WO2009017749A1 - Agencement de refroidissement ayant des ouvertures progressivement plus grandes - Google Patents

Agencement de refroidissement ayant des ouvertures progressivement plus grandes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009017749A1
WO2009017749A1 PCT/US2008/009192 US2008009192W WO2009017749A1 WO 2009017749 A1 WO2009017749 A1 WO 2009017749A1 US 2008009192 W US2008009192 W US 2008009192W WO 2009017749 A1 WO2009017749 A1 WO 2009017749A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
openings
heat exchanger
cooling arrangement
fin
airflow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2008/009192
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael J. Chica
Phillip L. Ernat
Bryan A. Vogt
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Inc. filed Critical Caterpillar Inc.
Publication of WO2009017749A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009017749A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/08—Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
    • B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
    • B60Y2200/415—Wheel loaders

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to a cooling arrangement and, more particularly, to a cooling arrangement having progressively larger openings.
  • Background Machines having a power source may also include a cooling arrangement to cool fluids directed into or out of the power source, the machine, or both.
  • a machine power source may be fluidly connected to a liquid-to-air, air-to-air, or other type of heat exchanger to cool liquids circulated throughout the power source or to cool air directed into the power source.
  • an enclosure such as a hood partially encloses the power source, heat exchanger, and other various components to protect them from the environment.
  • a grille may be connected to the enclosure upstream of the heat exchanger to provide an inlet for airflow needed to cool the heat exchanger.
  • machines are used in environments where air is often saturated with debris. Debris saturated air can be harmful to machines by obstructing airflow by plugging the fins within the heat exchanger. When debris obstructs airflow to and through a heat exchanger the power source may overheat.
  • Grilles are perforated with openings to prevent passage of larger debris to a heat exchanger while still allowing airflow.
  • the grille openings may be susceptible to becoming obstructed and passing smaller debris to the heat exchanger, thus leading to overheating.
  • the ratio of the second air vent holes allows the force drawing ambient air in each side to approximate the force drawing ambient air through the first air vent holes.
  • the ratios create a substantially equal velocity of ambient air through the left side, right side, and front face that may be lower than the conventional construction. As a result, the substantially equal velocities may prevent plugging of air vent holes.
  • This time may be costly to the machine owner, who may use the machine in more productive tasks, for example, a more continual usage of the machine.
  • the disclosed cooling arrangement is directed to overcoming one or more of the problems described above.
  • the present disclosure is directed toward a cooling arrangement for a machine.
  • the cooling arrangement may include a fan configured to generate airflow and a grille having a plurality of airflow inlet openings.
  • the cooling arrangement may also include a heat exchanger having a plurality of fin openings sized to be larger than a size of at least one of the inlet opening.
  • the cooling arrangement may also include an enclosure having a plurality of airflow exit openings sized to be larger than a size of at least one of the fin opening openings.
  • the present disclosure is directed toward a method of flowing through a cooling arrangement.
  • the method may include directing airflow through the cooling arrangement through inlet openings, fin openings, and exit openings.
  • the method may also include sizing inlet openings, fin opening, and exit openings, respectively, progressively larger and shaping inlet openings and exit openings generally hexagonally to increase an open area for airflow.
  • Fig. l is a diagrammatic illustration of an exemplary disclosed machine
  • Fig. 2 is a pictorial illustration of an exemplary disclosed cooling arrangement for use with the machine of Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 3 is a pictorial illustration of exemplary disclosed inlet openings for use with the cooling arrangement of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a pictorial illustration of exemplary disclosed exit openings for use with the cooling arrangement of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a machine 100 having a power source 102.
  • Machine 100 may perform some type of operation associated with an industry -A-
  • machine 100 may embody a mobile machine such as a loader, a backhoe, an excavator, a motor grader, a dump truck, or another suitable mobile machine.
  • a loader such as a loader, a backhoe, an excavator, a motor grader, a dump truck, or another suitable mobile machine.
  • machine 100 is depicted and described as a loader.
  • Machine 100 may alternatively embody a generator set or another stationary operation-performing machine.
  • Power source 102 may include multiple components that cooperate to produce a power output directed to move machine 100.
  • power source 102 may include an engine block 104 that defines a plurality of cylinders 106, a piston 108 slidably disposed within each cylinder 106, and a cylinder head 110 associated with each cylinder 106.
  • power source 102 may include additional or different components such as, for example, a valve mechanism associated with cylinder head 110, one or more fuel injectors, and other components known in the art.
