WO2009084523A1 - ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009084523A1 WO2009084523A1 PCT/JP2008/073379 JP2008073379W WO2009084523A1 WO 2009084523 A1 WO2009084523 A1 WO 2009084523A1 JP 2008073379 W JP2008073379 W JP 2008073379W WO 2009084523 A1 WO2009084523 A1 WO 2009084523A1
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- carbon dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3469—Cell or pore nucleation
- B29C44/348—Cell or pore nucleation by regulating the temperature and/or the pressure, e.g. suppression of foaming until the pressure is rapidly decreased
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/36—Feeding the material to be shaped
- B29C44/46—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length
- B29C44/50—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length using pressure difference, e.g. by extrusion or by spraying
- B29C44/505—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length using pressure difference, e.g. by extrusion or by spraying extruding the compound through a flat die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
- B29C48/38—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in the same barrel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
- B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0012—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular thermal properties
- B29K2995/0015—Insulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08J2323/12—Polypropene
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polypropylene resin foam having a high foaming ratio, uniformly dispersed foam cells, and good surface appearance.
- an extruded foam using a polypropylene resin is known.
- a polyolefin resin composition containing a linear polypropylene resin having a melt tension of 5 to 30 g at 230 ° C. is used by using a foaming agent containing at least carbon dioxide in a supercritical state, A foam formed by foaming at a foaming ratio of 10 times or more has been proposed, and this foam (foamed board) has excellent extrusion foaming properties, excellent heat insulation performance, recyclable, and inexpensive. It is said that stable and continuous production is possible.
- a polypropylene resin composition and a foaming agent containing at least supercritical carbon dioxide are mixed, and if the melt extrusion temperature is less than 160 ° C., the supercritical carbon dioxide resin It is described that it is produced by melt extrusion at a temperature of 160 to 250 ° C., since the dissolution and diffusion in the resin is inferior, and conversely, when the temperature exceeds 250 ° C., degradation such as molecular chain breakage due to heat of the polypropylene resin starts to occur. Yes. International Publication No. 2007/004524 Pamphlet
- the surface appearance of the resulting foam may be inferior, or a high foaming ratio may not be exhibited and sufficient heat insulating performance may not be obtained.
- an apparatus becomes large and the workability
- operativity may be inferior.
- the resin is melt extruded by setting the cylinder barrel temperature to 180 ° C., but when the resin is extruded and foamed at this temperature, the surface appearance of the foam is particularly inferior, Since the foam (cell) diameter of the foam is not uniform and does not uniformly disperse, and a high foaming ratio cannot be obtained, the heat insulation of the foam is poor.
- a resin or the like is kneaded and extruded relatively long in two stages by an tandem extruder, and the cell diameter distribution of the resulting foam is relatively good, but the surface appearance is still It had the problem of being inferior.
- foam molding it is desired to use a single extruder by a one-stage extrusion method from the viewpoint of handleability and cost, but this is obtained when a foam is produced under the above-described extrusion conditions by this single extruder.
- the problems such as the poor surface appearance of the foam and the inability to increase the foaming ratio were significant.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a polypropylene resin foam having a high expansion ratio, uniformly foamed cells, and good surface appearance.
- the melt tension at 230 ° C. is 5 to 30 g
- the relationship between the melt flow rate (MFR) at 230 ° C. and the melt tension (MT) at 230 ° C. satisfies the following formula (1).
- MFR melt flow rate
- MT melt tension
- the extrusion apparatus is a single-stage extrusion apparatus (single extrusion apparatus); the cylinder barrel diameter of the single extrusion apparatus is 20 to 300 mm ⁇ , and the L / D is 20 to 40
- a tandem extrusion apparatus having a cylinder barrel diameter of 20 to 300 mm ⁇ and an L / D of 20 to 40 of the extrusion apparatus, and a second-stage extrusion apparatus with respect to the cylinder barrel diameter of the first-stage extrusion apparatus.
- the cylinder barrel diameter is larger; the rotational speed of the screw of the second-stage extrusion molding apparatus is 1 ⁇ 4 or less of the rotational speed of the screw of the first-stage extrusion molding apparatus; It is preferably liquefied carbon dioxide that is not in a supercritical state.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a method for producing a foam of a polypropylene resin having a high foaming ratio and a good surface appearance in which foamed cells are uniformly dispersed.
