WO2008154793A1 - An elecronic chip heat disspition fan - Google Patents

An elecronic chip heat disspition fan Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008154793A1
WO2008154793A1 PCT/CN2008/000868 CN2008000868W WO2008154793A1 WO 2008154793 A1 WO2008154793 A1 WO 2008154793A1 CN 2008000868 W CN2008000868 W CN 2008000868W WO 2008154793 A1 WO2008154793 A1 WO 2008154793A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
fan
rectifier
motor
electronic chip
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/000868
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Biao Qin
Original Assignee
Biao Qin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biao Qin filed Critical Biao Qin
Publication of WO2008154793A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008154793A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D25/0606Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
    • F04D25/0613Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump the electric motor being of the inside-out type, i.e. the rotor is arranged radially outside a central stator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/007Axial-flow pumps multistage fans
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/64Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of axial pumps
    • F04D29/644Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/646Mounting or removal of fans
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/46Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids
    • H01L23/467Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing gases, e.g. air
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat dissipation technology of an electronic device, in particular, a fan blade diameter on an electronic chip heat sink is not greater than
  • the amount of heat generated by the device also increases.
  • the heat generated by the CPU chip in the computer and the heat generated by the graphics chip have been so large that the size of the heat sink on the computer occupies a very large space.
  • the main problem of reducing the size of the computer to make it compact and compact is to reduce the size of the heat sink to make it compact and compact.
  • the compact and compact way to achieve a heat sink is: Reduce the size of the air convection heat exchanger and reduce the size of the fan.
  • Encrypted convective heat transfer fins using enhanced air convection heat transfer structure, can effectively reduce the size of the air convection heat exchanger, but greatly improve the resistance of air flow. If the wind pressure of the radiator fan is not enough, the amount of air flowing through the heat exchange fins will decrease significantly, and the temperature of the air flowing through the heat exchange fins will rise rapidly, and the temperature difference of air convection heat transfer will decrease, which may result in a decrease in heat dissipation. .
  • the centrifugal fan has a high wind pressure, but the efficiency is low and the air volume is small. The volume of the centrifugal fan of the same air volume is two or three times that of the axial flow type.
  • the fan used for the electronic chip heatsink has a blade diameter of no more than 90mm (the blade diameter referred to herein refers to the diameter at the tip of the blade, also known as the outer diameter of the blade), which is a micro fan and has a lower wind pressure.
  • the blade diameter referred to herein refers to the diameter at the tip of the blade, also known as the outer diameter of the blade
  • measures are now being taken: increase the speed; increase the diameter of the blade.
  • the diameter of the original 65mm is generally increased to 85mm ; the axial dimension of the blade (the thickness of the blade is intended to increase the area of the blade) and the angle of the blade blade are increased.
  • the invention proposes a miniature two-stage axial flow fan for an electronic chip radiator, which aims to increase the wind pressure, reduce the size of the fan, and make it compact and compact.
  • the fan is an axial flow type, and the main components are: a fan blade, a rectifier, a motor, a motor disk and a cover; the motor is a brushless DC motor, wherein the rotor, the stator, the circuit board, the bearing sleeve, Bearings and shafts.
  • the rotor is a ring magnet and the stator is a silicon steel sheet wound with a coil.
  • the invention is characterized in that: two stages of blades are respectively arranged on the driving hub and the driven hub, and a rectifier is arranged between the two pole blades, and the driving wheel hub is sleeved on the rotor; the two-stage blade is driven by a motor, and the shaft is mounted on one end In the axial center of the driving hub, the driven hub is mounted on the other end of the shaft; the stator is fixedly connected to the casing through a bearing sleeve, a motor disk and a rectifier.
