WO2008071639A1 - Procédé de détermination de la qualité d'une huile - Google Patents

Procédé de détermination de la qualité d'une huile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008071639A1
WO2008071639A1 PCT/EP2007/063561 EP2007063561W WO2008071639A1 WO 2008071639 A1 WO2008071639 A1 WO 2008071639A1 EP 2007063561 W EP2007063561 W EP 2007063561W WO 2008071639 A1 WO2008071639 A1 WO 2008071639A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
pressure
temperature
information
measured
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/063561
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Samenfink
Andreas Kufferath
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2008071639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008071639A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
    • G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
    • G01N33/2888—Lubricating oil characteristics, e.g. deterioration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining the oil quality, which can be used in particular in internal combustion engines or in other types of engines. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method.
  • the quality of the lubricating oil is of great importance for the life of the engine.
  • quality can quickly deteriorate due to various operating conditions, such as extreme operating conditions.
  • the latter is usually the more critical case for the engine.
  • a larger amount of fuel is added to the lubricating oil, thus greatly diluting the lubricating oil.
  • the viscosity of the oil decreases, which in turn leads to a sinking lubricity of the oil. This can lead to increased wear of the internal combustion engine up to engine failure.
  • the oil level can increase unacceptably by a continuous cold operation, which can lead to catalyst damage in extreme cases.
  • Part of these systems uses simple predictive models to describe oil quality, which typically do not directly measure oil quality.
  • the calculation of the service interval ie the remaining distance to the oil change service
  • the distance traveled in each case in a few seconds driving distance with the summed during the same time consumed fuel and thereby passed through oil temperature profile are coupled. This results in wear of the motor due to thermal stress. This value is used to determine the remaining distance to the required service on the basis of stored empirical values.
  • oil quality sensors can be measured by measuring one or more parameters, such as oil viscosity, permeability or temperature. These measuring principles can also be summarized in a single measuring system.
  • a method which determines the oil quality in a simple manner as a function of the operating state and avoids the disadvantages of known systems and methods.
  • the oil quality is determined in particular in the form of an oil viscosity (or a corresponding quantity from which the oil viscosity can be deduced).
  • the oil quality measurements such as refractive index, dielectric or similar sizes
  • Measured variables of temperature and pressure are used.
  • Coupled sensors are also possible and are described, for example, in Robert Bosch GmbH: Sensors in Motor Vehicles, 1st Edition, June 2001, pages 82-84. Such a sensor is already used today in numerous applications and is introduced as a mass product.
  • the proposed method is based on the fact that at least one temperature and at least one pressure is measured in an oil feed line to at least one consumer of the engine. Furthermore, at least one information is generated, from which it is concluded that there is a volume flow through the oil line. Information about the oil quality, in particular information about the viscosity, is generated from the measured temperature, the measured pressure and the volume flow.
  • the proposed method can in particular use a model for the oil circuit which is parameterized by the above-described measured values oil pressure and oil temperature. Due to the deviations of the oil pressure and the oil temperature from the predicted model sizes during operation, short-term and longer-term deviations from the setpoint can be used to determine the oil quality and the wear.
  • the proposed method and the proposed device for carrying out the method are thus distinguished from conventional systems by the use of inexpensive, readily available components, as well as by the use of well-practicable in practice measuring principles.
  • the method can thus be implemented inexpensively, but at the same time the accuracy of the determination of the oil quality compared to most currently used systems is greatly improved.
  • Figures IA and IB show the course of the oil viscosity as a function of an admixture of diesel fuel or gasoline
  • Figure 3 measured data of the course of oil pressure and oil temperature as a function of
  • Figure 4 is a graph of viscosity as a function of temperature for various
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B show the course of the dynamic viscosity ⁇ , indicated in millipascal seconds (mPas), as a function of the admixture of fuel (the concentration in percent by weight is shown).
  • Figure IA shows the course for the admixture of diesel oil
  • Figure IB represents the course for the admixture of gasoline.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows an oil circuit 110 of an internal combustion engine 112 and an apparatus 114 according to the invention for determining the oil quality in an exemplary embodiment as a block diagram.
  • the method according to the invention will be described in an exemplary embodiment.
  • Internal combustion engine 112 may be configured in various ways and may include, for example, a gasoline engine and / or a diesel engine. However, other embodiments are also conceivable, for example hybrid motors or even operation with purely electric motors.
  • the oil circuit 110 has an oil pan 116 (oil sump) and an oil pump 118 connected to the oil pan 116.
  • the oil pump 118 is related to the internal combustion engine 112.
