WO2009046638A1 - Dispositif de direction d'une bicyclette entraînée par poussée et traction - Google Patents

Dispositif de direction d'une bicyclette entraînée par poussée et traction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009046638A1
WO2009046638A1 PCT/CN2008/001707 CN2008001707W WO2009046638A1 WO 2009046638 A1 WO2009046638 A1 WO 2009046638A1 CN 2008001707 W CN2008001707 W CN 2008001707W WO 2009046638 A1 WO2009046638 A1 WO 2009046638A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
push
pull
swing arm
universal joint
steering
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/001707
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2009046638A8 (fr
Inventor
Rocky Jenlon Lee
Original Assignee
Ni, Lilin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ni, Lilin filed Critical Ni, Lilin
Priority to EP08836894A priority Critical patent/EP2199197A4/en
Publication of WO2009046638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009046638A1/zh
Publication of WO2009046638A8 publication Critical patent/WO2009046638A8/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K3/00—Bicycles
    • B62K3/005—Recumbent-type bicycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K21/00—Steering devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/14—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles operated exclusively by hand power
    • B62M1/16—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles operated exclusively by hand power by means of a to-and-fro movable handlebar

Definitions

  • the steering device of the push-pull drive vehicle of the present invention relates to a vehicle using a push-pull drive including a single push, a single pull or both, using hands, feet or weight to generate power.
  • a lever push-pull lever handle is used to swing forward and backward to move the car forward, while the left and right rotation of the handle controls the steering of the front wheel, such as a general bicycle steering mode. Background technique
  • the handle is to be pushed and pulled to advance the car, and at the same time to turn left and right and to keep the center of gravity of the user, it is difficult, because the angle of the push-pull rod changes during each push-pull action, and the handle is The angle of each point is also changed when the push-pull rod is turned, and it must be able to independently interfere with each other. For example, the helicopter blade must rotate while changing the angle of the blade, and its structure has certain difficulty.
  • the steering device of the push-pull drive vehicle of the present invention aims to provide a vehicle that can be controlled by the push and pull of the hands and feet while being capable of steering.
  • the push-pull device consists of: a handle, a push-pull rod, a rotating shaft, a universal joint, a universal joint bearing and a swing arm to achieve the above functions.
  • the swing arm is firmly supported on the frame and separated from the steering, so it can withstand the power generated by the heavy body weight.
  • the user can slowly apply force with the weight, and can slide for a long distance.
  • the movement is elegant and easy to use. Easy to operate.
  • Fig. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention applied to a bicycle.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the mechanism of the universal joint of the present invention in a universal joint bearing.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the mechanism of the universal joint of the present invention above the universal joint bearing.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the transmission of the reversing device of the inner and outer rings of the sprocket.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the reversing device of each of the two gears driving the one-way wheel.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the transmission device of the bicycle embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a transmission device of an embodiment of the bicycle of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a front view showing the steering and driving front of the bicycle of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the embodiment of the bicycle front wheel steering and driving according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of the application of the push-pull device plus the rocking device of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a side elevational view of the parallel rod and double universal joint of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a front view of the parallel rod and double universal joint of the present invention.
  • the push-pull drive vehicle 60 is a human-powered vehicle that uses a handle to push and/or pull to drive the vehicle forward.
  • the present invention enables the above-described vehicle to be steered as a general bicycle.
  • the push-pull drive vehicle 60 includes a bottom plate or frame 5; a front wheel assembly 61 having a known steering mechanism 61a at the front end; a rear wheel assembly 63 having a one-way mechanism 7 at the rear end;
  • the push-pull device 65 of the handle 14 has a fulcrum on the frame 5 and a push-pull output 67.
  • the handle 14 is also connected to the aforementioned steering mechanism 61a via the steering output 66.
  • the aforementioned push-pull output 67 is connected to the push-pull output 67 by a connecting mechanism 62.
  • the frame 5 supports all of the aforementioned assemblies and allows the user to stand or sit down and push the handle 14. It includes various types of frames or bottom plates, such as bicycles, scooters, four-wheel drive vehicles, and handicapped vehicles, etc., hereinafter collectively referred to as the frame 5.
  • the one-way mechanism 7 separates the rear wheels from sliding and can be replaced with a rail-changing transmission 63a (derailer) to achieve an appropriate vehicle speed.
  • the steering mechanism 61a is connected to operate the front wheel steering. If it is a single steering wheel, it is a bicycle steering mechanism; if it is a double steering wheel, it is a steering mechanism such as a four-wheeled vehicle; the connecting mechanism 62 outputs power from the push-pull output 67 to the rear wheel, which can be a chain, a gear, a belt, Pull rods, batteries, motors, etc., because of the small push-pull range, may include a speed increasing device 25, which is composed of a large and a small gear set, which is continuously connected in series by a large gear to drive another set of pinions to achieve a suitable speed; Moreover, a reversing mechanism 64 may be included, and the pulling stroke is returned when the thrust is applied, and vice versa, so that the pushing and pulling is effective; and a locking device may be included, and any member of the connecting mechanism is locked to the frame 5, When the handle is fixed and has a pedal of a general bicycle, it can be restored to
  • the steering device of the push-pull drive vehicle of the present invention is directed to the steering mechanism and the push-pull device 65 for driving the vehicle forward, and the application mechanism thereof, and the description thereof is as follows:
  • the push-pull device 65 includes: a handle 14 disposed at the upper end of the push-pull rod 1 A rotating shaft 10, a universal joint 10 in the steering direction, a universal joint bearing 12 and a swing arm lb, a steering output 66, and a push-pull output 67 for driving the vehicle.
