WO2009027049A1

WO2009027049A1 - Ventilation apparatus for a façade

Info

Publication number: WO2009027049A1
Application number: PCT/EP2008/006883
Authority: WO
Inventors: Olaf Gempfer; Winfried Heusler
Original assignee: SCHÜCO International KG
Priority date: 2007-08-24
Filing date: 2008-08-21
Publication date: 2009-03-05
Also published as: DE202007011819U1

Abstract

A ventilation apparatus for a double façade with an outer façade (3) and an inner façade (2) which are separated from each other by an intermediate space (15), characterized in that the ventilation apparatus is designed as a modular ventilation housing (5) which can be integrated in the double façade.

Description

Ventilation device for a facade

The invention relates to a ventilation device for a facade or a light roof according to the preamble of claim 1 and a facade or a light roof with such a ventilation device.

A generic ventilation device and a generic facade are known from DE 196 48 001 A.

It is known to form facades of buildings as so-called double façades. Such double facades have relative to the building an outer level - hereinafter called the outer facade - and an inner level - hereinafter called the inner facade - on, the outer level or "skin" is usually made of glass. the design and the dimensions of a double façade are adapted to the respective requirements, static conditions and optical requirements.

The space between the outer and the inner facade level is used for ventilation purposes, on the one hand for ventilating the facade itself and on the other hand as a supply and discharge for the ventilation of the rooms of the building.

The inner facade can be designed such that it can be opened like a window in certain areas. In contrast, the outer facade is generally designed as a substantially closed shell, which is provided with ventilation openings only in certain defined areas.

Such a double façade offers in particular the advantages of additional thermal insulation and improved sound insulation, especially when the inner facade is open. Furthermore, windows can be ventilated through the windows of the interior façade despite windy and / or cold weather, as the external air flows are slowed down by the external façade.

5 Such double facades have proven themselves. However, it would be desirable to counteract the problems of excessive heating in the summer and an undesirably high heat dissipation in winter targeted.

To solve these problems, it has been proposed to aerate the gap 10 between the outer facade and the inner facade via thermal, wind and / or ventilation equipment such as fans.

The generic DE 196 48 001 ("Ventilation double façade") suggests a complete separation of the facade and room ventilation in the space of

15 double façade before, the separation is carried out by a full sun protection. The individual air flows are motorized, with flaps or thermally controlled. The placement of the ventilation elements, the shading is individually adapted to the construction project and in the facade. In this case, the complete separation of the ventilation levels requires a full sun protection, so that no

JO individual design of sun protection z. B. by slats or external blinds is possible. Thus, no light control via slats or the individual adjustment of the slats for optimal interior shading or lighting with natural light is possible.

! 5 The partial shading of z. B. upper half of the transparent

Ausfachungselemente does not make sense, because the ventilation levels are not separated properly.

WO 91/19 137 describes a method for ventilating a double facade, at which the incoming air is conditioned as needed and serves to exchange air with the inner spaces. DE 43 44 750 relates to a double facade with separating elements, in which a temperature-controlled electrical ventilation system is provided, which sucks air and blows out.

The invention has the object to provide a further optimized ventilation system for facades, with which an optimized ventilation of rooms of a building on double facades and the ventilation of the space between the two levels of a double façade can be realized.

The invention solves this problem by the subject matter of claim 1. The invention also provides a provided with a ventilation device according to the invention facade according to claim 4 and the subject of claim 5.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

The invention provides a ventilation device in the manner of a modularly mountable in front of a building ventilation housing, which is preferably designed such that it can be combined on a facade with other ventilation housings to realize an optimized ventilation method.

The ventilation housing are preferably designed such that the ventilation takes place within a double facade with integrated sunshade in three different levels, again preferably a continuous ventilation level, a ventilation level with non-return valve and a controllable according to the environmental conditions or adjustable main level are used.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to utilize the advantages of the double façade and a controlled ventilation according to the seasonal requirements within the double façade, it is further proposed that the ventilation components and shading elements in the

Combine ventilation housing in the manner of a module and by a skillful Combination and design within the façade and the ventilation module / housing ensure optimum use.

