WO2008080725A1 - Dispositif de diagnostic des défauts de fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif de diagnostic des défauts de fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008080725A1
WO2008080725A1 PCT/EP2007/063150 EP2007063150W WO2008080725A1 WO 2008080725 A1 WO2008080725 A1 WO 2008080725A1 EP 2007063150 W EP2007063150 W EP 2007063150W WO 2008080725 A1 WO2008080725 A1 WO 2008080725A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
signal
control
injection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/063150
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thorsten Sommer
Michael Gebers
Joachim Wagner
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2008080725A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008080725A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/221—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • F02D41/1455—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with sensor resistivity varying with oxygen concentration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
    • G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
    • G01M15/104—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases using oxygen or lambda-sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28—Interface circuits
    • F02D2041/286—Interface circuits comprising means for signal processing
    • F02D2041/288—Interface circuits comprising means for signal processing for performing a transformation into the frequency domain, e.g. Fourier transformation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
    • F02D41/402—Multiple injections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the focal point here is in particular the fuel injection system and, increasingly, also the air or exhaust system of a vehicle.
  • lambda probes For example, the so-called lambda probes should be mentioned here, which have been used for about 30 years in exhaust systems of internal combustion engines and which have made a decisive contribution to improving the exhaust quality of motor vehicles.
  • Various types of such lambda probes are known and are described for example in Robert Bosch GmbH: Sensors in the motor vehicle, June 2001, pages 112 to 117.
  • Such sensors are based on an electrochemical measurement of an oxygen concentration and are used, for example, for a control of the internal combustion engine during operation of the motor vehicle.
  • Such errors in the injection behavior of the internal combustion engine can result, for example, from wear or drift of injection components.
  • Known injection quantity inspection methods are based only on subjective judgments such as change of combustion noise. Such a sub- However, jive evaluation usually needs to be done by an experienced engineer or mechanic with extensive experience in the field.
  • the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine must be set very carefully in this type of evaluation, since the error to be diagnosed can have different effects under different operating conditions and therefore a misdiagnosis can occur.
  • a device for diagnosing malfunctions in the injection system of an internal combustion engine which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art methods described above and in particular enables an objective diagnosis of malfunctions in the injection system of an internal combustion engine.
  • system and component functions of the injection system of internal combustion engines can be objectively and reliably investigated.
  • the proposed diagnostic method performed by the device avoids subjective evaluation criteria and thus leads to a high reproducibility of the diagnosis. An expansion of the components to be diagnosed can be avoided in particular.
  • the device is not limited in principle to special types of injection systems.
  • the proposed device comprises at least one control and evaluation unit, which is set up to operate the internal combustion engine in at least one predetermined diagnostic operating state.
  • at least one signal of at least one oxygen sensor arranged in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine is processed by the control and evaluation unit and from this signal, taking into account the predetermined diagnostic operating state, a malfunction of the injection system is concluded.
  • the oxygen sensor may in particular be an oxygen sensor for measuring an oxygen partial pressure, preferably one or more of the lambda probes described above known from the prior art.
  • Various types of lambda probes can be used, in particular, jump probes or preferably broadband probes. Both signals of the lambda probes already installed as standard in vehicles can be used, as well as, alternatively or additionally, lambda probes, which are designed to be mobile and, for example within the framework of a workshop diagnostics, temporarily introduced into the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine or connected thereto can. The latter is particularly useful if a corresponding lambda probe is not provided as standard in the exhaust stream.
  • the device is preferably set up to compare signals of the oxygen sensor with comparison data or desired signals.
  • these setpoint signals may be comparison data of engines with known injection behavior or known function, or even comparison data of internal combustion engines, in which specifically predetermined malfunctions have been predetermined.
  • other methods for evaluating the signals of the oxygen sensor can also be used.
  • correlations can be carried out with further signals, or an analytical or semiempirical evaluation can be carried out, such as a Fourier analysis of the signals, for example in order to search specifically for specific frequency components.
