pourra être hebdomadaire pour l'ensemble des modules (une rotation ascendante et une rotation descendante par semaine) ; - les différentes phases (montée, descente) de l'ensemble des mailles d'exondation devront pouvoir être programmées (date et heure de réalisation) sur un tableau (informatique) de commande local ou à distance : le système devra comptabiliser les actions réalisées sur une module donné, il devra également rendre compte instantanément des dysfonctionnements constatés suite à la non réalisation d'une action commandée ou programmée ;- the maximum exposure frequency may be weekly for all modules (upward rotation and downward rotation per week); - the different phases (rise, fall) of all the meshes of exondation will have to be programmed (date and time of realization) on a table (computer) of command local or remote: the system will have to account the actions carried out on a given module, it will also have to report instantly the dysfunctions noted following the non realization of a commanded or programmed action;
- la possibilité d'utiliser une source d'énergie traditionnelle en secours de la source d'énergie renouvelable notamment pour assurer la phase de descente des cordes ;- the possibility of using a traditional source of energy to help the renewable energy source, particularly to ensure the phase of descent of the ropes;
- les éléments constitutifs du système mécanique, énergétique et de commande devront faciliter la maintenance du système et de ses divers éléments sur la base d'une facilité de réparation et/ou sur la base d'un coût compatible avec leur renouvellement ;- the constituent elements of the mechanical, energy and control system will facilitate the maintenance of the system and its various elements on the basis of an ease of repair and / or on the basis of a cost compatible with their renewal;
- l'humidité marine, la hauteur des vagues et l'incidence de la force du vent sur les panneaux solaires et les dispositifs de commande et de surveillance devront être prises en considération.- marine moisture, wave height and the influence of wind force on solar panels and control and monitoring devices shall be taken into consideration.
Bien entendu, l'homme de métier sera apte à réaliser l'invention telle que décrite et représentée en utilisant des moyens connus et sera à même de prévoir d'autres variantes tout en restant dans le cadre de celle-ci qui est déterminé par la teneur des revendications. Of course, those skilled in the art will be able to carry out the invention as described and shown using known means and will be able to provide other variants while remaining within the scope thereof which is determined by the content of the claims.