The invention also provides the subject matter of claims 13 and 14, respectively, whereby a clever type of diagonal ventilation is realized within the compartments. ,

The invention will be described with reference to an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. It shows:

Fig. Ia is a schematic view of a portion of a erfindungsgernäßen

0 facade in a first operating position;

Fig. Ib is a sectional view of the facade portion of Fig. Ia, in the lower

Section shows a section through a first and in the upper part of a section through a second portion of the facade section; Fig. 2a is a schematic view of the portion of the invention

5 facade of Figure 1 in a second operating position. the lower one

Section shows a section through a first and in the upper part of a section through a second portion of the facade section; Fig. 2b is a sectional view of the facade section of Fig. 2a;

FIGS. 3a-c show a plan view of a further façade section according to the invention and two sections through this façade section;

4 to 5 detailed views of details of the façade of FIG. 3 defined in FIG. 3, FIG. 6 detailed view of the façade of FIG. 3.

FIGS. 1 a and 2 a each show an external view of a double façade of a building, the position of which is designated by the reference numeral 1, which defines an interior or the room side of the building.

The double façade has two levels: an interior facade facing the building 2 and an essentially transparent exterior facade 3).

Preferably in the amount of a ceiling head 4 of the building are formed on individual or on all compartments 6 of the facade each as a ventilation housing 5 Ventilation devices arranged or preferably integrated in the double facade. The ventilation housings 5 are preferably aligned with integrated adjusting screws 30 and adapted to the building (see FIG. 4).

5 The facade is divided into several compartments 6. It is advantageous if the

Compartment height of the compartment 6 of the facade corresponds to the height of a projectile. But it can also be a multiple of the floor height.

Tn Fig, 1 and 2, the compartments 6 of the facade in the area of the inner facade 2 and the outer facade 3 3 by surface elements 8, 31 are covered. The inner facade 2 may also be provided with corresponding opening elements such as windows, or elements such as fans, heat exchangers and / or parapets, (not shown here).

The surface elements 31 of the outer facade 3 preferably extend over the gap 5 between the floor corners 4.

In the area of some or preferably even all of the compartments 6, one of the ventilation housings 5 is mounted in each case in the region of the ceiling heads 4.

Preferably, the ventilation housings 5 have a substantially box-shaped, elongate basic shape.

The ventilation housing 5 are further preferably designed such that they extend from the ceiling heads 4 or possibly arranged in front of the ceiling heads 4 5 Dämmschicht 7 into the region of the outer facade 3, with which they further preferably flush flush to the outside, so that they in the area between the surface elements 8 of the outer facade 3 itself form a certain part of the outer facade 3.

) The ventilation housing 5 are in their usual - shown in Fig. 1 - installation position in the horizontal direction, for example by means of a not shown here Partition wall divided into a first area and a second area, which are formed as supply air area 5a and 5b as the exhaust area.

The outer side of the ventilation housing in FIG. 1 is correspondingly provided in the supply air region 5a with a supply air opening 9 for the upper compartment and in the exhaust air compartment 5b with an exhaust opening 10 for the respective lower compartment or as such. The compartments are laterally separated from each other by partitions, not shown here, so that in this respect as well a ventilation over the individual compartments can be realized.

In the area of the inlet air opening 9 and the exhaust opening 10 baffles 1 1, 12 may be arranged, it is advisable, the geometry and shape of these baffles 11, 12 in flow channels 32, 33 of the preferred flow direction of the air (FIGS. 4 and 5). adapt.