  • Other evaluation algorithms can be used and are known in the art.
  • the diagnostic operating state may include a chronological sequence of a plurality of operating states, with one or more changes of operating states, wherein the time profile of the oxygen substance signal is recorded and compared with predetermined nominal signal characteristics.
  • control and evaluation unit can be set up to detect periodic modulations in a signal curve of the signal of the oxygen sensor and to correlate with an engine speed.
  • a speed signal of a speed sensor of the internal combustion engine can be processed.
  • periodically recurring signal components with an integral multiple or an integral fraction of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine can be detected selectively in the course of the oxygen sensor, for example automatically, for example using certain filter techniques, such as bandpass filters.
  • the engine phase is preferably taken into account, in this way the signal components can be specifically allocated to specific cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • a plausibility analysis of the error detection can be carried out in order to avoid misinterpretations.
  • the diagnostic operating state described above may include a static or a temporally variable operating state of the internal combustion engine.
  • one or more of the following operating modes may be included:
  • At least one injection valve preferably exactly one injection valve, the internal combustion engine is controlled such that it is acted upon by deviating from the other injectors operating parameters, in particular deviating Anêtsignalformen;
  • At least one injection valve preferably exactly one injection valve, the internal combustion engine is controlled such that this exclusively performs a partial injection, in particular a pilot injection and / or a main injection and / or a post-injection.
  • an objective diagnosis can be carried out without having to expand the corresponding components.
  • a complete shutdown of the injection of a single or a plurality of injection valves can take place, that is, a control in which the actuation durations are set to zero for all partial injections.
  • the control and evaluation unit can be designed as a single, central unit or alternatively as a decentralized unit with a plurality of separate components.
  • the control and evaluation unit may comprise a computer, for example a microcomputer, which is set up in terms of programming in order to carry out the functions described above.
  • this computer can have one or more volatile or nonvolatile data memories in which, for example, the stated desired signals can be stored.
  • corresponding input and output means in particular interfaces, graphic output devices or the like can be provided.
  • control and evaluation unit may be included in a diagnostic module, which may be integrated in the vehicle or may preferably be designed to be mobile or workshop-bound.
  • This diagnostic module can be set up to be connected by means of an interface to the internal combustion engine and / or an engine control unit of the internal combustion engine.
  • the diagnostic module can be designed, for example, with corresponding mechanical and / or electrical interfaces in order to be integrated in a motor vehicle test stand in a motor vehicle workshop.
  • the diagnostic module can, for example, with a graphical output unit for display of diagnostic results, as well as with an input unit (eg, a keyboard or similar input means known to those skilled in the art), as well as appropriate default means for allowing a user to selectively select diagnostic conditions (eg, within predetermined or user-defined diagnostic programs.
  • a graphical output unit for display of diagnostic results
  • an input unit eg, a keyboard or similar input means known to those skilled in the art
  • appropriate default means for allowing a user to selectively select diagnostic conditions (eg, within predetermined or user-defined diagnostic programs.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a device according to the invention for diagnosing malfunctions in the injection system of an internal combustion engine
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show signal examples of the device according to FIG. 1 in the case of a normally functioning internal combustion engine (FIG. 2a) or in the case of missing injection on a cylinder of the internal combustion engine (FIG. 2b).
  • the device 110 comprises a control and evaluation unit 114, which may be part of a diagnostic module, for example, and a lambda sensor 116, which is arranged in the exhaust system 118 of the internal combustion engine 112.
  • the lambda probe 116 may be designed as a broadband lambda probe and may be arranged, for example, in close proximity to a catalytic converter in the exhaust system 118.
  • the control and evaluation unit 114 reference is made to the above description.
  • the control and evaluation unit 114 is connected via a signal line 120 with the lambda probe 116, for example via a standard predetermined diagnostic interface of a motor vehicle. In this way, the control and evaluation unit 114 can receive signals from the lambda probe 116. Furthermore, the control and evaluation unit 114 is connected via a control line 122 directly or indirectly to the internal combustion engine 112. For example, this drive line 122 may in turn comprise a factory-set diagnostic interface of a motor vehicle.
  • line is here, as in the case of the signal line 120, to understand any possible embodiment of a device for signal and / or energy transmission, in particular single- or multi-channel wire lines or, alternatively or additionally, also devices for wireless data transmission.
