FR2825082A1 - Self-container water oxygenating and treatment unit comprises floating structure with propulsion system, energy source and destratification apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The unit consists of a floating structure (1, 2) with a propulsion system (4) for moving it over the water, an on-board energy source such as a battery charged by solar panels (7) or a wind-powered generator, and apparatus (5, 6) to agitate and stir the water to produce destratification. The unit consists of a floating structure (1, 2) with a propulsion system (4) for moving it over the water, an on-board energy source such as a battery charged by solar panels (7) or a wind-powered generator, and apparatus (5, 6) to agitate and stir the water to produce destratification. The water agitation apparatus can be in the form of a propeller (5) rotated by a vertical shaft (6), the propeller being adjustable vertically to regulate its immersion depth or to impart a reciprocating motion or, in a variant, it can comprises double propshaft driving a horizontal ovoid body describing a figure eight loop as it turns. The unit's movement and water agitation actions can be remotely controlled or programmed, and in addition to the aforementioned systems it can carry a diffuser (10, 11) for various products, substances or micro-organisms, synchronised or not with the agitation and stirring action, and apparatus for measuring parameters such as temperature, pH and oxygenation levels, and analyzing and transmitting date.

Description

(2a, 3a).

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  SELF-CONTAINED OXYGENATION AND WATER TREATMENT APPARATUS

  The present invention relates to the depollution of open or closed bodies of water and more particularly aims to treat the problems of eutrophication and organic pollution in a body of water, on a river,

on a canal or in a lagoon.

  The eutrophication of a body of water, which is a complex situation, is generally explained by the combination of three parameters: weak movements of the body of water not allowing delamination, high sunshine warming the surface, and the presence of nitrates and phosphates in excessive concentration. An anarchic development of algae follows. The consequences of eutrophication are numerous: impoverishment of biodiversity by asphyxiation, release of unpleasant odors, proliferation of phytoplankton compromising the effectiveness of the bio-purifying balance, accumulation of organic vases. The algae puilulation on the surface reduces the transparency of the water, the photosynthesis activity is then only possible in the surface layer. The opacity caused by the algal proliferation increases the turbidity of the water. The penetration of ultraviolet is limited to a depth of 10 centimeters (in clear water UV penetration up to a meter), which limits the "disinfecting" effect of these radiations. This results in a decrease in the overall oxygen content with the consequence of the disappearance of fish. This phenomenon is considerably accelerated when the plant material produced in large quantities dies and falls to the bottom. Its decomposition by microorganisms consumes a lot of oxygen. The disappearance of oxygen at the bottom leads to the appearance of anaerobic fermentations accompanied by the release of foul-smelling gases (sulfurous hydrogen, ammonioc). This final phase is marked by the disappearance of stands

animals. The lake becomes azoque.

  Techniques for massive seeding of microorganisms by spreading from the surface of water bodies currently exist to intervene on this phenomenon. Their effectiveness is very limited, by a poor distribution of microorganisms on the bottom of the basin, by an insufficient oxygen level in the place where organic matter is to be digested by micro

  selected aerobic organisms.

  Oxygenation equipment by intensive water mixing can also be used to increase the dissolved oxygen level. There is also a small mechanical wind mixing system to delaminate the mass. The first system is energy intensive, the

  second is of very limited effectiveness.

  The invention aims precisely to lult against eutrophication by a controlled reoxygenation of iteau associated with its treatment with a view to

  restore balanced acrobatic activity in the ecosystem of the body of water.

  To this end, the invention relates to an autonomous apparatus for oxygenating and treating water, in particular open or closed bodies of water, characterized in that it consists of a floating structure on which are mounted: - means for moving the device, an on-board energy source on the water, - means for stirring-mixing the water and their control means in order to delaminate the water, and

  - means for holding the device on the area to be treated.

  A first, essential function of such an apparatus will be to cause a delamination of the water body, namely an ascent of the deep layers of liquid to the surface which is a prerequisite for homogenizing the temperatures and the dissolved elements, improving [oxvgAnabon de Cesu e1 therefore the development condlons of mFo o [gonlsmes. Ge pFdfAFence, pappsceU will be ComplementAlly pOUF diveFses tAches svnchFonisies with bFassage / dstFstHicalion 'teJes that sowing or infusion of bleaching e1 / or chemical substances in order to decomposeF the matiAFes oFluFu luFu lus, etc. within the scope of the litigation against the causes and / or the consequences of having [ophisaon and the poUution, fappaFed Having this effect

fitted with nAcessakes equipment.

