WO2009058044A1 - Plasmochemical reactor for generating a plasma discharge in gases - Google Patents

Plasmochemical reactor for generating a plasma discharge in gases Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009058044A1
WO2009058044A1 PCT/RU2008/000074 RU2008000074W WO2009058044A1 WO 2009058044 A1 WO2009058044 A1 WO 2009058044A1 RU 2008000074 W RU2008000074 W RU 2008000074W WO 2009058044 A1 WO2009058044 A1 WO 2009058044A1
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Prior art keywords
plasma
gas
reactor
porous cellular
gases
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PCT/RU2008/000074
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French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Aleksandr Michailovich Makarov
Aleksandr Alexandrovich Makarov
Michail Aleksandrovich Makarov
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Zakrytoe Akcionernoe Obschestvo 'ecat Company'
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Publication of WO2009058044A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009058044A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
    • H05H1/2418—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes the electrodes being embedded in the dielectric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/92—Dimensions
    • B01D2255/9205—Porosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
    • B01J2219/0809—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes employing two or more electrodes
    • B01J2219/0813—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes employing two or more electrodes employing four electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
    • B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
    • B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
    • B01J2219/083—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear cylindrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
    • B01J2219/0881—Two or more materials
    • B01J2219/0883—Gas-gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
    • B01J2219/0892—Materials to be treated involving catalytically active material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
    • H05H2245/10—Treatment of gases
    • H05H2245/15—Ambient air; Ozonisers

Definitions

  • Plasma-chemical reactor for the generation of plasma discharge in gases.
  • the invention relates to a plasma-chemical treatment of gases and vapors, namely, a plasma-chemical reactor for generating a plasma discharge in gases and vapors.
  • the reactor contains a reaction chamber with openings for the introduction of gas and the output of the processed gas and with at least two electrodes located in it, one electrode having a pointed form and the other electrode having the shape of a smooth surface.
  • the electrodes are connected to different poles of the high-voltage source, the electrode having a pointed shape is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage source, and the electrode having a smooth surface shape is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage source.
  • the gas convertor Yatagan is known (RF patent for utility model Jfe 40013 dated 05.31.04, MKI WHO C 3/02, t bul. XB24, 2004).
  • the device is designed to clean the air from gaseous pollutants or odorous substances, air preparation and sterilization of fresh air.
  • the gas convertor Yatagan consists of three main blocks connected by sleeves. This is a pre-treatment unit (filter), a gas discharge unit and a catalytic unit, with bulk catalyst.
  • the gas-discharge unit includes a power source, issuing an alternating current to the electrodes with a frequency of 50 to 90000 Hz and a voltage of 5 to 20 kilovolts.
  • the air passes along the electrode assembly, in which one of the electrodes is flat and closed on both sides with glass, the second is a grid with metal needles perpendicular to the grid plane.
  • the disadvantages of analogue should include a large weight and dimensions of the device, temperature limits for working conditions from 0 to 50 0 C, restrictions on the load of pollutants up to 1 g / m 3 .
  • the closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed reactor is an installation for plasma-catalytic sterilization and air purification, comprising a housing having inlet and outlet channels, successively located between them a power supply unit, a gas discharge unit, a catalytic section (RF Patent JV ⁇ 2297874 from 03.06.05 , IPC BOl D 53/86, A61L 2/14; bulletin JTs 12, 2007), chosen by us as a prototype.
  • the gas discharge unit is made in the form of a plasma generator with an insulating cartridge with a set of plates of highly porous cellular material, dielectric, and electrically conductive plate.
  • a fan with a control unit is installed in front of the gas discharge unit.
  • the catalytic section contains a heat and gas insulating partition, thermal heating elements mounted on catalytic units made of highly porous cellular metal (VPNM) and catalytic units of highly porous cellular materials.
  • VPNM highly porous cellular metal
  • a plate of highly porous cellular material and an electrically conductive plate forming the discharge pair are connected to the power supply.
  • Highly porous cellular metal catalytic units are used as a structural forming and bearing material of the catalytic section.