  • power source 102 is depicted and described as a four-stroke diesel engine.
  • power source 102 may be any other type of combustion engine such as, for example, a gasoline or a gaseous fuel-powered engine.
  • Cylinder 106, piston 108, and the cylinder head 110 may form a combustion chamber 112.
  • power source 102 includes four combustion chambers 112. However, it is contemplated that power source 102 may include a greater or lesser number of combustion chambers 112 and that combustion chambers 112 may be disposed in an "in-line" configuration, a "V" configuration, or another suitable configuration. As also shown in Fig. 1, power source 102 may be associated with one or more systems that facilitate the production of power. In particular, power source 102 may include a cooling arrangement 114. Cooling arrangement 114 may cool a heat transferring medium (e.g. air, oil, and/or coolant) circulated throughout power source 102.
  • a heat transferring medium e.g. air, oil, and/or coolant
  • machine 100 may include additional systems such as, for example, an air induction system, a fuel system, a lubrication system, a transmission system, a control system, a hydraulic system, and other such systems known in the art.
  • the additional systems may also utilize cooling arrangement 114 to cool their respective fluids.
  • Cooling arrangement 114 may include a fan 116, one or more heat exchanger 124, an enclosure 122, and a grille 126.
  • Heat exchanger 124 may be located at a back-end of machine 100 between grille 126 and power source 102. Heat exchanger 124 may be configured to cool the heat transferring medium circulated throughout power source 102, machine 100, or both.
  • Fan 116 may be configured to generate airflow 200 across heat exchanger 124 and be disposed between power source 102 and heat exchanger 124. Specifically, fan 116 may be secured to the downstream side of heat exchanger 124, pulling air first through grille 126 and then through the heat exchanger 124. It is contemplated that fan 116 may be located between grille 126 and heat exchanger 124, if desired. Enclosure 122 may partially enclose power source 102, heat exchanger 124, and fan 116. Air flow generated by fan 116 may exit through enclosure 122 after passing through heat exchanger 124. Grille 126 may be disposed within enclosure 122 upstream of heat exchanger 124.
  • enclosure 122 heat exchanger 124, fan 116, and grille 126
  • enclosure 122, heat exchanger 124, fan 1 16, and grille 126 may all be disposed at a forward end of machine 100.
  • Heat exchanger 124 may function as a primary heat exchanger facilitating the transfer of heat to or from a heat transferring medium circulated throughout power source 102.
  • heat exchanger 124 may include a tube and shell type heat exchanger, a plate type heat exchanger, or any other type of heat exchanger known in the art.
  • Heat exchanger 124 may be a liquid-to-air exchanger connected to power source 102 via a supply conduit 1 18 and a return conduit 120. It is contemplated that heat exchanger 124 may function as the main radiator of power source 102 dedicated to conditioning only the heat-transferring medium supplied to engine block 104.
  • heat exchanger 124 may also condition a heat transferring medium supplied to an engine oil cooler, a transmission oil cooler, a brake oil cooler, or any other component of machine 100 carrying a heat transferring medium.
  • the heat-transferring medium may be a low-pressure fluid.
  • Exemplary low-pressures fluids may include, water, glycol, a water-glycol mixture, a blended air mixture, a power source oil such as transmission oil, engine oil, brake oil, or any other fluid known in the art for transferring heat.
  • heat exchanger 124 may further include multiple fins 202 disposed horizontally across the inlet face 204 of heat exchanger 124.
  • fins 202 may be connected to conduits/tubes (not shown) that the heat transferring medium may flow through. Fins 202 may be spaced at a predetermined distance separating each fin 202 and creating fin openings 206. That is, in one example, fin openings 206 may be the vertical distance or sizing between fins 202. Fins 202 and fin openings 206 may help facilitate the transfer of heat from the heat-transferring medium. Specifically, airflow 200 generated by fan 116 may move across fins 202 and through fin openings 206 pulling heat away from heat exchanger 124. In one example, fin openings 206 of heat exchanger 124 may be about 4 mm.
  • fins 202 may exist within heat exchanger 124, for example, a vertical or V- wave configuration may be used in place of the horizontal configuration.
  • Grille 126 may be coupled to enclosure 122 and, together, configured to pivot upwards giving access to heat exchanger 124. Grill 126 may have a handle 208 to facilitate pivoting and resemble a corrugated structure, although, it is contemplated that grille 126 may resemble other known structures, if desired.
  • Grille 126 may have numerous inlet openings 210 extending from left to right and top to bottom therein. Inlet openings 210 may be hexagonal in configuration, and sized such that debris passing through inlet openings 210 may also pass through fin openings 206 of heat exchanger 124.
  • the sizing of inlet openings 210 may allow airflow 200 through grille 126 and prevent passage of debris too large to pass through fin openings 206.
  • inlet openings 210 may be sized slightly smaller. That is, the sizing of inlet openings 210, the inlet size 300, may be about 4 mm, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • Inlet size 300 is determined from the smallest bisecting dimension.
  • inlet size 300 may be the distance between two opposing faces of one inlet opening 210, for circular openings, inlet size 300 may be the diameter of one inlet opening 210.
