WO2008145379A1 - Panneau multicouche, notamment de chanvre - Google Patents

Panneau multicouche, notamment de chanvre Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008145379A1
WO2008145379A1 PCT/EP2008/004316 EP2008004316W WO2008145379A1 WO 2008145379 A1 WO2008145379 A1 WO 2008145379A1 EP 2008004316 W EP2008004316 W EP 2008004316W WO 2008145379 A1 WO2008145379 A1 WO 2008145379A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particles
resin
binder
fiber
urea
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/004316
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Udo Schramek
Michael Makas
Uwe Klaus Lange
Original Assignee
Steico Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steico Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Steico Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2008145379A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008145379A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres

Definitions

  • Multilayer material plate in particular of hemp
  • the invention relates to a multilayer material plate made of binders bound by plant particles of natural fibers forming plants, especially hemp.
  • Chipboard of this type have a sufficient strength for the applications mentioned, but are comparatively heavy at an average density of about 600 kg / m 3 .
  • chipboards are constructed in three layers. On both sides of a core layer of comparatively coarse wood shavings, cover layers of fine wood shavings follow.
  • a suitable plate is known from DE-A-100 38 345.
  • hemp shives with a length between 2 and 40 mm and a width between 1 and 5 mm are pressed with a binder of an aqueous resin solution at elevated temperature to plates.
  • a binder of an aqueous resin solution at elevated temperature to plates.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a material plate of renewable raw materials, which combines a relatively low bulk density with high strength.
  • the invention is based on a multilayer material plate made of binder-bound plant particles of natural fibers-forming plants, especially hemp and is characterized by a core layer substantially bound by binder shives particles of the plant, especially hemp shives particles and a cover layer on both sides of the core layer substantially by binder bound fiber particles of the plants, in particular hemp fiber particles.
  • the material plate as a whole has a comparatively low density.
  • Cover layers are essentially only contain fibers, which provide here for a high strength of the material plate.
  • the basis of material plates according to the invention is comparatively rapidly growing plants (yearling plants) with a
  • the material plate is based essentially exclusively on hemp shed particles and hemp fiber particles.
  • the hemp plants are used holistically.
  • the entire utilizable fiber fraction is supplied to the cover layers, while the entire usable shive fraction in the core layer is utilized.
  • the proportion by weight of hemp shed particles is between about 60% and 80% and the weight proportion of hemp fiber particles is between about 20% and 40%. With such a distribution of shares, very good strength values can also be achieved with a comparatively low density.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a multilayer material plate from plant particles of natural fiber-forming plants, in particular hemp and especially a
  • the Faserantei! and the shives portion of the plants are substantially separated from each other and separately processed into particles of spreadable dimensions.
  • the shives particles on the one hand and the fiber particles on the other hand are then mixed separately with binder.
  • the plants are preferably roasted in a manner known per se, before the fiber component is separated from the shive component by likewise known separation methods, for example by means of a rocker.
  • the shives particles have a defined geometry.
  • the shives particles preferably have an elongate shape and are substantially less than 20 mm, but more than 2 mm long.
  • the width of the shives particles should be substantially between 1 mm and 3 mm, the thickness being substantially between 0.1 and 2 mm.
  • Such shives particles can be homogeneously scattered and have a tendency to lay down with their flat side along the plate surface, which benefits the strength of the plate.
  • the fiber particles have a length of less than 25 mm, preferably less than 20 mm. Fiber particles which are between 6 to 12 mm long have proven particularly favorable. However, in order to achieve sufficient strength with a not too high binder content, the fiber particles should be longer than 2 mm.
  • the aforementioned dimensions of the shives particles and the fiber particles denote the dimensions of the majority of these particles. In industrial production such particles follow the distribution of the particle size approximately a bell curve, so that to a certain extent shorter and longer particles will be present.
  • the core particle sheath particles, on the one hand, and the fiber particles of the outer layers, on the other hand, can be bound with the same type of binder, but also with different types of binders.
  • the binder content of the outer layers is higher relative to the dry weight of the fiber particles than the binder content in the core layer, again based on the dry weight of the atro
  • the binder proportions of the layers 3, 5 can also be the same. It has been found to be suitable if the core layer contains 4 to 15 percent by weight of binder, based on the dry weight of the atrophic particles, while the outer layers preferably contain 5 to 15 percent by weight of binder, based on the dry weight of the fiber particles.
  • Suitable binders for the core layer on the one hand and the outer layers on the other hand are, for example, polyisocyanate adhesives (PMDI adhesives) or urea-formaldehyde resins (UF resins) or melamine-urea-formaldehyde resins (MUF resins) or melamine urea Phenol-formaldehyde resins (MUPF resins) or phenolic resins (PF resins).