  • the disadvantages of the prototype include the fact that the gases entering the gas discharge unit, having passed a layer of highly porous cellular metal, after a plasma-chemical reaction in the plasma discharge zone are reflected from the dielectric plate and mixed with the incoming gas, and a significant part of the gas flow does not reach the plasma discharge zone at all, flowing around the gas discharge unit, which reduces the efficiency of plasma-chemical gas treatment and plant performance.
  • the objective of the invention is to create a simple in design, compact plasma-chemical reactor generating a plasma discharge in high-performance gases, which allows plasma-chemical processing of gases and vapors at high speeds and loads.
  • the problem is solved using the signs specified in the 1st claim of the invention, in common with the prototype, such as a plasma-chemical reactor for generating a plasma discharge in gases, comprising a housing having inlet and outlet channels, a gas discharge unit located in it, and a catalytic unit of highly porous cellular materials (BPNM), and distinctive, essential features such as a porous cellular material filled the entire cross section of the plasma-chemical reactor, the entire surface of which has a catalytic layer, accelerating The flow of plasma-chemical reactions in the gas, while the gas discharge unit is a gas discharge pair of two or more dielectric-insulated electrode assemblies placed in a highly porous cellular material and connected to a power source.
  • BPNM highly porous cellular materials
  • All nodes of the plasma-chemical reactor are assembled in a compact case with a cooled or heated surface and a calculated internal layout that ensures the most efficient operation; as a catalyst, gas permeable highly porous cellular material with a catalytic coating was used, providing turbulization of the gas flow at the plasma generation site, and rapid removal of the generated reaction products; gas-discharge pair in highly porous cellular material is formed by assemblies of dielectric-coated electrodes placed in it, connected to a power source, which facilitated and simplified the design of the plasma-chemical reactor, eliminating the time-consuming electrical insulation of highly porous cellular material in the reactor vessel and high efficiency of heat transfer between catalytic section and catalytic section. reactor.
  • FIG. 1 shows an enlarged zone of contact of the BIMM with a dielectric coating of the electrode.
  • Plasma-chemical reactor consists of a metal body 1; an input window 2 and an output window 3 in which the catalytic unit 4 is located and two or more assemblies of insulated dielectric coated 5 electrodes 6 and 7 connected to a power source (not shown in the drawing) are placed in it.
  • Assemblies of dielectric-insulated electrodes 6, 7 can be located in a highly porous cellular material along the length (Fig. 1) or across (Fig. 2) the direction of gas flow.
  • the porous cellular material filled the entire cross section of the plasma-chemical reactor, the entire surface of which has a catalytic layer 8 (for example, metal oxides, metal nanoparticles, etc.), which accelerates the flow of plasma-chemical reactions in the gas. (Fig.Z)
  • the device works as follows.
  • the most successful plasma-chemical reactor according to the invention is used in the chemical industry and other areas where plasma generation of discharge in gases and vapors is required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The inventive plasmochemical reactor consists of a meta body (1) and entrance (2) and exit (3) gates, which body comprises a catalytic unit (4) and two or more assemblies of electrodes (6, 7) which are insulated by means of a dielectric coating (5) and are connected to an electric power supply. The assemblies of dielectrically insulated electrodes (6, 7) can be arranged in a highly-porous cellular material along or across a gas flow path. The entire cross-section of the plasmochemical reactor is filled with said highly-porous cellular material, the entire surface of the cells of which is provided with a catalytic layer (8) (for example metaloxides, metal nanoparticles, etc) for accelerating plasmochemical reactions.

Description

Плазмохимический реактор для генерации плазменного разряда в газах. Plasma-chemical reactor for the generation of plasma discharge in gases.
Область техникиTechnical field
Изобретение относится к плазмохимической обработке газов и паров, а именно к плазмохимическому реактору для генерации плазменного разряда в газах и парах.The invention relates to a plasma-chemical treatment of gases and vapors, namely, a plasma-chemical reactor for generating a plasma discharge in gases and vapors.
