WO2008068228A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008068228A1 WO2008068228A1 PCT/EP2007/063176 EP2007063176W WO2008068228A1 WO 2008068228 A1 WO2008068228 A1 WO 2008068228A1 EP 2007063176 W EP2007063176 W EP 2007063176W WO 2008068228 A1 WO2008068228 A1 WO 2008068228A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- engine
- cylinder group
- lubricant
- injection
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
- F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/06—Cutting-out cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D17/00—Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for reducing the friction in part-load operation in an internal combustion engine having at least two cylinder groups, wherein the intake and Auslas Kunststoff beneficiary can be changed independently and the exhaust strands are performed separately with the associated exhaust aftertreatment groups cylinder groups.
- the invention also relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine in which fuel is preferably injected directly into a combustion chamber via at least one injection device, the injection pressure of the fuel being temporarily increased during the starting phase of the internal combustion engine.
- the invention relates to a drive system, in particular for a motor vehicle, with an engine lubrication system having an internal combustion engine, which is operable with an engine lubricant, wherein one and the same fuel is used as engine lubricant and fuel for the internal combustion engine and preferably wherein the same fuel tank for the engine lubricant and the fuel is provided, as well as with at least one gearbox having a gear lubricant in the drive train, and / or with at least one hydraulic system operating with a hydraulic fluid.
- EP 0 915 234 A2 discloses a camshaft drive for an internal combustion engine and a method for reducing the pumping losses and for reducing the fuel consumption of internal combustion engines in coasting mode. It is provided that in a predefined engine operating range, the exhaust camshaft and the intake camshaft are retarded. The rotation of the intake camshaft results in the sum of the rotational movements resulting from a first and a second phase shifter.
- EP 1 013 899 A2 discloses an internal combustion engine with two cylinder groups and in each case two camshafts, which are interconnected by a coupling drive.
- the two camshafts of a cylinder group each have their own phase shifter, so that the exhaust camshaft is replaced by a phase shifter and the intake camshaft are rotatable by a second phase shifter so that the phase adjustment of the intake camshaft results as the sum of the actuating movements of the two phase shifter.
- the US 2003/0145830 Al discloses a method for operating an internal combustion engine, which provides that the fuel pressure is increased at least temporarily in a rest state of the internal combustion engine to ensure a safe start in the internal combustion engine. This should avoid vapor bubbles in the fuel lines.
- JP 11-270385 A2 discloses an injection system for an internal combustion engine in which during the starting phase the injection pressure is increased to allow a quick starting of the internal combustion engine.
- DE 43 25 194 C2 describes a diesel engine four-stroke internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel delivery system removes the fuel from the lubricating oil sump tank and a fuel reservoir tank is connected to the lubricating oil sump tank that prevails in this always approximately the same level of liquid.
- the fact that the engine lubricant is used as the fuel and the used engine lubricant is burned in the engine can be dispensed with engine oil change, which has a particularly advantageous effect on the operating costs.
- other supplies for example for lubrication of the transmission or for operating auxiliary systems, such as brake systems or power steering systems required.
- the object of the invention is to achieve the simplest possible way a significant reduction in fuel consumption and emissions. Another object of the invention is to improve the starting behavior of a spark-ignited internal combustion engine with little effort. It is another object of the invention to reduce the operating costs of a drive system.
- this is realized in that in part-load operation, the cylinders of at least one first cylinder group, preferably a first cylinder row, deactivated by switching off the injection and operated friction minimum and that the cylinders of at least one second cylinder group, preferably a second cylinder row, are operated motorized efficiency optimal.
- Partial load operation the cylinders of at least one first cylinder group are deactivated by switching off the injection and operated friction minimum and that the cylinders of at least one second cylinder group are operated in an optimal motorized manner.
- the deactivation and the engine operation between the first and second cylinder group is changed after a defined operating time, the cylinders of the first group of cylinders are operated optimal engine efficiency and deactivated the cylinders of the second cylinder group by switching off the injection and operated friction optimum.
