Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
  • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
  • G06F13/382—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter
  • G06F13/387—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter for adaptation of different data processing systems to different peripheral devices, e.g. protocol converters for incompatible systems, open system
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
  • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
  • G06F13/10—Program control for peripheral devices
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
  • G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
  • G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
  • G06F13/16—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to memory bus

Definitions

• Embodiments of the present invention relate to a peripheral device for using the dual bus interface in an ExpressCard slot, and a method of using same.
• Non-volatile semiconductor memory devices such as flash memory storage cards
• flash memory storage cards are becoming widely used to meet the ever-growing demands on digital information storage and exchange.
• Their portability, versatility and rugged design, along with their high reliability and large storage capacity, have made such memory devices ideal for use in a wide variety of electronic devices, including for example digital cameras, digital music players, video game consoles, PDAs and cellular telephones.
• Flash memory device One popular type of flash memory device is the CompactFlash® memory card manufactured by SanDisk Corporation, Milpitas, California. While used in a variety of different applications, the CompactFlash memory card has been adopted as the de facto standard in the professional and consumer imaging markets. While there are several reasons why this is so, including the large storage capacity and low cost per megabyte, the form factor of the CompactFlash memory card has proven to be a significant contributing factor. At 43mm by 36mm, the card is large enough for easy manipulation, yet small enough for convenient transport and use in current high resolution digital cameras. Professionals and consumers are comfortable with and have grown accustomed to this size memory card.
• Fig. 1 shows a pair of ExpressCard memory cards 20 and 22 according to the two standard ExpressCard form factors.
• ExpressCard module 20 has a length of 75mm and a largest width of 54mm.
• ExpressCard module 22 has a length of 75mm and a width of 34mm. Both formats are 5mm thick.
• Module 20 is configured under the standard to be received within an ExpressCard slot 24.
• Module 22 is configured to be received within either slot 24 or a narrower slot 26.
• slot 24 includes a guide 28 to steer the module 22 into the correct position to ensure proper nesting of the module 22 upon insertion into the wider slot 24.
• ExpressCard format uses a simpler connector and eliminates the CardBus controller in PC Card applications by using direct connections to PCI-Express (PCIe) and USB ports in the host platform 30. This lowers the cost of slot implementations in the host platform.
• PCIe PCI-Express
• USB ports USB ports
• PCIe lane This includes a single PCIe lane (xl) operating at the baseline 2.5Gbps data rate, in each direction, as defined in the PCI Express Base Specification 1.0a by the PCI-SIG, which specification is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
• the host interface must also support the low-, full- and high-speed USB data rates as defined by the USB 2.0 Specification of the USB Implementers Forum, which specification is also incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
• host computing platforms 30 typically only include a single ExpressCard slot. In platforms having only a single ExpressCard slot, when an ExpressCard module 20/22 is inserted into the slot, the slot is then no longer available to perform any other functions. This is so despite the fact that the interface has two independent buses - the high performance PCIe bus and the more common USB interface. At present, there are no known peripheral devices that leverage both buses within the same ExpressCard slot.
• Embodiments of the present invention relate to a peripheral device having two associated memory modules, and which is configured to fit within the ExpressCard slot.
• One memory module communicates with a host over the PCIe bus interface of the ExpressCard slot, while the other memory module communicates with the host over the USB interface of the ExpressCard slot.
• a first embodiment of the peripheral device includes an internal memory, and a card reader for accepting a memory card and an interface connecting the peripheral device to the ExpressCard slot.
• the memory module may communicate with the host device over the PCIe interface and the memory card may communicate, via the card reader, with the host device over the USB interface. As these communications use separate and independent pathways through peripheral device interface, these communications over the PCIe and USB interfaces may occur concurrently.
• the peripheral device may be formed by first and second memory modules, both of which may be inserted and removed from the ExpressCard slot, and which also may be affixed and detached from each other.
• the respective memory modules may use separate and independent pathways through peripheral device interface so that communications over the PCIe and USB interfaces may occur concurrently.