Предшествующий уровень техникиPrior art
Известен плазмохимический реактор для переработки природных горючих газов, дымовых газов, выхлопных газов двигателей внутреннего сгорания от содержащихся в них нежелательных химических соединений, в частности СО и НгS, NОг, CO2. Реактор содержит реакционную камеру с окнами для ввода газа и вывода переработанного газа и с расположенными в ней, по меньшей мере, двумя электродами, причем один электрод имеет заостренную форму, а другой электрод - форму гладкой поверхности. Электроды подключены к различным полюсам источника высокого напряжения, причем электрод, имеющий заостренную форму, подключен к положительному полюсу источника высокого напряжения, а электрод, имеющий форму гладкой поверхности, подключен к отрицательному полюсу источника высокого напряжения. В реакторе создают непрерывно горящий стримерный разряд между гладким электродом катода и заостренными электродами анода и пропускают перерабатываемый газ (Патент РФ 2184601 от 07.10.2002, MKHBO 1D53/32). Недостатками устройства аналога является большие габариты реактора и источника питания, как следствие высокая материалоемкость реактора.Known plasma-chemical reactor for the processing of natural combustible gases, flue gases, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines from the undesirable chemical compounds contained in them, in particular CO and HgS, NOg, CO 2 . The reactor contains a reaction chamber with openings for the introduction of gas and the output of the processed gas and with at least two electrodes located in it, one electrode having a pointed form and the other electrode having the shape of a smooth surface. The electrodes are connected to different poles of the high-voltage source, the electrode having a pointed shape is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage source, and the electrode having a smooth surface shape is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage source. In the reactor, a continuously burning streamer discharge is created between the smooth cathode electrode and the pointed electrodes of the anode and the gas to be processed is passed (Patent RF 2184601 of 10/07/2002, MKHBO 1D53 / 32). The disadvantages of the device analog is the large dimensions of the reactor and power source, as a consequence of the high material consumption of the reactor.
Известен газоконвертор "Ятаган" (патент РФ на полезную модель Jfe 40013 от 31.05.04, МКИ ВОЗ С 3/02,т бюл.XЬ24, 2004г). Устройство создано для очистки воздуха от газообразных загрязняющих или дурнопахнущих веществ, воздухоподготовки и стерилизации приточного воздуха. Конструктивно газоконвертор "Ятаган" состоит из трех основных блоков соединенных рукавами. Это блок предварительной очистки (фильтр), газоразрядный блок и каталитический блок, с насыпным катализатором. В газоразрядный блок входит источник питания, выдающий на электроды переменный ток частотой от 50 до 90000 Гц и напряжением от 5 до 20 киловольт. Воздух проходит вдоль сборки электродов, в которой один из электродов плоский и закрыт с обоих сторон стеклом, второй представляет собой сетку с расположенными на ней перпендикулярно плоскости сетки металлическими иглами.The gas convertor Yatagan is known (RF patent for utility model Jfe 40013 dated 05.31.04, MKI WHO C 3/02, t bul. XB24, 2004). The device is designed to clean the air from gaseous pollutants or odorous substances, air preparation and sterilization of fresh air. Structurally, the gas convertor Yatagan consists of three main blocks connected by sleeves. This is a pre-treatment unit (filter), a gas discharge unit and a catalytic unit, with bulk catalyst. The gas-discharge unit includes a power source, issuing an alternating current to the electrodes with a frequency of 50 to 90000 Hz and a voltage of 5 to 20 kilovolts. The air passes along the electrode assembly, in which one of the electrodes is flat and closed on both sides with glass, the second is a grid with metal needles perpendicular to the grid plane.
К недостаткам аналога следует отнести большой вес и габариты устройства, температурные ограничения по условиям работы от 0 до 50 0C, ограничения по нагрузке загрязняющих веществ до 1 г/м3.The disadvantages of analogue should include a large weight and dimensions of the device, temperature limits for working conditions from 0 to 50 0 C, restrictions on the load of pollutants up to 1 g / m 3 .