  • the lower end of the push-pull rod 1 passes through the rotating shaft la and is held by the rotating shaft la, and further connects or forms one end or upper half of the universal joint 10, (the latter and the following holdings include: tight fitting, loose fitting or The other end or the lower half of the universal joint is connected to the steering output 66 to drive the steering mechanism 61a of the vehicle, and is held by the universal joint bearing 12 fixed to the frame 5. It is attached to the frame 5.
  • the rotating shaft la is fixed on the swing arm lb; the swing arm lb is pivotally supported on the frame 5 and drives the vehicle to advance.
  • the swing arm lb pivot center line passes or is concentric with the drive center point in the universal joint; therefore, the handle 14 uses the swing arm pivot 28 as the force arm fulcrum to perform the push-pull force on the swing arm lb.
  • Push and pull 3 ⁇ 4 out 67 such as gears, sprocket, and tie rods to drive the vehicle; and rotate left and right with the shaft la on the swing arm lb, and the steering output 66 of the universal joint such as gears, sprocket, steering arm, etc.
  • the steering mechanism 61a linked to the aforementioned frame is directly connected to the direct steering of the steering mechanism 61a such as the steering fork of the bicycle or the like.
  • the handle 14 can be any shape and size for the user to push and pull and turn; the push rod 1 is a long rod, of any shape and length, or if the luggage has a telescopic function, to adjust the torque, the steering output 66 can be As shown in Fig. 1, the gear 11 on the inner circumference of the universal joint bearing 12, or the steering output 66 shown in Fig. 3 is a ball head la la that pulls the steering arm.
  • the universal joint 10 can be pivotally coupled to the gimbal bearing 12 above the gimbal bearing 12 (as shown in FIG. 3) or within the gimbal bearing 12 and the cross of the cross in it. On the inner wall (as shown in Figure 2).
  • the universal joint 10 is connected by a joint for two shafts, can be rotated by one shaft, and is driven to another shaft of different angles, each of which has a bearing holding, the rotating shaft la is one of them, and the universal joint bearing 12 is It is another, if the universal joint bearing 12 is a bicycle, it is the front wheel shaft.
  • the above-mentioned joints are not limited to the cross shape, but may be squares, spherical belt ends, transmission springs, CV joints, etc., and any device allows the two shafts to be driven at different angles.
  • the steering output 66 can be a front fork (such as shown in FIG.
  • a front wheel steering mechanism 61a can be driven by a ball joint, a steering arm, a gear, a sprocket chain, or the like.
  • the shaft la includes a bearing set or a bushing to support the push-pull rod rotation and push-pull action, the outer portion of which is fixed to the upper end of the swing arm lb, and finally supported by the frame 5 via the swing arm pivot 28.
  • the swing arm lb can be of any shape and length, generally parallel to the push-pull rod 1, and the upper end.
  • the swing arm lb has a rotating shaft la, providing space to the universal joint 10 in the middle, and having a pivot '28 supported by the frame, which can be a frame a fixed tip, and the swing arm lb has a bearing rotating on the fixed tip, or a fixed tip on the swing arm, and the bearing on the frame rotates; the pivot 28 is parallel to the rear and the axle so that it can only sway forward and backward
  • the swing arm lb is bent at 90 degrees on both sides and the sides are pivoted, and the middle can be the joint space, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the swing arm lb is combined with the rotating shaft la, the push-pull rod 1 and the handle 14 to form a solid body capable of withstanding a large torque, and can avoid the huge pushing and pulling force of the universal joint; in addition, the center line of the two pivot shafts 28 of the swing arm must pass through 10,000
  • the transmission center point of the joint is the common fixed point of the two-axis rotary transmission, and is also the angle connecting point of the center lines of the two axes, if it is the midpoint of each part of the cross in ten bytes;
  • the universal joint shown in 2 is inside the universal joint bearing, and its transmission center point is a ten-byte center point; in addition, the pivot center line of the swing arm pivot point on the frame, if it is different from the transmission in the universal joint
  • a sliding device is provided between the push-pull rod 1 and the swing arm lb to compensate for the displacement generated between the two different arcs, or a telescopic push-pull rod as the sliding device.
  • the swing arm lb includes a push-pull output 67 to drive the coupling mechanism 62, which may be a rotating object such as a one-way wheel, a gear, a sprocket, etc., hereinafter collectively referred to as an output wheel 22, which may be located in the middle portion of the rocking arm ( Not shown) either unilaterally or on both sides; or at the bottom for tensile objects such as:
  • the ball head, the connecting rod, the chain and the like drive the transmission device 62; as shown in Fig. 3, the push-pull output 67 is two different longitudinal sprocket wheels 22a, and the push-pull output 67 shown in Fig. 2 is the lower end of the rocking arm. Pull the ball head 4.
  • any part of the swing arm can be extended into an integral step lbb for applying force with the foot as shown in FIG. 9, or the stepper lbb shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, and the extension arm lbx is driven by the swing arm gear.