  • the internal combustion engine 112 can comprise, for example, a motor control device (not shown in FIG. 1) which can be accessed via the control line 122. In this way, the internal combustion engine 112 can be preset to one of the diagnostic states described above. Also, signal line 120 and drive line 122 need not necessarily be separate lines or interfaces, but it may be, for example, a single interface, which connects the control and evaluation unit 114, for example, with the engine control unit of the internal combustion engine 112.
  • the oxygen partial pressure in an exhaust gas 124 in the exhaust system 118 is measured by means of the lambda sensor 116 under different operating conditions of the internal combustion engine 112 and in the control and evaluation unit 114, for example, with known values and characteristics (here without limitation Generality referred to as "setpoint") compared.
  • this cylinder provides instead of combustion exhaust ambient air in the exhaust system 118 of the internal combustion engine 112.
  • This increase can be detected via the lambda probe 116.
  • control and evaluation unit 114 of the internal combustion engine can specifically specify diagnostic operating states. For example, targeted partial injections (pre-injection, main injection, post-injection) can be carried out on one or more cycles. relieve switched on, changed or turned off (for example, by changing the electrical control of the injection valves by means of the control and evaluation unit 114). The resulting changes in the oxygen partial pressure in the exhaust gas 124 are thereby investigated. From these measurement results, a statement about the system or component behavior can also be made.
  • the device 110 may be designed as a device integrated in the motor vehicle or as a separate, for example, workshop-bound device.
  • the device may itself include the lambda probe 116 as a mobile lambda probe, or lambda probes integrated into the motor vehicle as standard may also be used.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show examples of signal curves under different operating conditions. In both cases, the quotient of the oxygen ( ⁇ 2) partial pressure and the total pressure is plotted dimensionlessly as a function of the time t in seconds.
  • FIG. 2 a shows a chronological progression of a normal injection on all cylinders of the internal combustion engine 112.
  • a new set of operating conditions for the internal combustion engine 112 is set by the control and evaluation unit 114 via the control line 122.
  • the new operating conditions are designed so that the speed is to be increased continuously.
  • the oxygen partial pressure in the exhaust gas system 118 drops continuously from this point in time 210 due to the setting of the internal combustion engine 112 to the new predetermined operating conditions, in order then to remain at a low level until a renewed switching point.
  • the waveform is shown in Figure 2b, in an internal combustion engine 112, in which "artificially" the injection on a cylinder of the engine has been switched off, which corresponds, for example, to a malfunction of the injector of this cylinder.
  • the signal between times 210 and 212 initially has a similar course to that in FIG. 2a.
  • the absolute value of the signals (for example an averaged signal curve) is higher by a value ⁇ C than the signal curve in the case of the normal injection according to FIG. 2a. This is because, as described above, the cylinder in which no injection takes place supplies ambient air into the exhaust system 118 instead of combustion exhaust gases.
  • significant signal oscillations 214 are observed in the waveform between times 210 and 212. These signal oscillations occur in this representation, in which, for example, a six-cylinder four-stroke engine is shown at half the engine speed.
  • oscillations with the whole engine speed are particularly relevant in the field of large diesel engines, which is often worked on the two-stroke principle, relevant.
  • the oscillations occur with a single frequency, in more complex cases, for example, to perform an analysis of the frequency spectrum of the "oscillation" signal, such as a Fourier analysis.
  • a lambda probe 116 with a fast reaction time is preferably used.
  • the examples shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b were recorded with a broadband probe. However, other types of probes can also be used in principle.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (110) de diagnostic des défauts de fonctionnement du système d'injection d'un moteur à combustion interne (112). Le dispositif (110) comprend au moins une unité (114) de commande et d'évaluation conçue pour placer le moteur à combustion interne (112) en au moins un mode de fonctionnement de diagnostic. L'unité (114) de commande et d'évaluation est de plus conçue pour traiter au moins un signal d'au moins une sonde d'oxygène (116) disposée dans le système (118) des gaz d'échappement du moteur à combustion interne (112) et pour tirer une conclusion sur un défaut de fonctionnement du système d'injection à partir du signal et en tenant compte du mode de fonctionnement de diagnostic.
PCT/EP2007/063150 2006-12-28 2007-12-03 Dispositif de diagnostic des défauts de fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne WO2008080725A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610061894 DE102006061894A1 (de) 2006-12-28 2006-12-28 Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von Fehlfunktionen in Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102006061894.7 2006-12-28