Наиболее близким по технической сущности и достигаемому результату к предлагаемому реактору является установка для плазмокаталитической стерилизации и очистки воздуха, включающая корпус, имеющий входной и выходной каналы, последовательно расположенные между ними блок питания, газоразрядный узел, каталитическую секцию (патент РФ JVЬ 2297874 от 03.06.05, МПК BOl D 53/86, A61L 2/14; бюл. JTs 12, 2007 г.), выбранная нами в качестве прототипа.The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed reactor is an installation for plasma-catalytic sterilization and air purification, comprising a housing having inlet and outlet channels, successively located between them a power supply unit, a gas discharge unit, a catalytic section (RF Patent JVЬ 2297874 from 03.06.05 , IPC BOl D 53/86, A61L 2/14; bulletin JTs 12, 2007), chosen by us as a prototype.
Газоразрядный узел выполнены в виде плазмогенератора, имеющего изолирующую кассету с набором пластин из высокопористого ячеистого материала, диэлектрика, и электропроводящей пластины. Перед газоразрядным узлом установлен вентилятор с блоком управления. Каталитическая секция содержит теплогазоизолирующую перегородку, тепловые нагревательные элементы, закрепленные на каталитических блоках выполненных из высокопористого ячеистого мeтaллa(BПЯM) и каталитические блоки из высокопористых ячеистых материалов. Пластина из высокопористого ячеистого материала и электропроводящая пластина, образующая разрядную пару подключены к блоку питания. Высокопористые ячеистые металлические каталитические блоки использованы в качестве конструкционного формообразующего и несущего материала каталитической секции.The gas discharge unit is made in the form of a plasma generator with an insulating cartridge with a set of plates of highly porous cellular material, dielectric, and electrically conductive plate. A fan with a control unit is installed in front of the gas discharge unit. The catalytic section contains a heat and gas insulating partition, thermal heating elements mounted on catalytic units made of highly porous cellular metal (VPNM) and catalytic units of highly porous cellular materials. A plate of highly porous cellular material and an electrically conductive plate forming the discharge pair are connected to the power supply. Highly porous cellular metal catalytic units are used as a structural forming and bearing material of the catalytic section.
К недостаткам прототипа следует отнести то, что поступающие в газоразрядный узел газы, пройдя слой высокопористого ячеистого металла, после плазмохимической реакции в зоне плазменного разряда отражаются от диэлектрической пластины и смешиваются с вновь поступающим газом, а значительная часть газового потока вообще не достигает зоны плазменного разряда, обтекая газоразрядный узел, что снижает эффективность плазмохимической обработки газа и производительность установки.The disadvantages of the prototype include the fact that the gases entering the gas discharge unit, having passed a layer of highly porous cellular metal, after a plasma-chemical reaction in the plasma discharge zone are reflected from the dielectric plate and mixed with the incoming gas, and a significant part of the gas flow does not reach the plasma discharge zone at all, flowing around the gas discharge unit, which reduces the efficiency of plasma-chemical gas treatment and plant performance.
