WO2008116433A1 - Procédé et dispositif de suppression d'un courant de palier dans une machine électrique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de suppression d'un courant de palier dans une machine électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008116433A1
WO2008116433A1 PCT/DE2007/000557 DE2007000557W WO2008116433A1 WO 2008116433 A1 WO2008116433 A1 WO 2008116433A1 DE 2007000557 W DE2007000557 W DE 2007000557W WO 2008116433 A1 WO2008116433 A1 WO 2008116433A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
voltage
compensation
evaluation
control unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2007/000557
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Brauer
Jörg HASSEL
Carsten Probol
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/DE2007/000557 priority Critical patent/WO2008116433A1/fr
Priority to DE112007003524T priority patent/DE112007003524A5/de
Publication of WO2008116433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008116433A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/40—Structural association with grounding devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1735—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at only one end of the rotor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for suppressing a bearing current flowing through a bearing of an electrical machine.
  • EDM Electro Discharge Machin
  • grounding brushes between the rotor and the housing are currently used in three-phase drives with power electronic feed. This achieves a grounding of the runner.
  • the grounding brushes are subject to wear, so that the maintenance and repair costs increase.
  • the contact safety of the grounding brushes is not always given, especially in difficult environmental conditions, so that it can lead to the formation of bearing currents and increased bearing wear.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide a method of the type described, which ensures a long life of the bearings used in the electrical machine. This object is achieved by the features of independent claim 1.
  • the method according to the invention is one in which at least one electrical voltage applied to the electrical machine is measured, from the result of the voltage measurement a common-mode voltage is determined the common-mode voltage, a compensation voltage is determined and a component of the electric machine, which is electrically connected to the bearing, is acted upon by the compensation voltage, so that a voltage drop across the bearing bearing voltage is at least partially compensated.
  • the inventive method is characterized by the fact that the bearing currents operating point and plant specific, so in particular state-oriented, are suppressed.
  • the application of the determined in particular on the basis of a state detection compensation voltage to the bearing leads to a substantial compensation of the bearing voltages that would otherwise cause the arc discharges and thus the bearing currents to large values.
  • the remaining residual bearing stresses are too low to still cause arc discharges to any detrimental extent.
  • the bearing voltages which are preferably also measured, even disappear completely due to the compensation.
  • common mode voltage can be easily measured by means of a voltage measurement on at least one winding of the electrical machine, for example by adding the strand voltages detected at the terminals of the winding strands, or by direct measurement of the voltage between the star point of the winding strands and the housing of the electrical machine , or by means of a measurement of the increase of the wave potential of the electric machine, eg via the electric field.
  • Such a common-mode voltage can form, which causes the dangerous load currents due to the parasitic capacitances of the three-phase drive and in conjunction with the sudden voltage changes at the input terminals of the phase windings.
  • the common mode voltage which is easy to measure or to be detected can be used as a measure of the bearing voltages dropping at the bearings and thus also for their compensation.
  • the compensation thus depends, in particular, on a detected current state of the electric machine, for example, an electric motor, namely the current common-mode voltage.
  • the common mode voltage is inverted to determine the compensation voltage and multiplied by a constant factor.
  • the compensation voltage can thus be particularly easily and in particular also electronically, e.g. using a microprocessor or microcontroller. At the same time a very good compensating effect is achieved with a compensation voltage determined in this way.
  • the constant factor or, in particular, also another process parameter during the execution of the method, that is to say in particular online is determined or at least adapted.
  • a feedback is provided for this purpose, so that a control circuit is formed.
  • the constant .Factor or in particular also a different process parameter is determined in advance. Then the compensation method is very fast.
  • the Predetermination of the constant factor can be done, for example, during an initial learning phase. This learning phase can also be carried out during the commissioning of the electrical machine.
  • the loading of the component of the electric machine with the compensation voltage by means of a capacitive coupling takes place.
  • This type of coupling is particularly well suited for feeding voltage to a moving component of the electrical machine, such as a motor. a rotor or a motor shaft.
  • the capacitive coupling is in particular contactless.
