Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
  • B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
  • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23B—TURNING; BORING
  • B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
  • B23B29/04—Tool holders for a single cutting tool
  • B23B29/12—Special arrangements on tool holders
  • B23B29/125—Vibratory toolholders
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23B—TURNING; BORING
  • B23B2220/00—Details of turning, boring or drilling processes
  • B23B2220/04—Chamferring
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2220/00—Details of milling processes
  • B23C2220/20—Deburring

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a chamfering device and a chamfering method for a corner portion of a metal material or a metal structural member, and relates to an apparatus and a method for chamfering by impact vibration.
• Metal materials and metal structural members such as steel plates and steel members used as aggregates for bridges, steel frames or shipyards are often subjected to various types of coating before or after assembly, depending on the purpose. Even in the case of hull assembly, it is becoming necessary to apply at least protective coating to steel members.
• the corner portion is chamfered to make the sharp corner portion a curved surface having a smooth curvature.
• a grinding method using a grinder a cutting method using a carbide tip cutter having a curved cutting part, and the like are known.
• Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. SHO 49-59 676 proposes a turn-up device for taking up the remaining rolling after punching or shearing a thin metal plate.
• This device comprises a tool having a jaw piece formed to receive the edge of a sheet metal, and a pinning that acts as a hammer against the edge of the sheet metal. Tool.
• This turn-up device is intended for a thin metal plate.
• the chin piece is the edge of the thin metal plate.
• a peening tool that acts as a hammer as a vibration device is provided in a cylindrical body with a plurality of concave indentations provided on the bottom surface of a hammer that is rotatably inserted around an axis.
• the hard ball placed in the bottom moves in and out along with the axial rotation of the hammer by the electric motor to generate axial vibration, and the vibration causes a table of the sheet thickness direction of the thin metal plate at the jaw piece. It strikes the back side at the same time and removes it.
• Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4 1 2 0 8 2 two sets of two V-shaped rolls facing each other in the horizontal direction across the transfer path of the metal plate material are arranged in parallel in the transfer direction.
• Each roll set is provided with a roll pressurizing mechanism, and an edge roll processing device is disclosed in which the angles of the V-type rolls are different from each other. V-type rolls are applied to both end faces of the metal plate while transferring the metal plate.
• an edge roll processing method in which flat compression processing with different angles is performed stepwise on the upper and lower corners.
• Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6 2-7 7 6 1 6 discloses a vibration source that generates a low-frequency vertical vibration, a molding tool, a transmission unit that transmits the low-frequency vertical vibration to the molding tool, and an elasticity.
• a vibration molding processing apparatus that is composed of an upper mold having a transmission portion that is reciprocally held by a member and the molding tool, and a lower mold that positions and fixes a workpiece. Yes. The workpiece fixed to the lower die is subjected to plastic working such as bending and drawing by low frequency vertical vibration.
• the curvature radius and chamfering width of the surface to be chamfered are adjusted by the skill of the operator, so it is difficult to keep them constant, and also due to the generation of grinding debris and dust accompanying the work.
• the working environment is harsh.
• cutting with a cutlet requires a cost for exchanging inserts and disposing of generated chips in order to maintain a certain level of cutting performance, and the working environment such as generation of cutting dust is not always necessary. There are problems such as not being good.
• the jaw pieces are formed so as to simultaneously contact the front and back corners of the edge of the metal thin plate, that is, the front and back corners.
• the vibration device rotates the hammer shaft with an electric motor, and with this rotation, the steel ball enters and exits into the recess provided at the bottom of the hammer shaft, so that vibration in the axial direction can be obtained.
• the device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 4 1 10 8 2 4 is intended for a metal plate material slitted to a predetermined width, and a metal plate material conveying device or a roll pair with a V-shaped angle changed. It is necessary to prepare multiple stages in the metal plate transport direction, which increases the equipment cost. Another problem is that it cannot be applied to metal plates and structures with complicated shapes.
• the molding apparatus described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6 2-7 7 6 1 6 has a small part such as an electronic component or a machine part fixed to the lower mold, and the upper mold is subjected to vibration by the upper mold. It is intended to perform plastic working such as bending and drawing between the lower die and the lower die, not chamfering metal or structural members.
• Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 3 — 1 1 3 4 1 8 proposes to improve the shape of the toe portion of the welded part, but about chamfering the corner part of the metal member. There is no suggestion.
• An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem and to provide a chamfering apparatus capable of executing a corner portion of a metal material or a metal structural member in an economical, efficient and favorable working environment.
• the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and chamfering is performed by hitting a part of a corner of a metal material or a metal structure member with a vibration terminal having a groove of a predetermined shape at a front end portion.
• the main points are as follows.
• the tip of the vibration device in the vibration direction extends in the direction perpendicular to the vibration direction, and the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the direction of extension has a bottom with a radius of curvature, and has a groove opened on the tip side It has a vibration terminal for chamfering, and a vibration device that vibrates this vibration terminal in the axial direction at a frequency of 10 Hz to 50 kHz and at a power of 0.:! To 4 kW.
• a metal material chamfering device The metal material chamfering apparatus according to (1), wherein an opening angle of the groove of the chamfering vibration terminal is 90 ° ⁇ 10 °.
• the chamfering vibration terminal is a disk-like body that is rotatably supported by the pin holder of the vibration device, and the groove is formed on the outer periphery of the disk-shaped vibration terminal in a cross section in the diameter direction of the disk.
• the metal material chamfering device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the metal material chamfering device is formed so as to open in an outer diameter direction.
• the vibration terminal is vibrated at a frequency of 10 Hz to 50 kHz, and a work of 0.1 to 4 kW is performed.
• a method for chamfering a metal material characterized by chamfering a corner portion of the metal material at a high rate.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an outline of the chamfering apparatus of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of a rod-like chamfering vibration terminal of the chamfering device of the present invention, where (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a side view from the direction in which the groove extends, and (c) is a groove. Side view from the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the
• FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a groove opening angle ⁇ of the rod-shaped chamfering vibration terminal of FIG.
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another example of the rod-shaped chamfering vibration terminal of the chamfering device of the present invention, where (a) is a tip of a square bar and (b) is mounted on a cylinder. This is an example in which a groove is provided in each of the leading end portions of the square portions.
• FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the chamfering vibration terminal of the present invention.
• FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a situation where a corner of a steel member is chamfered using the chamfering apparatus of the present invention.
• Fig. 7 is a side view of the rod-shaped chamfering vibration terminal used in the example from the direction in which the groove extends.
• the radius of curvature of the groove bottom part is (a) is 1.0 mm and (b) is 2. 0 mm and (c) indicate the case of 3.0 mm.
• Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional shape of the steel member sample before and after chamfering in the example, where (a) shows the situation before chamfering and (b) shows the situation after chamfering.
• FIG. 9 is a macro-structure photograph of the cross section of the steel member sample 2 chamfered in the example.
• Fig. 10 is a microstructure photograph of the cross section of the corner of steel member sample 2 chamfered in the example.
• (A) is before chamfering (untreated part),
• (b) is 1 radius of curvature at the bottom of the groove.
• the figure shows the case of chamfering using a 0 mm chamfering vibration terminal.
• Fig. 11 is a micrograph of the cross section of the corner of the steel member sample 2 chamfered in the example.
• (A) is the radius of curvature of the bottom of the groove is 2.0 mm
• (b) is the bottom of the groove.
• the figure shows the case of chamfering using a chamfering terminal with a curvature radius of 3.0 mm.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an outline of the configuration of one example of the chamfering apparatus of the present invention.
• a chamfering device 1 includes a vibration device 2 and a vibration terminal 3 for chamfering (hereinafter referred to as a surface). It is basically composed of
• the vibration device 2 includes an oscillating body 4 including a magnetostrictive core or a piezoelectric element, an oscillating unit 6 having an oscillating coil 5 wound around the oscillating body, and a front part of the oscillating body (hereinafter referred to as vibration of the oscillating body).
• the oscillating portion 6 and the waveguide 7 are accommodated in the cylinder 8, and the waveguide 7 is held by the cylinder 8 via the spring 9.