Раскрытие изобретенияDISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Задачей изобретения является создание простого по конструкции, малогабаритного плазмохимического реактора генерации плазменного разряда в газах высокой производительности, которая позволяет осуществлять плазмохимическую переработку газов и паров при больших скоростях и нагрузках. Поставленная задача решается с помощью признаков указанных в 1-м пункте формулы изобретения, общих с прототипом, таких как плазмохимический реактор для генерации плазменного разряда в газах, включающий корпус, имеющий входной и выходной каналы, размещенные в нем газоразрядный узел, и каталитический блок из высокопористых ячеистых мaтepиaлoв(BПЯM),и отличительных, существенных признаков таких как высопористым ячеистым материалом заполнено все сечение плазмохимического реактора, вся поверхность которого имеет каталитический слой, ускоряющий протекание плазмохимических реакций в газе, при этом газоразрядный узел представляет собой газоразрядную пару из размещенных в высокопористом ячеистом материале двух или более сборок изолированных диэлектрическим покрытием электродов, подсоединенные к источнику питания. Особенность размещения электродов в корпусе реактора нашла отражение в пункте 2 формулы изобретения, а именно сборки изолированных диэлектрическим покрытием электродов, расположены в высокопористом ячеистом материале вдоль или поперек направлению потока газа. Вышеперечисленная совокупность признаков позволяет получить следующий технический результат - упрощение конструкции и повышение производительности реактора.The objective of the invention is to create a simple in design, compact plasma-chemical reactor generating a plasma discharge in high-performance gases, which allows plasma-chemical processing of gases and vapors at high speeds and loads. The problem is solved using the signs specified in the 1st claim of the invention, in common with the prototype, such as a plasma-chemical reactor for generating a plasma discharge in gases, comprising a housing having inlet and outlet channels, a gas discharge unit located in it, and a catalytic unit of highly porous cellular materials (BPNM), and distinctive, essential features such as a porous cellular material filled the entire cross section of the plasma-chemical reactor, the entire surface of which has a catalytic layer, accelerating The flow of plasma-chemical reactions in the gas, while the gas discharge unit is a gas discharge pair of two or more dielectric-insulated electrode assemblies placed in a highly porous cellular material and connected to a power source. The feature of placing the electrodes in the reactor vessel is reflected in paragraph 2 of the claims, namely the assembly of dielectric-insulated electrodes are located in highly porous cellular material along or across the direction of gas flow. The above set of features allows you to get the following technical result - simplifying the design and improving the performance of the reactor.
Все узлы плазмохимического реактора, собраны в компактный корпус с охлаждаемой или нагреваемой поверхностью и рассчитанной внутренней компоновкой, обеспечивающей максимально эффективную работу; в качестве катализатора применен газопроницаемый высокопористый ячеистый материал с каталитическим покрытием, обеспечивающий турбулизацию потока газа в месте генерации плазмы, и быстрый отвод генерируемого продуктов реакции; газоразрядную пару в высокопористом ячеистом материале образуют размещенные в нем дае сборки изолированных диэлектрическим покрытием электродов, подсоединенные к источнику питания, что облегчило и упростило конструкцию плазмохимического реактора, позволив отказаться от трудоемкой электроизоляции высокопористого ячеистого материала в корпусе реактора и высокую эффективность теплопередачи между каталитической секцией и корпусом реактора.All nodes of the plasma-chemical reactor are assembled in a compact case with a cooled or heated surface and a calculated internal layout that ensures the most efficient operation; as a catalyst, gas permeable highly porous cellular material with a catalytic coating was used, providing turbulization of the gas flow at the plasma generation site, and rapid removal of the generated reaction products; gas-discharge pair in highly porous cellular material is formed by assemblies of dielectric-coated electrodes placed in it, connected to a power source, which facilitated and simplified the design of the plasma-chemical reactor, eliminating the time-consuming electrical insulation of highly porous cellular material in the reactor vessel and high efficiency of heat transfer between catalytic section and catalytic section. reactor.
Указанные выше отличительные признаки каждый в отдельности и все совместно направлены на решение поставленной задачи и являются существенными. Использование предлагаемого сочетания существенных признаков в известном уровне техники не обнаружено, следовательно, предлагаемое техническое решение соответствует критерию патентоспособности «нoвизнa». Единая совокупность новых существенных признаков с общими, известными, обеспечивает решение поставленной задачи, является не очевидной для специалистов в данной области техники и свидетельствует о соответствии заявленного технического решения критерию патентоспособности «изoбpeтaтeльcкий ypoвeнь». Краткое описание чертежейThe above distinctive features, individually and all together, are aimed at solving the problem and are essential. The use of the proposed combination of essential features in the prior art is not found, therefore, the proposed technical solution meets the patentability criterion "novelty". A single set of new essential features with common, well-known, provides a solution to the task, is not obvious to specialists in this field of technology and indicates the compliance of the stated technical solution to the patentability criterion of "inventive". Brief Description of the Drawings
Изобретение поясняется описанием конкретного, но не ограничивающего его примера реализации. На фиг.l дан разрез плазмохимического реактора с расположением электродов вдоль потока газов; на фиг.2 -. дан разрез плазмохимического реактора с расположением электродов поперек потока газов; на фиг.З - увеличенная зона контакта BIMM с диэлектрическим покрытием электрода.The invention is illustrated by the description of a specific, but not limiting example of implementation. On fig.1 given a section of a plasma-chemical reactor with the location of the electrodes along the gas flow; figure 2 -. a section of a plasma-chemical reactor with an arrangement of electrodes across a stream of gases is given; FIG. 3 shows an enlarged zone of contact of the BIMM with a dielectric coating of the electrode.