  • the bearing voltage prevailing over the bearing or the bearing current flowing through the bearing may be detected and taken into account when determining the compensation voltage.
  • the quality of the compensation can be further improved.
  • the bearing current and the bearing voltage are direct measurement variables which allow immediate monitoring of the conditions in the respective bearing. The detection and, in particular, feedback of these direct measures allow a very rapid response to changes in the state of the bearing.
  • a time curve of the compensation voltage is adapted to a time course of the bearing voltage or the bearing current. This advantageous measure also serves to further improve the quality of compensation. It allows, for example, a reduction of voltage overshoots.
  • special types of bearing current can be prevented particularly efficiently.
  • a frequency-selective compensation can also take place.
  • Another object of the invention is therefore to provide a device of the type described, the ensures a long life of the bearings used in the electrical machine.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a voltage detection unit for measuring at least one voltage applied to a winding of the electric machine and for determining a common-mode voltage based on the measured voltage, an evaluation and control unit connected to the voltage detection unit for determining a compensation voltage based on the common-mode voltage and the evaluation and control unit connected coupling means for acting on a bearing electrically connected to the bearing component of the electric machine with the compensation voltage, so that at least partially compensates a falling over the bearing bearing voltage.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a device for compensating a bearing voltage occurring in an electrical machine in a block diagram representation
  • FIG 2 shows a further embodiment of a device for bearing voltage compensation in a schematic equivalent circuit diagram representation. Corresponding parts are provided in FIG 1 and 2 with the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device 1 for compensating a bearing voltage Ub present at a bearing 2 of an electrical machine.
  • the electric machine designed as an inverter-fed variable-speed electric motor, only a greatly simplified section is shown, namely a motor shaft 3, which is rotatably mounted in an engine casing 4 grounded, for example, by means of the bearing 2 designed as a roller bearing.
  • no bearing insulation is provided. It can however be used optionally.
  • the device 1 contains a voltage detection unit 5, an evaluation and control unit 6 connected thereto with a compensation voltage generator 7 and a coupling unit 8 fed by the compensation voltage generator 7 and coupled to the motor shaft 3.
  • the voltage detection unit 5 is used for metrological determination of a common mode voltage U g i, which is present at a winding of the electric machine not shown in detail.
  • the common-mode voltage U g ⁇ can be measured either directly as one between a star point of the example three-strand winding and the motor housing 4 dropping voltage.
  • the voltage detection unit 5 contains only a voltmeter.
  • the phase voltages U u , U v and U w can be measured at the terminals of the three winding strands. From the measured three voltages, the common-mode voltage U g i can then be determined in a downstream processing step in accordance with the relationship:
  • U_ gl - (1) determine where the voltage values given are each vectors. This is indicated by the underlining of the voltage symbols.
  • the voltage detection unit 5 thus contains three voltage meters and a processing subunit, which may also be designed electronically. According to a further embodiment not shown in detail, the functionality of this processing subunit is taken over by the evaluation and control unit 6.
  • the main function of the evaluation and control unit 6 is to determine from the directly measured or indirectly determined common mode voltage U g i a compensation voltage U kO mp so that they largely compensated for the coupling of the motor shaft 3, the bearing voltage U b and thus the Generation of bearing currents Ib prevented.
  • the bearing voltage U b and also the bearing current I b are not vector variables, but variables which vary with time. They are therefore presented without underlining.
  • the compensation voltage U ko ⁇ tp in the exemplary embodiment shown corresponds to the equation:
  • the coupling factor k co pp e i is either known on the basis of the specification of the coupling unit 8, which is designed capacitively, for example, or it can be estimated taking into account the parasitic components, in particular the parasitic capacitances, of the electrical machine.
  • the weighting factor kg tal is composed of the coupling factor k ko PPEI and the bearing stress factor BVR. It indicates by how much the inverted common-mode voltage U g i is to be amplified in order to obtain the compensation voltage U ko i ⁇ p required under the current conditions.
  • the weighting factor kg total can therefore also be understood as a gain or damping factor. It can be easily determined for an electrical machine equipped with the device 1 and stored in the evaluation and control unit 6.