  • the two-stage fan blade is superior to the single-stage fan blade: the total area of the fan blade is doubled. Since the hub and all the blades on the wheel are injection molded by a mold, in order to ensure that the punch and the die do not interfere when opening and closing, the axial directions of the two adjacent blades must not overlap, so that all the blade chords are axially oriented. The sum of the directional projections is at most the circumference of the blade. The blade angle and the mounting angle (the angle between the chord and the axis) of the blade are constant, and the sum of the fan blade areas is constant, regardless of the axial width of the blade.
  • the primary fan blade is divided into two stages, the blade angle and the installation angle are unchanged, and the sum of the maximum fan blade areas of the two-stage blade is twice the level of the first stage, that is, the total blade axial width is not
  • the primary fan blade is divided into two levels, and the total area of the fan blade is also doubled, which means that the fan blade drives the air, works for the air, and doubles the ability of the motor to transfer the mechanical energy to the air.
  • the air circumferential sub-speed is consistent with the second-stage fan rotation direction, the air is reduced in speed relative to the second-stage blade, and the angle of attack is also small, so that the second-stage fan blade
  • the work done on the air is small, the air is driven by the second stage, the circumferential speed is further increased, and the spiral motion is stronger.
  • the role of the fan is to maximize the amount of air, that is, to obtain a high axial speed, as high as possible wind pressure (mainly static pressure). If the part of the kinetic energy of the circumferential speed is not converted into the pressure potential energy, the circumferential speed is not useful, but the spiral motion also causes serious flow loss. Only by using a rectifier can the efficient mechanical energy conversion be realized.
  • the fixed installation of the fan relies on the casing, and the bearing sleeve supporting the motor is fixed on the motor disk (or the bearing sleeve and the motor disk are the same plastic piece), and the motor disk is integrated with the casing through the rectifier, and thus, the invention
  • the rectifier not only plays a role in aerodynamics, but also plays a role in supporting the motor.
  • the motor disk in the existing fan is fixedly connected to the cover, and generally four spokes are used.
  • the rectifier occupies up to one-third of the fan's axial width (fan thickness), and the spokes also take up part of the width, that is, as long as the fan thickness is increased a little (rectifier width is wider than the spokes), two-stage fan blades are used.
  • the performance of the fan can be nearly doubled.
  • the two-stage fan blade has a motor drive, and the cost of the fan is increased.
  • 1, 2, and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views of the fan of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic cross-sectional views of a multi-stage fan of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the radial bending of the fan blades.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the radial inclination of the fan blades.
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic features of the fan of the present invention.
  • the stator (2) of the motor is tightly fitted over the bearing sleeve (3), and the bearing sleeve (3) is a bearing (9).
  • One end of the shaft (8) is embedded in The shaft of the drive hub (1), the rotor (4) of the motor is a ring magnet, the drive hub (1) is placed on the rotor (4), the bearing sleeve (3) is fixed on the motor disc (10), and the motor
  • the disk (10) is coaxial, and a circuit board (12) equipped with an electronic device such as a Hall is between the stator (2) and the motor disk (10).
  • These structures are similar to the current miniature axial-flow brushless DC motors, and can be used with existing fan motors, as long as the power is matched. The difference is: the other end of the shaft (8) extends out of the motor disk (10), the driven hub with the fan blade (5)
  • the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator (2) drives the rotor (4) to rotate, and the driving hub (1) sleeved on the rotor (4) drives the blade (5) thereon.
  • the fixed connection, the force of the motor disc (10) is transmitted to the housing (11) via the rectifier (6).
  • the axial width of the motor (mainly the width of the rotor) is increased, but the width of the blade shaft sleeved on the rotor is reduced (divided into two blades), and thus the axial width of the rotor is greater than The fan blades on the top are bigger.
  • the rotor (4) is wider than the upper blade and extends into the root of the rectifier (6), as shown in Figure 1.
  • the part of the rotor (4) should be placed as far as possible in the root of the rectifier (6), but the connection strength between the motor disc (10) and the rectifier (6) must be taken into consideration, and the rotating parts, such as the fan blades ( 5), the drive hub (1), and the rotor (4) and the rectifier (6) and its roots should have a gap, no contact friction.
