WO2008101408A1 - Controlling method of electric tool and electric tool carrying out the controlling method - Google Patents
Controlling method of electric tool and electric tool carrying out the controlling method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008101408A1 WO2008101408A1 PCT/CN2008/000345 CN2008000345W WO2008101408A1 WO 2008101408 A1 WO2008101408 A1 WO 2008101408A1 CN 2008000345 W CN2008000345 W CN 2008000345W WO 2008101408 A1 WO2008101408 A1 WO 2008101408A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- power tool
- current
- control signal
- derivative
- preset
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
- B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/147—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for electrically operated wrenches or screwdrivers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
- B23P19/065—Arrangements for torque limiters or torque indicators in screw or nut setting machines
- B23P19/066—Arrangements for torque limiters or torque indicators in screw or nut setting machines by electrical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
- B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
- B25B21/008—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with automatic change-over from high speed-low torque mode to low speed-high torque mode
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of controlling a power tool, and more particularly to a method for controlling a motor speed of an electric screwdriver;
- the present invention also relates to a power tool for performing the above control method, and more particularly to an electric screwdriver for performing the control method. Background technique
- Existing power tools such as electric screwdrivers, supply current through a loaded power source to drive the motor to rotate, thereby rotating the working head to drill the screw into the board.
- Different types of screws have different body diameters or have different head shapes, so that they are drilled into the same board.
- different wood boards have different hardnesses due to different materials. Therefore, the same screws are drilled into different materials of wood boards.
- the user needs to drill the screw to the surface of the workpiece, so that the user needs to pay close attention to the drilling process to control the motor when the head of the screw is close to the surface of the workpiece. Stopped.
- the screw head is prevented from being drilled too deeply into the interior of the board, and on the other hand, the screw head is prevented from being accidentally drilled into the board, and the motor is over-loaded due to excessive resistance.
- the overload protection device can be a mechanical clutch that disengages the working head of the power tool from the motor in the event of the above current overload.
- a power tool using such an overload protection device is usually provided with a torsion cover at the front of the casing, that is, a rotatable cover marked with a plurality of scales. These scales indicate the ultimate torque position at which the power tool operates.
- the torque value of the power tool can be set in advance by rotating the torque cover, that is, when the torque outputted by the power tool reaches or exceeds the preset threshold, the clutch system automatically Start working to disengage the working head of the power tool from the motor.
- the electric screwdriver using the overload protection device may also have a sleeve extending at the front end of the casing, and the front end of the sleeve is substantially flush with the front end of the working head of the electric screwdriver.
- the front end of the sleeve is also attached to the surface of the board, and the screw is further drilled, and the sleeve is pressed by the board to make it touch.
- a clutch mechanism within the housing that disengages the working head from the motor.
- the mechanical clutch structure described above is complicated, complicated to manufacture, and high in cost. Summary of the invention
- the present invention provides a control method of a power tool that automatically ensures that a work piece driven by a work head of the power tool reaches a predetermined position, and that the work piece does not further pass the predetermined position.
- the present invention also provides a power tool for performing the above control method, which has an electronic control unit that prevents a workpiece driven by the work head from further passing the position after reaching a predetermined position.
- a control method of a power tool wherein a power tool is supplied with a current to generate a rotational speed, and the control method comprises the following steps:
- the rotational speed of the power tool is changed according to the control signal.
- the technical solution of the present invention may also be:
- a power tool comprising:
- a control component for detecting a pulse signal on a curve of the second derivative or the higher derivative of the current versus time, thereby generating a control signal to change the rotational speed of the motor.
- the technical solution of the winter invention may also be:
- a control method of a power tool wherein a power tool is supplied with a current to generate a rotational speed, and the control method comprises the following steps:
- the technical solution of the present invention may also be:
- a power tool comprising:
- the motor, ' is used to drive the working head so that the working head has a rotational speed
- D3 for generating a control signal according to the first or second preset first-order derivative value, and d4) for changing a rotational speed of the power tool according to the control signal.