  • PMDI adhesives polyisocyanate adhesives
  • UF resins urea-formaldehyde resins
  • UMF resins melamine-urea-formaldehyde resins
  • MUPF resins melamine urea Phenol-formaldehyde resins
  • PF resins phenolic resins
  • PU adhesives Polyurethane adhesives
  • PAF resins phenol-urea-formaldehyde resins
  • binders of the core layer are particularly suitable as binders of the core layer
  • thermoplastic binders in particular in the form of binder fibers, may also be used as binders for the cover layers
  • the binder of the core layer or of the cover layers may also comprise combinations of the aforementioned or further types of binder.
  • PMDI is used as binder.
  • Adhesive used. In order to prevent the cover layers in this case from adhering to contacting surfaces of the production line during the manufacturing process, these surfaces are treated with a release agent or additional release layers are applied. As a release agent can on the contacting plant surfaces liquid
  • Release agent for. B. soapy water or the like are sprayed, or it will additionally under the lower cover layer or over the upper cover layer separating layers of binder-free vegetable material, eg. B. applied to the production of the fiber particles or Schwarzben- particles accumulating dust residues.
  • the separating layers can remain on the material plate, but are expediently removed again after the hot pressing of the plate.
  • the fiber particles and, if appropriate, the shives particles are expediently rendered hydrophobic before or during mixing with the binder.
  • the hydrophobing can be done for example with paraffin or other wax.
  • the hydrophobization of the shives particles can be dispensed with if PMDI adhesive is used as the binder of the core layer.
  • the binder is added to the shives particles and the fiber particles in separate mixers. Unless dry binders are used, the particles are subsequently expediently dried in order to improve the throwing power, before the fiber particles and shives particles mixed with the binder are successively scattered by means of three separate spreading machines onto a substrate moving past the spreading machines to form the layer structure ,
  • the pad may be a traveling table, but also an endless conveyor belt or the like.
  • the pressing can be done discontinuously in a conventional manner, for example, in which the pad moves under a flat press die, which compresses the layer structure hot. In continuous pressing, the scattered multi-layer nonwoven under Hot press rolls or be performed between pairs of hot press rollers out. Such pressing devices are known; the invention is not limited to the illustrated devices.
  • the pad and the press die or hot press rolls are sprayed with a release agent, or it is on the pad a binder-free release layer of z.
  • a separating layer of dust-like plant particles can also be sprinkled onto the upper outer layer layer before the multi-layer nonwoven is hot-pressed. It is understood that only one side of the multi-layer nonwoven fabric can be covered with a release layer, while for the other side, the plant provided for hot pressing is treated with release agent.
  • the degree of pressing to which the multilayer web is subjected during the hot press step also determines the bulk density of the finished board.
  • the weighting of the properties of the plate can be determined.
  • the gross density of inventive material plates is preferably in the range between 150 kg / m 3 and 400 kg / m 3 .
  • the material sheet according to the invention has good strength properties with good heat and sound insulation properties.
  • the focus of the properties on the thermal and sound insulation properties while in the upper density range between 250 kg / m 3 and 400 kg / m 3, the focus is on the high strength ,
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a made of hemp material sheet according to the invention and Figure 2 is a schematic flow diagram for explaining the manufacturing process of the material plate.
  • FIG. 1 shows a multilayer material panel 1 with a core layer 3, to which cover layers 5 with a smooth-surfaced outer surface 7 join integrally on both sides.
  • the core layer 3 is formed by elongate hemp shives particles bound together by a binder.
  • the cover layers 5 are formed by hemp fiber particles, which in turn are bound together by a binder.
  • the binders also provide for a firm connection of the layers 3 and 5 with each other.
  • the hemp shed particles are elongated in shape and have a length essentially between 2 to 20 mm, with a width between 1 and 3 mm and a thickness between 0.1 and 2 mm.
  • the hemp fiber particles are because of their throwing power short and have a length between 2 to 20 mm, preferably between 6 and 12 mm.
  • the proportion of hemp shed particles is 60 to 80 percent by weight based on the total weight of the plant components, while the proportion of hemp fiber particles is 40 to 20 percent by weight.
  • the hemp shed particles of the core layer 3 and the hemp fiber particles of the cover layers 5 are bound by one of the following enumerated binders or mixtures thereof: PMDI adhesive, UF resins, MUF resins, MUPF resins or PF resins, wherein as a binder for the hemp hull particles Core layer 3 also PUR adhesives or PUF resin are suitable.
  • the hemp fiber particles of the cover layers 5 can also be bonded to one another by thermoplastic binders, in particular in the form of fibers. Common to the binders described above, that their binding effect is thermally activated.
  • Both the core layer 3 and the cover layers 5 preferably contain PMDI Adhesive as a binder.
  • the material plate 1 has due to the outer hemp fiber particles high stability and strength, while located in the core layer 3 hemp hull particles reduce the density.