  • the rectifier (6) and the motor disk (10) are designed as a single component, which is injection molded and injection molded. This helps to ensure that the inner circle of the casing (11) is concentric with the motor disk (10), that is, the fan is guaranteed.
  • the leaf (5) is hooked to the inner circle of the shell, and at the same time, the joint strength of the shell (11) and the motor disc (10) is ensured, the subsequent manufacturing process is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
  • the fan blade (5) on the driving hub (1) is a first-stage air inlet end, and at the other end, that is, an air outlet end, a rectifier (6) is added, and a two-stage rectifier is provided.
  • the outer cover of the second stage fan blade (5) and the outer cover of the air outlet end rectifier (6) are an integral part, which can be injection molded and injection molded, which is different from the fan shown in Fig. 1.
  • the rectifier (6) and its outer cover at the outlet end should be designed as an integral part.
  • the difference between Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is as follows:
  • the bearing sleeve shown in Fig. 2 is the same integral part as the motor disc. It can be injection-molded and injection-molded, which is more conducive to ensuring strength and concentricity.
  • the gap between the fan blade (5) and the inner wall of the outer casing is uniform.
  • the fan shown in Figure 3 is the same as the one shown in Figure 2. The difference is that the fan blade (5) on the driven hub (7) is the first stage air inlet end, and the air outlet end is also provided with a rectifier (6).
  • the drive hub (1) and rotor (4) also extend into the root of the rectifier (6) at the outlet end.
  • FIG. 4 is based on the fan of the present invention, and a fan having a rectifier (6) at the air outlet end is added to the air inlet end thereof, that is, the two independent axial flow fans are superposed.
  • Fig. 5 shows a four-stage axial flow fan, which is composed of two fan stacks of the present invention (shown in Fig. 1), and a rectifier is arranged in the middle.
  • the axial width of the single-stage blade in the fan should be as small as possible.
  • the ratio of the axial width of the single-stage blade to the diameter of the blade should be no more than 0.12. If the wind pressure of the two-stage axial flow fan according to the present invention is insufficient, the three or four stages shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 can be considered, so that a small-sized, high-wind pressure fan design can be obtained, and the high density can be overcome. High wind resistance caused by heat exchange fins and high-strength heat transfer structure ribs.
  • the force of the blade-driven air is proportional to the square of the velocity of the air relative to the blade, and the velocity at the tip of the blade (near the casing (11)) is greater than the velocity at the blade root (near the hub) and thus close to the blade
  • the air at the tip is much closer to the root of the blade, so the wind pressure near the tip of the blade is higher than the blade root, that is, the radial wind pressure distribution of the fan is not uniform. Uneven air pressure will cause uneven air flow in the cooling fins behind the fan, which is not conducive to the effective use of the entire cooling fins.
  • the methods for overcoming the uneven distribution of the radial wind pressure of the fan are as follows: (1) The blade is designed to be twisted in the radial direction to reduce the blade. The angle of attack relative to the air at the tip, because the angle of attack is reduced, the force of the blade acting on the air is reduced; (2) the blade (13) in the blade is designed to bend or tilt in the direction of the radial rotation of the blade As shown in Figures 6 and 7, Figure 6 shows the blade (13) being radially curved, and Figure 7 shows the blade (13) being radially inclined so that the blade (13) acts on the air with a centripetal force. Force, and thus the air will form a directional movement in the centripetal direction, which will help to increase the wind pressure near the root of the blade.
  • designing the blades in the rectifier to bend or tilt in the radial direction can also help to increase the wind pressure at the root of the blade, but the direction of bending or tilting should be opposite to the direction in which the blades rotate, with the blades ( The blade (13) in 5) is bent or tilted in the opposite direction, because after the air leaves the rotating blade (5), there is a circumferential velocity that coincides with the direction of rotation of the blade.