  • the coupling unit 8 serves omp to their intended target, ie at the bearing 2 to bring the corresponding compensation voltage generated by the compensation voltage generator 7 to the specifications determined in the evaluation and control unit 6 U k. This is done by means of a coupling to the motor shaft 3, which in turn has a low-resistance, good electrical connection to an inner bearing ring of the bearing 2.
  • the coupling unit 8 is formed capacitive in the embodiment, so that it is able to couple the compensation voltage U kom p contactlessly on the rotatable Motorwel- Ie 3.
  • the device 1 according to FIG. 1 also comprises means for online adaptation of the calculation rule for the compensation voltage Ukomp.
  • a sensor unit 9 for the metrological detection of the bearing voltage U b and / or the bearing current Ib which is connected by means of a feedback branch 10 to the evaluation and control unit 6.
  • the sensor unit 9 supplies a measured value of the respectively detected variable to the evaluation and control unit 6.
  • the weighting factor kg can be determined during the current process Operating to be adapted to the current conditions in the camp 2.
  • the device 1 with the sensor unit 9, the feedback branch 10, the evaluation and control unit 6, the coupling unit 8 and the electrical connection via the motor shaft 3 to the bearing 2 also includes a closed loop 11, the control of the detected common mode voltage Ugi is superimposed.
  • the control voltage components 5, evaluation and control unit 6, coupling unit 8 and electrical connection via the motor shaft 3 to the bearing 2 form a control circuit 12.
  • the detection of the common-mode voltage U g ⁇ serves, for example, for "triggering" and coarse setting of the amplitude
  • the additional measured value detection by means of the sensor unit 9 on the other hand serves for fine adjustment.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device 13 for bearing voltage compensation in a schematic equivalent circuit diagram. Compared with the block diagram representation according to FIG. 1, in the substitute circuit diagram according to FIG. 2 simplified schematization is undertaken elsewhere. Thus, the voltage detection unit 5 and partly also the evaluation and control unit 6 are not included in the equivalent circuit diagram according to FIG. Only the compensation voltage generator 7, which is a part of the evaluation and control unit 6, is considered in the equivalent circuit diagram as a voltage source.
  • a stator winding 14 with three each of the phase conductors u, v and w associated winding strands 15, 16 and 17 given again.
  • the inductances contained in the winding strands 15 to 17 symbolize the respective partial windings.
  • the winding strands 15 to 17 are, for example, electrically connected together in a common star point 18. In another embodiment, not shown, the winding strands 15 to 17 may also be connected in delta.
  • the common mode voltage U g ⁇ drops, which can be measured directly at this point by means of the voltage detection unit 5.
  • the line voltages U 11 , U v and U w present at the phase terminals 19, 20 and 21 of the winding strands 15, 16 and 17 can also be measured and used according to equation (1) for determining the common-mode voltage Ugi.
  • the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG 2 includes parasitic capacitances of the electric machine, which play a role in the determination of the coupling factor and the bearing voltage factor BVR and thus the weighting factor k gesaint .
  • These parasitic capacities are Winding housing capacitances C WF between the respective winding strand 15, 16 and 17 and the housing 4 to a winding rotor capacitance C m between the neutral point 18 of the winding 14 and the motor shaft 3, a rotor housing capacitance C RF between the motor shaft 3 and the housing 4, for example, caused by a lubricating film bearing capacity C B and caused by a bearing insulation bearing insulation capacitances C BI .
  • the device 13 effects a similar bearing voltage compensation and thus bearing current suppression as the device 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • the compensation voltage U kOI p is again determined on the basis of the detected common-mode voltage U g i and, accordingly, from the compensation voltage generator. Tor 7 generated.
  • the coupling of the compensation voltage U ko mp on the motor shaft 3 is also capacitive in the device 13 by means of the coupling unit eighth
  • the bearing stress compensation can also be applied to another electrical machine, such as a motor. a generator, are used.