- the first and the second cylinder group are alternately deactivated or operated with optimum engine efficiency.
- the first cylinder group and the second cylinder group are turned off alternately.
- the friction-minimum or efficiency-optimized operation takes place by adjusting the intake and / or Auslas Kunststoffdale NASA, it being particularly advantageous if at least one exhaust camshaft and at least one intake camshaft of a cylinder group are retarded to lower the friction power, preferably the Adjustment of the intake camshaft is greater than the adjustment of the exhaust camshaft.
- Switching is torque-neutral. First is the disconnected Cylinder group brought to optimal efficiency control time. Thereafter, the fuel injection is switched from one to the other cylinder group. Finally, the cylinder group, which has now been shut down, is brought to a friction-time optimal control time.
- the adjustment ranges for the exhaust camshaft are about 40 ° to 60 °, for the intake camshaft about 40 ° to 120 °.
- the outlet opening takes place at the latest at 210 ° crank angle, preferably at the latest at 200 ° crank angle after the top dead center of the combustion.
- the inlet closure should be at least at 610 °, preferably at least only at 630 ° crank angle.
- the intake port of conventional internal combustion engines is in comparison between 540 ° and 610 ° crank angle. All timing refers to 1 mm valve lift.
- the adjustment range of the intake camshaft results from the addition of the adjustment ranges of a first and a second phase shifter.
- a coupling drive can be provided, through which add the adjustment paths and the adjustment speeds of the two phase shifter.
- the stroke of the intersecting valves is at least 0.1 mm, preferably at least 0.3 mm.
- the gas flow of the deactivated cylinder group is passed past the catalyst of this cylinder group.
- each cylinder group is controlled individually by at least one separate throttle element, wherein the air mass flow of the deactivated cylinder group is reduced. Characterized in that each cylinder group is assigned a throttle body, the air mass for each cylinder group can be controlled individually, thereby reducing the air mass flow flowing through the deactivated catalysts.
- the fuel injection quantity is divided during the start of the internal combustion engine to a plurality of injections in the intake phase, wherein at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least four, injections are carried out during the intake phase, which is preferably provided in that the injection pressure during the starting phase is at least 20 bar.
- the fact that the fuel is injected at high pressure during the starting phase it can be achieved that the fuel in the combustion chamber remains in suspension, whereby the starting amount and / or the starting temperature can be reduced.
- the high fuel pressure allows short injection periods.
- the multiple injection is already performed during the drag phase for the first injections, so when the crankshaft is still rotated by the starter.
- the large number of small, short injections ensures that the fuel does not come into contact with the walls of the combustion chamber.
- a last fuel injection is performed during the compression phase, wherein the last fuel injection is preferably directed in the region of the ignition device.
- the amount of fuel of the last fuel injection may be less than the amount of each preceding fuel injection, and preferably the injection duration is less than 2 ms. Due to the small amount of the last injection wall application can be avoided on the combustion chamber walls. Since the last fuel injection is to the igniter, a stratified charge is available for ignition.
- the method can be used particularly advantageously for the fuels gasoline and ethanol or any mixtures thereof, or for any fuel mixtures containing gasoline or ethanol.
- the operating expenditure of the drive system can be reduced by the fact that the transmission lubricant of the transmission lubrication system and / or the hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic system is the same fuel as the fuel.
- the gear lubricant and the hydraulic fluid can be removed from the same container as the fuel.
- additives In order to adapt the operating fluid to the respective use as engine lubricant, gear lubricant or hydraulic fluid, the use of additives is advantageous. Either a universal additive for all functions can be added, or the engine lubrication system, the gearbox lubrication be connected system and the hydraulic system, each with its own additive supply system.
- a biodegradable vegetable oil can be used as a fuel advantageously a biodegradable vegetable oil can be used.
- An adequate supply of the engine lubrication system, the gear lubrication system and the hydraulic system with the operating fluid can be ensured if the supply of the engine lubricant, the gear lubricant and / or the hydraulic fluid is level-controlled.