- the present invention automatically detects whether the work piece driven work piece 'has reached the predetermined position by adding an associated electronic control component in the power tool, and performs a corresponding action after detecting that the work piece reaches the predetermined position. , make sure it does not go further beyond the predetermined location. Moreover, since the complicated mechanical clutch structure is not employed, the manufacturing is simple and the cost is reduced.
- Fig. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between current and time during operation of a conventional electric screwdriver.
- Figure 2 is a derivative plot of the current versus time in Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is a derivative plot of the current versus time twice in Figure 1.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the operation of the power tool of the present invention based on the first inventive principle.
- Figure 5 is a graph of current versus time for an electric screw to work, showing the curves for two different currents i l, i2 for two different operating conditions.
- Figure 6 is a derivative curve of the different currents i l and i2 in Fig. 5 after derivation of time.
- Figure 7 is a graph of control signals s l, s2 obtained from the first derivative of the different currents il, i2 versus time in Figure 6.
- Figure 8 is a block diagram showing the operation of the power tool of the present invention based on the second inventive principle.
- Figure 9 is similar to Figure 3, which is the derivative curve of the working current of the electric screwdriver after the second derivation of time.
- Figure 10 is a derivative plot of the current versus time three times in Figure 9.
- Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the operation of the power tool of the present invention based on the third inventive principle. detailed description
- control method of the present invention can be applied to various types of power tools, and the following mainly describes an electric screwdriver as a specific embodiment.
- Figure 1 shows the current versus time curve of an electric screwdriver as shown in Figure 1.
- the electric screwdriver 2 is pressed by a user to drive the work piece 14, which in the present embodiment is a screw that is drilled into a wooden board 16.
- the user's pressing force is substantially close to a constant.
- the letter t indicates the time the screw was drilled into the board and the corresponding position of the screw in the board.
- the letter i indicates the current supplied to the motor of the electric screwdriver and the corresponding load or driving force applied to the motor.
- the curve in Figure 1 includes a first portion A, a second portion K, and a third portion ⁇ .
- the first part of the ⁇ is a rising curve, which indicates the drilling process of the main part of the screw drilled into the wood board.
- the rising curve is basically linear, or may be slightly curved and twisted.
- the second portion K following the first portion A may also be referred to as an inflection point (knee) K.
- the inflection point portion ⁇ is a positive curve change, that is, the inflection point portion ⁇ has an upward sloping abrupt change with respect to the first portion, which indicates that the head of the screw comes into contact with the surface of the wooden board.
- the third portion B which is also a section that is substantially linear, or may have a somewhat curved and tortuous rise curve. But curve B is more than: : Curve A is much steeper.
- the curve in Figure 1 represents the application of an electrical control method of the present invention not be protected apos;
- the third portion of the curve B represents the case of the electric power tool will be very high currents and This causes the head of the screw to be drilled into the board. Therefore, it is necessary to take necessary measures after the inflection point K to avoid the occurrence of the above-mentioned excessive current.
- the present invention is based on the automatic detection of the inflection point K, and then automatically takes appropriate precautions after detection.
- Figure 2 is a graph of the first derivative di/dt of current i versus time t in Figure 1. - wherein the first portion A and the second portion B in Fig. 1 are correspondingly shown as straight lines parallel to the horizontal coordinate axis t, and the second portion K is shown as a sharply rising curve.
- FIG. 2 is a graph of the current derivative i of FIG. 1 after the second derivative d 2 i/dt 2 is obtained for time t.
- the first part A and the second part B in Fig. 1 have become zero after the second derivation, and the second part K is shown as an open parabola, and in the top region of the parabola (including the parabola A specific interval, including the apex, forms a peak signal p.
- a control signal s is generated.
- the threshold value V which is generated only when the peak signal p is positive and numerically greater than a preset threshold V.
- control signal S can also be generated after the current i is first derived from the time t, as in the case of a capacitor, when the first derivative is detected to be greater than a predetermined valve.
- the control signal s is generated after the value.
- Fig. 4 shows a power tool according to the present invention to which the above control method is applied.
- the electric screwdriver 2 includes a work unit 4, a power source 18, and a switch 20.
- the working component 4 includes a motor 6 for driving a working head 8 to rotate a screw 14 into the board 16.
