WO2008081000A1 - Procédé et système d'acquisition d'images pour l'enregistrement achromatisé d'images d'objets - Google Patents

Procédé et système d'acquisition d'images pour l'enregistrement achromatisé d'images d'objets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008081000A1
WO2008081000A1 PCT/EP2008/000007 EP2008000007W WO2008081000A1 WO 2008081000 A1 WO2008081000 A1 WO 2008081000A1 EP 2008000007 W EP2008000007 W EP 2008000007W WO 2008081000 A1 WO2008081000 A1 WO 2008081000A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
lens
acquisition system
image acquisition
wavelength
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/000007
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Wippermann
Peter Schreiber
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. filed Critical Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Publication of WO2008081000A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008081000A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G06T5/80—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B13/00—Viewfinders; Focusing aids for cameras; Means for focusing for cameras; Autofocus systems for cameras
    • G03B13/32—Means for focusing
    • G03B13/34—Power focusing
    • G03B13/36—Autofocus systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B3/00—Focusing arrangements of general interest for cameras, projectors or printers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B33/00—Colour photography, other than mere exposure or projection of a colour film
    • G03B33/08—Sequential recording or projection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/50—Image enhancement or restoration by the use of more than one image, e.g. averaging, subtraction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
    • H04N1/56—Processing of colour picture signals
    • H04N1/58—Edge or detail enhancement; Noise or error suppression, e.g. colour misregistration correction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
    • H04N25/61—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise the noise originating only from the lens unit, e.g. flare, shading, vignetting or "cos4"
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
    • G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/10—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof for transforming different wavelengths into image signals
    • H04N25/11—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics
    • H04N25/13—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics characterised by the spectral characteristics of the filter elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for achromati- sized image acquisition of objects by sequential images of individual images for different wavelength ranges.
  • the invention likewise relates to an imaging system suitable for this purpose, having an objective, an image sensor for the sequential recording of images for different wavelength ranges and an electronic or software-supported image post-processing unit.
  • chromatic aberrations Due to the dispersive properties of glass and plastic materials that are used in camera objective ', chromatic aberrations occur, which lead to a deterioration of image quality, if radiation of a wide frequency spectrum is to be imaged (eg VIS). As chromatic aberrations occur Farblhacks- and transverse errors, ie the images of different wavelengths arise at different distances along the optical axis of the lens and can have different magnifications. The correction of the chromatic aberrations is accompanied by the use of several lenses of different materials and thus increasing complexity of the lens system and consequently manufacturing price.
  • the physical background for chromatic aberrations is based on the wavelength dependence of the focal length of a lens.
  • the focal length F 1 of a thin lens neglecting the lens thickness is given by:
  • n refractive index of the material.
  • the image position When viewed axially, the image position can be determined according to the following formula:
  • magnification is determined according to the following equation:
  • a method for image acquisition of objects free of chromatic aberrations by sequential recording of individual images for different wavelength ranges by means of an objective and an image sensor.
  • Achromatization is achieved by correcting chromatic aberrations for the respective wavelength ranges by means of focusing adapted to the wavelength range and by correcting lateral chromatic aberrations by means of electronic and / or software-assisted image post-processing for the respective wavelength ranges.
  • the inventive method thus allows the simplification of Obj ektiv substances, since it can be dispensed with broadband achromatmaschine the lens.
  • inexpensive and small-scale autofocus camera objects can be produced according to the invention.
  • the autofocused lenses can be both fixed and zoom lenses.
  • the method is based on the sequential execution of several images, so that an optimization can be carried out for each individual image for the respective wavelength range.
  • an optimization can be carried out for each individual image for the respective wavelength range.
  • the first variant is based on an adaptive lens whose refractive power is changeable.
  • an adaptive lens for example, offers a liquid lens whose refractive power is controlled by a change in the Krümmungsra- diene of the liquid lens.
  • a second preferred variant provides that the focusing takes place by means of at least one axially displaceable in the direction of the image plane or the object lens.
  • These are classic lenses with a fixed shape, which allow focusing by displacement along the optical axis.
  • a third preferred variant provides that the focusing takes place by means of an image sensor displaceable axially in the direction of the object or the image plane.