Лучший вариант выполнения изобретения Плазмохимический реактор состоит из металлического корпуса 1 ; входного окна 2 и выходного окна 3, в котором расположен каталитический блок 4 и помещенные в нем две или более сборки изолированных диэлектрическим покрытием 5 электродов 6 и 7, подсоединенные к источнику питaния(нa чертеже не показан). Сборки изолированных диэлектрическим покрытием электродов 6,7 могут быть расположены в высокопористом ячеистом материале вдoль(фиг.l) или пoпepeк(фиг.2) направлению потока газа. Высопористым ячеистым материалом заполнено все сечение плазмохимического реактора, вся поверхность которого имеет каталитический слой 8 (например, оксиды металлов, наночастицы металлов и др.), ускоряющий протекание плазмохимических реакций в гaзe.(фиг.З)The best embodiment of the invention Plasma-chemical reactor consists of a metal body 1; an input window 2 and an output window 3 in which the catalytic unit 4 is located and two or more assemblies of insulated dielectric coated 5 electrodes 6 and 7 connected to a power source (not shown in the drawing) are placed in it. Assemblies of dielectric-insulated electrodes 6, 7 can be located in a highly porous cellular material along the length (Fig. 1) or across (Fig. 2) the direction of gas flow. The porous cellular material filled the entire cross section of the plasma-chemical reactor, the entire surface of which has a catalytic layer 8 (for example, metal oxides, metal nanoparticles, etc.), which accelerates the flow of plasma-chemical reactions in the gas. (Fig.Z)
Устройство работает следующим образом. Подаваемый в корпус 1 плазмохимического реактора газThe device works as follows. The gas supplied to the housing 1 plasma-chemical reactor
(фиг.1,2) проникая через высокопористый ячеистый материал 4 попадает в зону поверхностного разряда 9 между диэлектрическим покрытием 5 электродов 6,7 и каталитическим слоем 8 на поверхности высокопористого ячеистого материала 4.(фиг.3) Длина каналов разряда ограничена расстоянием между ячейками ВПЯМ и с ростом напряжения растет число микроразрядов 9. Тем самым растет их плотность и появляется возможность более эффективно использовать поверхность, вкладывая больше энергии в площадь разряда. Газовый поток, попадая в газопроницаемый ВПЯМ 4 турбулизуется, взаимодействуя с хаотической сетчато-ячеистой структурой материала.penetrating through highly porous cellular material 4 enters the zone of surface discharge 9 between the dielectric coating 5 of electrodes 6.7 and the catalytic layer 8 on the surface of highly porous cellular material 4. (FIG. 3) The length of the discharge channels is limited by the distance between cells The HPVM also increases the number of microdischarges 9 as the voltage rises. Thus, their density increases and it becomes possible to more effectively use the surface, putting more energy into the discharge area. The gas stream, getting into the gas-permeable HPVM 4, is turbulized, interacting with the chaotic net-cellular structure of the material.
Начавшиеся в газовой смеси в зоне плазменного разряда 9 реакции ускоряются на высокоразвитой поверхности ВПЯМ, с каталитическим покрытием 8, при этом за счет контакта корпуса 1 реактора с ВПЯМ 4 происходит подача или съем тепла в зоне реакции.Beginning in the gas mixture in the plasma discharge zone 9, the reactions are accelerated on the highly developed surface of the CPEM, with a catalytic coating 8, while due to the contact of the housing 1 Reactor with HPVM 4 is the supply or removal of heat in the reaction zone.
Промышленная применимостьIndustrial Applicability
Вышеприведенный конкретный пример свидетельствует о промышленной применимости предлагаемого технического решения.The above specific example demonstrates the industrial applicability of the proposed technical solution.
