WO2008100182A1 - Procédé de conversion d'énergie chimique en énergie électrique et dispositif de conversion - Google Patents

Procédé de conversion d'énergie chimique en énergie électrique et dispositif de conversion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008100182A1
WO2008100182A1 PCT/RU2008/000080 RU2008000080W WO2008100182A1 WO 2008100182 A1 WO2008100182 A1 WO 2008100182A1 RU 2008000080 W RU2008000080 W RU 2008000080W WO 2008100182 A1 WO2008100182 A1 WO 2008100182A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
electrolyte
load
fuel cell
activating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2008/000080
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Anatoli Ivanovich Mamaev
Vera Aleksandrovna Mamaeva
Valerii Nicolaevich Borikov
Original Assignee
Anatoli Ivanovich Mamaev
Vera Aleksandrovna Mamaeva
Valerii Nicolaevich Borikov
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Anatoli Ivanovich Mamaev, Vera Aleksandrovna Mamaeva, Valerii Nicolaevich Borikov filed Critical Anatoli Ivanovich Mamaev
Publication of WO2008100182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008100182A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electrochemical converters, mainly to fuel cells that convert the chemical energy of a fuel into electrical energy.
  • a known method of starting a low-temperature battery of fuel cells including charging with electrolyte, supplying working gases, heating the electrolyte, turning on the load, while heating the electrolyte is carried out after filling the battery with electrolyte, and by connecting an external AC source to the power terminals of the battery with its subsequent disconnection, and the load take the nominal [SU 511772 A1. 1995].
  • electrolyte you can use an aqueous solution of salts or acids or alkalis.
  • fuel you can use any organic substances that can participate in the redox process, for example, benzene, toluene and other hydrocarbon compounds. It is desirable that a membrane be used to form the interface between the liquid fuel and the electrolyte.
  • Electrochemical transducers typically have an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte.
  • a typical example of an electrochemical converter is a fuel cell.
  • a conventional fuel cell contains one electrolyte (oxidizer), which is separated by two electrodes, one of which is an oxidizing one, which forms the first interface: an electrode is an oxidizer (electrolyte) and a second electrode forms an interface with an electrolyte that is in contact with the fuel at the same time.
  • oxidizer electrolyte
  • electrolyte electrolyte
  • Cyclic current-voltage dependences on a consumable electrode made of aluminum and magnesium are shown in Fig.6. Cyclic current-voltage dependences obtained at the interface: various aqueous electrolyte solutions and organic liquid are shown in Fig. 7 (a and b).
  • the proposed device allows the transfer of the received useful energy to the load and the formation of activating pulses, both the initial one, supplied from the power source (pulse generator), and the subsequent ones (the unit for generating and supplying activating pulses generates the frequency, duration and amplitude of the pulses). If it is necessary to stop processes, occurring in the fuel cell, turn off the supply of activating pulses. In this case, the fuel cell stops generating electrical energy. Before applying current to the load, it is possible to accumulate energy and pre-smooth (rectify) the current, so the device in its specific design must contain means for accumulating and smoothing the current before applying it to the load.
  • Figure 2 shows a variant of a fuel cell that includes a housing 1, a cathode 2 and an anode 5, both located in the electrolyte 3.
  • the anode is used as fuel.
  • a voltage pulse generated by a pulsed power supply 13 or a pulse generated by drive 15 through a unit for generating and supplying activating pulses 14 is applied to electrodes 2 and 5.
  • the frequency, duration and amplitude of the pulses is set by block 14.
  • the order of inclusion of the blocks 13, 14, 15 and 17 and the load sensor 16 is determined by the control unit 18.
  • a diagram of the sequence of voltage pulses is shown in graph a) of Fig. 8.
  • Voltage pulses have a trapezoidal shape with an amplitude of up to 4000 V, pulse frequency of 50 Hz, due to the initial pulse (supplied from a switching power supply), the interface (in this example, membrane 4) is activated (polarized): fuel 6 is an aqueous electrolyte solution 3.
  • Current consumption diagram corresponding to the supplied voltage pulses is shown in graph c) of FIG. 8.
  • the phase boundary is activated and an oxidizing agent is accumulated, for example, oxygen ions from water, which interact with the fuel and produce electrical energy, i.e. current-forming reactions begin at the interface and fuel 6 is burned (oxidized), and at this moment the load is disconnected.
  • Pumps 11, 8 and filters 12, 9 operate continuously or periodically, ensuring the purification of fuel and oxidizer.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des convertisseurs électrochimiques et notamment des piles à combustible transformant l'énergie chimique du carburant en énergie électrique. Elle permet d'obtenir un processus commandé de formation d'un oxydant à l'endroit du contact du combustible et de l'électrolyte, ce qui permet en tant que combustible n'importe quelles substances participant au processus de réduction / d'oxydation, par exemple, des métaux, des substances organiques, des gaz liquéfiés, et d'optimiser la quantité d'énergie utile libérée. L'invention permet également d'assurer la sécurité d'exploitation de piles à combustible. L'invention assure le contact du combustible et de l'électrolyte de manière à former une frontière de séparation dans le corps de la pile à combustible ainsi que le contact du combustible et de l'électrolyte; on assure la polarisation haute tension de la frontière de séparation grâce à l'envoi aux électrodes d'impulsions d'activation de tension afin d'initier l'oxydation (la combustion) de combustible; on utilise un électrolyte qui, avant que les impulsions d'activation ne soient envoyées, ne constitue pas un oxydant par rapport au combustible.
PCT/RU2008/000080 2007-02-13 2008-02-12 Procédé de conversion d'énergie chimique en énergie électrique et dispositif de conversion WO2008100182A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2007105472/09A RU2330353C1 (ru) 2007-02-13 2007-02-13 Способ мамаева а.и. преобразования химической энергии в электрическую энергию и устройство для его осуществления
RU2007105472 2007-02-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008100182A1 true WO2008100182A1 (fr) 2008-08-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2008/000080 WO2008100182A1 (fr) 2007-02-13 2008-02-12 Procédé de conversion d'énergie chimique en énergie électrique et dispositif de conversion