  • a ring block 22c on the upper side and can be rotated to the upper side by a spring tip (not shown) fixed in parallel with the push-pull rod 1 for collection; or the extension arm lbx can be manually driven by a tip or a screw (not shown)
  • the output wheel 22 is connected or separated, so that it can be placed at the lowest position when the plate lbb is not used; or the extension arm is folded in a hinge manner, and the tread plate lbb is stored in the front upper portion.
  • the vehicle If the vehicle is driven forward, it must be returned when it is pushed. Therefore, only one power can be applied in the push-pull cycle. If both of them are powered, the aforementioned reversing mechanism 64 must be used to drive both positive and negative.
  • Two unidirectional devices are formed in the same direction, that is, two unidirectional devices, and one of them changes the direction of rotation, and then the two outputs the same output, so that they will return to each other in the driving; there are many ways to change the steering. The most common one can be transferred to each unidirectional device after pulling or pushing, and the return spring is used to return each.
  • the invention can also adopt the following two special arrangements: as shown in Fig.
  • the chain 6 which is driven by the swing arm to move back and forth, drives the one-way device 7 on one side of the rear wheel, and drives one side of the distribution shaft 80 in an outer ring manner.
  • the sprocket 80a causes the reversed, reversed distribution shaft 80 and the other side sprocket 80b to drive the unidirectional device 7a on the other side of the rear wheel, so that both will advance the rear wheel; the idler 80a only enhances the occlusion;
  • two occluded gears 81, 83 are used, each of which drives a unidirectional sprocket 82, 84, and a chain surrounds the unidirectional sprocket 82, 84 to drive the sprocket 86.
  • the idlers 85a, 85b are only Guide effect; when 81 or 83 rotates in any direction, one of the one-way sprockets 82 or 84 will drive 86 in one direction; this method is simple, compact and very suitable for use in general bicycle shift transmission device 63a (deraile r
  • the two bearing plates 5b are used to support all the spindle bearings of the two swing arm pivots 28, the speed increasing device 25 and the reversing mechanism 64;
  • the two connecting plates 5a are the frame 5 Part of the swing arm
  • the bearing space of the wheel 22 is connected to the frame 5 below the output wheel 22, and the bearing plate 5b can be connected to the connecting plate 5a in a single piece; or in a detachable manner, such as a tip, a screw, etc., fastened to the connecting plate 5a for disassembly;
  • the bearing 5c is reinforced (or screwed) to the frame 5 by the other end of the bearing plate 5b by its mandrel, and
  • FIG. 1 shows an application example of a bicycle or scooter.
  • the frame 5 is H-shaped, and the swing arm output wheel 22 is fixed on both sides of the swing arm.
  • both sides drive the same direction unidirectional wheel 24 and its spindle, and the spindle has a long key and drives a
  • the input gear 25a which is axially moved and positioned, is selected by a positioning device (not shown) by an appropriate gear ratio of the aforementioned speed increasing device 25, and then the chain 27 is driven to drive the rear wheel 8 by 25b.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for an electric bicycle because it does not require a step-and-fork pedal method; and the handle can be used to control the left and right steering, and the swinging arm lb can be used to connect the speed increasing device 25 at any time and at any time.
  • the mechanism 64 and the one-way device 7 or the rail-changing transmission device 63a drive the generator to be charged, and the front and rear wheels of the vehicle are driven to move forward and backward by the battery and the controller motor or the axle with the motor, so that the operation and use are performed.
  • the hardware arrangement is more flexible, and is not subject to the difficulty of power limitation; its generator, charging control, battery type, controller, motor and other parts cannot be clarified by diversity.
  • the transmission can also be driven by the front wheel.
  • a driven helical gear 71 driven by a rocking arm and whose mandrel is on the frame, via a free-spiral gear 72 with the steering shaft as the mandrel and freely rotatable, with a mandrel
  • the steering shaft supports and surrounds the helical gear 73 of the front wheel.
  • the push-pull rod 1 is supported by the swing arm lb and connected to the front wheel 3 via the universal joint 10.
  • the swing arm lb drives the speed increasing device 25, and finally passes to the driven helical gear.
  • the wheel 71 is connected to an idling free bevel gear 72, and the power is turned to the bevel gear 73, and after the reversing mechanism 64 is passed through 73, the front wheel is pushed and pulled; if the handle is turning,
  • the 73 mandrel is connected to the front wheel steering shaft, and the helical gear 73 surrounds the existing speed of the helical gear 72.
  • the angle of rotation of the front wheel fork is increased or decreased, and the number of revolutions caused by the amount of change is extremely small. Does not affect the use. Due to the limited hand force, the present invention can also add a rocking device 68, which uses the weight to help the instantaneous acceleration and the high speed maintaining speed as the bicycle stands up. As shown in Fig.
  • the rocking device 68 is formed by a stepping plate 93 (which is formed in pairs for balance), which is connected to a stepping arm 94 as a force arm, and the stepping arm 94 and the frame are pivoted 90.
  • the movable seat 91 is connected to a seat arm 92 as a force arm, and the seat arm 92 is connected to the aforementioned pivot 90 to form an angle, and the angle between them can be between 90 degrees and 180 degrees.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and forms a seesaw effect with each other; the pivot 90 has a sprocket 90a, and finally a gearless gear 97 is driven by the chain 95; when the moving seat 91 is at the lowest point or the highest point, the occlusal gear 97 is directly engaged with the occlusal portion The missing tooth portion is separated from the swing arm output wheel 22, so that the user can return to the general fixed seat; the spring 92a is used for damping and disengaging the edentulous region.