- the motor 6 to the working head 14 are sequentially connected to the clutch system 12 and a chuck 10 via a mechanical spring.
- the clutch system can also be omitted.
- the power source 18 is a direct current power source or a rechargeable battery, and the motor 6 can be supplied with direct current when the switch 20 is closed.
- the DC power source in the present embodiment with an AC power source.
- the electric screwdriver further includes a first derivation unit 26 and a second derivation unit 28.
- the sensor 24 detects the current i supplied to the motor in real time, and generates a signal proportional to the detected current and transmits it to the first derivation unit 26; then the first derivation unit 26 is based on the current and time.
- the first derivative di/dt as shown in FIG. 2 is obtained, and a signal proportional to the first derivative is generated and further transmitted to the second derivation unit 28; subsequently, the second derivation unit 28 obtains The second derivative, as shown in FIG.
- the control signal s is generated.
- the control signal s is used to reduce the rotational speed of the motor or to interrupt the supply of power to the motor. That is, the control signal s is used to reduce the current i supplied to the motor to a lower level or to zero, thereby reducing the speed of the motor or stopping the motor.
- the control signal s can also be used to change the direction of the current i so that the motor 6 can be quickly stopped.
- control signal s is transmitted to the electronic control device 22, and then the electronic control device 22 performs corresponding actions, which may be generated immediately after the peak signal p is generated, or may be delayed after a period of time.
- the delay may be implemented in the electronic control unit 22 or may be implemented by a single, uniquely arranged delay unit.
- the electronic control circuit of Figure 4 can include a transistor switch to disconnect the current supplied to the motor.
- the electronic control unit 22 may include a microprocessor, and the functions implemented by the first derivation unit 26, the second derivation unit 28, or the delay unit that may exist may be cured by Instructions within the processor are executed. That is, the entire electronic control unit 22 can be A microprocessor.
- the current i supplied to the motor 6 can be measured over successive time intervals At, and these successive time intervals At can be the same.
- the detected current i is then digitized, and the first derivative di/dt of the electrical pairing time in two consecutive time intervals is respectively obtained, and then the two first derivatives are compared; if the comparison results indicate that the two are basically Not identical (corresponding to the secondary derivation in the previous embodiment), meaning that the head of the screw has reached the surface of the board 16, and then the aforementioned control signal s is generated.
- the above embodiment automatically detects whether the work head driven work piece has reached the predetermined position by adding an associated electronic control component in the power tool, and performs a corresponding action after detecting that the work piece reaches the predetermined position, ensuring that it does not further pass The predetermined location.
- Figure 5 shows the current i of the motor as a function of time t.
- the current i of the motor is a direct current supplied to the motor by an electric screwdriver when driving a working head.
- the figure shows the two current curves A1 and A2 detected.
- the current for detecting and processing the motor is performed by the principle of the clock pulse, which is a technique well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described again.
- Figure 6 shows the corresponding first derivative curve of the current curves A1 and A2 after one derivation.
- the first curve A1 is related to a relatively soft material workpiece, such as a wooden board, or a relatively small screw; and the second curve A2 is related to a relatively hard material workpiece, or a relatively large screw.
- control component 22 shown in Figure 8
- microprocessor may also include a microprocessor.
- the motor current il is collected.
- a threshold value is stored in advance, which is called a first threshold value P l .
- the microprocessor will assign a first preset first-order derivative value ql; if il ⁇ 5A, the microprocessor will assign a second preset first-order derivative value q2.
- the first and second predetermined first-order derivative values ql, ql described above are all pre-stored in the microprocessor.
- the motor current value il is lower than the first threshold value P1 at the time point T1
- the first preset first-order derivative value ql is selected, and conversely, if the motor current value il is at the time point T1 Above the first threshold PI, then the second predetermined first derivative q2 will be selected.
- Fig. 6 the corresponding first-order derivative curves of the currents corresponding to the curves A1 and A2 are shown as al and a2, respectively.
- the sharp rise of the curves al and a2 in Fig. 6 corresponds to the abrupt curved sections of the curves A1 and A2 in Fig. 5, that is, the inflection points K1 and K2 of the curves A1 and A2.