The basic function of this arrangement is as follows. In the construction shown in the figures, air in the region of a compartment 6 flows through the supply air region 5 a of a first lower ventilation housing 5 into the lower ventilation housing. From there, the air flows through an upper side 13 in the installed position in the supply air area - here formed as a ventilation grille 14 - in the

Interspace 15 of the Gefaches 6 between the inner facade 2 and the outer facade 3 and from there diagonally through the further in through an opening 16 in the lower side 17 (see also Fig. 3 to 5) of the relative Gefach 6 upper ventilation housing 5 in the exhaust area 5b of the upper ventilation device 5 adjoining the compartment 6 at the top and from there through the exhaust opening 10 to the outside. In the exhaust air area, the upper side 13 may also be formed closed.

Such a particularly effective diagonal ventilation of the intermediate space 15 of the double facade can be realized in a structurally simple manner.

Further details and refinements of the ventilation are explained below. The ventilation housing 5 are preferably designed in each case modular and preassembled, ie, the dimensions of the ventilation housing 5 are dimensioned in the workshop according to the desired element width, the desired depth and the desired height 5 at the height of the ceiling head 4 oriented.

The outer view of the ventilation unit can - without the Zuluft- and the exhaust port 9, 10 to be completely or partially optically disguised with surface elements such as glass, solar panels, stone spaced to prevent direct insight into the ventilation unit and the optically pleasing Appearance also to optimize the overall facade (not shown here).

The elements of the arrangements from FIGS. 1 to 5 will be described in more detail below.

5 According to FIG. 1, the outer facade 3 profiles 18, which surround the surface elements 8.

Fastening means 19, 20, 30 for fixing the double facade to the ceiling head 4 can be seen in Fig. 1 and in particular well in Fig. 4.

0

Within the ventilation housing 5, the supply air channel 32 divides from the outside initially into two sub-channels 21, 22. This has the following function. In the space 15 of the double facade is arranged as a separation plane 23 of the intermediate space 15, a sunshade, which may for example consist of adjustable slats. These

5 dividing plane 23 divides the gap 15 into an outer portion 15a and an inner portion 15b.

In the upper and / or lower ventilation housing sun protection receptacles 34, 35 may be formed, in which the sun protection of the parting plane 23 is retractable (Fig. 4) and 5). The one partial channel 21 opens into the outer portion 15a of the intermediate space and the other partial channel 22 into the inner portion 15b of the intermediate space.

Accordingly, the exhaust air area 5b of the ventilation housing also separate openings 24, 25, 16 from the sections 15a and 15b in the exhaust air area, which open together in the exhaust port 10 (see also Fig. 5).

It is thus possible to ventilate the sections 15a and 15b inside and outside the parting plane 23 separately from each other.

Thus, a two-level ventilation of the intermediate space 15 can be realized in an advantageous manner.

Preferably, the portion 15a is constantly ventilated, while it is possible to close the ventilation of the portion 15b via a shut-off device - here designed as a rotary valve 26, 27 - to close. The operation of the rotary valve can be done mechanically by hand with a tool or preferably by motor (not visible here).

The rotary valves 26, 27 in the supply air region 5a and in the exhaust air region 5b can lie on an axis and, if appropriate, can also be actuated on a shaft by a common drive.

The adjustment of the axes can be done synchronously / simultaneously over all levels or over all superimposed elements, since one axis affects the supply air and exhaust air opening in the ventilation housing.

When opening the rotary valve in the supply air area 5 a opens at least the same extent the exhaust air area of this ventilation housing with approximately the same cross sections to achieve a regulated flow without large pressure differences and unwanted draft phenomena. If both ventilation housing 5 on actuates one of the compartments, the inner portion 15 b of the intermediate space 15 is opened.

But it is also possible to control the Zuluftachse in the lower ventilation housing 5 with the exhaust air axis in the associated upper ventilation housing 5 control technology to allow individual ventilation per Gefach 6.

It is advantageous to dimension the channels 21, 24, which ensure aeration of the plane 15a or of the section 15a, smaller than the channels 22, 25, 16 of the section 15b, since in area 15a only a continuous ventilation is to be ensured, which in particular the removal of air to prevent settling of condensate is used.