  • the blades in the rectifier are bent or tilted against the direction of rotation of the blades, such that when air flows through the rectifier, the forces acting on the air in the blades of the rectifier create a centripetal force.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

电子芯片散热风扇
技术领域
本发明涉及电子器件的散热技术, 尤其是电子芯片散热器上的、 扇叶直径不大于
90mm的轴流式直流风扇。 背景技术
随着半导体集成电路晶体管数量的增加, 开关频率的提高, 器件 (常称为芯片) 的 发热量也随着增加。 计算机中 CPU芯片的发热量, 以及显卡芯片的发热量己经大到使其 上的散热器的尺寸体积占有非常之大的空间。 缩小计算机体积, 使之小巧、 紧凑的主要 问题是缩小散热器的尺寸, 使其小巧、 紧凑。
实现散热器小巧、 紧凑的途径有: 减小空气对流换热器的尺寸, 减小风扇的尺寸。 加密对流换热肋片, 采用强化空气对流换热结构, 能有效减小空气对流换热器的尺寸, 但大大提高了空气流动的阻力。 如果散热器风扇的风压不够, 将导致流经换热肋片的空 气量显著下降, 流经换热肋片的空气温度迅速上升, 则空气对流换热温差下降, 其结果 可能导致散热量下降。 离心式风扇的风压高, 但效率低、 风量小, 同等风量的离心式风 扇的体积是轴流式的两三倍。
现普遍采用的都是单级轴流式风扇, 极少数有在扇叶后加一级整流器, 叶型的设计 是以通风为目的,追求的是高风量(无风阻情况),风压低。用于电子芯片散热器的风扇, 扇叶直径不大于 90mm (本文中所述的扇叶直径是指扇叶尖处的直径, 也有称为扇叶外 径), 属于微型风扇, 风压更低。 针对不断升高的散热量、 加密肋片, 风阻提高, 现人们 釆取的措施: 加大转速; 加大扇叶直径。 原一般为 65mm的直径加大到 85mm; 增加扇 叶轴向尺寸 (扇叶厚度, 意在增加扇叶面积) 以及扇叶叶型弯角。 这些措施是简单直观 的办法, 没有从空气动力方面深入研究分析, 效果不理想, 还带来其他问题: 加大扇叶 直径, 可以提高风量和风压, 但体积尺寸增大, 噪音、 振动加大; 转速增加, 又有噪音 和电机寿命问题; 增加扇叶厚度, 以及叶型弯角, 有利于提高无风阻时的风量和总压, 但一旦有风阻, 风量将迅速下降, 这是因为空气动力性能差, 空气相对扇叶冲角过大, 气流弯曲过大, 扇叶背面气流分离, 产生漩涡, 空气流动损失迅速增大, 导致静压迅速 下降, 风量也就迅速下降。 发明内容
本发明提出一种用于电子芯片散热器用的微型两级轴流式风扇, 以提高风压、 减小 风扇尺寸, 使之小巧、 紧凑为目的。
本发明所采用的技术方案: 风扇为轴流式, 主要部件有: 扇叶、 整流器、 电机、 电 机盘以及壳罩; 电机为无刷直流电机, 其中有转子、 定子、 电路板、 轴承套、 轴承和轴。 转子为一环形磁铁, 定子为绕有线圈的硅钢片。 本发明的特征在于: 有两级扇叶, 分别 在主动轮毂和从动轮毂上, 两极扇叶之间有整流器, 主动轮毂套在转子上; 两级扇叶由 一个电机驱动, 轴的一头装在主动轮毂的轴心, 从动轮毂装在轴的另一头; 定子通过轴 承套、 电机盘和整流器, 与壳罩固定连接。