  • the output of the swinging device 68 cooperates with the swinging arm output wheel 22 of the push-pull device 65.
  • the pedal 93 automatically descends, and when the handle 14 is pushed, the movable seat 91 descends; thus, the pull-on plate 93 is "pulled- Station” and do 91 "push-sit” in the mobile seat and use push, pull and weight to drive the vehicle forward.
  • the step plate 93 of the rocking device 68 can be replaced by the extension arm step plate lbb of the swing arm 65 of the push-pull device 65.
  • the CV joint can maintain the steering angle of the handle with the front wheel at any swing angle, the cost is extremely high compared to the cross joint.
  • the present invention can also use two ten bytes to offset the self-equal speed. And achieve the effect of the constant velocity joint.
  • the swing arm lb is composed of a movable swing block lbl and a fixed block lb2 fixed to the frame, and a pair of two parallel bars (a pair of lb3, lb4 Four) upper and lower ends of the tips lb5, lb6, lb7, lb8 (--total of 8) are pivotally connected; at the center of the swinging block lb1, the rotating shaft la holds the upper joint 10a, and the center of the fixed block lb2 , with a universal joint bearing 12 to hold the lower universal joint 10b; between the two universal joints 10a, 10b A connecting shaft 10c is connected at both ends by the same direction fork, and a pair of two pivot tips lb5, lb6 (four in total) on the swinging block 1M are flush with the transmission center point of the universal joint 10a, and the fixing block lb2
  • the pair of two pivot tips lb7, lb8 (-total of 4) are in the same
  • the swing block lb1 will be parallel with the fixed block lb2 of the swing arm, so that the front wheel angle will be exactly equal to the handle rotation angle at any angle; when pushing and pulling, the push-pull rod 1 maintains a fixed angle to push the shaft la and move the tip 1M Swinging back and forth centering on the tips lb7, lb8, because the fixed block lb2 is fixed or integrated into the frame 5, causing the parallel bars lb3, lb4, and the connecting shaft 10b to oscillate at the same angle; and the bottom pivot of the parallel bar lb3 is the mandrel A swing arm output wheel 22 is connected or fixed to the parallel rod lb3 to drive the vehicle forward.
  • the invention can also be applied to a multi-person longitudinal mount bicycle, the first rider push-pull rod 1 plus the control direction, the other push-pull rods do not need the shaft la and the universal joint 10, and all the swing arms are unidirectionally output by chain wheel.