- the resin in the present invention contains at least a linear polypropylene resin (hereinafter referred to as “resin A”) having specific physical properties.
- the resin A must have a melt tension of 5 to 30 g at 230 ° C., preferably a melt tension of 6.5 to 20 g, more preferably a melt tension of 7.5 to 10 g.
- the melt tension of the resin A is less than 5 g, it is not preferable because the cell breaks easily when the resin A is foamed.
- the melt tension of the resin A exceeds 30 g, sufficient cells cannot be formed when the resin A is foamed. It is not preferable because growth is not performed.
- the resin A preferably has a melt flow rate (MFR) at 230 ° C. of 5 to 30, more preferably 5 to 20.
- MFR melt flow rate
- the relationship between the MFR and the melt tension (MT) at 230 ° C. needs to satisfy the following formula (1).
- the MFR is obtained by a method according to ASTM-D1238. Log (MT)> ⁇ 1.33 Log (MFR) +1.2 (1)
- the melt fluidity of the resin becomes too poor with respect to the increase in MT.
- the resin pressure increases, the cell membrane cannot be sufficiently stretched during foaming of the resin A, and it may be difficult to obtain a high-magnification foam.
- the value on the left side in the above formula (1) is preferably 0.5 to 3 larger than the value on the right side, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2 larger.
- the resin A needs to be a linear polymer.
- linear means that propylene monomer (propylene polymer) constituting the resin A is composed of individual propylene monomers (propylene polymer) constituting a propylene monomer and a copolymer thereof.
- the possible ⁇ -olefin monomer is an aggregate of polymers that are polymerized in a string substantially one by one.
- this linear polymer does not have a cross-linked structure using a method such as chemical cross-linking or electron beam cross-linking or a graft structure such as long-chain branching, production and quality control are relatively easy, Also suitable for repeated thermal histories received in processes such as re-pelletizing, which are performed at the time of recycling, since the molecular structure hardly deteriorates.
- the resin in the present invention can be blended with a resin other than the resin A, for example, a polypropylene resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “resin B”).
- a resin other than the resin A for example, a polypropylene resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “resin B”).
- the resin B include a propylene homopolymer, a copolymer mainly composed of propylene and an ⁇ -olefin other than propylene copolymerizable with the propylene, a polypropylene resin, and a polyethylene resin, for example.
- examples thereof include a mixture with a polyolefin resin other than the polypropylene resin.
- These polyolefin resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the extrusion foamability and the performance of the obtained foam are excellent, so that a propylene homopolymer having a relatively large molecular weight, a copolymer mainly composed of propylene and ethylene, A mixed resin of a polypropylene resin and a polyethylene resin is preferably used.
- the ⁇ -olefin other than ethylene copolymerizable with ethylene is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1 -Heptene, 1-octene and the like. These ⁇ -olefins other than ethylene may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ⁇ -olefin other than propylene copolymerizable with the polypropylene is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene. , 1-heptene, 1-octene and the like. These ⁇ -olefins other than propylene may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the resin B is preferably 200 parts by mass or less, more preferably 100 parts by mass or less, particularly preferably 40 to 80 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the resin A. .
- the content of the resin B exceeds 200 parts by mass, the effect of the resin B on the foaming property of the resin A becomes large, and the possibility of inhibiting the foaming property of the resin A depending on the case is large, which is not preferable.
- the content of the polypropylene resin in the mixed resin is 40 to 100% by mass. It is preferably 60 to 100% by mass.
- the content of the polypropylene resin in the mixed resin is less than 40% by mass, the resulting foam may have insufficient mechanical strength and heat resistance.
- the resin A is melted and foamed using a foaming agent containing at least carbon dioxide.
- a foaming agent containing at least carbon dioxide As carbon dioxide, liquid carbon dioxide that is not in a supercritical state or a supercritical state can be used.
- the use of carbon dioxide in a supercritical state as a foaming agent can produce a foam having excellent surface appearance, cell distribution, and expansion ratio, but is inferior in dispersibility in the resin. Even if liquid carbon dioxide that is not in a supercritical state is used, a foam having sufficient performance can be obtained, and therefore, it is suitably employed from the viewpoints of economy and handleability.
- the amount of the foaming agent used varies depending on the tandem extrusion method and the single extrusion method described later.
- the foaming agent contains carbon dioxide with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin (resin A alone or a mixture of resin A and resin B). Is preferably used in an amount of 3 to 20 parts by weight, particularly preferably 4 to 10 parts by weight.