两级扇叶比单级扇叶优越: 扇叶总面积提高一倍。 由于轮毂和其上的所有扇叶都是 采用模具一次注塑成型, 为保证凸模和凹模开合时不得有干涉, 两相邻的叶片轴向方向 不得有重叠, 因而所有叶片弦长轴向方向投影长之和最多为扇叶的周长, 叶片的叶型弯 角和安装角 (叶弦与轴线的夹角) 不变, 扇叶面积之和不变, 与扇叶轴向宽度无关。 如 果一级扇叶分成两级, 叶型弯角和安装角不变, 两级扇叶的最大扇叶面积之和是一级的 两倍, 也就是说, 在总的扇叶轴向宽度不变的情况下, 一级扇叶分成两级, 扇叶总面积 也是提高一倍, 意味着扇叶驱动空气, 给空气做功, 将电机的机械能输送到空气的能力 提高了一倍。
仅仅增加扇叶级数还是不够, 必须在两级扇叶之间设置整流器 (整流器就是固定不 动的叶片), 这非常重要, 空气经过第一级扇叶驱动后, 速度提高, 但产生周向分速度, 空气是螺旋运动, 整流器的作用就是减小 (消除) 周向分速度, 空气在整流器通道内减 速, 将速度减小的那部分动能转换成压力势能, 即扩压。 若没有整流器, 第一级扇叶后, 空气周向分速度与第二级扇叶旋转方向一致, 则空气相对第二级扇叶的速度减小, 冲角 也小, 这样第二级扇叶给空气做功也就小, 空气经第二级驱动, 周向分速度进一步提高, 螺旋运动更强烈。 风扇的作用是, 尽可能大的风量, 即得到高的轴向速度, 尽可能高的 风压(主要是静压)。如果不把周向分速度这部分动能转换成压力势能,周向速度没有用, 反而螺旋运动还引起严重的流动损失, 只有采用整流器, 才能实现高效的机械能转换。
风扇的固定安装是依靠壳罩, 支撑电机的轴承套固定在电机盘上 (或轴承套和电机 盘就为同一塑料件), 电机盘通过整流器与壳罩联结成一体, 因而, 本发明中的整流器不 仅起着空气动力方面的作用, 还起着支撑电机的作用。 现有风扇中的电机盘与壳罩固定 连接, 一般都采用 4根辐条。 整流器占用大至三分之一风扇轴向宽度(风扇厚度), 辐条 同样也要占用部分宽度, 也就是说, 只要增大风扇厚度一点 (整流器宽比辐条多出的), 采用两级扇叶, 风扇的性能可以提髙近一倍, 两级扇叶有一台电机驱动, 风扇的成本造 价也就提高了一点。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。 附图说明
图 1、 2、 3是本发明风扇的特征剖面示意图。
图 4、 5是多级本发明风扇的特征剖面示意图。
图 6是表示风扇叶片径向弯曲的特征示意图。
图 7是表示风扇叶片径向倾斜的特征示意图。
图中, 1、 主动轮毂, 2、 定子, 3、 轴承套, 4、 转子, 5、 扇叶, 6、 整流器, 7、 从动轮毂, 8、 轴, 9、 轴承, 10、 电机盘, 11、 壳罩, 12、 电路板, 13、 叶片, 14、 扇 叶旋转方向。 具体实施方式
图 1示出了本发明风扇的基本特征, 电机的定子 (2) 紧配合套在轴承套 (3) 上, 轴承套(3) 内是轴承(9), 轴(8)的一头嵌装在主动轮毂(1)的轴心, 电机的转子(4) 是一个环形磁铁, 主动轮毂(1)套在转子(4)上, 轴承套(3) 固定在电机盘(10)上, 并与电机盘(10)同轴线,装有霍尔等电子器件的电路板(12)在定子(2)和电机盘(10) 之间。 这些结构和现微型轴流式无刷直流电机类似, 可以采用现风扇电机, 只要注意功 率是否匹配。 不同的是: 轴 (8) 的另一头伸出电机盘(10), 带有扇叶 (5) 的从动轮毂
(7)装在该伸出的轴上, 定子(2)产生的旋转磁场, 驱动转子(4)转动, 套在转子(4) 上的主动轮毂 (1) 带动其上的扇叶 (5) 转动, 并通过轴 (8) 驱动从动轮毂 (7) 以及 其上的扇叶 (5) 转动。 主动轮毂 (1) 上的扇叶 (5)和从动轮毂 (7) 上的扇叶 (5) 之 间有整流器(6), 并且整流器(6)将电机盘(10)与壳罩(11) 固定连接, 电机盘(10) 承受的力, 通过整流器 (6) 传递到壳罩 (11) 上。