• Figure 1 is schematic representation of a conventional ExpressCard standard memory card system.
• Figure 2 is a top view of a peripheral device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• Figure 3 is a front end view of a peripheral device according to embodiments of the present invention.
• Figure 4 is a back end view of a peripheral device according to embodiments of the present invention.
• Figure 5 is a top view of a peripheral device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a memory card positioned to be received therein.
• Figure 6 is a top view of a peripheral device according to embodiments of the present invention including a memory card affixed therein.
• Figure 7 is a high level block diagram of a peripheral device according to embodiments of the present invention.
• Figure 8 is a detailed block diagram of a peripheral device according to embodiments of the present invention.
• Figure 9 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a memory module assembly according to embodiments of the present invention.
• Figure 10 is a side view of the memory module assembly shown in Fig.
• Figure 11 is a perspective view of the memory module assembly according to Fig. 9 adjacent a host device and receiving a second memory module.
• Figure 12 is a high level block diagram of the joined memory modules shown in Fig. 11.
• Figure 13 is a detailed block diagram showing the joined memory modules of Fig. 11.
• Figure 14 is a cross-sectional side view of a host device including an adapter assembly inserted within an ExpressCard slot, and a second adapter for receiving a memory card.
• Figure 15 is a cross-sectional side view of a host computing device including the adapter assembly and second adapter of Fig. 14 with a memory card seated within the second adapter.
• peripheral device 100 for use within a standard ExpressCard slot such as shown in prior art Fig. 1.
• peripheral device 100 includes an internal memory and a reader for accepting a memory card to enable concurrent data exchange between the internal memory and attached memory card via the dual bus interface of the ExpressCard slot.
• Peripheral device 100 may have the dimensions of a standard ExpressCard/34 module; namely, a length of 75mm, a width of 34mm and a height of 5mm. It is understood that peripheral device 100 may have the dimensions of a standard ExpressCard/54 module, or other dimensions, in alternative embodiments.
• a front of the peripheral device 100 includes a front interface 110 including female electrical connectors for mating with pins within a standard ExpressCard slot.
• the "front” of the peripheral device refers to the portion of the device inserted first into the ExpressCard slot and located at the rear of the slot when inserted; the "back” of the peripheral device refers to the portion of the device located at the front opening of the slot when the device is inserted.
• interface 110 will be configured to mate with the standard, 26 pin, beam-on blade style connector used in the ExpressCard slot.
• the peripheral device 100 may be used in other types of card slots which may include other types of interface connectors at a front of the adapter in alternative embodiments.
• a back end of peripheral device 100 may include a slot 112, as best seen in the view of Fig. 4, taken along line 4-4 in Fig. 2.
• Slot 112 is configured to receive a memory card 130, which may be any of various memory card standards, such as for example an SD Card, a Smart Media Card, a Mini SD Card, a Transflash memory card, a Memory Stick, a Pico card, an MMC card or an RS-MMC card. Other memory modules are contemplated.
• a back portion of peripheral device 100 may include a memory card reader for transferring data to and from memory card 130.
• Peripheral device 100 may further include side rails 116a and 116b along both edges of device 100.
• Side rails 116a, 116b serve at least four functions.
• First, side rails 116a, 116b mate within channels provided in the ExpressCard slot to provide a sturdy, precision feel to a user inserting the peripheral device 100 into the card slot and removing device 100 from the slot.
• Side rails 116a, 116b may also prevent the device 100 from being inserted upside-down within the ExpressCard slot.
• a fourth function of side rails 116a and 116b is to defeat the ejector mechanisms conventionally provided in all ExpressCard slots.
• ejector mechanisms include a pushbutton ejector commonly used in older PC Card slots and a so-called "push-push" mechanism where pushing on a back end of a module may secure a module within the ExpressCard slot and, once secured, pushing on the back end of the module again may eject the module from the slot.
• the functions of ejector mechanisms may be incompatible with a peripheral device according to embodiments of the present invention.