  • the lens with the at least one lens remains static while the imager, i. the image sensor, can be moved.
  • the second and the third variant are combined, so that both the lens and the image sensor can be moved.
  • the axial displacement of the at least one lens and / or the image sensor is preferably carried out by means of an autofocus unit, as is commonly used.
  • the separation of the wavelength ranges can be achieved by a time-varying illumination with different wavelength spectra of small spectral width or by the use of wavelength filters with a polychromatic radiation source, ie for example white light.
  • Switchable or rotating wavelength filters are preferably used as wavelength filters here.
  • an image sensor For taking color images, it is further preferred to use an image sensor with wavelength filter.
  • Pixelated wavelength filters in Bayerpattern arrangement are particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • an image acquisition system for an image acquisition of objects free of chromatic aberrations is likewise provided.
  • the image acquisition system contains a lens with at least one optical lens and an image sensor for the sequential recording of images for different wavelength ranges as well as an electronic or software-supported image post-processing unit.
  • the objective also to be used which has chromatic aberrations, as a result of which systems which can be produced more easily can be used as the objective.
  • the at least one optical lens is an adaptive lens whose refractive power is changeable.
  • these include, for example, a liquid lens whose refractive power can be controlled by changing the radii of curvature of the liquid lens.
  • the image acquisition system may preferably additionally have a control unit for the axial displacement of the at least one optical lens in the direction of the image plane or of the object. It is also possible that a control unit for axial displacement tion of the image sensor in the direction of the image plane or the object is included. Both variants can also be combined with each other.
  • a further preferred variant of the image acquisition system according to the invention provides that it has at least one illumination unit for generating defined wavelength ranges.
  • This may be, for example, multiple radiation sources for discrete wavelength ranges.
  • the illumination unit can consist of a polychromatic radiation source, which is combined with at least one wavelength filter.
  • switchable or rotating wavelength filters come into consideration as wavelength filters.
  • the image sensor is preferably provided with at least one wavelength filter, with particular preference being given to pixellated wavelength filters in Bayerpattern arrangement.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first variant according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second variant of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a third variant according to the invention.
  • 4 shows a schematic representation of the effect of the image post-processing according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of the overall method according to the invention for image acquisition.
  • Fig. 1 a variant according to the invention according to claim 5 is shown.
  • the objective here consists of a first lens 1 and a second lens 2 and an image converter or image sensor 3, the second lens 2 being displaceable axially in the direction of the image plane or of the object.
  • the sequential recordings can now be done by moving the lens 2 of the lens focusing on the corresponding wavelength range.
  • a top view 4 of the image converter 3 is then shown, which illustrates the different focussing for the individual wavelength ranges.
  • FIG. 1 a shows the optimum position for the focusing for the red wavelength range
  • FIG. 1 b the optimum position for the focusing for the green wavelength range
  • in FIG Fig. Ic the optimal position for focusing for the blue wavelength range.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second variant in which the objective with a first lens 1 and a second lens 2 is static, while the image sensor or image converter 3 is axially displaceable in the direction of the object or the image plane.
  • the movement of the image converter 3 makes it possible to focus for different wavelength ranges in the sequential method.
  • the Fign. 2a-2c the optimal positions for the individual wavelength ranges.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a camera structure with a lens comprising a first lens 1 and a second lens 2 and an image converter 3.
  • Lens 1 is a lens whose refractive power can be adjusted to focus on different wavelength ranges.
  • Such an adaptive lens is e.g. a liquid lens.
  • the optimal positions for the different wavelength ranges are shown with reference to the plan views 4. This is the variant according to the invention according to claim 3.
  • the image post-processing according to the invention which may be of electronic or software-supported nature, is illustrated.
  • individual images for different wavelength ranges red, green, blue
  • image scales By an electronic or software-based adjustment of the image scales individual images can then be superimposed to a single color image. the.
  • a distortion for example the pincushion distortion shown here in the figure, can then also be corrected, whereby the optical design of the camera is simplified.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the process chain for color image recording on the basis of a block diagram.
  • camera i. Lens and image converter
  • image design i. Lens and image converter
  • AF control and actuator i. Actuator
  • a control loop a control loop.
  • the data taken from the image memory for the different wavelength ranges red, green, blue