- at least one return line leading to the container starts from the oil sump of the engine lubrication system, the transmission lubrication system and / or the hydraulic system. Consumed engine lubricant, gear lubricant or used hydraulic oil is fed directly into metered form of the internal combustion engine for combustion or fed via the return line in the fuel tank.
- the oil pan of the engine lubrication system, the gear lubrication system or the hydraulic system can be designed as an integral part of the fuel tank.
- a buffer may be provided, which is filled with fuel, which was preheated during engine operation. After long vehicle lives, especially at low outside temperatures, a preheating of the fuel before engine start can be provided. It is also possible to use a heater for the preheating of the fuel.
- the fuel is preheated by a heat exchanger during engine operation.
- This heat exchanger may be in communication with the exhaust system, preferably with the exhaust tube of the internal combustion engine.
- FIGS. show schematically:
- FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine for carrying out the method according to the invention in a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows an internal combustion engine in a second embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows an internal combustion engine in a third embodiment
- FIG. 10 shows an internal combustion engine with a plurality of cylinders.
- Fig. 11 is a drive system for a vehicle.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 schematically show an internal combustion engine 10 with two rows of cylinders arranged, for example, in a V-shape, wherein each row of cylinders forms a cylinder group 11, 12.
- the internal combustion engine has an intake system 13 and an exhaust system 14.
- Each cylinder group 11, 12 is associated with an exhaust line 15, 16, wherein in each exhaust line 15, 16 exhaust aftertreatment devices 17, 18; 19, 20, for example, catalysts are arranged.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 show internal combustion engines 10, which are designed as a series engine.
- the cylinders Z of the single cylinder bank are subdivided into cylinder groups 11, 12, wherein each cylinder group 11, 12 is assigned its own exhaust gas line.
- each cylinder group 11, 12 is assigned its own exhaust gas line.
- the cylinders 1 and 4 on the one hand and the cylinders 2 and 3 on the other hand each with its own exhaust aftertreatment device 17, 18; 19, 20 equipped.
- the cylinders Z can be shut off in rows. It is provided that in each case one cylinder group deactivated and the other cylinder group is operated with optimum efficiency.
- the control times of the deactivated cylinder group are set so that minimal friction losses occur. Prerequisite for this is that the timing of the two cylinder groups 11, 12 can be adjusted independently.
- the activation and deactivation of the cylinders Z is cyclically cycled between changed the cylinder groups 11, 12, wherein the timing of the intake and exhaust valves cylinder group is changed between efficiency optimal and friction power minimum setting.
- a bypass line 21, 22 for the exhaust aftertreatment devices 17, 18; 19, 20 are provided, wherein in each bypass line 21, 22, a switching member 23, 24 is arranged.
- Each of the deactivated cylinder group 11; 12 coming relatively cool gases (only air, no exhaust gas components) are at the exhaust aftertreatment devices 17, 18; 19, 20 passed by.
- the intake system 13 has a common intake manifold 25 and a common throttle valve 26 for both cylinder groups 11, 12.
- a separate intake manifold 25a, 25b is provided per cylinder group 11, 12, each intake manifold 25a, 25b having its own throttle valve 26a, 26b.
- FIG. 5 shows the lift curves E, A of the intake and exhaust valves for loss-minimized operation, in each case plotted against the crank angle ⁇ .
- Fig. 7 shows a valve actuating device 1 for carrying out the control timing adjustment.
- the valve operating device 1 has an exhaust camshaft 2 and an intake camshaft 3.
- the exhaust camshaft 2 is driven by a traction means 7 by a crankshaft, not shown.
- About exhaust cam 2a not shown exhaust valves and inlet cam 3a not shown inlet valves are actuated.
- the two camshafts 2, 3 are connected to one another via a coupling drive 4, for example a spur gear or a traction mechanism.
- the exhaust camshaft 2 can be rotated via a first phaser 5.
- a second phase arranged 6, via which the Eilnassnockenwelle 3 can be rotated relative to the exhaust camshaft 2.