On the other hand, ventilation may take place in the area 15b if, for example, it is desired for ventilating the interior of the building.

It is advantageous to expand the previously described two-level concept to at least one third ventilation level in order to further optimize the ventilation concept.

The third ventilation level L3 can be realized in a simple manner, for example, by providing, in addition to the exhaust air opening from the inner section 15b of the intermediate space which can be closed with the rotary valve 27, the third exhaust air duct 25 from the region 15b in the exhaust air region near the dividing plane 23 , which is preferably provided with a check valve such as a non-return valve 28.

Thus, three levels of ventilation Ll, L2, L3 form.

The first ventilation level Ll is located directly behind the outer facade 6 in front of the shading or separating plane 23 in the section 15a of the intermediate space 15 and has a smaller cross-section than the third ventilation plane L3 in the section B, which Represents the main ventilation level. This third level L3 is arranged behind the shading or parting plane 23 directly in front of the inner facade 2.

Directly behind the shading 23 is the second ventilation level L2, which is supplied by the first ventilation level Ll or in the open state by the second ventilation level L2 of the ventilation housing air.

This air escapes through the central exhaust air duct 25, which is provided with the non-return valve 28, so that air which is pressed from the outside can not pass through this exhaust air duct into the intermediate space of the double facade.

The exhaust duct 25 is used for additional ventilation and especially for locked supply and exhaust air ducts in the winter for pressure equalization by means of forced ventilation with warming air in section 15b.

The rotary valves 26, 27 are preferably formed with their closing surface radius-like as a ball seat valve. This embodiment is particularly advantageous. The shut-off devices can also be realized in other ways.

Filters can be arranged in the area of the supply air openings (in the region of the reference numeral 29) below the ventilation grille 14, which clean the incoming air and have an additional sound-insulating / heat-insulating effect. Another / alternative filter also z. B. for cleaning purposes can be placed below the ventilation or gangway 14.

The cross sections of the main supply and exhaust air ducts 22, 16 correspond approximately to their dimensions, wherein the main supply duct 22 is at least as large as the main exhaust duct 16 in order to optimize the chimney effect within the intermediate space. This is especially useful for additional room ventilation.

Furthermore, in the exhaust air area 5b corresponding to the supply air area 5a, a non-locked exhaust air duct 24 for permanent ventilation of the first level, inter alia, Purpose of condensate water and avoid condensation.

In addition, motor-operated fans can be placed in the ventilation housing 5 to enhance the ventilation effect (not shown here).

Due to the fact that the ventilation housings 5 are constructed identically on a compartment 6, preferably above and below a compartment 6, and in the installed state the supply air area and the exhaust area are positioned one above another, a diagonal ventilation occurs within 0 of the intermediate space 15 of the double facade, wherein the intermediate space 15 is well ventilated.

Another positive effect is that the exchanged heated air rises outside the façade and is not directed directly from the first floor exhaust air opening in Fig. 5 to the second level air intake opening so that each level is supplied with fresh and unused air.

Preferably, no feedback of the Lüftströme or air masses takes place within the facade element or the overall facade, which allows individual ventilation 0 of the compartment 6.

The chimney effect arising within the intermediate space 15 also supports the room ventilation when the window is open. A motorized ventilation or a heat recovery system in the area of the parapet to the room side is also conceivable 5.

The possibility of later assembly of the outer facade level allows a modular design, as well as this element can be prefabricated in the workshop and in the case of z. As a damage or an optical / functional change of the) level can be easily replaced. Investigation results show that the internal temperature of the gap 15 is in any case substantially equal to the outside temperature outside the facade, but additionally stand out the advantages of sound insulation and fresh air supply within the facade gap and thus the room ventilation.

The ventilation housing 5 is manufactured as a module and mounted on the building. The outer facade 6 can also be designed and mounted modular.

Preferably, the ventilation takes place depending on the external conditions according to the following scheme.