  • the above is a detailed description of the present invention, and the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiment of the structure related to the present invention can be used without departing from the gist of the present invention. Various equivalent alteration embodiments within the scope are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Description

推拉驱动车的转向装置 技术领域
本发明推拉驱动车的转向装置是关于一种使用推拉驱动的车类， 推拉驱动包括单推、 单拉或两者， 使用手、 脚或体重来产生动力。 使 用一具有杠杆作用的推拉杆把手， 前后摆动来使车前进移动， 同时以 把手的左右旋转来控制前轮转向， 如一般自行车转向方式。 背景技术
美国专利 6764089、 7195264和 Rowbike在 www.rowbike.com上 有一划式双轮车， 其仅使用拉力驱动车辆， 并用两条缆线互拉前轮转 向机构来控制转向。缆线一般皆会有弹性， 因而不能有如自行车般结 实的转向感觉， 尤其在慢到快停时的速度尤为明显， 另外， 缆线会自 然松驰， 必须麻烦的经常调整以策安全。 本发明提供一扎实、 快速反 应、 不须调整的转向如一般自行车并能使用推力及拉力。 发明内容
一、 所欲解决的问题点：
因把手一方面要做推拉动作来使车前进，同时又要左右转向且又 要能使用者保持重心， 其有一定难度， 因推拉杆在推拉动作时其每点 角度都在变化， 而把手在推拉杆上其转向时每点角度也都在变化， 必 须能独立互不干扰， 有如直升机叶板须旋转又同时须改变叶板角度， 其结构上有一定的困难度。
二、 本发明的技术手段：
本发明推拉驱动车的转向装置， 目的在提供一种以手脚推拉为动 力， 同时能操控转向的交通工具。 推拉装置由： 一把手、 一推拉杆、 一转轴、 一万向节、 一万向节轴承和一摇摆臂以达上述功能。
三、 对照先前技术之功效：
1.使用万向节可使机构简化， 不须调整， 传动动作确实， 减少转 向间隙感， 使转向操控确实灵敏。
确认本 2.摇摆臂结实支撑于车架上与转向分开，因而可承受重大的体重 力产生的动力， 让使用者配合体重慢慢施力， 即可滑 一段很长的距 离， 其动作优雅， 使用轻松， 操控方便。 附图说明
图 1本发明在自行车上应用实施形态图。
图 2本发明其万向节在万向节轴承之内的机构示意图。
图 3本发明其万向节在万向节轴承之上的机构示意图。
图 4以链轮内圈及外圈的换向装置的传动装置示意图。
图 5两齿轮各带动其单向轮的换向装置传动示意图。
图 6本发明自行车实施形态的传动装置上示示意图。
图 7本发明自行车实施形态的传动装置示意图。
图 8本发明自行车前轮转向兼驱动前视示意图。
图 9本发明自行车前轮转向兼驱动实施形态示意图。
图 10本发明应用推拉装置加上摇摆装置示意图。
图 11本发明应用平行杆及双万向节侧视示意图。
图 12本发明应用平行杆及双万向节前视示意图。
图中： 1推拉杆， la转轴， lb摇摆臂， lbb踩板， lbx延长臂， lbl摆 动块， lb2固定块， lb3 lb4平行杆， lb5 lb6 lb7 lb8梢， 3前轮， 4拉杆 球头， 5车架， 5a连接板， 5b轴承板， 5c轴承, 6拉物, 7单向装置， 8后轮, 9回力弹簧， 10万向节， 10a上万向节， 10b下万向节， 10c连接轴， 11转 向输出齿轮， 11a球头， 12转向轴承， 14把手, 22输出轮 , 22a单向链轮, 22c环块， 24单向轮, 25增速装置, 25a输入轮， 25b输出轮 , 26座位， 27 链条， 27a惰轮， 28枢轴， 52前轮叉， 60推拉驱动车， 61前轮总成， 61a 已知转向机构， 62连接机构， 63后轮总成， 63a换轨变速器装置， 64换 向机构， 65推拉装置， 66转向输出， 67推拉输出， 68摇摆装置, 71带动 斜齿轮， 72自由斜惰轮， 73环绕斜齿轮， 80分配轴， 80a 80b链轮， 80c 惰轮， 81 83齿轮， 82 84单向链轮， 85链条， 85a 85b惰轮， 86被动链轮, 90轴， 91移动座， 92座力臂， 92a弹簧, 93踩板， 94踩力臂， 95链条， 96 惰轮, 97缺齿齿轮。 具体实施方式
推拉驱动车 60是人力动力车， 用把手作推、及 (或)拉力来驱动车 辆前进。本发明使上述车辆能转向操控如一般的自行车。如图 1所示， 推拉驱动车 60包含有一底板或车架 5 ; 前端具有已知转向机构 61a 的前轮总成 61 ; 后端具有一单向机构 7的后轮总成 63 ; —上端有把 手 14的推拉装置 65， 具有支点于车架 5上及一推拉输出 67， 其把手 14经转向输出 66还连接到前述的转向机构 61a; 藉由一连接机构 62 将前述的推拉输出 67连接到前述的后轮总成 63 ; 其推拉装置 65底 端以球头 4和拉物 6来带动后轮轴的单向装置 7， 以回力弹簧 9使回 位。 车架 5支撑前述所有总成，并让使用者站立或坐下来推拉把手 14。 其包括各形式车架或底板， 如自行车、 滑板车、 四轮驱动车和残障车 等等， 此后统称车架 5。 