- the second phase adjuster 6 between the exhaust camshaft 2 and the coupling drive 4, as indicated in FIG. 6 by dashed lines.
- the adjustment of the intake camshaft 3 is composed of the sum of the rotational movements due to the first phaser 5 and the second phaser 6, wherein not only the adjustment paths, but also the Verstell ausen the two phase shifters 5, 6 for the intake camshaft 3 add.
- the inlet closing is preferably after 610 ° crank angle ⁇ after the top dead center of the ignition.
- the start of the exhaust opening, based on 1 mm stroke, is a maximum of 210 ° crank angle.
- the adjustment angles are ⁇ u / 5 , ⁇ u / 6 ; ßi2,5, ßi2, e for the phase shifter 5, 6 of the first cylinder group 11 and the second cylinder group 12, and the injection quantities in, ii 2 for the cylinder Z of the first cylinder group 11 and for the cylinder Z of the second cylinder group 12 over time t shown.
- a switching sequence between the two cylinder groups 11, 12 can be seen, wherein up to the time Ti, the first cylinder group 11 is deactivated with low-friction control timing and only the second cylinder group 12 is operated by a motor.
- the injection quantity of the second cylinder group 12 corresponds to twice the average value of both cylinder groups for the respective load point, plus an additional amount for overcoming the frictional loss of the deactivated cylinder group 11.
- the switching between the cylinder groups 11, 12 takes place torque neutral, at the time Ti, the deactivated cylinder group 11th be first brought by adjustment of the phase adjuster efficiency optimum timing, as indicated by the curves SSN / SSN 5/6 in Fig. 6 is indicated. Thereafter, at time T 1, the injection is switched from the second cylinder group 12 to the first cylinder group 11, and finally the newly deactivated cylinder group 12 is brought to the minimum friction time as described by the adjustment angles ⁇ i 2 , 5 ⁇ i 2, e. is visible. At time T 2 , the switching operation is completed. With the arrows fmin are the settings of the phase shifter 5, 6 for minimum friction operation, with ⁇ max are the settings of the phase shifters 5, 6 for efficiency-optimal operation called.
- the inventive method can be particularly advantageous in internal combustion engines with four gas exchange valves per cylinder realize.
- FIG. 10 shows schematically an internal combustion engine 101 with a plurality of cylinders 102, fuel being injected directly into the respective combustion chamber via an injection device 103 in each case.
- the injection system has a fuel rail 104, in which a fuel line 105 opens.
- a high-pressure pump 106 is arranged, which possibly takes fuel via a backing pump 107 from a fuel tank 108.
- the control valve 109 Via the control valve 109, the pressure in the fuel line 105 can be controlled in dependence on the engine operating state via an electronic control unit ECU.
- a vehicle drive system 201 shown in FIG. 11, includes an engine 202 having an engine lubrication system 203, a transmission 204 having a transmission lubrication system 205, and a hydraulic system 206.
- a fuel tank 207 is connected via supply lines 208 to the engine lubrication system 203, to the transmission lubrication system 205, and to the hydraulic system
- the fuel tank 207 via fuel lines 209 and a feed pump 210 with at least one fuel injector 211 of the internal combustion engine 202 is connected.
- At least one additive from an additive container 212 and via a metering pump 213 is added to the operating material before it is supplied to the engine lubrication system 203, to the gearbox lubrication system 205 and to the hydraulic system 206.
- the engine lubrication system 203, the transmission lubrication system 205, and the hydraulic system 206 include level sensors 215, 216, 217, through which the respective levels of engine lubricant, gear lubricant, and hydraulic fluid can be monitored.
- the supply of the fuel to the engine lubrication system 203, the Geretemmiersystem 205 and the hydraulic system 206 is controlled by control valves 218, 219, 220 depending on the level, in the oil sump of the oil pan 203 a, the oil collector 205 a, and the hydraulic tank 206 a.