Наиболее успешно плазмохимический реактор, согласно изобретению применяется в химической промышленности и других областях, где требуется плазменная генерация разряда в газах и парах.The most successful plasma-chemical reactor according to the invention is used in the chemical industry and other areas where plasma generation of discharge in gases and vapors is required.
Вышеописанная конструкция плазмохимического реактора позволяет значительно упростить конструкцию и повысить производительность реактора.The above-described construction of the plasma-chemical reactor allows to significantly simplify the design and improve the performance of the reactor.
Из описания и практического применения настоящего изобретения специалистам будут очевидны и другие частные формы его выполнения. Данное описание и примеры рассматриваются как материал, иллюстрирующий изобретение, сущность которого и объем патентных притязаний определены в нижеследующей формуле изобретения, совокупностью существенных признаков и их эквивалентами. From the description and practical application of the present invention, other particular forms of its implementation will be apparent to those skilled in the art. This description and examples are considered as material illustrating the invention, the essence of which and the scope of patent claims are defined in the following claims, a set of essential features and their equivalents.

Claims

Формула изобретения Claim
1. Плазмохимический реактор для генерации плазменного разряда в газах, включающий корпус, имеющий входной и выходной каналы, размещенные в нем газоразрядный узел, и каталитический блок из высокопористых ячеистых материалов, отличающийся тем, что высопористым ячеистым материалом заполнено все сечение плазмохимического реактора, вся поверхность которого имеет каталитический слой, ускоряющий протекание плазмохимических реакций в газе, при этом газоразрядный узел представляет собой газоразрядную пару из размещенных в высокопористом ячеистом материале двух или более сборок изолированных диэлектрическим покрытием электродов, подсоединенные к источнику питания.1. Plasma-chemical reactor for generating a plasma discharge in gases, comprising a housing, having an inlet and outlet channels, a gas discharge unit located in it, and a catalytic unit of highly porous cellular materials, characterized in that the whole section of the plasma-chemical reactor is filled with a porous cellular material, the entire surface of which has a catalytic layer that accelerates the flow of plasma-chemical reactions in the gas, while the gas discharge unit is a gas discharge pair from those placed in a highly porous cell Source material of two or more dielectric insulated electrode assemblies connected to a power source.
2. Плазмохимический реактор по п.l, отличающийся тем, что сборки изолированных диэлектрическим покрытием электродов, расположены в высокопористом ячеистом материале вдоль или поперек направлению потока газа. 2. Plasma-chemical reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the assemblies of electrodes insulated with dielectric coating are located in highly porous cellular material along or across the direction of gas flow.
PCT/RU2008/000074 2007-10-31 2008-02-07 Plasmochemical reactor for generating a plasma discharge in gases WO2009058044A1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102773007A (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-14 魏飞 Organic gas plasma catalyzing device
CN106268302A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-01-04 四川环翔科技有限责任公司 Packed bed plasma-catalytic depurator
CN111617716A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-09-04 常州大学 Metal honeycomb type plasma discharge reactor

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JP2005113706A (en) * 2003-10-03 2005-04-28 Ngk Insulators Ltd Plasma generating electrode and plasma reactor
JP2005285367A (en) * 2004-03-26 2005-10-13 Canon Inc Plasma generator
US20070140932A1 (en) * 2005-12-17 2007-06-21 Airinspace Limited Air purification device

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JP2005113706A (en) * 2003-10-03 2005-04-28 Ngk Insulators Ltd Plasma generating electrode and plasma reactor
JP2005285367A (en) * 2004-03-26 2005-10-13 Canon Inc Plasma generator
US20070140932A1 (en) * 2005-12-17 2007-06-21 Airinspace Limited Air purification device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102773007A (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-14 魏飞 Organic gas plasma catalyzing device
CN106268302A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-01-04 四川环翔科技有限责任公司 Packed bed plasma-catalytic depurator
CN111617716A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-09-04 常州大学 Metal honeycomb type plasma discharge reactor

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