单向机构 7分离后轮滑行， 并可用换轨变速器装置 63a (derailer) 代替， 使能达到适当车速。 已知转向机构 61a连接操控前轮转向。 如为单转向轮则是自行车 转向机构； 如为双转向轮则是一般如四轮车方式的转向机构； 连接机构 62将动力从推拉输出 67输出到后轮，可为链条、齿轮、 皮带、 拉杆、 电瓶及马达等， 因推拉幅度很小， 其可包含增速装置 25，其由一大一小的齿轮组， 连续串接多次由一大齿轮带动另组小齿 轮以达合适速度； 并且可包含一换向机构 64， 在施推力时令拉行程 回位， 反之亦同， 使推拉均有效； 亦可包含一固锁装置， 将连接机构 中任一构件固锁于车架 5上， 使把手固定， 并具有一般自行车的踏板 的话， 因换向机构使分离， 亦可恢复成一般自行车使用。 其中， 本发明推拉驱动车的转向装置， 致力于操控转向机构及驱 动车辆前进的推拉装置 65， 及其应用机构， 其叙述如下： 推拉装置 65包含有： 设置在一推拉杆 1上端的把手 14、 一转轴 la、 一操控方向的万向节 10、 一万向节轴承 12和一摇摆臂 lb、 一转 向输出 66、 和一用来带动车辆的推拉输出 67。 其中， 推拉杆 1下端 通过转轴 la并由转轴 la把持 (hold)后， 进一步连接或形成万向节 10 的一端或上半部， （其中及以後所述把持含括： 紧配、 松配或以键带 动的滑配)； 而该万向节另一端或下半部则连于转向输出 66而带动该 车的转向机构 61a， 并由固定在车架 5上的万向节轴承 12所把持而 连于车架 5上 。 同时， 转轴 la则固定于摇摆臂 lb上； 摇摆臂 lb其 枢轴受支撑于在车架 5上， 且带动车辆前进。 另外， 摇摆臂 lb枢轴 中心线， 通过或同心于万向节内的传动中心点； 因此， 把手 14以摇 摆臂枢轴 28为力臂支点， 做前后推拉施力， 经摇摆臂 lb上的推拉¾ 出 67如齿轮、 链轮、 及拉杆等带动车辆； 并以摇摆臂 lb上的转轴 la做左右旋转， 并由万向节的转向输出 66如齿轮、 链轮、 转向臂等 装置， 间接连动于前述车架上的转向机构 61a， 或直接连于转向机构 61a如自行车的转向叉等的直接转向。 把手 14可为任意形状及大小， 供使用者能作推拉及转向； 推拉 杆 1是一长杆， 为任意形状及长度， 或如行李箱的具伸缩功能， 以调 变力矩， 转向输出 66可如图 1所示为在万向节轴承 12内圈上的齿轮 11， 或如图 3所示转向输出 66为拉动转向臂的一球头 l la。另外，万向节 10可在万向节轴承 12之上 (如图 3所示)，或在万向节轴承 12之内且 十字其中的一直线对以枢轴方式连在万向节轴承 12内壁上 (如图 2所 示)。 万向节 10为两轴用一接头连接， 能由一轴转动， 传动到不同角 度的另一轴， 其各轴皆有轴承把持， 转轴 la是其一， 及所述万向节 轴承 12即是另一个，万向节轴承 12若以自行车为例其就是前轮转轴 轴承； 前述的接头， 并非限定为十字形态， 亦可为方块、 球形带梢、 传动弹簧、等速万向节 (CV joint)等等，及任何装置允许两轴以不同角 度的连接带动， 此后统称为万向节 10。 转向输出 66可为直接带动如自行车的前轮叉 (如图 1所示)，或间 接的用球接头、 转向臂、 齿轮、 链轮链条等带动前轮转向机构 61a。 转轴 la含有轴承组或套轴 (bushing)来支撑推拉杆旋转动作和推 拉动作， 其外部固定于摇摆臂 lb上端， 而最后经摇摆臂枢轴 28由车 架 5所支撑。 摇摆臂 lb可为任意形状及长度， 一般与推拉杆 1平行， 而上端. 具有转轴 la， 中间提供空间给万向节 10， 并具有由车架支撑的枢轴' 28, 其可为车架上的一固定梢， 而摇摆臂 lb具有轴承在固定梢上旋 转， 或以摇摆臂上的固定梢， 于车架上的轴承旋转； 其枢轴 28与后 、 轮轴平行使仅能前后方向摇摆；为平衡之故摇摆臂 lb两边弯成 90度 且各边具枢轴的方式呈现， 而中间可为万向节空间， 如图 1所示。 摇 摆臂 lb结合转轴 la、 推拉杆 1和把手 14形成可承受巨扭力的一坚 固体， 且能避免万向节承受巨大的推拉之力； 此外、 摇摆臂的两枢轴 28 中心线须通过万向节的传动中心点， 其为两轴旋转传动时的共同 固定点， 亦为两轴各中心线的夹角连接点，假如在十字节而言其为十 字形各部的中点； 如图 2所示万向节在万向节轴承之内， 其传动中心 点为十字节中心点； 另外， 车架上摇摆臂支点枢轴中心线， 若不同心 于所述万向节内的传动中心点， 则推拉杆 1与摇摆臂 lb之间设有滑 动装置， 以便补偿两不同弧度之间产生的位移， 或由一伸缩式推拉杆 作为滑动装置。 摇摆臂 lb并包含推拉输出 67来带动所述的连接机构 62，其可为 旋转物类如： 单向轮， 齿轮、 链轮等， 此後统称输出轮 22， 其可位 于摇摆臂的中间部分 (未示） 或单边或两边； 或于底部为拉力物类如： 球头、 连杆、 链条等等来带动所述的传动装置 62; 如图 3所示推拉 输出 67为两个不同向的单向链轮 22a， 图 2所示推拉输出 67为摇摆 臂下端的拉力球头 4。 另外， 摇摆臂上的任一部位， 可延伸成为一体 的踩板 lbb以便用脚施力如图 9所示，或如图 6、图 7所示的踩板 lbb， 其延长臂 lbx带动位于摇摆臂齿轮上的一环块 22c， 并且可以回旋到 上方由一弹性梢 (未示)固定在与推拉杆 1平行位置以利收藏； 亦可手 动以梢或螺丝 (未示)， 将延长臂 lbx与带动输出轮 22连接或分离， 如此在不用踩板 lbb时， 其可放置在最低位置； 或以铰链方式摺起延 长臂， 将踩板 lbb收藏于前上方。 若拉时带动车辆前进时， 其推时必须使其回位， 因此推拉循环中 仅能一个有动力， 若要两者皆有动力则须前述的换向机构 64， 以一 正一反同时带动两同向的单向装置所构成， 即为两单向装置， 而其中 之一改变旋转方向后两者带动同一输出，因此而带动中会相互的使回 位； 有许多种方式可改变转向， 最普通在拉或推上可多加一转轮后才 传到各单向装置即可， 并用回力弹簧使各自回位。