  We are going to lead in more detail to Pappa [eU according to the invention, in its different configurations and its different uses by repeating itself in the accompanying drawings: - Is FIG. 1 is a schematic view in peFspecve of a constants Doltante constant on the lacquer base are inst # 6s the various equipment of the apparatus according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a view in AlAvation lat6Fale of the stFuctuFe of Figure 1; - FIGURE 3 is an end view near the slFuctuFe; - gure 4 is a similake view of EguFe 3 of the structure with its essential equipment schAmatAs; - Figure 5 iMure the apparatus in aion on a body of water; - FIGURE 6 is a worthy of rdaNsalion of bssage / ru on means; - Eg 7 u one ha of the uip app of an a6FogAndrateuF, and - FIG. 8 is a partial view of the apparatus of FIG. 7 provided with

no more solake panels.

  On guFe 1, we have [epFAsentd a mode of [daNsation of a structu

  floating of the apparatus according to the invention.

  This st [uctu [e [com two longiludinal BolleuFs paFa # Ales cvndFiques 1 FehAs by pieces of entoisois1 2 defining an openwork board on which are attached the accessories and equipment nocessaires to

  moving the device and performing its various functions.

  The front end of the two floats 1 is bevelled at 3 to promote

displacements.

  On the carrying structure 2 are fixed ies propulsion means displacement of the device comprising a motor and a propellant system for example with propeller, these means not being shown in detail in Figure 4 but simply symbolized in 4. These means can advantageously be remotely controlled, either by an operator from the shore of the body of water to position the device at the desired location, or automatically from a predefined program. These means can also be controlled by an on-board computer system, programmed for a movement and positioning circuit on the water, the program being for example calibrated

on a GPS type positioning.

  In a simplified version, the device is not atomized but moved for example manually using cables, ropes or moorings

  also serving to keep the device in position at the desired location.

  The apparatus comprises means for stirring - delamination of the water, constituted, in the embodiment illustrated by FIG. 4, by a propeller 5

  whose shaft 6 is vertical and driven by said on-board motor (4).

  Preferably, this motor is an electric motor powered by rechargeable batteries drawing their energy from the sun using panels

  solar 7 carried by the structure 2.

  The rotation of the propeller 5, in one direction or the other, ensures

  an upward or downward destratifying water stirring movement.

  An upward movement of the water as illustrated by the arrows in Figure 5, will allow cold water to rise (hypolimnion between 5 and 9 C) and cause a diffusion of the water flow on the surface 8 of the body of water and therefore increase the rate of oxygen fixation by lowering the temperature of surface water (epilimnion) and cause a diffusion on the surface of the body of water of a part of microorganisms which may be present in the hypolimnion but also of specific microorganisms diffused by the device 9 itself, from an on-board reserve 10 and

  distributed by appropriate means symbolized in 11.

  These means 11 diffuse the microorganisms according to the applications either on the surface of the water, or in the water directly. These microorganisms will be used to decompose the sedimented organic matter. The means 11 can also diffuse biological substances and / or chemical substances for the purposes of reoxygenation, of destruction of the acute and, in general, for the purpose of waging against the causes

  and / or the consequences of eutrophication and pollution.

  The microorganisms are stored in liquid or solid formulation and in the form of mother strains which, in contact with water, will produce stem-daughter microorganisms. Such seeding will be done regularly in a metered manner and in synchronism with the destratifying hydraulic movements. This will result in a gradual and continuous reduction in

  The thickness of the layer of sedimented organic mud 12.

  The assembly 5 -6 is mounted vertically movable following the double arrow 13 in order to adjust the immersion depth of the stirring propeller 5. The adjustment of the depth and the speed of rotation of the propeller will allow '' act on the accumulated sediments. The hydraulic movement will transport pathogenic elements to the surface which will be destroyed by solar ultraviolet. The combined actions of the destratifying brewing movement, the degrading activity of the microorganisms themselves and the destructive and disinfecting natural power of ultraviolet light make it possible to manage the

  sanitary conditions of any body of water.

  11 it should be noted that the association with the rotation of the propeller 5 of a vertical movement (arrow 13) up and down causes, depending on the level of immersion of the device, a surface wave which will increase the air contact area / water (appearance of surface waves) and therefore optimize

  oxygenation and diffusion of substances on the surface of the water body.

  The means 11 can also be used to distribute

  dosed manner of food for aquatic fauna or flora.

  The equation or synchronization of the various tasks of the apparatus (mixing, delamination, seeding, distribution of substances, etc.) is preferably carried out by programming using a system

  on-board, possibly remote-controlled.

  In Figure 5, there is shown at 14 means, for example cables, for holding the device in the desired location. These means are

  means of anchoring to the bottom of the water or mooring on the banks.