  • Inlet openings 210 may be disposed at a spacing angle 304 of 30 degrees. Spacing angle 304 may be the angle between two bisecting lines crossing at the center on an inlet opening 210, one bisecting line may be horizontal and the other may be measured counterclockwise from the horizontal.
  • Inlet openings 210 may be spaced relative to each other to produce the maximum possible open area while remaining structurally sound. That is, grille 126 may substantially withstand any normal operating conditions when configured with the maximum possible open area.
  • the open area is calculated from the total open space occupied by the openings divided by the total open space and area of the space between each opening. As shown in Fig. 3, in the 4 mm inlet size 300 example, an inlet spacing 302 may be about 5 mm between the centers of inlet openings 210. Furthermore the open area of the grille may be, in one example, about 63 percent open.
  • Enclosure 126 may have a plurality of exit openings disposed in a right face 214, a left face 216, and a top face 218 of enclosure 126.
  • exit openings 212 may be located downstream of heat exchanger 124 with respect to airflow 200.
  • Exit openings 212 may be hexagonal in configuration and sized larger than inlet openings 210 and fin openings 206.
  • exit openings 212 may have an exit size 400 of about 6 mm and be disposed at a spacing angle 404 of 30 degrees.
  • Exit openings 212 having an exit size 400 of about 6 mm may have an exit spacing 402 of about 8 mm between centers of exit openings 212, creating an open area within the portions of the hood having exit openings of about 65 percent.
  • Exit size 400, exit spacing 402, and spacing angle 404 may be determined in the same fashion as inlet size 300, inlet spacing 302, and spacing angle 304, respectively.
  • fin openings 206 inlet openings 210, and exit openings 212 may be used in place of the description above or examples stated. That is, heat exchanger 124 may have a different number of fins per inch, thus changing the size of fin openings 206.
  • Inlet openings 210 and exit openings 212 may be sized according to fin openings 206, specifically, inlet openings 210 may be smaller than fin openings 206 and exit openings 212 larger than fin openings 206. It is contemplated that exit openings 212 may be much larger than fin openings 206, if desired.
  • heat exchanger 124 including fins 202 and fin openings 206, may be omitted from cooling arrangement 114 while retaining still the progressively larger relationship between inlet openings 210 and exit openings 212, if desired. It is further contemplated that spacing angle 304, 404 and inlet and exit spacing 302, 402 may vary as the configurations of inlet and exit openings 210, 212 vary.
  • the cooling arrangement of the present disclosure may be applicable to a variety of machines where airflow is needed to reach a heat exchanger, and congestion or plugging of the spaces between the fins of an associated heat exchanger may be harmful.
  • the disclosed cooling arrangement provides a progressively larger airflow path.
  • the airflow path may both prevent the passage of debris through a grille and help debris that does pass to not congest the heat exchanger.
  • the operation and function of cooling arrangement 114 will now be described.
  • An airflow 200 generated by fan 116 and/or movement of machine 100 may pass through grille 126 to cool heat exchanger 124 via inlet openings 210. Airflow 200 may then pass through fin openings 206 within heat exchanger 124 and exit cooling arrangement 114 via exit openings 212 within enclosure 122.
  • Airflow 200 may carry debris, dust, or other particles that may congest heat exchanger 124.
  • Cooling arrangement 114 may prevent the congestion of heat exchanger 124. That is, inlet openings 210 of grille 126 may prevent or restrict debris larger than the inlet openings 210 from passing.
  • the flow of debris small enough to pass through inlet openings 210 may be improved as debris passes through the heat exchanger 124 and exit cooling arrangement 114 because of the progressively larger subsequent openings (206, 212). That is, because fin openings 206 are larger than inlet openings 210 and exit openings 212 are larger than fin openings 206, debris may more easily pass through the heat exchanger 214 and not congest heat exchanger 214.
  • Cooling arrangement 114 may be beneficial to owners and operators of machine 100 by minimizing down time, thereby increasing productivity. That is, because cooling arrangement 114 may decrease overheating, cooling arrangement 114 may alleviate the need to shut down machine 100 to allow power source 102 to cool. Significant time and costs saved because there may be less of a need to inspect heat exchanger 124 and cool machine 100.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un agencement de refroidissement pour une machine. L'agencement de refroidissement comprend un ventilateur configuré pour générer une circulation d'air et une grille ayant une pluralité d'ouvertures d'entrée de circulation d'air. L'agencement de refroidissement comprend également un échangeur de chaleur ayant une pluralité d'ouvertures d'ailette dimensionnées pour être plus grandes qu'une dimension d'au moins l'une des ouvertures d'entrée. L'agencement de refroidissement comprend également une enceinte ayant une pluralité d'ouvertures de sortie de circulation d'air dimensionnées pour être plus grandes qu'une dimension d'au moins l'une des ouvertures d'ailette.
PCT/US2008/009192 2007-07-31 2008-07-30 Agencement de refroidissement ayant des ouvertures progressivement plus grandes WO2009017749A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US93520807P 2007-07-31 2007-07-31
US60/935,208 2007-07-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009017749A1 true WO2009017749A1 (fr) 2009-02-05