- the inflection points K1 and ⁇ 2 indicate that the head of the screw comes into contact with the surface of the board.
- These inflection points K1 and ⁇ 2 are used in the microprocessor to generate control signals si and s2, respectively (as shown in Figure 7).
- the preset first-order derivative values ql and q2 are located in the rapid rise of the curves al and a2, respectively.
- the first control signal si at the time point t1 is slightly Processor generated. If it is determined that the second curve A2 is selected according to the detection at the time point T1, when the first derivative value di/dt reaches the second predetermined first-order derivative value q2, the second control signal s2 located at the time point t2 is generate.
- the rotational speed of the DC motor of the power tool is reduced or even stopped.
- the microprocessor At the preset time T1, for example 1 or 2 seconds after starting the motor, the microprocessor reads the motor current i. If the working head is a small screw and/or the workpiece is a softer material, the operating current i is relatively small, and the current varies with time as the first curve 'Al' in Figure 5.
- the current collected at time T1 is the first current il, which can be about 3A.
- the microprocessor selects the first-order derivative value ql (pre-stored therein) to the first derivative of current versus time di/ Dt for comparison.
- the microprocessor selects the second-order derivative value q2 (pre-stored therein;).
- the motor speed is controlled by the generated second control signal s2 to slow down.
- the motor current i at the preset time point T1 is also collected.
- the microprocessor determines whether the value of the current i detected at T1 is lower than a preset first threshold P1, such as the current value il in the above embodiment, or whether it is higher than the preset first.
- the threshold P l is lower than the preset second threshold P2, such as the current value i2 in the above embodiment. If the detected current value is il, the first curve A1 is assigned to a preset first-order derivative value ql; if the detected current value is i2, the second curve A2 is assigned to a larger one.
- the first derivative di/dt at the inflection points K1, ⁇ 2 is again used by the $ ⁇ ® to generate the corresponding control signals sl, s2.
- the microprocessor will also use the third threshold P3 preset in it (eg Figure 5) and the third first derivative value q3 (as shown in Figure 6). It should be noted that these thresholds P1, P2, P3 and these first-order derivative values ql, q2, q3 are pre-stored in the microprocessor for different current values detected at the preset time point T1. Il, i2, i3 are individually awake. Of course, more thresholds P and first derivative values q can be used as appropriate.
- width values P and first derivative values q may be through a series of tests (e.g., different test ': specifications of screws of different materials on the work piece or specifications) obtained in advance and stored in the microprocessor; vessel.
- the electric power tool 2 shown in Fig. 8 for example, an electric screwdriver, operates using the above-described embodiment based on the second invention. Among them, most of the elements are the same as or similar to the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, so the same reference numerals are used for these elements.
- the working assembly 4 of the electric screwdriver shown on the right side of Fig. 8 includes a DC motor 6 for driving the work head 8 held on the tool chuck 10.
- the tool chuck 10 and the motor 6 are coupled to the clutch system 12 by a mechanical spring.
- the working head 8 is used to rotate a screw 14 to screw it into the board 16 .
- the power source 18 is a DC power source and can be a rechargeable battery that supplies the motor 6 DC current i when the trigger switch 20 is closed.
- An electronic control unit 22 and a sensor 24 for detecting current are connected between the power source 18 and the motor 6.
- the current sensor 24 detects the current supplied to the motor in real time, and generates a signal proportional to the detected current and transmits it to the derivation unit 26.
- Derivation unit 26 then generates a signal that is proportional to the first derivative of the current versus time di/dt.
- the output of the derivation unit 26 is coupled to an input of a storage and processing unit 32.
- the storage and processing unit 32 stores, as described in the first embodiment above, a single threshold P 1 and first and second first derivative values q1 and q2. At the preset time point T1, if the current il is lower than the threshold P1, the storage and processing unit 32 selects the first-order derivative value ql; if the current i2 is higher than the threshold PI, then the storage and processing unit 32 selects the second first derivative value q2. The second derivative value q2 is greater than the first-order derivative value ql. When the first derivative di/dt reaches the first or second predetermined first-order derivative value ql or q2, the storage and processing unit 32 generates a control signal si or s2 accordingly. At this point, the head of the screw has reached the surface of the board.