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008080725A1 true WO2008080725A1 (fr) 2008-07-10

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Cited By (1)

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DE102010015726A1 (de) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Überwachen einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine

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DE102008006327A1 (de) * 2008-01-28 2009-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102008032741B3 (de) * 2008-07-11 2010-02-18 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren und Diagnosegerät zum Erkennen einer Fehlfunktion an einer Einspritzanlage
GB2482875B (en) * 2010-08-17 2015-11-25 Gm Global Tech Operations Inc Identifying a failure of a fuel injection system based on oxygen levels in the exhaust
DE102012215394A1 (de) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Diagnose eines Dosiersystems und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Vorrichtung
DE102016000678A1 (de) 2016-01-22 2016-09-22 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Überprüfen eines Einspritzsystems einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine
CN107991100A (zh) * 2016-10-27 2018-05-04 福建宁德核电有限公司 一种柴油机运行状态检测方法和系统
AT521029B1 (de) * 2018-01-30 2019-10-15 Avl List Gmbh Verfahren zum prüfen von nominalwert-durchfluss-abweichungen

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US4841765A (en) * 1988-01-21 1989-06-27 Blanke John D Method of locating a partially plugged port fuel injector using misfire monitor
DE4002208A1 (de) * 1990-01-26 1991-08-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum erkennen von verbrennungsaussetzern bei einem motor
US5585552A (en) * 1992-11-09 1996-12-17 The Technician's Company Method and apparatus for diagnosing automotive engine problems using oxygen
DE19620038A1 (de) * 1996-05-17 1997-11-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Kraftstoffzumeßsystems
US6273075B1 (en) * 1999-04-13 2001-08-14 Hyundai Motor Company Method for detecting malfunction of car cylinder
US20010032498A1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2001-10-25 Kenichi Fujino Diagnostic system for engine
DE10305523A1 (de) * 2003-02-11 2004-08-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Nullmengenkalibrierung eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems eines Kraftfahrzeuges im Fahrbetrieb

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4841765A (en) * 1988-01-21 1989-06-27 Blanke John D Method of locating a partially plugged port fuel injector using misfire monitor
DE4002208A1 (de) * 1990-01-26 1991-08-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum erkennen von verbrennungsaussetzern bei einem motor
US5585552A (en) * 1992-11-09 1996-12-17 The Technician's Company Method and apparatus for diagnosing automotive engine problems using oxygen
DE19620038A1 (de) * 1996-05-17 1997-11-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Kraftstoffzumeßsystems
US6273075B1 (en) * 1999-04-13 2001-08-14 Hyundai Motor Company Method for detecting malfunction of car cylinder
US20010032498A1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2001-10-25 Kenichi Fujino Diagnostic system for engine
DE10305523A1 (de) * 2003-02-11 2004-08-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Nullmengenkalibrierung eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems eines Kraftfahrzeuges im Fahrbetrieb

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010015726A1 (de) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Überwachen einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine
DE102010015726B4 (de) 2010-04-21 2022-07-07 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Überwachen einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine

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