• a user may wish to position embodiments of peripheral device 100 within the ExpressCard slot, and leave it there while inserting and removing memory modules which operate with peripheral device 100 (as explained hereinafter).
• Pushing an ejector button or a memory card within the push-push ejector slot may eject not only the memory card but, inconveniently, the peripheral device 100 as well.
• embodiments of the present invention provide "set-it-and- forget-it” functionality to peripheral device 100. That is, a user may insert peripheral device 100 into an ExpressCard slot, and thereafter the user may insert and remove memory cards without any additional actions or attention required by the user to peripheral device 100.
• This functionality is provided by side rails 116a, 116b, which are configured to disable (i.e., render ineffective) ejector mechanisms provided within an ExpressCard slot.
• side rails 116a, 116b are provided with a length sufficient to allow sturdy insertion and removal as well as frictional engagement with the ExpressCard slot, but also terminate short of the front section of device 100.
• side rails 116a, 116b extend from a back portion of the peripheral device 100, but terminate short of the front end of the device 100.
• Conventional ejector mechanisms operate by engaging portions of the front of an ExpressCard memory card. By terminating side rails 116a, 116b short of the front of the device 100, there is no portion of the peripheral device which may be engaged by the ejector mechanisms in a conventional ExpressCard slot.
• both side rails 116a and 116b terminate before the front of peripheral device 100 to defeat the ejector mechanism whether it is located on the left or right side of the card slot.
• the side rail on that side may terminate short of the front of the device, and the side rail on the opposite side may extend all the way to the front of the device in alternative embodiments.
• the side rails may accomplish this functionality by terminating 10mm to 15mm away from the front end of the peripheral device 100. It is understood that the side rails 116a and 116b may terminate a greater or shorter distance from the front end in alternative embodiments.
• FIG. 7 there is shown a high level block diagram of peripheral device 100 coupled via the ExpressCard interface to a host computing platform 134.
• the interior peripheral device 100 includes an integrated memory module 140 capable of transferring data to and from host computing platform 134 via the PCIe bus interface of the ExpressCard slot.
• the interior of peripheral device 100 further includes a reader 142 capable of receiving memory card 120.
• the reader 142 is capable of transferring data between the host computing platform 134 and card 120 via the USB bus interface of the ExpressCard slot.
• the term "memory module” may refer to an integrated semiconductor memory, as in the case of module 140, or a portable semiconductor memory, as in the case of memory card 120.
• Memory card 120 may be any of various known memory card standards having a size capable of fitting within the reader 142.
• the peripheral device 100 is affixed to host computing platform 134 via interface 110 described above, which may be a 26 pin connector. A first set of those pins are dedicated to the PCIe bus interface, and a second, separate set of pins in interface 110 are dedicated to the USB interface.
• peripheral device 100 allows for the exchange of data between host computing platform 134 and memory module 140, as well as host computing platform 134 and memory card 120 via the dual bus interface of the ExpressCard slot.
• memory module 140 may communicate with the host device over the PCIe interface and the memory card 120 may communicate with the host device over the USB interface. As these communications use separate and independent pathways through interface 110, these communications over the PCIe and USB interfaces may occur concurrently.
• Integrated memory module 140 may be located adjacent interface 110 and be electrically connected to the pins of interface 110 located adjacent thereto that are dedicated to the PCIe bus interface.
• reader 142 may be located in a back end of peripheral device 100.
• the pins of interface 110 dedicated to the USB bus may be electrically coupled to reader 142 via electrical leads passing through peripheral device 100, between interface 110 and reader 142, and passing by memory module 140.
• peripheral device 100 includes memory module 140 and card reader 142, both integrated within the peripheral device 100.
• memory module 140 may include a controller such as an ASIC having a microprocessor, RAM, ROM and a flash memory interface for communicating with a nonvolatile flash memory.
• the controller may further include a PCIe interface for interfacing with the PCIe bus as shown.