  • consumers 120 connected via one or more oil supply lines 122. From the oil supply line 122 branches off in front of the internal combustion engine 112 from a discharge line 124, in which a pressure relief valve 126 is received. From the internal combustion engine 112 or the consumers 120, in turn, a return line 128 leads back to the oil pan 116.
  • the device 114 comprises an oil pressure sensor accommodated in the oil feed line 122 and a temperature sensor, which in this embodiment shown in FIG. 2 are designed as an integrated sensor element (p, T sensor 130).
  • the sensor element 130 can be designed, for example, as described in Robert Bosch GmbH: Sensors in the Motor Vehicle, 1st Edition, June 2001, pages 82-84.
  • the device 114 comprises a control device 132.
  • This control device 132 is set up to receive measurement data from the sensor 130 directly or indirectly.
  • the control unit 132 is configured as a control unit designed separately from an engine control unit 134 of the internal combustion engine 112.
  • the control unit 132 and the engine control unit 134 are connected to each other via a line 136, which allows a bidirectional data exchange.
  • this line 136 may be a CAN bus.
  • Other types of interfaces or systems for data exchange can also be used, whereby non-contact data exchange is also possible, for example by exchanging electromagnetic signals (for example radio waves or infrared signals).
  • control unit 132 and the engine control unit 134 may also be formed at least partially identically to the component or integrated in an instrument cluster.
  • the controller 132 may include, for example, a microprocessor, including one or more electronic data storage in which corresponding data may be stored.
  • the control unit can be set up according to the program in order to carry out the method described in full or in part and / or to control it.
  • corresponding interfaces for programming and similar input and output means can be provided.
  • the oil circuit 110 is operated such that in operation, the oil pump 118 sucks engine oil from the oil pan 116. Due to the oil production, an oil pressure p is built up in the oil supply lines 122 to the internal combustion engine 112 or the consumers 120.
  • a more or less pronounced bypass volumetric flow occurs, which in the illustration according to FIG. 2 is designated symbolically as a gap loss 138 of the oil pump 118.
  • the flow rate is dependent on the speed of the oil pump 118, which can be driven for example directly by the engine 112.
  • the oil pump 118 is designed oversized. At high speeds, therefore, the pressure in the oil supply line 122 must be partially removed and limited by the pressure relief valve 126 and the diversion line 124.
  • the main volume flow of the oil flows through the engine 112.
  • an amount of oil is needed for the consumers 120.
  • the consumers 120 are made up, for example, of camshaft actuators which use the oil pressure to adjust actuators.
  • Another consumer 120 may be an oil syringe for a piston cooling.
  • gap losses usually occur, which are indicated symbolically in FIG. 2 by the reference numeral 140.
  • the gap losses 140 in the internal combustion engine 112 and in the consumers 120 are generally dependent on the wear of these components. Since the wear takes place very slowly, this leakage current changes only slowly over the entire service life of the internal combustion engine 112.
  • measured data of oil pressure p and oil temperature T are plotted, which were obtained by means of the device shown in FIG. 2 and which prove that an oil quality can actually be deduced from the two measured variables p and T determined.
  • the measured data were obtained during a cold test, which is used to evaluate the oil dilution. Operating conditions with a constant operating point of 1000 rpm and full load were used. The coolant temperature was 50 0 C. Plotted in FIG. 3, the pressure (diamond, left scale) in bar and the oil temperature (square, right scale) in 0 C, each as a function of the operating time t in hours.
  • Figure 4 shows an example of the curve of the viscosity ⁇ (in arbitrary units) as a function of the temperature T in 0 C for different types of oil.
  • the example for a stationary operating point shown in FIG. 3 shows how the fundamental dependence of the oil pressure on the oil viscosity during engine operation is represented.
  • the measurement data of pressure and temperature shown in FIG. 3, which were obtained by means of the device 114 shown in FIG. 2, can be compared either as "raw data" with predetermined nominal values in order to obtain information about the oil quality, for example about the viscosity to generate.
  • a volume flow through the oil feed line 122 is additionally taken into account.
  • the law of Hagen-Poiseuille applies to the flow through the oil feed 122.
  • the volume flow through the oil supply line 122 is proportional to the pressure difference at both ends the oil supply 122, and inversely proportional to the viscosity.
  • known pressure which in turn can be closed at least approximately to the pressure difference at both ends of the oil supply line 122 can thus be deduced the viscosity of the oil in the oil supply 122.
  • the viscosity is again a function of temperature (see Figure 4), ideally the relationship is either known or can be calculated. In this way, a viscosity or a viscosity-correlating variable can be determined, which in turn (temperature-adjusted) can be compared with corresponding comparison curves in order to conclude on the oil quality.