In summer conditions (FIG. 2), the main air ducts 22, 16 of the third ventilation level L3 are opened or adapted to the desired conditions in addition to the constantly open ventilation ducts 21, 24 of the first and second ventilation levels L2 and L3. That is, the heated air can be from the upper

Vent housing 5 escape in the exhaust area 5b and fresh air can flow from below.

Since the inlet and outlet openings 9, 10 on Gefach 6 are not directly above each other, but laterally or diagonally offset, now creates the already mentioned effect of diagonal ventilation, the air flow reaches virtually the entire interior of the double façade and allows a complete exchange of air ,

The summery sunshade 23 has no negative influence on the ventilation behavior, but rather has a supporting effect, since it defines a ventilation duct L 1 in front of and a ventilation duct L 2 behind the parting plane as a theoretical parting plane 23.

Experiments have shown that in this arrangement, the interior or inner portion 15b is not warmer than the outside temperature, so that overheating of the interior of the double facade does not occur as in standard double facades. The temperature, which is higher for the building interior temperature, allows natural ventilation of the building space due to the resulting thermal.

Under winter conditions (FIG. 1), the main air ducts 22, 16 of the third 5 ventilation level are closed by the rotary valves 27, so that the desired heat buffer is created in the intermediate space 15 of the double facade.

The first level of ventilation also serves to prevent or remove condensate and low permanent ventilation.

0

The second ventilation level supports z. B. with lowered sunscreen, the ventilation of the gap, especially the third level of ventilation. As the internal temperature increases, the pressure in section 15b increases, which opens the non-return valve 28.

5

Especially in the transitional period, it makes sense to regulate the main ventilation level L3 individually in their Durchflußöffhungsweite to obtain the desired effects.

0 A daytime and nighttime setting is also conceivable in order to maintain a uniform temperature profile in the intermediate space of the double façade in the event of strongly falling outside temperatures at night.

The regulation of the opening adjustment can be done centrally or depending on the concept and 5 structure of the entire facade or ventilation unit individually over the user.

It makes sense to have an automatic control that uses data from sensors (interior façade temperature, outside temperature, wind speed, humidity, etc.). ) reference numeral

Building 1

Interior facade 2 Exterior facade 3

Ceiling head 4

Ventilation housing 5

Supply air range 5 a

Exhaust air area 5b compartments 6

Insulating layer 7

Surface elements 8

Supply air opening 9

Exhaust opening 10 baffles 11, 12th

Page 13

Ventilation grid 14

Gap 15

Sections 15 a, b opening 16

Page 17

Profiles 18

Fastening means 19, 20

Partial channels 21, 22 Parting plane 23

Openings 24, 25, 16

Rotary valve 26, 27

Check valve 28

Area 29 set screws 30

Surface elements 31

Flow channels 32, 33

Sun protection receptacles 34, 35

Ventilation levels L1, L2, L3

Claims

claims

1. Ventilation device for a double façade with an outer facade (3) and an inner facade (2), which are separated by a gap (15), characterized in that the ventilation device is designed as a modular in the double façade modular ventilation housing (5) ,

2. Ventilation device, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that the ventilation housing (5) is designed such that it combines the functions of a Zuluftgehäuses and an exhaust housing in a Zuluftabschnitt (5a) and in an exhaust air section (5b).

3. Ventilation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ventilation housing (5) is designed such that it combines the functions of the supply air housing and the exhaust housing together with a further of the ventilation housing (5) on a Gefach (6) of the double facade.

4. Double façade or light roof with an outer facade (3) and one

Inner facade (2), which are separated by a gap (15), characterized by one or more ventilation devices according to one of the preceding claims.

5. double façade or roof, in particular according to claim 4, characterized in that the ventilation housing (5) are designed such that the ventilation within the compartments (6) of the double façade with integrated sunscreen in three different levels (Ll, L2, L3) he follows.

6. Double facade or roof according to claim 5, characterized in that the three different levels (Ll, L2, L3) comprise a continuous ventilation level, a ventilation level with non-return flap and a main level.