  • the plate can be used in particular in the lightweight construction sector, in furniture production, worktops, in trade fair construction or in motor vehicle or caravan construction. Since their surfaces are smooth, the material plate 1 is coatable or paintable.
  • the hemp plants supplied at 9 are first separated in a processing step 11 into a fraction 13 essentially containing the hemp hull particles and a fraction 15 essentially containing the hemp fiber particles.
  • the hemp plants are first preferably roasted to facilitate the separation of fibers and cockroaches and then separated into the two portions 13, 15 by conventional methods such as panting and rocking.
  • the hemp shed particles of fraction 13 are separated in a step 17 by sieving and comminuting into elongated particles of defined geometry and substantially predetermined dimensions with a length between 2 and 20 mm, a width between 1 and 3 mm and a thickness between 0.1 and 2 mm brought.
  • a step 19 15 spreadable staple fibers are cut from the hemp fiber fraction substantially with a length between 2 and 20 mm, preferably 6 to 12 mm.
  • the sized hemp shives particles of step 17 and the sized hemp fiber particles of step 19 are fully fed to the further process so that the newly introduced hemp plants can be used substantially holistically.
  • the sized hemp fiber particles may be rendered hydrophobic, for example, by blending with paraffin in a weight fraction of less than 2 percent by weight.
  • a corresponding hydrophobing step for the dimensioned hemp shed particles can, if hydrophobing is required, be provided at 23.
  • the hydrophobing steps 21, 23 can be omitted if the hydrophobization is achieved otherwise, for example by suitable choice of the binder. Suitable for this is z.
  • B. PMDI adhesive is a omitted if the hydrophobization is achieved otherwise, for example by suitable choice of the binder. Suitable for this is z.
  • the optionally hydrophobized hemp fiber particles are mixed in a mixer 25 with a binder in a weight fraction of preferably 5 to 15 percent by weight based on the dry weight of the hemp fiber particles, while the optionally hydrophobized hemp hull particles in a separate mixer 27 also with binder in a weight ratio of conveniently 4 to 15 percent by weight based on the dry weight of the hemp heam particles.
  • binders for the hemp fiber particles 25 PMDI adhesive and / or UF resins and / or MUF resins and / or MUPF resins or / and PF resins or / and thermoplastic binders are optionally supplied in binder fiber form to the mixer.
  • the mixer 27 is supplied as a binder PMDI adhesives and / or PUR adhesives and / or UF resins and / or MUF resins and / or MUPF resins and / or PF resins and / or PUF resins.
  • the mixers 25, 27 form homogeneous mixtures of the particles and the binders. It is understood that
  • Water repellents of steps 21, 23 may optionally also be supplied together with the binders in the mixers 25, 27.
  • the three layers of the material plate 1 are assigned to each other separate scattering machines 29, 31, 33, which sprinkle the particles mixed with binder sequentially on a along an arrow 35 moving pad 37.
  • the foremost and the rearmost spreaders 29 and 31 are connected to the mixer 25 and scatter the hemp fiber particles of the cover layers 5, while the spreader 31 arranged therebetween is connected to the mixer 27 and the hemp sponge particles to the lower cover layer previously scattered by the spreader 29 aufstreut.
  • the multilayered particle fleece is fed to a pressing device 41, which presses the fleece hot under activation or curing of the binder to the desired density between 150 and 400 kg / m 3 .
  • the base 37 may be, for example, a table movable in the direction of the arrow 35 or an endless conveyor belt or the like.
  • the pressing device may be a discontinuous press. Also suitable are continuous press rolls or the like.
  • the cover layers 3 and the core layer 5 contain PMDI adhesive as a binder.
  • the substrate already containing the binder is applied by means of a device 43 to the substrate 37 with a release agent, e.g. As soap suds sprayed or it is by means of the device 43, a release layer, for. B. from dusty, resulting in the production of hemp fiber particles or hemp shives particulate dust particles scattered.
  • a separating layer of dust-like, binder-free plant particles can also be sprinkled onto the upper covering layer sprinkled by the spreading machine 33 so that the upper covering layer containing PMDI adhesives does not adhere to the upper pressing surface of the pressing device 41. It is understood that the pressing surfaces of the pressing device 41 can alternatively be sprayed with release agent.
  • the hot-pressed material plate can be fed to a cooling zone for cooling.
  • a cooling zone for cooling is an optionally existing packaging machine, which parts the material plate, especially in a continuous production in manageable plate sizes.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un panneau multicouche (1) qui comprend une couche centrale (3) constituée pratiquement de particules de chènevotte liées par des liants, ainsi que respectivement une couche de recouvrement (5) constituée pratiquement de particules de fibres de chanvre liées par des liants de part et d'autre de la couche centrale (3). Un tel panneau (1) se caractérise par une résistance élevée pour une densité apparente comparativement faible.
PCT/EP2008/004316 2007-05-31 2008-05-30 Panneau multicouche, notamment de chanvre WO2008145379A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710025331 DE102007025331A1 (de) 2007-05-31 2007-05-31 Mehrschichtige Werkstoffplatte, insbesondere aus Hanf
DE102007025331.3 2007-05-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008145379A1 true WO2008145379A1 (fr) 2008-12-04