• reader 142 may include a memory card interface designed to interface with the type of memory card 120 for which reader 142 is configured.
• USB Data may be transferred within the reader 142 between the memory card interface and a USB interface, which is in turn coupled via electrical leads through peripheral device 100 to the USB dedicated portion of interface 110. It is understood that the peripheral device 100 may be configured to operate via the USB interface according to the USB 2.0 specification, the USB 3.0 specification, or any other versions which may now or hereafter be provided.
• Memory card 120 may operate in a manner similar to memory module 140.
• card 120 may include a controller such as an ASIC having a microprocessor, RAM, ROM and a flash memory interface for communicating with a nonvolatile flash memory.
• the controller may further include an interface for interfacing with the memory card reader 142 as shown.
• peripheral device 100 includes an integrated memory module 140 and an integrated card reader 142 for exchanging data with a host computing device 134 via both buses provided by the ExpressCard standard.
• peripheral device 100 may be formed by first and second memory modules, both of which may be inserted and removed from the ExpressCard slot, and which also may be affixed and detached from each other. Such an alternative embodiment is described below with reference to Figs. 9-13.
• peripheral device 100 includes a memory module assembly 150 and a memory card 130.
• Memory module assembly 150 may be identical to the adapter assembly 100 disclosed in U.S.
• adapter assembly 100 in the incorporated application includes an adapter 102 which is simply a pass-through of electrical leads connecting the front and back interfaces.
• the adapter 102 of the incorporated application is replaced with a memory module 152 similar in operation to memory module 140 described above.
• Memory module 152 may include a front interface 154 similar to interface 110 described above, and side rails 156a and 156b similar in function to side rails 116a and 116b described above.
• Memory module 152 may be 45mm in length, 34mm in width and 5mm high to thus fit snugly within the back end of the ExpressCard slot.
• Memory module assembly 150 further includes a back end interface 158 including male connectors for mating with and electrically coupling to one of a variety of memory card formats.
• interface 158 may be configured to mate with a memory card 130 explained hereinafter, having dimensions of 45mm long, 34mm wide and 4mm thick.
• interface 158 may employ a standard connector, such as the connector used in the ExpressCard slot used for 5mm thick memory cards, but which has been modified to be thinner so as to operate with a 4mm thick card.
• the interface 158 may resemble a standard 5mm connector in all other respects, such as the number and type of pin contacts and the contact force established by the pin contacts.
• the memory module assembly 150 may operate with memory cards other than memory card 130, such as for example a CompactFlash memory card, a Secure Digital memory card, or a variety of other standard cards.
• interface 158 may be a standard connector for interfacing with these cards.
• Memory module assembly 150 further includes a tongue 164 affixed to memory module 152.
• the tongue 164 may be formed of a rigid material such as for example metal, plastic or other polymer, and may be the same material as or different from the material of housing 114.
• tongue 164 may have a length of 45mm so as to extend from memory module 152 to the front opening of the ExpressCard slot.
• the width of tongue 164 may be the width of the ExpressCard slot, e.g., 34mm. It is understood that the width of tongue 164 need not extend across the entire width of the ExpressCard slot and may be less than 34mm in further embodiments.
• the thickness of tongue 164 may for example be lmm. As explained hereinafter, a memory card 130 is received within the ExpressCard slot on top of tongue 164. Accordingly, the combined thickness of tongue 164 and the memory card 130 must be less than or equal to the height of an ExpressCard slot, e.g., 5mm. In embodiments where a memory card 130 is provided having a thickness less than 4mm, the thickness of tongue 164 may be greater than lmm. Alternatively, it is understood that tongue 164 may be thinner than lmm in alternative embodiments, with the provision that tongue 164 have sufficient rigidity to transmit an insertion force exerted on grip 166 as explained below.
• Finger grip 166 is affixed to tongue 164 and protrudes from the front opening of the memory card slot when the memory module assembly 150 is fully inserted within the slot. Grip 166 is provided for removal, and, in embodiments, insertion of memory module assembly 150.