- the amount of carbon dioxide used is less than 3 parts by mass, the foaming ratio of the resin is reduced, and the cell nucleus is reduced to enlarge the cell, which tends to cause a decrease in the heat insulation performance of the obtained foam
- the amount of carbon dioxide used exceeds 20 parts by mass, large voids due to excess carbon dioxide are likely to be generated in the foam, which is not preferable.
- the amount of carbon dioxide that can be added to the resin is larger in the supercritical carbon dioxide than in the non-supercritical state.
- Using carbon dioxide in a supercritical state as a foaming agent is advantageous for increasing the foaming ratio of the resin.
- the foam product has a foaming ratio of about 15 to 35 times that of the resin, the production method of the present invention can It becomes possible to use liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the foam production method of the present invention uses a foaming apparatus having an extruder and a die attached to the tip, and includes a resin containing the resin A having the above specific physical properties and a foaming agent containing at least carbon dioxide.
- a foaming apparatus having an extruder and a die attached to the tip, and includes a resin containing the resin A having the above specific physical properties and a foaming agent containing at least carbon dioxide.
- the resin cannot be sufficiently melted, or the resin pressure in the immediate vicinity of the die opening becomes too high, and carbon dioxide into the molten resin
- the injection of the resin is hindered, the load is excessively applied to the apparatus, and when the molten resin and carbon dioxide are kneaded, shearing tends to increase, and the resin tends to generate heat and molecular breakage easily occurs.
- the resin pressure in the immediate vicinity of the die opening is too low and the resin pressure suitable for foaming is reduced. This is not preferable because it cannot be maintained, and the foaming ratio of the resulting foam is reduced or the resin is deteriorated.
- the cylinder barrel temperature before foaming is less than 175 ° C., the resin is not sufficiently foamed by the foaming agent, and the foaming ratio of the resulting foam is lowered, which is not preferable, while the cylinder barrel temperature before foaming is 190 ° C. If it exceeds 1, it is considered that the viscosity of the molten resin is lowered, the foaming ratio of the resulting foam is lowered, and many voids are generated in the foam.
- the resin pressure (pressure loss) immediately near the die opening is preferably 5 to 20 MPa, and the molten resin is preferably released into the atmosphere and extruded and foamed.
- the pressure loss is more preferably 7 to 15 MPa, and most preferably 9 to 15 MPa.
- the pressure loss is less than 5 MPa, the carbon dioxide dissolved in the resin is easily vaporized inside the extruder and inside the die, and foaming occurs inside the apparatus, cell foaming, excessive growth, foaming A reduction in magnification and a significant reduction in appearance are undesirable.
- a single-stage extrusion method using a single extruder can be used for foaming a resin
- a two-stage extrusion method using a tandem extruder can be used for foaming a resin.
- a tandem extruder can be used to obtain a foam excellent in surface appearance, cell distribution, and expansion ratio, but a single extruder that has been conventionally considered not to be sufficiently dispersed in a resin is used.
- a foam having sufficient performance such as surface appearance, cell distribution, and expansion ratio can be obtained, it is preferably employed from the viewpoints of economy and handleability.
- the discharge amount of the molten resin in the extruder is preferably 1 to 1000 kg / hr.
- the discharge amount of the molten resin depends on the specifications of the extruder, it is preferably about 1 to 50 kg / hr in a type with a relatively small screw diameter, and in a type with a relatively large screw diameter, Generally, it is preferably 50 to 1000 kg / hr. If the amount of molten resin discharged is too much or too little, it will be difficult to maintain a pressure loss suitable for foaming at the die site and a decompression speed, and it will not be possible to obtain a foam with sufficient magnification, or foaming. Cells may break up in the body.
- the screw diameter or cylinder barrel diameter (D) is preferably 20 to 300 mm, and (L / D) when the screw length is (L) is preferably 20 to 40.
- a tandem extruder constructed on the basis of combining two screws in series is preferred. By using a tandem extruder, the resin pressure loss condition and the discharge amount of the die part suitable for foaming can be controlled independently by the number of rotations of each screw, and the characteristics of the resin are fully exhibited and excellent. Characteristic foam (foam board) can be manufactured.
- the second-stage cylinder barrel diameter (D) is the first-stage cylinder.