- the storage and processing unit 32 communicates the control signal si or s2 to the electronic control unit 22.
- the electronic control unit 22 is for reducing or disconnecting the power supplied to the motor 6. That is, the control signal si or s2 is used to reduce the current i supplied to the motor to zero or a lower value to cause the motor to stall or the rotational speed to be substantially zero.
- the control signal s is achieved by the electronic control circuit 30 for this purpose.
- the deceleration control of the motor can be performed immediately after the generation of the pulse signal p, or it can be performed after a specific time delay.
- the control signal si or s2 can also be used to change the direction of the current i, so that the motor is quickly stopped.
- the electronic control device may comprise a microprocessor, the derivation unit 26, the storage and processing unit 32, the electronic control circuit 30, or a delay unit (not shown) for delaying the control signal s.
- This can be performed by instructions that are solidified within the microprocessor. That is, the electronic control unit 22 can be replaced by a microprocessor.
- Figure 9-1 shows the third inventive principle of the control method and the power tool of the present invention, which is based on the principle of the first invention shown in Figure 4, therefore, only the differences between the two are explained below.
- the third inventive principle uses a third derivation of current versus time to reduce the rotational speed of the power tool 2.
- Figure 9 is a representation of a secondary derivation curve of current versus time, which has been shown in Figure 3.
- the third derivative d 3 i/dt 3 of current versus time is further obtained.
- the control signal s is generated. The control signal s is then used to reduce the rotational speed of the power tool 2.
- the signal output by the secondary derivation unit 28 is passed to the third derivation unit 34, and then the third derivative d 3 i/dt 3 is generated.
- the third derivation unit outputs a signal
- a positive pulse value pi is input to the electronic control circuit 30, which is regarded as the control signal s.
- the control signal s causes the direct current i supplied to the motor 6 to be reduced or even completely turned off.
- the storage and processing unit 32 may store the first derivative value q2 therein, or may include a number of first derivative values ql, q2, q3 qn and a plurality of thresholds.
- P l, P2, P3 Pn are processed.
- the steps illustrated in Figures 5-8 and the protective device also have a fast and reliable response after the head of the screw 14 reaches the surface of the board 16.
- the protection device is all realized electronically.
- the first derivative, the second derivative or the higher derivative mentioned in the above embodiments are not limited to the derivative definition in purely mathematical sense, but may also include a simple equivalent based on the derivative principle in practical engineering applications.
- the first derivative can also be expressed as a current change ⁇ in a continuous time interval At, that is, Ai/At.
- Similar equivalent transformations to the second or higher derivatives are included within the meaning of the derivatives in the present invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
- Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08706520.7A EP2128734B1 (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | Controlling method of electric tool and electric tool carrying out the controlling method |
US12/527,018 US8881842B2 (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | Controlling method of electric tool and electric tool carrying out the controlling method |
JP2009549761A JP2010517804A (ja) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | 電気工具の制御方法及びこれを実行する電気工具 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN 200710020155 CN101247100B (zh) | 2007-02-16 | 2007-02-16 | 电动工具的控制方法及应用该控制方法的电动工具 |
CN200710020155.1 | 2007-02-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008101408A1 true WO2008101408A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
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ID=39709629
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/CN2008/000345 WO2008101408A1 (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | Controlling method of electric tool and electric tool carrying out the controlling method |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8881842B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2128734B1 (zh) |
JP (3) | JP2010517804A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101247100B (zh) |
TW (1) | TW200838101A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2008101408A1 (zh) |
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US9908182B2 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2018-03-06 | Black & Decker Inc. | Remote programming of a power tool |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2128734A1 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
EP2128734A4 (en) | 2013-11-13 |
US8881842B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 |
JP2015027733A (ja) | 2015-02-12 |
JP2010517804A (ja) | 2010-05-27 |
TWI335703B (zh) | 2011-01-01 |
US20100089600A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
EP2128734B1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
JP2013176840A (ja) | 2013-09-09 |
CN101247100B (zh) | 2012-01-25 |
CN101247100A (zh) | 2008-08-20 |
TW200838101A (en) | 2008-09-16 |
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