  • the described method in which the law of Hagen-Poiseuille is utilized, preferably requires the measurement of pressure and temperature in two places with an exact procedure. Alternatively, it would also be possible to work with approximations, for example with an assumption about a specific, constant oil pressure at the end of the oil feed 122. However, such multiple measurements or simplifications are not technically feasible or sufficiently precise in all cases. Furthermore, for example, the assumption of a flow according to the Hagen-Poiseuille law is based on the assumption of a laminar flow, which is not the case in many lines due to the complex line geometry. Rather, turbulent flow profiles often occur.
  • an empirical method may be used in which, as explained below, for example, an evaluation of the volumetric flow by means of maps above the pump speed respectively. Furthermore, in this way, a correction of the evaluation over the lifetime take place, which could be required for example due to wear effects occurring.
  • Stationary operating points of the internal combustion engine 112 are particularly suitable for the measurement and analysis, since here the influence of unsteady oil volume flows of the consumers 120 on the oil pressure can be neglected. Whether a consumer 120 and / or the internal combustion engine 112 requires an oil volume flow and how large this oil volume flow is can be queried, for example, as information via the engine control unit 134 become. For example, the control of camshaft actuators is triggered directly via the engine control unit 134. In this way, the at least one piece of information can thus be generated, from which it is possible to deduce the volume flow through the oil feed line 122. Alternatively, however, additional sensors could be used to generate appropriate information about the oil flow.
  • the oil volume flow may be indicated, for example, as a function of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 112, in particular in the case in which the oil pump 118 is driven directly or indirectly by the internal combustion engine 112.
  • the information about the speed is directly available in the engine control unit 134 and can be interrogated, for example, via the line 136.
  • the measured pressure can be compared with at least one output characteristic in which an oil pressure is stored as a function of the volume flow, parameterized with the temperature.
  • This output characteristic can be stored, for example, in an electronic data store, for example in a lookup table.
  • the influence of the oil temperature on the oil viscosity can be calculated by appropriate approximation functions (see for example FIG. 4) or determined empirically or semiempirically.
  • the measured pressure can also be compared with at least one characteristic map, for example with a characteristic map, which comprises the pressure above the temperature and the volume flow.
  • a characteristic map which comprises the pressure above the temperature and the volume flow.
  • the speed can also be used here again.
  • the map can in turn be stored, for example, in a lookup table in the control unit 132 or another data memory.
  • the at least one output characteristic and / or the at least one characteristic field is stored for the oil type provided in the initial filling.
  • an analytical or semiempirisches method can be used in which from the measured pressure, the measured temperature and the flow / the speed current viscosity is calculated. This calculated viscosity can then be compared to a predetermined desired viscosity to obtain information about the oil quality.
  • the viscosity determined via the oil pressure, is compared with the stored characteristic map. If the viscosity is outside a specified range, which is defined for a non-critical engine operation, for example, a warning can be issued to the driver.
  • an action by the device 114 or the control device 132 can also be made on the internal combustion engine 112 or the entire engine operation.
  • engine operation may be restricted.
  • the proposed method offers the possibility of determining the oil change interval from a real operation and possibly output this information to the driver.
  • the oil pressure As described with reference to FIG. 2, at high rotational speeds, it is necessary to control the oil pressure through the overpressure valve 126. With knowledge of the oil quality and the origin map, the speed for that point can be predicted. Shifts this speed over the lifetime of the internal combustion engine 112 to higher speeds, it can be concluded from this from wear due to increased gap losses 140. This wear can in turn be used to correct the dependencies of the maps described above, for example, deposited. This can increase the accuracy of the analysis of the oil quality.
  • an oil dilution by fuel is concluded from the oil quality. If such an oil dilution over a predetermined level, so appropriate action can be taken. For example, in turn, the operation of the internal combustion engine 114 can be acted upon. Alternatively or additionally, the temperature level of cooling water and / or oil can be increased if such control interventions are possible. In this way, for example, the fuel can be expelled faster from the oil, so that the oil quality is improved again.
  • Another option is to use suitable models to determine the engine temperature by measuring the oil temperature. In extreme cases, even a motor temperature sensor can be dispensed with.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de détermination de la qualité d'une huile dans une conduite d'alimentation en huile (122) menant à un moteur (112) et/ou à un utilisateur (120). On mesure ici au moins une température et au moins une pression dans la conduite d'alimentation en huile (122). De plus, on génère au moins une information à partir de laquelle on déduit un débit volumique à travers la conduite d'alimentation en huile (122). À partir de la température mesurée, de la pression mesurée et du débit volumique, on génère une information sur la qualité de l'huile, notamment une information sur une viscosité.