Country Status (2)

Country Link
RU (1) RU2330353C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008100182A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106356543A (zh) * 2016-12-01 2017-01-25 安徽师范大学 燃料电池
CN109860681A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2019-06-07 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 一种电化学装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111648931A (zh) * 2019-06-03 2020-09-11 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 一种化学发动机

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU511772A1 (ru) * 1974-12-27 1995-02-20 В.Н. Андрианов Способ запуска низкотемпературной батареи топливных элементов
EP0701294A1 (fr) * 1994-06-16 1996-03-13 British Gas plc Procédé pour faire fonctionner une pile à combustible
DE19710819C1 (de) * 1997-03-15 1998-04-02 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Brennstoffzelle mit pulsförmig verändertem Anodenpotential
JP2000233905A (ja) * 1999-02-17 2000-08-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 一酸化炭素を含む水素ガス中の一酸化炭素濃度を低減する装置およびそれを用いた燃料電池発電システム
WO2001080340A1 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2001-10-25 Vodafone Ag Circuiterie permettant de generer des impulsions de tension et d"imprimer les impulsions de tension sur une cellule a combustible et dispositif de pile a combustible

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU511772A1 (ru) * 1974-12-27 1995-02-20 В.Н. Андрианов Способ запуска низкотемпературной батареи топливных элементов
EP0701294A1 (fr) * 1994-06-16 1996-03-13 British Gas plc Procédé pour faire fonctionner une pile à combustible
DE19710819C1 (de) * 1997-03-15 1998-04-02 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Brennstoffzelle mit pulsförmig verändertem Anodenpotential
JP2000233905A (ja) * 1999-02-17 2000-08-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 一酸化炭素を含む水素ガス中の一酸化炭素濃度を低減する装置およびそれを用いた燃料電池発電システム
WO2001080340A1 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2001-10-25 Vodafone Ag Circuiterie permettant de generer des impulsions de tension et d"imprimer les impulsions de tension sur une cellule a combustible et dispositif de pile a combustible

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106356543A (zh) * 2016-12-01 2017-01-25 安徽师范大学 燃料电池
CN106356543B (zh) * 2016-12-01 2023-08-01 安徽师范大学 燃料电池
CN109860681A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2019-06-07 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 一种电化学装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2330353C1 (ru) 2008-07-27

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