Family

ID=39930487

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2008/009192 WO2009017749A1 (fr) 2007-07-31 2008-07-30 Agencement de refroidissement ayant des ouvertures progressivement plus grandes

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2009017749A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012086521A1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2012-06-28 株式会社小松製作所 Chargeuse sur roues
IT201600111193A1 (it) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-04 Piaggio & C Spa Sistema di raffreddamento del motore di un motoveicolo
WO2018083640A1 (fr) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-11 Piaggio & C. S.P.A Système de refroidissement de moteur de motocyclette

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2854104A (en) * 1955-05-24 1958-09-30 Gen Motors Corp Fabricated grille structure
FR2356533A1 (fr) * 1976-07-01 1978-01-27 Fortschritt Veb K Installation d'amenee d'air aux radiateurs de refroidissement et au moteur d'entrainement d'une machine agricole automotrice
US4940100A (en) * 1988-02-23 1990-07-10 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Motor vehicle
US5660244A (en) * 1994-10-24 1997-08-26 Kubota Corporation Work vehicle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2854104A (en) * 1955-05-24 1958-09-30 Gen Motors Corp Fabricated grille structure
FR2356533A1 (fr) * 1976-07-01 1978-01-27 Fortschritt Veb K Installation d'amenee d'air aux radiateurs de refroidissement et au moteur d'entrainement d'une machine agricole automotrice
US4940100A (en) * 1988-02-23 1990-07-10 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Motor vehicle
US5660244A (en) * 1994-10-24 1997-08-26 Kubota Corporation Work vehicle

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012086521A1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2012-06-28 株式会社小松製作所 Chargeuse sur roues
JP5074638B2 (ja) * 2010-12-24 2012-11-14 株式会社小松製作所 ホイールローダ
EP2540546A1 (fr) * 2010-12-24 2013-01-02 Komatsu Ltd. Chargeuse sur roues
EP2540546A4 (fr) * 2010-12-24 2013-06-05 Komatsu Mfg Co Ltd Chargeuse sur roues
US8820450B2 (en) 2010-12-24 2014-09-02 Komatsu Ltd. Wheel loader
IT201600111193A1 (it) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-04 Piaggio & C Spa Sistema di raffreddamento del motore di un motoveicolo
WO2018083640A1 (fr) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-11 Piaggio & C. S.P.A Système de refroidissement de moteur de motocyclette
TWI742190B (zh) * 2016-11-04 2021-10-11 義大利商比雅久股份有限公司 用於機車之內燃機的冷卻系統及具有此冷卻系統的機車
US11458832B2 (en) 2016-11-04 2022-10-04 Piaggio & C. S.P.A. Motorcycle engine cooling system

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