- the screw diameter is preferably larger than the barrel diameter (D), more preferably 1.3 to 3 times, and the screw speed is set to 1 in the second stage compared to the screw speed in the first stage. / 4 or less is preferable.
- the shape of the die used in the extruder is not limited, but the opening area, shape and thickness of the opening relative to the discharge amount of the molten resin so that the pressure loss per opening is 5 to 20 MPa as described above.
- the opening shape of the die hole in the extruder is preferably a circular shape with little shear, and the opening portion
- the diameter of is preferably 0.3 to 3.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
- the depth of the die hole is preferably 0.1 to 10 mm, and a plurality of openings are preferably provided on the front surface of the die.
- the diameter is less than 0.3 mm, the strand diameter constituting the foam is too small, and when extruding a resin having a high melt viscosity as in the present invention, the resin cannot pass through the die hole, and partial clogging occurs. Or the diameter of the foamed strand derived from the melt fracture is made non-uniform, and the appearance of the foam is impaired, or the resin cannot pass through the die hole and becomes clogged, resulting in a large gap in the foam product cross section. On the other hand, when the diameter exceeds 3.0 mm, the resin pressure suitable for foaming cannot be maintained, voids are generated in the foam, and the foam expansion ratio of the foam is reduced.
- a slit-shaped die having an opening height of 0.3 to 2.0 mm and a length of 10 to 2,000 mm can also be used.
- the resin is predetermined using, for example, an extruder having a carbon dioxide supply line from a carbon dioxide supply machine in the middle of a cylinder barrel. After heating to temperature and uniformly melt-kneading, a predetermined amount of carbon dioxide is supplied from a supply line, and extrusion molding is performed to produce a foam.
- the foam obtained by the present invention has a foaming ratio of 20 times or more, and even if it is 20 times or more, it has the cell diameter and cell distribution coefficient and is sufficient as a heat insulating material. Since it has thermal performance, it is preferable. In addition, it is preferable to increase the foaming ratio of the foam because the specific gravity of the foam can be reduced and the cost of raw materials to be used can be reduced. On the other hand, when the foaming ratio of the foam is excessively high, the mechanical strength of the foam is lowered, and the foam is easily damaged by external addition or the like. Therefore, the expansion ratio is preferably 100 times or less, particularly 50 times or less.
- the foam obtained by the present invention has an average cell diameter of 200 ⁇ m or less, preferably 150 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 to 100 ⁇ m, and a cell diameter distribution coefficient of 30% or less. More preferably, it is 25% or less, particularly 20% or less.
- the average cell diameter can be 200 ⁇ m or less, and the cell diameter distribution coefficient can be 30% or less.
- the foam obtained by the present invention has a thermal conductivity of 20 to 42 mW / mK measured in accordance with JIS-A1412 and has a suitable heat insulating property. Further, the thermal conductivity of the foam is more preferably 20 to 37 mW / mK. When the thermal conductivity exceeds 42 mW / mK, not only the thermal insulation performance of the foam is inferior, but also a thermal resistance value of 0.9 or more which is an evaluation standard of preferable thermal performance when the foam is used as a thermal insulation building material board.
- the thickness of the heat insulating building material board must be 36 mm or more, for example, when it is used as a heat insulating material for a floor, it becomes larger than the size of the wooden frame of the floor, which may cause problems during construction. There is not preferable.
- Example 1 A polypropylene-based resin (resin A) having an MFR at 230 ° C. of 3.3 (g / 10 minutes) and a melt tension at 230 ° C. of 7.6 g is mounted on the first stage with a liquefied carbon dioxide supply line, Supplied to a tandem single-screw extruder (KGT-50-65 manufactured by Kawata Corporation) equipped with a die 1 (8 ⁇ 48 multi-hole die with an opening diameter of 0.5 mm) at the tip of the second stage did.
- a tandem single-screw extruder KGT-50-65 manufactured by Kawata Corporation
- the cylinder barrel temperature of the location where the first-stage liquefied carbon dioxide is supplied is set to 230 ° C.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide supply rate is set to 1.7 kg / hour, and 6.6 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin A100.
- the amount of extrusion is adjusted by the screw rotation speed of the first stage extruder so as to contain 8 parts by mass, the cylinder barrel temperature immediately before the die is set to 182 ° C., and a multistage multi-strand die is used. It adjusted with the screw rotation speed of the 2nd stage extruder so that it might be set to 8.2 Mpa, and the sheet-like foam which consists of resin A was obtained by carrying out die extrusion foaming. Details of the production conditions are shown in Table 1 (the same applies to other examples and comparative examples below).