• a pin holder 10 is provided at the tip of the waveguide 7 protruding forward from the cylindrical body, and the chamfered pin 3 is attached to the waveguide so as to vibrate.
• the chamfering vibrator is attached to the tip side (front side) in the vibration direction of the vibration device.
• a seal 11 is provided in the circumferential gap between the waveguide 7 and the cylinder 8, and a water supply port 1 provided at the rear end of the cylinder 8 through the cooling water pipe 13 from the cooling device 12. 4. Cooling water is supplied to and discharged from the drainage port 1 5 into the cylinder to cool the vibration device 2.
• a handle 16 for chamfering work is attached to the rear end of the cylinder.
• a vibration device such as a pneumatic vibration device or an eccentric motor can be used as the vibration device.
• FIGS. 2 (a) to (d) are diagrams showing the shape of one form of the chamfering vibration terminal of the chamfering device of the present invention, that is, the chamfering pin 3.
• the cylindrical pin (rod-shaped) pin is shown.
• the case is illustrated.
• (A) is a perspective view
• (b) is a side view from the direction in which the groove extends
• (c) is a side view from a direction orthogonal to (b)
• (d) is a top view.
• a groove 20 is formed at the front end of the chamfer pin 3 so as to extend linearly in a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction and open to the tip side in a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction.
• the groove 20 extends in a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction.
• the groove 20 is preferably provided so as to pass through the axial center C of the chamfering pin.
• the groove 20 has a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the direction in which the groove 20 extends and has an opening angle ⁇ that is open at the tip, upward in the figure (V-shaped or concave). Yes.
• the side surface 2 1 of the groove 20 serves as a kind of guide for both side surfaces forming the corner portion 2 7 of the processing target member 19 during chamfering.
• the opening angle ⁇ is preferably adjusted according to the angle of the corner portion 27 of the processing target member.
• the opening angle ⁇ is preferably 90 °.
• the angle of the corner portion to be formed varies depending on the cutting or cutting method of the metal member, it is more preferably 90 ° to 90 ° ⁇ 10 °. If it is less than 80 ° or more than 100 °, it becomes difficult to make the width W c of the chamfered surface uniform as described later.
• the chamfering can be similarly performed by setting the opening angle ⁇ to an angle corresponding to the acute angle or the obtuse angle.
• FIG. 3 shows the opening angle ⁇ of the groove 20.
• This opening angle is symmetric with respect to the surface in the groove extending direction, that is, as shown in FIG. 3, a line passing through the central axis. It is preferable to set the angle ⁇ 2 to the left and right. If the opening angle is asymmetric with respect to the surface in the groove extending direction, it becomes difficult to make the width W c of the chamfered surface uniform.
• the chamfer width (W c) is the distance between both ends of the chamfered surface in a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of a part of the corner, as shown in FIG.
• the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the groove 20 The bottom 22 has a radius of curvature R.
• This radius of curvature R is substantially copied to the cross-sectional shape of the corner portion of the processing target member 19 when chamfering.
• This radius of curvature R can be selected according to the desired chamfered shape of the corner of the material to be processed.
• W c is narrow and sharp, and the effect of chamfering is reduced.On the other hand, if it is too large, the amount of metal to be flowed increases by chamfering work, and there is a large difference around the corner chamfered by the flowing metal. (The difference in thickness between the corner (width W c) chamfered in the cross section perpendicular to the direction in which the corner extends) and the processing time is increased. Absent.
• the radius of curvature is less than 0.5 mm, the chamfering effect is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 5 mm, a large step is likely to be formed near the corner, so the radius of curvature is 0.5. It is preferably about 5 mm. More preferably, it is 1-3 mm.
• FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are perspective views showing other embodiments of the chamfering vibration terminal, that is, the chamfering pin used in the chamfering apparatus of the present invention.
• Figures 4 (a) and (b) are both rod-shaped chamfered pins, (a) is the vibration direction (axial direction) of the prismatic bar, (b) is the vibration direction (axial direction) of the cylindrical rod A square portion 23 is provided at the tip of each of which a linear groove 20 is formed at the tip of the square portion. In the case of these chamfered pins, the strength of the groove can be improved compared to the case of the cylindrical bar in FIG.