7. double facade or -lichtdach according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that above and below at least one Gefaches (6) each one of the ventilation housing (5) is arranged.

8. double facade or -lichtdach according to claim 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the ventilation housing (5) have a substantially box-shaped, elongated basic shape.

9. double façade or -light roof according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the ventilation housing (5) are further preferably designed such that they from the ceiling heads (4) or possibly one in front of the ceiling heads (4) arranged insulating layer (7) extend into the area of the outer facade (3).

10. Double facade or roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation housing in the horizontal direction, for example by means of an intermediate wall, not shown, are divided into a first area and a second area, as the supply air area (5a) and as the exhaust air area (5b) are formed.

11. Double facade or -light roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer side in the installed position of the ventilation housing (5) in the supply air (5a) with an air inlet (9) and in the exhaust air area (5b) provided with an exhaust port (10) or quite as such are formed.

12. Double facade or -light roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of the inlet air opening (9) and the exhaust opening (10) each guide plates (11, 12) are arranged.

13. Double facade or roof, in particular according to one of the preceding claims or according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement of the two ventilation housing (5) on a Gefach (6) is such that the Zuluftbereich (5a) of a lower ventilation housing (5) on a Gefach (6) and the exhaust air area (5b) of the further ventilation housing above this Gefachs (6) are diagonally offset from one another, so that in Gefach (6) is a diagonal ventilation.

14 double facade or -lichtdach, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each ventilation housing (5) in

Installation position for the respective lower Gefach (6) as an exhaust device and for each upper Gefach (6) serves as Zulufteinrichtung.

15. Double façade or -light roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation housing (5) are outside completely or partially optically lined with surface elements.

16, double facade or -lichtdach according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply air duct (32) in the supply air region (5 b) in two sub-channels (21, 22), wherein the one sub-channel (21) in an outer

Section (15a) opens in front of a parting line (23) in the intermediate space and the other sub-channel (22) in the inner portion (15b) of the intermediate space (15).

17. Double facade or -light roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust air region (5b) of the ventilation housing (5) has two separate exhaust ducts (24 16) from the portions (15a, 15b) of the intermediate space (15).

18 double facade or -lichtdach according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust air region (5b) of the ventilation housing (5) has three separate exhaust ducts (25, 24, 16) from the sections (15a, 15b).

19. Double façade or roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separate exhaust ducts (25, 24, 16) from the

Sections (15a, 15b) open into a common exhaust duct (33).

20. double façade or -lichtdach according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a shut-off device.

21. Double façade or -light roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shut-off device is designed as a rotary slide valve (26, 27).

22, double facade or -lichtdach according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary valve (26, 27) as a shut-off device of the third ventilation level (11, L23, L3) are designed.

23, double facade or -lichtdach according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary valve (26, 27) of the supply air region (5a) and the exhaust air region (5b) lie on a common axis.

24. Double facade or -lichtdach according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary valves (26, 27) are actuated by a motor.

25. double façade or -lichtdach according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary valve (26, 27) are manually operable.

26. Double façade or roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary valves (26, 27) aurweisen a radius-like closing surface.

27. A double façade or roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channels (21, 24) which ensure ventilation of the outer portion (15a) of the intermediate space (15) are dimensioned smaller than the channels of the inner portion (21). 15b).

28 double facade or -lichtdach according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that directly behind the parting plane (23), the second ventilation level (L2) is located.

29. Double façade or roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that air of the second ventilation level (L2) escapes through the central exhaust duct (25).

30. Double façade or -light roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central exhaust air duct (25) is provided with a check valve such as a non-return valve (28).

31, double facade or -lichtdach according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply air region (5a) of the respective lower ventilation housing (15) on a Gefach (6) synchronously with exhaust air region (5b) of the overlying corresponding ventilation housing (5) is controllable ,

32. Double façade or -light roof according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation housing (5) are provided with filters.