- Example 2 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the carbon dioxide of Example 1 was supercritical carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide-3 manufactured by Kawata Corporation).
- Example 3 A rod-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the die was changed from a multi-strand die to a one-hole die and the amount of liquid carbon dioxide was changed.
- Example 4 Except for changing from the tandem extruder that extrudes in two stages of Example 1 to a single extruder that supplies carbon dioxide in one stage and extrudes into a die, the liquefied carbon dioxide supply amount is changed to 2.3 kg / hour, A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1. Details are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 A sheet-like foam was obtained under substantially the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the carbon dioxide of Example 4 was supercritical carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide-3 manufactured by Kawata Corporation).
- Example 6 A rod-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 4 except that the die was changed from a multi-strand die to a one-hole die and the amount of liquid carbon dioxide was changed.
- Comparative Example 1 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the resin was changed to a general-purpose polypropylene resin (MT 2.7 g, etc.).
- Comparative Example 2 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the cylinder barrel temperature at the location where liquefied carbon dioxide was supplied was changed to 180 ° C.
- Comparative Example 3 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the cylinder barrel temperature at the location where liquefied carbon dioxide was supplied was changed to 180 ° C.
- Comparative Example 4 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the cylinder barrel temperature just before the die was changed to 170 ° C.
- Comparative Example 5 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the cylinder barrel temperature just before the die was changed to 200 ° C.
- Comparative Example 6 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 4 except that the cylinder barrel temperature at the location where liquefied carbon dioxide was supplied was changed to 180 ° C.
- Comparative Example 7 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 5 except that the cylinder barrel temperature at the location where liquefied carbon dioxide was supplied was changed to 180 ° C.
- Comparative Example 8 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the cylinder barrel temperature at the location where liquefied carbon dioxide was supplied was changed to 250 ° C. and the cylinder barrel temperature immediately before the die was changed to 215 ° C.
- Comparative Example 9 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the cylinder barrel temperature at the location where liquefied carbon dioxide was supplied was changed to 210 ° C. and the cylinder barrel temperature immediately before the die was changed to 170 ° C.
- Comparative Example 10 A sheet-like foam was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the cylinder barrel temperature at the location where liquefied carbon dioxide was supplied was changed to 210 ° C. and the cylinder barrel temperature immediately before the die was changed to 200 ° C.
- (B) Foaming ratio It was determined according to the following formula from the specific gravity of the resin and the measurement result of the density obtained in (a).
- (Foaming ratio) (specific gravity of resin) / (density of foam)