Family

ID=38510935

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/004316 WO2008145379A1 (fr) 2007-05-31 2008-05-30 Panneau multicouche, notamment de chanvre

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102007025331A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008145379A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102218758A (zh) * 2011-04-07 2011-10-19 西南林业大学 一种高强度轻质板材及其制造方法
EP3009551A1 (fr) * 2014-10-17 2016-04-20 Frank Schneider Procede de formation d'un materiau textile a l'aide de chanvre et materiau en fibres composites fabrique a partir dudit materiau textile
US10745563B2 (en) 2017-03-14 2020-08-18 E&K Holdings, Llc Flax straw fiber based building material
CN113573861A (zh) * 2018-10-08 2021-10-29 特里亚斯帕尔姆环保有限公司 来自棕榈植物成分的材料、加工该材料的装置及制造工艺
WO2023102636A1 (fr) * 2021-12-07 2023-06-15 Inca Renewable Technologies Inc. Produits de substitution du bois de type balsa et leurs procédés de préparation

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DE102008004154A1 (de) * 2008-01-14 2009-07-16 Amorim Revestimentos S.A. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer mehrschichtigen Pressplatte
CN102350721B (zh) * 2011-09-28 2014-07-16 浙江农林大学 一种纤维刨花板的制备方法
EP3189950B1 (fr) * 2016-01-11 2018-07-04 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Procede de fabrication d'un panneau en bois en particulier d'un materiau composite plastique/bois
DE102020000702A1 (de) 2020-02-03 2021-08-05 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Konfektionierung von Werkstoffplatten und Verwendung einer Vorrichtung zur Konfektionierung von Werkstoffplatten