  • the method has been described as an example of a three-phase machine. In principle, however, it may also be provided in a single-phase machine or in a DC machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif (1) permettant de supprimer un courant de palier (Ib) circulant à travers un palier (2) d'une machine électrique. Au moins une tension électrique régnant au niveau d'un enroulement de la machine électrique est mesurée et une tension de mode commun (Ugl) est déterminée à partir du résultat de la mesure de tension. Une tension de compensation (Ukomp) est déterminée à partir de la tension de mode commun (Ugl). Un composant (3) de la machine électrique, en liaison électrique avec le palier (2), est alimenté en tension de compensation (Ukomp), de sorte qu'une chute de la tension de palier (Ub) à travers le palier (2) est au moins partiellement compensée.
PCT/DE2007/000557 2007-03-27 2007-03-27 Procédé et dispositif de suppression d'un courant de palier dans une machine électrique WO2008116433A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2007/000557 WO2008116433A1 (fr) 2007-03-27 2007-03-27 Procédé et dispositif de suppression d'un courant de palier dans une machine électrique
DE112007003524T DE112007003524A5 (de) 2007-03-27 2007-03-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung eines Lagerstroms an einer elektrischen Maschine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2007/000557 WO2008116433A1 (fr) 2007-03-27 2007-03-27 Procédé et dispositif de suppression d'un courant de palier dans une machine électrique

Publications (1)

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WO2008116433A1 true WO2008116433A1 (fr) 2008-10-02

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011107110A1 (fr) * 2010-03-01 2011-09-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de détection précoce de dégâts dans un palier
EP2908411A1 (fr) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit permettant de compenser des courants de paliers d'une machine électrique
WO2018196924A1 (fr) * 2017-04-27 2018-11-01 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Dispositif et procédé pour compenser la tension d'arbre et des courants parasites de palier par contre-réaction capacitive
DE102017011044A1 (de) * 2017-11-29 2019-05-29 Senvion Gmbh Windenergieanlage mit Lagerstromdämpfung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000270520A (ja) * 1999-03-19 2000-09-29 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd 回転機のベアリング電流低減装置
WO2004001927A2 (fr) * 2002-06-25 2003-12-31 International Rectifier Corporation Filtre actif anti-interférences électromagnétiques
DE20301956U1 (de) * 2003-02-07 2004-06-17 Ab Skf Vorrichtung zum Schutz eines Lagers einer Elektromaschine vor einem schädigenden Stromdurchgang
WO2005099071A1 (fr) * 2004-04-05 2005-10-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de compensation pour eviter des courants d'appui nuisibles dans une machine electrique et procede de compensation correspondant

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000270520A (ja) * 1999-03-19 2000-09-29 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd 回転機のベアリング電流低減装置
WO2004001927A2 (fr) * 2002-06-25 2003-12-31 International Rectifier Corporation Filtre actif anti-interférences électromagnétiques
DE20301956U1 (de) * 2003-02-07 2004-06-17 Ab Skf Vorrichtung zum Schutz eines Lagers einer Elektromaschine vor einem schädigenden Stromdurchgang
WO2005099071A1 (fr) * 2004-04-05 2005-10-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de compensation pour eviter des courants d'appui nuisibles dans une machine electrique et procede de compensation correspondant

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011107110A1 (fr) * 2010-03-01 2011-09-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de détection précoce de dégâts dans un palier
CN102782454A (zh) * 2010-03-01 2012-11-14 西门子公司 用于提前识别在轴承内产生的损坏的方法和装置
RU2550500C2 (ru) * 2010-03-01 2015-05-10 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Система и способ для заблаговременного распознавания повреждения в подшипнике
US9605710B2 (en) 2010-03-01 2017-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for the early detection of the development of damage in a bearing
EP2908411A1 (fr) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit permettant de compenser des courants de paliers d'une machine électrique
WO2018196924A1 (fr) * 2017-04-27 2018-11-01 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Dispositif et procédé pour compenser la tension d'arbre et des courants parasites de palier par contre-réaction capacitive
DE102017011044A1 (de) * 2017-11-29 2019-05-29 Senvion Gmbh Windenergieanlage mit Lagerstromdämpfung
EP3492738A1 (fr) * 2017-11-29 2019-06-05 Senvion GmbH Éolienne à atténuation de courant de palier

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Publication number Publication date
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