Claims

REVENOICATIONSREVENOICATIONS
1- Procédé pour l'élevage en suspension de coquillages (2) portés par une pluralité de cordes (18) destinées à être enroulées autour d'une pluralité de perches rotatives (13) aptes à permettre la mise hors d'eau des coquillages, lesdites perches étant reliées à une structure (1), fixée à même le fond ou flottante ; caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à commander la rotation des perches (13) selon une fréquence et une durée programmables en fonction de cycles d'exondation adaptés essentiellement à la saisonnalité et au stade du cycle d'élevage, de manière à reproduire artificiellement et de façon contrôlée le mouvement des marées.1- A method for rearing suspended shells (2) carried by a plurality of ropes (18) intended to be wound around a plurality of rotating poles (13) capable of allowing the shellfish to be put out of water, said poles being connected to a structure (1), fixed to the bottom or floating; characterized in that it consists in controlling the rotation of the poles (13) at a frequency and a duration that can be programmed according to cycles of exposure adapted essentially to the seasonality and the stage of the rearing cycle, so as to reproduce artificially and in a controlled way the movement of the tides.
2- Procédé, selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à commander la rotation simultanée d'un nombre limité de perches afin d'optimiser la puissance énergétique globale nécessaire à un instant donné et le poids supporté par la structure.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists in controlling the simultaneous rotation of a limited number of poles in order to optimize the overall energy power required at a given moment and the weight supported by the structure.
3- Dispositif pour la mise en œuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une pluralité de moyens (14) d'entraînement en rotation des perches (13) à raison d'un moyen d'entraînement (14) pour un nombre bien défini de perches consécutives et une unité de commande locale (4) apte à actionner individuellement lesdits moyens d'entraînement.3- Device for implementing the method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of means (14) for rotating the poles (13) due to a drive means (14) for a well defined number of consecutive poles and a local control unit (4) adapted to individually actuate said drive means.
4- Dispositif, selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande locale est pilotée par une unité programmable (5), locale ou distante, du type microprocesseur, apte à piloter simultanément un nombre bien déterminé de moyens d'entraînement (14).4- Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the local control unit is controlled by a programmable unit (5), local or remote, of the microprocessor type, able to drive simultaneously a well-defined number of drive means (14).
5- Dispositif, selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'énergie nécessaire à la rotation des perches est produite, par une énergie renouvelable, localisée au niveau de la structure (1), du type panneaux solaires ou d'éoliennes (3). 6- Dispositif, selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'énergie nécessaire à la rotation des perches est amenée par un bateau de service.5- Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the energy required for the rotation of the poles is produced by a renewable energy, located at the structure (1), the type of solar panels or wind turbines (3). ). 6. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the energy required for the rotation of the poles is brought by a service boat.
7- Dispositif, selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque moyen d'entraînement (14), du type motoréducteur, entraîne un nombre N1 de perches consécutives (5) bien défini au moyen d'un ensemble constitué de pignons (16) et de chaînes (17).7- Device according to claim 3, characterized in that each drive means (14) of the geared motor type, drives a number N1 consecutive poles (5) well defined by means of a set consisting of pinions (16) and chains (17).
8- Dispositif, selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que N2 groupes de N1 perches (13) supportées par un nombre N3 de traverses longitudinales (12) constituent un module de structure (1).8- Device according to claim 3, characterized in that N2 groups of N1 poles (13) supported by a number N3 of longitudinal crosspieces (12) constitute a structural module (1).
9- Coquillages produits par la mise en œuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1. 9- Shells produced by the implementation of the method according to claim 1.
PCT/FR2008/001587 2007-11-20 2008-11-12 Method and device for hang-breeding shellfish with programmed emergence cycles WO2009095557A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0708147 2007-11-20
FR0708147A FR2923679A1 (en) 2007-11-20 2007-11-20 SYSTEM FOR HELL SUSPENSION BY EXCERSION CYCLES PROGRAMS
FR0806218 2008-11-07
FR0806218A FR2923680B1 (en) 2007-11-20 2008-11-07 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EXTENDED CYCLE SHELL SUSPENSION BREEDING

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WO2009095557A1 true WO2009095557A1 (en) 2009-08-06
WO2009095557A4 WO2009095557A4 (en) 2009-09-24

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FR3018997A1 (en) * 2014-03-25 2015-10-02 Jean Louis Masson SIMULTANEOUS ROTATION SYSTEM OF MULTIPLE PERCHES FOR COOKING TABLE FOR PRE-MAGNIFICATION, SHELLFISHING AND REFINING OF SHELLS BY USE OF MECHANICAL REDUCERS OR ANGLED RETRACTORS
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FR3053874A1 (en) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-19 Patrick Bouchet KIT FOR FORMING A DEVICE FOR EXPOSING OYSTER SUPPORTS, OYSTERSTRUCTURE STRUCTURE, AND KIT ASSEMBLING METHOD

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FR2963539B1 (en) * 2010-08-03 2012-08-10 Medi Thau Maree TABLE FOR SUSPENSION OF OYSTERS BY CYCLE EXONATION PROGRAMS

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EP2810556A4 (en) * 2012-11-09 2015-10-21 Song Bum Park Oyster culturing apparatus
FR3018997A1 (en) * 2014-03-25 2015-10-02 Jean Louis Masson SIMULTANEOUS ROTATION SYSTEM OF MULTIPLE PERCHES FOR COOKING TABLE FOR PRE-MAGNIFICATION, SHELLFISHING AND REFINING OF SHELLS BY USE OF MECHANICAL REDUCERS OR ANGLED RETRACTORS
FR3053874A1 (en) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-19 Patrick Bouchet KIT FOR FORMING A DEVICE FOR EXPOSING OYSTER SUPPORTS, OYSTERSTRUCTURE STRUCTURE, AND KIT ASSEMBLING METHOD

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FR2923680B1 (en) 2012-04-27
FR2923679A1 (en) 2009-05-22
FR2923680A1 (en) 2009-05-22
WO2009095557A4 (en) 2009-09-24

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