由于电机输出功率要提高, 电机轴向宽度 (主要是转子的宽) 要增加, 但套在转子 上的扇叶轴上宽减小(被分成两扇叶), 因而, 转子轴向宽比其上的扇叶要大。 为了使风 扇尺寸紧凑, 厚度薄, 转子 (4) 比其上扇叶轴向宽长出部分, 伸到整流器 (6) 根部内, 如图 1种所示。 设计时, 应尽可能将转子 (4) 长出的部分放在整流器 (6) 根部内, 但 必须考虑到电机盘 (10) 与整流器 (6) 的连接强度, 转动的部件, 如扇叶 (5)、 主动轮 毂 (1), 以及转子 (4) 与整流器 (6) 及其根部要留有间隙, 不得有接触摩擦。 将壳罩
(11)、 整流器(6)和电机盘(10) 设计成一整体部件, 采用注塑工艺, 一次注塑成型, 这样有利于保证壳罩 (11) 的内圆与电机盘(10) 同心, 即保证扇叶 (5) 与壳罩内圆的 间隙均勾, 同时又保证壳罩 (11) 与电机盘 (10) 的连接固定强度, 减少后续的制造工 序, 提高生产效率。 图 2所示的本发明风扇, 主动轮毂(1 )上的扇叶 (5 ) 为第一级进风端, 在另一端, 即出风端, 增设有整流器(6), 共有两级整流器, 第二级扇叶 (5 ) 的外罩与出风端整流 器(6) 的外罩为一整体部件, 可采用注塑工艺, 一次注塑成型, 这与图 1所示的风扇不 同。 设计时应将出风端的整流器(6)和其外罩作为一整体部件。 另外, 图 1与图 2的不 同之处还有: 图 2中所示的轴承套与电机盘为同一整体部件, 可采用注塑工艺, 一次注 塑成型,这样更有利于保证强度和同心度,保证扇叶(5 )与外罩内圆壁之间的间隙均匀。
图 3所示风扇和图 2所示的同类, 区别在于: 从动轮毂 (7) 上的扇叶 (5 ) 为第一 级进风端, 出风端也设有整流器 (6), 另外, 主动轮毂 (1 ) 和转子 (4) 也伸入到出风 端的整流器 (6) 的根部内。
为了进一步提高风量和风压, 可以采用增加风扇级数, 如图 4、 5所示。 图 4所示的 风扇, 是在本发明风扇的基础之上, 在其进风口端增加一个出风口端设置有整流器 (6) 的风扇, 也就是说, 由两个独立轴流式风扇叠加成一个三级轴流式风扇; 图 5示出了一 种四级轴流式风扇, 是有两个本发明的 (如图 1所示的) 风扇叠加组成, 中间设置有整 流器。
从空气动力方面以及风扇尺寸紧凑方面来考虑, 风扇中单级扇叶轴向宽度要尽可能 小, 设计时, 应该取单级扇叶轴向宽度和扇叶直径之比不大于 0.12。 如果本发明所述的 两级轴流式风扇的风压不够, 就可考虑图 4或图 5所示的三级或四级, 这样可以得到小 尺寸、 高风压的风扇设计, 克服高密度换热肋片、 高强化换热结构肋片带来的高风阻。
扇叶中的叶片旋转时, 驱动空气, 给空气作功。 叶片驱动空气的作用力与空气相对 于叶片的速度的平方成正比, 扇叶中的叶片尖处 (靠近壳罩 (11 ) 处) 的速度大于叶片 根处(靠近轮毂) 的速度, 因而靠近叶片尖处的空气得到的功比靠近叶片根处的多, 因 而靠近叶片尖处的空气的风压高于叶片根处, 即风扇径向风压分布不均匀。 风压不均匀 会造成风扇后的散热肋片中的空气流量不均匀, 这样不利于有效利用整个散热肋片。