- (C) Average cell diameter: The foam is cut into test pieces, and the cross-sectional area is observed with an electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 50 times using an SEM super scan 220 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The average cell diameter was calculated by the following formula by drawing 10 straight lines corresponding to a length of substantially 2 mm from the image and counting the number of cells on the straight line. (Average cell diameter ⁇ m) (2000 ⁇ 10) / (number of cells on 10 straight lines)
- G Appearance: Measured by the following two evaluation methods. (However, Examples 3 and 6 are only evaluated 1)
- Evaluation 1 The cut surface of the foam was observed 100 times with a microwatcher, and the number of voids on the surface was measured in a 9.32 mm ⁇ 12.45 mm screen, and the average of 5 samples was obtained. The case where it became is evaluated by (circle), x, and (triangle
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Abstract
Description
従って、本発明の目的は、発泡倍率が高く、発泡セルが均一に分散し、表面外観が良好なポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法を提供することである。
Log(MT)>-1.33Log(MFR)+1.2 (1)
本発明における樹脂は、特定の物性を有する直鎖状のポリプロピレン系樹脂(以下「樹脂A」という)を少なくとも含有する。該樹脂Aは、230℃における溶融張力が5~30gであることを必須とし、好ましくは溶融張力が6.5~20gであり、より好ましくは溶融張力が7.5~10gである。上記樹脂Aの溶融張力が5g未満であると、樹脂Aの発泡時にセルの破泡が生じやすく好ましくなく、一方、樹脂Aの溶融張力が30gを超えると、樹脂Aの発泡時に充分なセルの成長が行われず好ましくない。
Log(MT)>-1.33Log(MFR)+1.2 (1)
230℃におけるMFRが3.3(g/10分)であり、230℃における溶融張力が7.6gであるポリプロピレン系樹脂(樹脂A)を、1段目に液化二酸化炭素供給ラインが装着され、2段目先端にダイス1(開口部の直径が0.5mmの8×48列の多ホールダイス)が装着されたタンデム型単軸押出機((株)カワタ製KGT-50-65)に供給した。そして1段目の液化二酸化炭素が供給される箇所のシリンダーバレル温度を230℃に設定して、液化二酸化炭素供給量を1.7kg/時間に設定して、樹脂A100質量部に対して6.8質量部含有するように押出量を1段目の押出機のスクリュー回転数で調整し、ダイス直前のシリンダーバレル温度を182℃として、多段のマルチストランドダイスを用い、ダイス1部位の樹脂圧力が8.2MPaになるように2段目の押出機のスクリュー回転数で調整し、ダイス押出発泡することにより樹脂Aからなるシート状の発泡体を得た。製造条件の詳細を表1に示す(以下の他の実施例および比較例も同様)。
実施例1の二酸化炭素が、超臨界二酸化炭素((株)カワタ製二酸化炭素-3)である以外は、実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
ダイスをマルチストランドダイから、1孔のダイスに替えて、液状二酸化炭素の量を変えた以外は、実施例1と同様の条件でロッド状の発泡体を得た。
実施例1の2段階で押出すタンデム押出機から、1段階で二酸化炭素を供給しダイスに押出をするシングル押出機に替え、液化二酸化炭素供給量を2.3kg/時間に変えた以外は、実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。詳細を表1に示す。
実施例4の二酸化炭素が超臨界二酸化炭素((株)カワタ製二酸化炭素-3)である以外は略実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
ダイスをマルチストランドダイから、1孔のダイスに替えて、液状二酸化炭素の量を変えた以外は実施例4と同様の条件でロッド状の発泡体を得た。
樹脂を汎用のポリプロピレン系樹脂(MT2.7gなど)に替えた以外は実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
液化二酸化炭素が供給される箇所のシリンダーバレル温度を180℃に変えた以外は実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
液化二酸化炭素が供給される箇所のシリンダーバレル温度を180℃に変えた以外は実施例2と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
ダイス直前のシリンダーバレル温度を170℃に変えた以外は実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
ダイス直前のシリンダーバレル温度を200℃に変えた以外は実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
液化二酸化炭素が供給される箇所のシリンダーバレル温度を180℃に変えた以外は実施例4と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
液化二酸化炭素が供給される箇所のシリンダーバレル温度を180℃に変えた以外は実施例5と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
液化二酸化炭素が供給される箇所のシリンダーバレル温度を250℃に変え、ダイス直前のシリンダーバレル温度を215℃に変えた以外は実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
液化二酸化炭素が供給される箇所のシリンダーバレル温度を210℃に変え、ダイス直前のシリンダーバレル温度を170℃に変えた以外は実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
液化二酸化炭素が供給される箇所のシリンダーバレル温度を210℃に変え、ダイス直前のシリンダーバレル温度を200℃に変えた以外は実施例1と同様の条件でシート状の発泡体を得た。
(a)密度・・・得られた発泡体を20×20×2.5(cm)の試験小片に裁断し、その重量と各辺の長さを計測し、以下の算式に従って発泡体密度を求めた。
(発泡体密度G/L)=(発泡体重量G)/(発泡体体積L)
(発泡倍率)=(樹脂の比重)/(発泡体の密度)
(c)平均セル径・・・発泡体を試験小片に裁断し、その断面積を、(株)島津製作所製SEMスーパースキャン220を用いて電子顕微鏡(SEM)で50倍の倍率にして観察される画像から、無作為に実質2mmの長さにあたる直線を10本引き、その直線上のセル個数を数えることにより平均セル径を次の式により算出して求めた。
(平均セル径μm)=(2000×10)/(10本の直線上にあるセル個数)
(セル径分布係数)=(セル径の標準偏差)/(セル径の平均値)
(e)熱伝導率・・・JISA-1412に準拠して、得られた発泡体を20×20×2(cm)の試験小片に裁断し、英弘精機社製の熱伝導率測定装置HC-074を用いて熱伝導率を測定した。
(g)外観・・・・下記2つの評価方法で測定した。(但し、実施例3、6は評価1のみ)
発泡体の切断面をマイクロウォッチャーにて100倍で観察し、9.32mm×12.45mmの画面中、表面のボイドの数を測定し、5サンプルでの平均を求め、平均値が以下のようになっている場合を○、×、△で評価した。
ボイド数 1個未満:○
3個未満:△
3個以上:×