• the length of the groove 20 (in the case of a cylindrical rod, its diameter d (see Fig. 3 (d)), and when a square part is provided at the end of a prismatic bar or cylindrical bar, the side of the prismatic bar or square part
• the length 1 (which roughly corresponds to Fig. 4 (a) (b)) is not specifically defined. If the groove is long, the corner is long. Can be chamfered at a time, but the energy to be applied per corner length for a given striking energy from the vibration device is small, so it takes time to obtain a chamfered shape with a predetermined radius of curvature. Cost.
• the length is longer, the contact of the chamfer pin valley with the corner becomes stable, and it becomes easier to obtain a uniform chamfer width W c.
• the groove length is shortened, the impact energy per unit length is conversely increased, so that a chamfered shape having a predetermined radius of curvature can be obtained in a short time, but the predetermined length is set.
• the time required for chamfering is considered to be almost the same as in the above case. If the length is short, contact with the corner tends to be unstable, making it difficult to achieve a uniform chamfer width. It can be selected considering the output of the vibration device, the required radius of curvature of the corner, and the size of the chamfer pin. Preferably, it is 3 to 30 mm.
• the depth t of the groove 20 may be determined in consideration of the chamfer width (W c).
• This chamfer width depends on the radius of curvature R of the chamfer pin, or on the opening angle ⁇ . Therefore, from the viewpoint of the strength of the chamfer pin, the shape (cross section perpendicular to the vibration direction) perpendicular to the axis of the tip of the chamfer pin (diameter d of cylindrical rod, prismatic rod)
• the width W) may be determined in consideration of the appropriateness.
• the axial length h of the chamfered pin is not particularly limited, and may be set in consideration of the length of the holder, the strength of the pin, and workability.
• FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the chamfer pin 3.
• the chamfering pin is a disk-like body, and along the outer periphery of the disk 24, the diametrical cross-sectional shape is opened in the outer diameter direction (to the tip side) of the above-mentioned disk 20 0 have. That is, an annular groove opened in the outer diameter direction is formed.
• the support shaft 26 is passed through a shaft hole 25 provided in the center of the disk body, and the support shaft 26 is connected to the pin ho By being attached to rudder 10, it is supported rotatably.
• the chamfering pin can be rotated while vibrating in the vibration direction. Therefore, the chamfering pin is moved by pushing along the corner of the material to be treated while vibrating, and the chamfering pin is moved. ⁇ Work can be carried out extremely efficiently.
• the groove opening angle ⁇ , the radius of curvature of the groove bottom, etc. may be set in the same manner as in the case of the rod-shaped pin described above.
• the material of the chamfering pin is not particularly limited, but at least the hardness (strength to hit the corner of the material to be treated and deform it)
• H R C hardness 6
• Two or more carbon steels for tools such as S ⁇ ⁇ materials or super hard materials such as W C (carbonized tungsten) are preferred.
• the surface of the groove of the chamfered pin is greatly worn due to friction with the corner portion, it is preferable to perform surface treatment such as surface coating treatment or surface hardening treatment.
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a situation where a part of the corner is chamfered using the chamfering apparatus of the present invention. The operation will be described with reference to FIGS.
• the oscillator 4 is vibrated by the current supplied from the power supply / control unit 17 to the oscillation coil 5 of the vibration device 2 via the cable 18 and the axial direction (vibration direction, see Fig. 1) Vibration is transmitted to the waveguide. This vibration is transmitted to the tip of the waveguide, and the chamfer pin 3 attached to the tip vibrates in the axial direction (vibration direction of the vibration device).
• the groove 20 of the chamfer pin 3 Since the groove 20 of the chamfer pin 3 is formed as described above, the groove of the chamfer pin 3 extends to the corner portion 2 7 of the metal member 19 to be processed as shown in FIG. The direction is the same as the longitudinal direction of the corner And move along the longitudinal direction of the corner 27 while vibrating.