• the memory module assembly 150 may be a set-it-and-forget-it device, which does not get displaced upon insertion or removal of a memory card. However, when a user desires, the user may remove the memory module assembly 150 from the ExpressCard slot by grasping the finger grip 166 and manually pulling the memory module assembly 150 out of the slot. Also, as explained above, grip 166 may be held by a user to insert memory module assembly 150 into the fully engaged position within the ExpressCard slot.
• Memory card 130 may be specifically adapted to fit within the ExpressCard slot, attached to a back end of the memory module 152.
• Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing memory module assembly 150 positioned adjacent to a slot 160 of a host device 134.
• Fig. 11 further shows a memory card 130 adjacent memory module assembly 150.
• the memory module assembly 150 and card 130 form a peripheral device 100.
• Memory module assembly 150 may be inserted by itself into slot 160, and thereafter the card 130 inserted into the slot 160.
• memory card 130 may first be joined to memory module assembly 150, and then the memory module assembly 150 and memory card 130 inserted together into ExpressCard slot 160.
• memory module assembly 150 and memory card 130 will now be described with reference to the high level block diagram of Fig. 12.
• memory module 152 may exchange data with host platform 134 via the PCIe bus interface, as explained above with respect to integrated memory module 140.
• Memory card 130 communicates with the host platform 134 through the memory module assembly 150.
• the memory card 130 connects to interface 158 of assembly 150.
• Interface 158 has pins which are dedicated to the USB interface, and coupled to the USB port of the host platform 134 via electrical leads extending between interface 158 and interface 154 at the front of assembly 150.
• the electrical leads extend through a housing 162 (Fig. 9) around memory module 152.
• the memory card 130 may use the USB interface of the ExpressCard slot, through the memory module assembly 150.
• a peripheral device 100 has been described including an integrated memory module 140 and an integrated card reader 142 for receiving a memory card.
• peripheral device 100 may include first and second memory modules, which may be assembled to each other and which may be removably inserted into an ExpressCard slot.
• a peripheral device 100 may include a first integrated memory module permanently affixed within the peripheral device 100, and a second integrated memory module permanently affixed within the peripheral device.
• the first and second integrated memory modules may communicate with the host platform 134 concurrently over respective PCIe and USB interfaces as explained above.
• the present invention discloses an embodiment where memory card 130 operates together with memory module 152 to utilize the two buses of the ExpressCard slot. In such an instance, memory card 130 uses the USB interface. However, it is also contemplated that memory card 130 can operate within ExpressCard slot 160 without memory module 152. In particular, memory card 130 may operate with an adapter assembly 200 (Figs. 14-15), which may be the same as the adapter assembly 100 disclosed in the previously incorporated patent application entitled "Adapter for an ExpressCard Slot.”
• memory card 130 may include a controller capable of identifying when it is affixed to interface 158 of memory module 152, or when it is instead affixed to the adapter assembly 200.
• the controller may affect the exchange of data via the USB interface.
• the controller of memory card 130 senses that card 130 is affixed to the adapter assembly 200, the controller may affect the exchange of data over the PCIe bus interface.
• Memory module 152 may include components as are known in the art and as described above with respect to memory module 140 in Fig. 8. Mainly, memory module 152 may include a controller such as an ASIC having a microprocessor, RAM, ROM and a flash memory interface for communicating with a nonvolatile flash memory. The controller may further include a PCIe interface for interfacing with the PCIe bus as shown.
• a controller such as an ASIC having a microprocessor, RAM, ROM and a flash memory interface for communicating with a nonvolatile flash memory.
• the controller may further include a PCIe interface for interfacing with the PCIe bus as shown.
• Memory card 130 may have components which are similar to memory card 120 described above with respect to Fig. 8. However, in embodiments of the invention, one difference is that memory card 130 may communicate with host platform 134 via either the PCIe bus or the USB bus, depending on whether memory card 130 is operating with the memory module 152 or the adapter assembly 200. Accordingly, memory card 130 may include a USB interface for communicating with the USB port of host device 134 and a PCIe interface for communicating with the PCIe port of host 134. As indicated above, the controller included as part of memory card 130 may determine whether communications are to take place over the USB interface or the PCIe interface.