発泡体の切断面を同じくマイクロウォッチャーにて100倍でストランド間の隙間について観察し隙間の大きな箇所を測定し、5サンプルでの平均を求め、平均値が以下の場合を○、×、△で評価した。
隙間 0.5mm未満:○
1.0mm未満:△
1.0mm以上:×
本発明で用いた製造条件、および得られた発泡体の物性および評価を纏めて表1および表2に示す。
Claims (6)
- 230℃における溶融張力が5~30gであり、230℃におけるメルトフローレート(MFR)と、230℃における溶融張力(MT)との関係が、下記の式(1)を満たす直鎖状のポリプロピレン系樹脂を、押出装置により溶融押出ながら、該溶融樹脂に二酸化炭素を注入して、該溶融樹脂を発泡させる発泡体の製造方法において、押出装置における二酸化炭素の導入箇所のシリンダーバレル温度を200~240℃として、発泡前のシリンダーバレル温度が175~190℃となるように温度調節した後に、ダイスの開口面積あたりの上記樹脂の吐出量を、ダイス開口部の直近の樹脂圧力が5~20MPaとなるようにして、溶融樹脂を大気下に吐出して発泡させることを特徴とするポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法。
Log(MT)>-1.33Log(MFR)+1.2 (1) - 前記押出装置が、1段階での押出装置(シングル押出装置)である請求項1に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法。
- 前記シングル押出装置のシリンダーバレル径が20~300mmφで、L/Dが20~40である請求項2に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法。
- 前記押出装置のシリンダーバレル径が20~300mmφで、L/Dが20~40のタンデム押出装置であり、1段目の押出成形装置のシリンダーバレル径に対して2段目の押出成形装置のシリンダーバレル径の方が大きい請求項1に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法。
- 1段目の押出成形装置のスクリューの回転数に対して、2段目押出成形装置のスクリューの回転数を1/4以下とする請求項4に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法。
- 前記二酸化炭素が、超臨界状態ではない液化二酸化炭素である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法。
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EP08866256A EP2223790A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2008-12-24 | Process for producing polypropylene resin foam |
US12/810,488 US20100273904A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2008-12-24 | Process for producing polypropylene resin foam |
CN2008801224572A CN101909853A (zh) | 2007-12-27 | 2008-12-24 | 聚丙烯系树脂发泡体的制造方法 |
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JP2001150520A (ja) * | 1999-11-29 | 2001-06-05 | Kanazawa Inst Of Technology | 微細発泡性材料の押出し成形方法および微細発泡性材料製造用押出し成形機 |
JP2002337186A (ja) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-27 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | 射出成形機または押出機の材料供給方法 |
JP2005154601A (ja) * | 2003-11-26 | 2005-06-16 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | 樹脂発泡体の製造方法および該発泡体を用いた紙葉類重送防止部材 |
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US6444153B1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2002-09-03 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | In-line compounding/extrusion deposition and molding apparatus and method of using the same |
JP4409889B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-08 | 2010-02-03 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 樹脂発泡体の製造方法および該発泡体を用いた紙葉類重送防止部材 |
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- 2008-12-24 WO PCT/JP2008/073379 patent/WO2009084523A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2008-12-24 CN CN2008801224572A patent/CN101909853A/zh active Pending
- 2008-12-24 KR KR1020107014000A patent/KR20100087760A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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JP2001150520A (ja) * | 1999-11-29 | 2001-06-05 | Kanazawa Inst Of Technology | 微細発泡性材料の押出し成形方法および微細発泡性材料製造用押出し成形機 |
JP2002337186A (ja) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-27 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | 射出成形機または押出機の材料供給方法 |
JP2005154601A (ja) * | 2003-11-26 | 2005-06-16 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | 樹脂発泡体の製造方法および該発泡体を用いた紙葉類重送防止部材 |
WO2007004524A1 (ja) | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-11 | Asahi Fiber Glass Company, Limited | 断熱建材用発泡ボードおよびその製造方法 |
JP2007136966A (ja) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-06-07 | Asahi Fiber Glass Co Ltd | ポリオレフィン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法 |
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US20100273904A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
KR20100087760A (ko) | 2010-08-05 |
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