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour l'enregistrement achromatisé d'images d'objets par enregistrement séquentiel d'images individuelles pour différentes plages de longueurs d'onde. L'invention concerne également un système d'acquisition d'images conçu à cet effet, comprenant un objectif, un capteur d'image pour l'enregistrement séquentiel d'images pour différentes plages de longueurs d'onde ainsi qu'une unité électronique ou assistée par ordinateur de traitement postérieur des images.
PCT/EP2008/000007 2007-01-02 2008-01-02 Procédé et système d'acquisition d'images pour l'enregistrement achromatisé d'images d'objets WO2008081000A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007001010.0 2007-01-02
DE102007001010A DE102007001010A1 (de) 2007-01-02 2007-01-02 Verfahren und Bilderfassungssystem zur achromatisierten Bildaufnahme von Objekten

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008081000A1 true WO2008081000A1 (fr) 2008-07-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/000007 WO2008081000A1 (fr) 2007-01-02 2008-01-02 Procédé et système d'acquisition d'images pour l'enregistrement achromatisé d'images d'objets

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102007001010A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008081000A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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JP2017090441A (ja) * 2015-09-15 2017-05-25 株式会社ミツトヨ 可変焦点距離レンズを含む撮像システムにおける色収差補正

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013226485A1 (de) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufnahme eines Bildes von einem Objekt
DE102014112666A1 (de) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-03 Carl Zeiss Ag Bildaufnahmevorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bildaufnahme

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JPH0832978A (ja) * 1994-07-15 1996-02-02 Nikon Corp 面順次カラーカメラ
KR20040032657A (ko) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-17 엘지전자 주식회사 광학계의 색수차 보정방법 및 장치
US20040218071A1 (en) * 2001-07-12 2004-11-04 Benoit Chauville Method and system for correcting the chromatic aberrations of a color image produced by means of an optical system
US20040218283A1 (en) * 2003-05-01 2004-11-04 Toshiyuki Nagaoka Variable optical element, optical unit, and image capturing device
US20060012836A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-19 Christian Boemler Focus adjustment for imaging applications
US20060146151A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-06 Magnachip Semiconductor, Ltd. Apparatus for generating focus data in image sensor and method for generating the same
US20060239549A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-10-26 Kelly Sean C Method and apparatus for correcting a channel dependent color aberration in a digital image

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US6747702B1 (en) * 1998-12-23 2004-06-08 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus and method for producing images without distortion and lateral color aberration
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60135918A (ja) * 1983-12-26 1985-07-19 Casio Comput Co Ltd カラ−読取り方法及びその装置
JPH0832978A (ja) * 1994-07-15 1996-02-02 Nikon Corp 面順次カラーカメラ
US20040218071A1 (en) * 2001-07-12 2004-11-04 Benoit Chauville Method and system for correcting the chromatic aberrations of a color image produced by means of an optical system
KR20040032657A (ko) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-17 엘지전자 주식회사 광학계의 색수차 보정방법 및 장치
US20040218283A1 (en) * 2003-05-01 2004-11-04 Toshiyuki Nagaoka Variable optical element, optical unit, and image capturing device
US20060012836A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-19 Christian Boemler Focus adjustment for imaging applications
US20060146151A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-06 Magnachip Semiconductor, Ltd. Apparatus for generating focus data in image sensor and method for generating the same
US20060239549A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-10-26 Kelly Sean C Method and apparatus for correcting a channel dependent color aberration in a digital image

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017090441A (ja) * 2015-09-15 2017-05-25 株式会社ミツトヨ 可変焦点距離レンズを含む撮像システムにおける色収差補正
CN107071258A (zh) * 2015-09-15 2017-08-18 株式会社三丰 包括可变焦距透镜的成像系统中的色差校正
CN107071258B (zh) * 2015-09-15 2020-09-22 株式会社三丰 包括可变焦距透镜的成像系统中的色差校正

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