本发明更可采用特 别下列两安排方式： 如图 4所示， 由摇摆臂带动而来回运动的链条 6， 带动后轮一边 的单向装置 7， 其间又以外圈方式带动一分配轴 80的一边链轮 80a 而使反转， 反转的分配轴 80另一边链轮 80b带动后轮另一边的单向 装置 7a， 因此两者皆会使后轮前进； 惰轮 80a仅增强咬合性； 如图 5所示， 采用两咬合的齿轮 81、 83 , 其各带动一同向的单向 链轮 82、 84， 一链条围绕单向链轮 82、 84后带动链轮 86， 惰轮 85a、 85b仅为引导作用； 81或 83以任意方向旋转时， 其中一单向链轮 82 或 84会单向的带动 86; 这方式简洁、 紧凑且非常适合配合应用于一 般自行车换轨式变速器装置 63a (derailer) 如图 6、 7所示， 其图中， 两轴承板 5b 用来支撑两摇摆臂枢轴 28、 增速装置 25及换向机构 64 所有的心轴轴承； 两连接板 5a是车架 5的一部分， 为提供摇摆臂输 出轮 22的传动空间而在低于输出轮 22之下处将轴承板 5b连接于车 架 5上， 轴承板 5b连接方式可以为一体件于连接板 5a上； 或用可拆 卸的固定方式如梢、 螺丝等， 紧固于连接板 5a上以便拆卸； 轴承 5c 借其心轴将轴承板 5b的另一端加强固定 (或用螺丝锁)于车架 5上， 并联合所有心轴以增强结构；轴承板 5b亦可为一封闭墙或盒状结构， 其包含推拉装置 65、 增速装置 25、 换向机构 64及输出链条 85集为 一组件体， 可用可拆的固锁方式， 紧固于车架 5上， 并配合万向节传 动轴可与万向节轴承分离 (如自行车龙头心轴用螺丝锁斜块在转向管 轴内的方式)， 以方便制造、 装配、 维修或可改装自行车成为推拉车。 图 1所示为自行车或滑板车的应用例。车架 5为 H形， 摇摆臂输 出轮 22固定在摇摆臂两边， 一边反向之后 (未示） ， 两边各带动同向 单向轮 24及其心轴， 该心轴具有长键且带动一轴向移动定位的输入 齿轮 25a,经定位装置 (未示)来选择由前述增速装置 25其中的一适当、 变速齿比后， 再由 25b带动链条 27输出带动后轮 8。 另外， 本发明因无需一前一后的脚踏板方式， 尤其适合电动自行 车； 也可用把手控制左右转向的同时， 随时随地随意的用其推拉力经 摇摆臂 lb连接增速装置 25、 换向机构 64和单向装置 7或换轨变速 器装置 63a来带动发电机充电，并由电瓶及控制器马达或具马达的轮 轴来带动车辆前轮或後轮使能前进及后退，如此在操作使用上及硬体 安排上更具有灵活性， 且不受制于电力受限的困难； 其发电机、 充电 控制、 电瓶种类、 控制器、 马达等部份， 因多元性不能一一祥述。 另外本发明中在自行车或三轮车的应用上， 传动亦可由前轮带 动。使用三个斜齿轮： 一个由摇摆臂带动且其心轴在车架上的带动斜 齿轮 71， 经一个以转向轴为心轴， 且可自由转动的自由斜齿轮 72， 来带一个心轴由转向轴支撑且带动前轮的环绕斜齿轮 73所组成。 如 图 8、 图 9所示， 推拉杆 1由摇摆臂 lb支撑并经万向节 10连接前轮 3， 其摇摆臂 lb带动所述的增速装置 25， 最后传到所述的带动斜齿 轮 71， 其连接一空转的自由斜齿轮 72， 而动力转到环绕斜齿轮 73， 由 73经所述的换向机构 64后， 使前轮推及拉皆带动； 若把手在转向 时， 因 73心轴连在前轮转向轴上， 环绕斜齿轮 73以自由斜齿轮 72 既有之速度， 随前轮叉旋转角度多加或减少其转角度， 因变化量对摇 摆产生的转数极微， 不致影响使用。 因人手力有限， 本发明亦可加一摇摆装置 68， 使用体重来帮助瞬 间加速及高速保速如同自行车站起来踩的功效。 如图 10所示， 摇摆 装置 68由一踩板 93(为平衡之故以成对形成)， 其连接一做为力臂的 踩力臂 94， 其踩力臂 94与车架以枢轴 90方式连接； 一移动座 91其 连接一做为力臂的座力臂 92， 其座力臂 92连于前述的枢轴 90形成 一角度， 其间夹角可在 90度至 180度间为佳但不限于此， 并相互形 成一跷跷板效应；枢轴 90具有链轮 90a其用链条 95最後带动一缺齿 齿轮 97; 移动座 91在最低点或最高点区时， 缺齿齿轮 97咬合部 正对缺齿部分而与摇摆臂输出轮 22分离， 如此可使用者回复一般固 定座使用； 弹簧 92a为减震及脱离缺齿区之用。 摇摆装置 68输出配 合与推拉装置 65摇摆臂输出轮 22连动， 使把手 14拉时， 踩板 93自 动下降， 而把手 14推时， 移动座 91下降； 如此在踩板 93上做 "拉- 站"和在移动座做 91 "推 -坐"并用推、 拉和体重来带动所述车辆前 进。 另外， 摇摆装置 68的踩板 93可以用推拉装置 65摇摆臂的延长 臂踩板 lbb取代。 虽然等速接头 (CV joint) 可以在任何摇摆角度下保持把手与前轮 同转向角度， 但比起十字接头其成本极高， 本发明亦可使用两个十字 节来抵消个自不等速而达成等速接头的功效。 