PCT/EP2007/063561 2006-12-14 2007-12-07 Procédé de détermination de la qualité d'une huile WO2008071639A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610059071 DE102006059071A1 (de) 2006-12-14 2006-12-14 Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Ölqualität
DE102006059071.6 2006-12-14

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WO2008071639A1 true WO2008071639A1 (fr) 2008-06-19

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11454144B1 (en) 2021-03-24 2022-09-27 Caterpillar Inc. Lubricant dilution detection system
WO2022204226A1 (fr) 2021-03-24 2022-09-29 Caterpillar Inc. Systèmes et procédés de détection de dilution de lubrifiant
US11821345B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-11-21 Caterpillar Inc. Systems and methods for lubricant dilution detection

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2535708A1 (fr) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-19 Fiat Powertrain Technologies S.p.A. Procédé de détection de la qualité de l'huile moteur dans un moteur diesel et système de détection correspondant
DE102014018029B3 (de) * 2014-12-05 2016-05-12 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Viskosität einer Flüssigkeit sowie Brennkraftmaschine
DE102018008330A1 (de) 2018-10-22 2020-04-23 Daimler Ag Verfahren zur Überprüfung von Motoröl beim Betrieb einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine
DE102019213123B3 (de) * 2019-08-30 2021-01-07 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Motorölqualität eines Verbrennungsmotors
DE102020003121A1 (de) 2020-05-25 2021-11-25 Daimler Ag Verbrennungskraftmaschine sowie Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Kraftstoffeintrags in Öl einer solchen Verbrennungskraftmaschine
DE102021002264A1 (de) 2021-04-29 2022-11-03 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Verbrennungskraftmaschine sowie Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Kraftstoffeintrags in Öl einer solchen Verbrennungskraftmaschine
DE102022212302A1 (de) 2022-11-18 2024-05-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren und Steuergerät zur Ermittlung der Öllebensdauer von der Schmierung einer Welle oder eines Rotors dienendem Öl
DE102023106324A1 (de) 2023-03-14 2024-09-19 Innio Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Schmierstoffes eines Verbrennungsmotors

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DE19741164A1 (de) * 1996-09-19 1998-03-26 Isuzu Motors Ltd Elektronisch gesteuerte, hydraulisch betätigte Treibstoffeinspritzvorrichtung, die eine Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Ölviskosität benutzt, und Verfahren hierzu
DE10061849A1 (de) * 1999-12-17 2001-09-20 Caterpillar Inc Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung eines Ölgrades eines Betätigungsströmungsmittels
DE69919680T2 (de) * 1998-12-15 2005-09-22 Caterpillar Inc., Peoria Vorrichtung und verfahren zur feststellung der viskosität einer betätigungsflüssigkeit
DE102004039836A1 (de) * 2004-08-17 2006-03-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung eines Kraftstoffeintrags in das Schmieröl einer Brennkraftmaschine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19741164A1 (de) * 1996-09-19 1998-03-26 Isuzu Motors Ltd Elektronisch gesteuerte, hydraulisch betätigte Treibstoffeinspritzvorrichtung, die eine Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Ölviskosität benutzt, und Verfahren hierzu
DE69919680T2 (de) * 1998-12-15 2005-09-22 Caterpillar Inc., Peoria Vorrichtung und verfahren zur feststellung der viskosität einer betätigungsflüssigkeit
DE10061849A1 (de) * 1999-12-17 2001-09-20 Caterpillar Inc Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung eines Ölgrades eines Betätigungsströmungsmittels
DE102004039836A1 (de) * 2004-08-17 2006-03-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung eines Kraftstoffeintrags in das Schmieröl einer Brennkraftmaschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TAEYOUNG HAN ET AL: "Engine Oil Viscometer Based on Oil Pressure Sensor", SAE TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES, SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS, WARRENDALE, PA, US, vol. 2006-1-701, April 2006 (2006-04-01), pages 9pp, XP007904577, ISSN: 0148-7191 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11454144B1 (en) 2021-03-24 2022-09-27 Caterpillar Inc. Lubricant dilution detection system
US20220307394A1 (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-09-29 Caterpillar Inc. Lubricant dilution detection system
WO2022204226A1 (fr) 2021-03-24 2022-09-29 Caterpillar Inc. Systèmes et procédés de détection de dilution de lubrifiant
US11821345B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-11-21 Caterpillar Inc. Systems and methods for lubricant dilution detection

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