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US3632371A (en) * 1970-04-24 1972-01-04 Evans Prod Co Method of making multilayer mat of particulate material
EP0346864A2 (fr) * 1988-06-15 1989-12-20 Glunz Ag Méthode de fabrication des panneaux de fibres de bois multicouches
DE10038345A1 (de) * 2000-08-05 2002-02-14 Platec Plattentechnik Gmbh Platte und Verfahren zum Herstellen der Platte
WO2002012397A2 (fr) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-14 Masonite Corporation Articles composites fibreux et leur procede de fabrication
DE20215951U1 (de) * 2002-10-17 2003-01-16 Bioinnova Verbundbauteile Gmbh, Heiligenkreuz Dämmstoffmatte
WO2003045646A1 (fr) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-05 Sasol Wax Gmbh Procede d'hydrophobation de lignocelluloses lors de la fabrication de materiaux de bois et de materiaux a base de lignocelluloses
US6641909B1 (en) * 1999-05-18 2003-11-04 Alberta Research Council Inc. Hemp hurd composite panels and method of making
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DE10130571A1 (de) * 2001-06-27 2003-01-23 Innopla Gmbh Leichtbauplatten bzw. Leichtbaukörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung
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DE102006006654A1 (de) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-01 Degussa Ag Spezielle Aminoalkylsilanverbindungen als Bindemittel für Verbundwerkstoffe
DE102006006655A1 (de) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-01 Degussa Ag Cellulose- bzw. lignocellulosehaltige Verbundwerkstoffe auf der Basis eines auf Silan basierenden Komposits als Bindemittel
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3632371A (en) * 1970-04-24 1972-01-04 Evans Prod Co Method of making multilayer mat of particulate material
EP0346864A2 (fr) * 1988-06-15 1989-12-20 Glunz Ag Méthode de fabrication des panneaux de fibres de bois multicouches
US6641909B1 (en) * 1999-05-18 2003-11-04 Alberta Research Council Inc. Hemp hurd composite panels and method of making
DE10038345A1 (de) * 2000-08-05 2002-02-14 Platec Plattentechnik Gmbh Platte und Verfahren zum Herstellen der Platte
WO2002012397A2 (fr) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-14 Masonite Corporation Articles composites fibreux et leur procede de fabrication
WO2003045646A1 (fr) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-05 Sasol Wax Gmbh Procede d'hydrophobation de lignocelluloses lors de la fabrication de materiaux de bois et de materiaux a base de lignocelluloses
DE20215951U1 (de) * 2002-10-17 2003-01-16 Bioinnova Verbundbauteile Gmbh, Heiligenkreuz Dämmstoffmatte
FR2868979A1 (fr) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-21 Boris Rutili Procede de fabrication de produit a base de fibres et bois de chanvre

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102218758A (zh) * 2011-04-07 2011-10-19 西南林业大学 一种高强度轻质板材及其制造方法
EP3009551A1 (fr) * 2014-10-17 2016-04-20 Frank Schneider Procede de formation d'un materiau textile a l'aide de chanvre et materiau en fibres composites fabrique a partir dudit materiau textile
US10745563B2 (en) 2017-03-14 2020-08-18 E&K Holdings, Llc Flax straw fiber based building material
CN113573861A (zh) * 2018-10-08 2021-10-29 特里亚斯帕尔姆环保有限公司 来自棕榈植物成分的材料、加工该材料的装置及制造工艺
CN113573861B (zh) * 2018-10-08 2024-02-06 生物资源项目有限公司 来自棕榈植物成分的材料、加工该材料的装置及制造工艺
WO2023102636A1 (fr) * 2021-12-07 2023-06-15 Inca Renewable Technologies Inc. Produits de substitution du bois de type balsa et leurs procédés de préparation

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