参考图 11、 12， 摇摆 臂 lb 由一活动的摆动块 lbl及一固定在车架上的固定块 lb2所组成， 其两者四角落之间由一对两平行杆 (一对 lb3、 lb4 共四个)上下两端 的梢 lb5、 lb6、 lb7、 lb8(—对共 8 个)以枢轴方式连接； 在摆动块 lbl的中心， 具有转轴 la把持上万向节 10a， 而固定块 lb2的中心， 具有万向节轴承 12来把持下万向节 10b; 两万向节 10a、 10b之间由 一连接轴 10c两端以同向叉连接，并且摆动块 1M上的一对两枢轴梢 lb5、 lb6(—对共 4个)与万向节 10a的传动中心点同平面， 而固定块 lb2上的一对两枢轴梢 lb7、 lb8(—对共 4个)与万向节 10b的传动中 心点同平面， 如此会保持连接轴 10c与平行杆 lb3、 lb4永远平行， 当推拉时摇摆臂的摆动块 lbl会与摇摆臂的固定块 lb2保持平行，因 此， 在任何角度前轮转角会精确等于把手转角度； 当推拉时， 推拉杆 1保持一固定角度来推转轴 la并移动梢 1M使以梢 lb7、 lb8为中心 而前后摇摆， 因为在固定块 lb2固定或为一体于车架 5， 导致平行杆 lb3、 lb4、 连接轴 10b 皆同角度摇摆； 而平行杆 lb3底部枢轴为心 轴的一摆臂输出轮 22连接或固定于该平行杆 lb3而带动车辆前进。 本发明亦可应用于多人纵向坐骑式自行车， 第一骑者推拉杆 1加 上控制方向， 其余推拉杆不须转轴 la及万向节 10， 全以链条连动各 自的摇摆臂单向输出轮。 以上， 是依据本发明图示详细说明后， 唯业者能在不超越本 发明要旨的范围内进行各种变更， 因此， 举凡利用与本发明有关结构 的实施型态，只要在不超出本新型要旨范围内的各种等效性变更实施 例， 皆应涵属于本发明范畴内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在于， 包括一上端设置 有把手（14)的推拉杆（1)、 一转轴（la)、 一操控方向的万向节（10)、 一万向节轴承 (12)和一摇摆臂（lb)；推拉杆 (1)下端由转轴（la) 把持 后， 连接于万向节（10) 的一端， 万向节的另一端连接使车转向的转 向机构 (61a)， 其还由固定在车架上的万向节轴承（12)所把持， 转轴 (la)则固定于摇摆臂（lb)上； 摇摆臂（lb)其枢轴于车架上， 且， 车架 上摇摆臂枢轴中心线， 同心于万向节内的传动中心点， 以使得把手实 现以摇摆臂枢轴为力臂支点， 做前后推拉施力， 带动车轮前进， 并以 摇摆臂（lb)上的转轴（la)做左右旋转转向。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在 于， 摇摆臂输出以一正一反同时带动两同向的单向装置所构成的一 换向机构 (64)， 使成为推及拉皆有动力作用。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在 于，摇摆臂（lb)向下延伸并在其末端设置有一用于行驶者用脚施力的 踩板（lbb) 0
4、 如权利要求 1所述的一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在 于， 使用换轨变速器装置 (63a)带动车辆前进。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在 于， 所述万向节包含任何形态的万向节及等速万向节。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在 于， 摇摆臂枢轴 (28)由一包含推拉装置 (65)、增速装置 (26)和换向装 置 (64)的轴承板 (5b)所支撑，而轴承板 (5b)以可拆卸的固锁方式固锁 于车架 (5)上。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在 于， 摇摆臂输出带动发电机充电于电瓶， 用电马达以带动所述车辆。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在 于， 其摇摆臂使用三个斜齿轮带动单转向前轮前进； 所述三个斜齿轮 由： 一个由摇摆臂带动且心轴由车架支撑的带动斜齿轮 (71)， 经一个 心轴由转向轴构成且可自由旋转的自由斜齿轮 (72)，来带动一个心轴 由转向轴支撑且带动前轮的环绕斜齿轮 (73)所构成。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在 于， 其还进一步具有一摇摆装置 (68)， 包含一踩板 (93)其连接一做为 力臂的踩力臂 (94)， 其踩力臂 (94)与车架以枢轴 (90)方式连接； 一移 动座 (91)其连接一做为力臂的座力臂 (92)，其座力臂（92)连于前述的 枢轴 (90)形成一角度， 并相互形成一跷跷板效应； 且所述枢轴（90) 输出与推拉装置 (65)输出连动后， 拉力连动使踩板下移， 而推力连动 使移动座 (91)下移。
10、如权利要求 1所述的一种推拉驱动车的转向装置， 其特征在 于，摇摆臂（lb) 由一活动的摆动块（lbl)及一固定在车架上的固定块 (lb2)所组成， 其两者四角落之间由一对两平行杆（lb3)、 （lb4)上下 两端的梢（lb5)、 （lb6)、 （lb7)、 (lb8)以枢轴方式连接; 在所述摆动 块（lbl)的中心， 具有转轴（la)把持一上万向节（10a)， 所述固定块 (Ib2)的中心， 具有万向节轴承（12)来把持一下万向节（10b) ; 两万向 节（10a)、 （10b)之间由一连接轴（10c)两端以同向叉连接， 并且摆动 块（lbl)上的一对两枢轴梢（lb5)、 (lb6)与上万向节（10a)的传动中心 点同平面， 而固定块（lb2)上的一对两枢轴梢（lb7)、 （lb8)与下万向 节（10b)的传动中心点同平面， 最后以任一平行杆底端枢轴为心轴， 设置一固定在该平行杆上的输出轮 (22)而带动车辆前进。
PCT/CN2008/001707 2007-10-13 2008-10-09 Dispositif de direction d'une bicyclette entraînée par poussée et traction WO2009046638A1 (fr)

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