  These means of mooring on the banks can be used to move the device from one place to another, if the latter does not have autonomous means of

1 0 displacement.

  The device is also advantageously equipped with an assembly 15 which can be immersed at the desired depth and which acts as a temperature measurement probe or any other parameter (pH, oxygenation, etc.), for sampling or any other function, as well as a mini

  Laboratory for analysis and / or transmission on land of any data collected on board.

  These data can of course be collected periodically on board by physical presence or by radio, telephone (fax,

modem, Internet, etc.).

  Finally, the apparatus can be equipped with associated trapping means, collecting dissolved minerals as well as dissolved or suspended organic substances, conveyed by the movements of mixing and delamination. The various items of equipment on board the device are of course supplied with electrical energy from the batteries themselves charged by the solar panels 7, thus making the device completely autonomous during

a long duration.

  Figure 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the mixing / delamination means, consisting of a system known in itself for a long time, devised by Paul Schatz and formed of an assembly similar to a

double gimbal transmission.

  Such a system, of which more details can be obtained by consulting for example FR 2 015 012, comprises two vertical trees 16 and 17, of which [at least one is mo1eur and en1FaTnd by the mofeur ins126 in 4. Each tree 16, 17 es1 reLA pr halson la cardan, respec1ivemen1 18 e1 19, a lmen1 inte [mAdiaiFe ho [on1al 20 consb1ud por une body spAcisle Ovo [dale. The entrainment in rotation under the control of the srbres 1G, 17 of this body gives it a 1 [ec1Oie in [space followed by a loop in the form of hulL AussL the co [ps 20 is animated by a movement semable that of 'a paddle. A depos pu m [nd_e p ppo P6ne provides and ensures a smoother brewing, unhealthy nevertheless more effective and

NUS ge ampude que - de li ^.

  In fig. 7 is [schematically shown a Lappared vodania according to the invention more specifically designed to receive an adrogrator as a source of energy supplying the various onboard devices. To this effect, the structure Do11ante is hexagonal in shape and, for example, consists of six drinkers 21 connected to each other by a hinge system 22. In the center of the structure is placed a technical case 23 analogous to device 4 of FIG. 4, related to floaters 21 by Yonnant arms 24. In the center of the structure where is planted a ma1 shroud 25 of suitable height and support1 a monogram adrogalizer in gouette 26. This is shown again the aqua agitator, analogous to that of gure 4. Figure 8 is a simple paleHe view of the apparatus of the Elevelle 7, fitted, in addition to the adrogrator 26, ground panels 27 arranged in the spaces between the arms 24 and the kickers 21. The panels 27 are received by the otters 21 by means of an adlake of a cylinder 28 for adjusting the positioning of the panels which are themselves rotafitted,

in 29 on the arms 24 voins.

  The machine, according to FIGS. 7 and 8, can of course be equipped with the same apparatuses and inserts as the apparatuses of the 4G figures. Finally, the invention is obviously not limited to the embodiments described above but in on the contrary covers all variants in particular with regard to the means of propulsion / movement of the apparatus, the means of mixing / delamination, the means of distribution / sowing of products, substances, micro-organisms, the means of measuring various parameters, the means of communication / remote transmission and control or remote control of the device and

its various equipment.

Claims (11)

  1. Autonomous oxygenation and water treatment apparatus, in particular of open or closed bodies of water, characterized in that it consists of a floating structure (1, 2; 21) on which are mounted: - means (4) for moving the device over the water, - an on-board energy source (7, 26), - means (5, 6; 20) of agitation-stirring of the water and their control means in order to delaminate the water, and   - Means (14) for holding the device on the area to be treated.   2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the on-board energy source is constituted by a battery charged by solar panels (7).   3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the on-board energy source consists of a battery charged by an aerogenerator (26) and possibly by solar panels (27) 1 5 complementary.   4. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that   the stirring - stirring means consist of an entrained propeller (5) by a vertical shaft (6).   5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the propeller (5) is vertically movable in order to adjust the depth of immersion or   give the propeller an up and down movement.   6. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that   the stirring - stirring means are constituted by a double gimbal system (16 to 19) involving a horizontal body (20) of ovodal shape   describing in space an eight-shaped loop movement.   7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized   in that it comprises means for remote control of the means agitation - stirring (5, 6; 20).   8. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that   that it includes means for programming the movements of the device   and agitation - stirring actions.   9. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that   that it includes means (10, 1 1) of dissemination of products, substances, micro-organisms for various purposes, synchronized or not with actions agitation - brewing.   10. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that   that it further comprises means (15) for measuring various parameters such as   as temperature, pH, oxygenation, etc ...   11. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that   that it includes a mini-laboratory for the analysis and transmission of any data