克服风扇径向风压分布不均匀的方法有: (一) 叶片设计成沿径向扭转, 减小叶片 尖处相对空气流动的冲角, 因为冲角减小, 叶片作用于空气的力减小; (二) 扇叶中的 叶片 (13 ) 设计成在径向朝着扇叶转动的方向弯曲或倾斜, 如图 6、 7所示, 图 6示出 叶片 (13 )径向弯曲, 图 7示出叶片 (13 )径向倾斜, 这样可使得叶片 (13 ) 作用于空 气上的力有向心分力, 因而空气会形成有向心方向的分向运动, 这样就有利于提高靠近 叶片根处的风压。 同样的道理, 将整流器中的叶片设计成在径向弯曲或倾斜, 也能有利 于提高靠叶片根处的风压,但是弯曲或倾斜的方向应该反着扇叶旋转的方向,与扇叶(5 ) 中的叶片 (13 ) 的弯曲或倾斜方向相反, 因为空气离开旋转的扇叶 (5 ) 后, 会有与扇 叶旋转方向一致的周向分速度。 整流器中的叶片反着扇叶旋转方向弯曲或倾斜, 则使得 空气流经整流器时, 整流器中的叶片作用于空气上的力会产生有向心分力。

Claims

1、 一种电子芯片散热风扇, 属于扇叶直径不大于 90mm、 用在电子芯片散热器上的 风扇, 包括有: 壳罩 (11)、 扇叶 (5)、 整流器 (6)、 电机和电机盘 (10), 电机为直流 无刷电机, 其中有: 转子(4)、 定子(2)、轴承套(3)、轴承(9)、轴(8)、 电路板(12), 其特征在于: 有两级扇叶(5), 分别在主动轮毂(1)和从动轮毂(7)上, 两级扇叶(5) 之间有整流器 (6); 主动轮毂 (1)套在转子 (4)上, 轴 (8) 的一头装在主动轮毂 (1) 的轴心, 从动轮毂 (7) 装在轴 (8) 的另一头; 定子 (2) 和轴承 (9) 通过轴承套 (3)、 电机盘 (10) 和整流器 (6), 与壳罩 (11) 固定连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的电子芯片散热风扇, 其特征在于: 转子 (4) 有部分伸 入到整流器 (6) 的根部内。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电子芯片散热风扇, 其特征在于: 电机盘 (10) 和 整流器 (6)、 以及壳罩 (11) 为一次注塑成形的整体塑料件。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电子芯片散热风扇, 其特征在于: 在出风端设置有 整流器 (6)。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的电子芯片散热风扇, 其特征在于: 单级扇叶的轴向宽与 扇叶直径的比值不大于 0.12。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电子芯片散热风扇, 其特征在于: 扇叶 (5) 中的 叶片 (13) 朝着扇叶 (5) 转动的方向弯曲或倾斜。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电子芯片散热风扇, 其特征在于: 整流器 (6) 中 的叶片 (13) 反着扇叶 (5) 转动的方向弯曲或倾斜。
PCT/CN2008/000868 2007-06-15 2008-04-28 An elecronic chip heat disspition fan WO2008154793A1 (en)

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CN102200142A (zh) * 2010-03-25 2011-09-28 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 导风罩及风扇装置
CN103671163A (zh) * 2012-09-20 2014-03-26 英业达科技有限公司 风扇模块
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