• embodiments of the present invention may include a pair of adapters operating in conjunction with each other to allow a variety of different standard memory cards to be used within ExpressCard slot 160.
• a memory card 130 may be used within an ExpressCard slot 160 via a memory module assembly 150 or via an adapter assembly as described in the above-referenced Adapter patent application.
• memory card 130 may be replaced by an adapter 180 as explained below.
• Fig. 14 shows a first adapter, adapter assembly 200.
• Adapter assembly 200 is the same as the adapter assembly 100 disclosed in the above-referenced Adapter patent application.
• a memory module assembly 150 as described above may be used.
• the figures indicate this with reference numbers "150/200,” indicating that the assembly shown may either be a memory module assembly 150 or an adapter assembly 200.
• Fig. 14 further shows a second adapter, adapter 180.
• Adapter 180 may have the same form factor and external features as memory card 130. Namely, adapter 180 may have a length of approximately 45mm, a width of approximately 34mm and a height of approximately 4mm.
• Adapter 180 may include a front interface 182 capable of mating with a back interface on memory module assembly 150/adapter assembly 200 (hereinafter "assembly 150/200". Adapter 180 may further include a slot 184 for receiving a memory card, such as memory card 120 described above. A lip 184 may also be provided on adapter 180. Lip 184 functions similar to lip 132 in the above-referenced Adapter patent application to prevent adapter 180 from getting lost within the ExpressCard slot 160 in the absence of adapter 200.
• memory card 120 may be inserted into adapter 180.
• an interface at the front of slot 184 may be electrically coupled to interface 182 of adapter 180 to communicate signals from memory card 120 to the back interface of assembly 150/200.
• Assembly 150/200 may in turn transfer these signals to host computing platform 134.
• memory card 120 is shown inserted into adapter 180 prior to adapter 180 being inserted into assembly 150/200 within the ExpressCard slot 160.
• adapter 180 may be inserted into the ExpressCard slot and mated with assembly 150/200. Thereafter, memory card 120 may be inserted into slot 184 while adapter 180 is seated within the ExpressCard slot.
• the memory card 120 may be formed according to any of a variety of standard card configurations including for example, an SD Card, a Smart Media Card, a Mini SD Card, a Transflash memory card or a Memory Stick, a Pico card, an MMC card and an RS-MMC card. Other devices are contemplated.
• adapter 180 may be coupled to assembly 150/200 while assembly 150/200 is outside of the ExpressCard slot 160. The joined components may then be inserted into the ExpressCard slot 160.
• the memory card 120 in this embodiment may be affixed within adapter 180 either before or after adapter 180 is affixed to assembly 150/200.
• the assembly used is the memory module assembly 150
• the memory module 152 of assembly 150 may communicate over the PCIe bus interface
• memory card 120 may communicate over the USB interface.
• the assembly used is the adapter assembly
• memory card 120 may communicate with the host platform 134 over the PCIe bus interface.
• the memory card 120 may have a controller for determining when the memory module assembly is using the PCIe bus interface, and accordingly direct communications over the USB interface.
• the controller may cause communications to take place over the PCIe bus interface.
• any of various off- the-shelf memory cards may be used within an ExpressCard slot.
• adapter 180 may be used without either of assemblies 150 or 200, within a card slot, other than the ExpressCard slot, sized to receive adapter 180.

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• 2008
  • 2008-06-27 TW TW097124425A patent/TWI475493B/zh active
  • 2008-06-27 KR KR1020107001616A patent/KR20100042628A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2008-06-27 CN CN201510362731.5A patent/CN104951419B/zh active Active
  • 2008-06-27 WO PCT/US2008/068531 patent/WO2009006280A2/en active Application Filing
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