- the oil sump 203 a, the oil chamber 205 a and the hydraulic tank 206 a, are each connected via a reflux valve 221, 222, 223 to a return line 224. connected, via which the used fuel via a check valve 224 a of the fuel line 209 for combustion in the internal combustion engine 202 can be supplied.
- the control valves, 218, 219, 220, and the return valves 221, 222, 223 and the level sensors 215, 216, 217 are connected to a control unit ECU.
- the fuel can consist of unrefined vegetable oil.
- Engine lubricant, transmission lubricant, hydraulic fluid and fuel are supplied from the same service tank 207.
- the used engine lubricant, gear lubricant, or the used hydraulic fluid are burned as fuel long before their life limit is reached.
- the used fuel is fed either into the fuel line 209 or according to the principle of dry sump lubrication directly into the fuel tank 207, as indicated by dashed lines in the figure.
- the preheating 225, 226 may be formed for example by a heater.
- at least one heat exchanger 225, 226 can be used as the preheating device. This can be designed as a module combined with the outlet tube.
- a dedicated buffer 227 may be used which stores a certain amount of fuel which has been preheated during engine operation.
- the oil pan 203a of the engine lubrication system 203, the oil collector 205a of the gear lubrication system 205 and / or the hydraulic reservoir 206a may be embodied as an integral part of the fuel container 207.
- the returning engine lubricating oil is returned to the operating tank 207 according to the principle of dry sump lubrication.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112007002962T DE112007002962A5 (de) | 2006-12-07 | 2007-12-03 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0203106A AT502972B1 (de) | 2006-12-07 | 2006-12-07 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine |
ATA2031/2006 | 2006-12-07 | ||
ATA78/2007 | 2007-01-15 | ||
AT782007A AT502968B1 (de) | 2007-01-15 | 2007-01-15 | Antriebssystem |
ATA453/2007 | 2007-03-22 | ||
AT0045307A AT502872B1 (de) | 2007-03-22 | 2007-03-22 | Verfahren zum absenken der reibleistung im teillastbetrieb bei einer brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008068228A1 true WO2008068228A1 (de) | 2008-06-12 |
Family
ID=39027609
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/063176 WO2008068228A1 (de) | 2006-12-07 | 2007-12-03 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE112007002962A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008068228A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITBO20090027A1 (it) * | 2009-01-22 | 2010-07-23 | Ferrari Spa | Metodo di controllo di un motore a combustione interna pluricilindrico con spegnimento di una parte dei cilindri in condizioni di basso carico |
DE102016200432A1 (de) | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-11 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Brennkraftmaschine im Teilbetrieb |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4467602A (en) * | 1981-10-28 | 1984-08-28 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Split engine control system |
DE19532159A1 (de) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-03-07 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Steuereinrichtung für einen Motor mit variabel ansteuerbaren Zylindern |
WO2004001210A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2003-12-31 | Lotus Cars Limited | De-activation of combustion chambers in a multi-combustion chamber internal combustion engine |
WO2006100575A2 (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-09-28 | Ferrari S.P.A. | Internal combustion engine with deactivation of part of the cylinders and control method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-12-03 DE DE112007002962T patent/DE112007002962A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-12-03 WO PCT/EP2007/063176 patent/WO2008068228A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4467602A (en) * | 1981-10-28 | 1984-08-28 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Split engine control system |
DE19532159A1 (de) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-03-07 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Steuereinrichtung für einen Motor mit variabel ansteuerbaren Zylindern |
WO2004001210A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2003-12-31 | Lotus Cars Limited | De-activation of combustion chambers in a multi-combustion chamber internal combustion engine |
WO2006100575A2 (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-09-28 | Ferrari S.P.A. | Internal combustion engine with deactivation of part of the cylinders and control method thereof |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITBO20090027A1 (it) * | 2009-01-22 | 2010-07-23 | Ferrari Spa | Metodo di controllo di un motore a combustione interna pluricilindrico con spegnimento di una parte dei cilindri in condizioni di basso carico |
DE102016200432A1 (de) | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-11 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Brennkraftmaschine im Teilbetrieb |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112007002962A5 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
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