• the chamfering pin strikes the corner portion 27 by the vibration, and the chamfering is performed by causing the metal in this portion to flow laterally.
• a part of the corner is chamfered by a corner portion 28 having a radius of curvature substantially following this radius of curvature. Also, guide both side surfaces of the groove to contact both side surfaces of the corner of the material to be treated so that the center of the bottom of the groove is almost opposite to the top of the corner, and the opening angle extends the groove. Since these are symmetric with respect to the surface in the direction, they are chamfered with a uniform width along the corner.
• the vibration terminal 2 vibrates the chamfering vibration terminal 3 at a frequency of 10 Hz to 50 kHz, and 0.0.0. It is preferable to apply at a work rate of 1 to 4 kW. That is, by vibrating at a frequency of 10 Hz to 50 kHz and chamfering by vibration hammering at a power of 0.01 to 4 kW, the metal in the corners plastically flows, and the corner As the surface is chamfered at the same time, the surface near the corner generates heat, and the chamfering is repeated in a heat-insulating state where this heat is not dissipated. The crystal structure near the corner is refined.
• the reason why the vibration frequency of the chamfering vibration terminal 3 is 1 OHz or more is that if it is less than 10 Hz, a heat insulating effect cannot be obtained when chamfering by impact, and the frequency is 50 kHz or less. This is because industrially applicable ultrasonic frequencies are generally below 50 kHz.
• the power factor of the vibrating terminal 3 is set to 0.0 O l kW or more because the time required for chamfering is too long if it is less than 0.0 1 kW. Therefore, the reason for setting it to 4 kW or less is that even if the chamfering process is performed at a work rate exceeding this, the effect of shortening the time is saturated and the economic efficiency is lowered.
• the chamfered pin is made of SKH material of HRC 6 2 and has a cylindrical bar shape with a diameter of 4.8 mm and a length of 35 mm, and the opening angle of the groove at the tip is 90 °.
• the curvature radius was changed from 1 R to 3 R as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) to (c).
• the three corners of the steel member sample were chamfered with the chamfering pins shown in FIGS.
• Figures 8 (a) and 8 (b) show the correspondence between the chamfering condition (the radius of curvature of the bottom of the chamfering pin used) and the treated corner part.
• the frequency of the vibration device of the chamfering device was 27 kHz and the power was 1.2 kW.
• the radius of curvature of the part of the steel member sample after chamfering and the part of the corner before chamfering (untreated part) were measured.
• Table 1 shows the types of steel member samples, the radius of curvature of the corners before chamfering the steel member samples, and after chamfering with each chamfer pin.
• FIG. 9 a cross-sectional macrostructure photograph after chamfering of steel member sample 2 is shown in Fig. 9, and Miku mouth structure photographs are shown in Figs.
• Fig. 8 (b) corresponds to Fig. 10 (a)
• Fig. 10 (a) is a microstructural photograph of the unprocessed part.
• the corner portion chamfered by the chamfering device of the present invention is In all cases, the crystal structure of the surface layer must be refined I understand. Such a chamfered portion having a smooth shape and a refined crystal structure cannot be obtained by a conventional chamfering method such as conventional grinding or cutting. A chamfer can be obtained.
• a part of the corner of a metal material or a metal structural member can be chamfered using a grinding tool such as a grinder disc or a cutting tip.
• a grinding tool such as a grinder disc or a cutting tip.
• the chamfered surface of the corner is smoothly formed by the bottom portion having the curvature of the vibration terminal, and is difficult to peel off when painted or the like. Further, in the chamfering according to the method of the present invention, the metal crystal structure of the surface of a part of the chamfered corner is refined, so that compared with the corner chamfered by conventional cutting, the corner from the corner It is also possible to reduce the occurrence of fatigue cracks.
• metal material or metal structure member to be chamfered is not limited to steel, but can be applied to stainless steel aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, and the like.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-04-25 KR KR1020097019468A patent/KR101158103B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2008-04-25 WO PCT/JP2008/058446 patent/WO2008136515A1/ja active Application Filing
  • 2008-04-25 CN CN2008800137971A patent/CN101668598B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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