WO2008060144A1 - Siège de véhicule réagissant à la décélération - Google Patents

Siège de véhicule réagissant à la décélération Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008060144A1
WO2008060144A1 PCT/NL2007/000284 NL2007000284W WO2008060144A1 WO 2008060144 A1 WO2008060144 A1 WO 2008060144A1 NL 2007000284 W NL2007000284 W NL 2007000284W WO 2008060144 A1 WO2008060144 A1 WO 2008060144A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seat
frame
seat belt
backrest
cushion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2007/000284
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michel Coenen
Original Assignee
Chard Safety B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chard Safety B.V. filed Critical Chard Safety B.V.
Priority to JP2009537100A priority Critical patent/JP2010509135A/ja
Priority to EP07834600A priority patent/EP2091777A1/fr
Priority to US12/514,854 priority patent/US8240736B2/en
Publication of WO2008060144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008060144A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/02—Semi-passive restraint systems, e.g. systems applied or removed automatically but not both ; Manual restraint systems
    • B60R22/023—Three-point seat belt systems comprising two side lower and one side upper anchoring devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/4207—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces
    • B60N2/4214—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/4207—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces
    • B60N2/4214—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal
    • B60N2/4221—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal due to impact coming from the front
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42727—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42727—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
    • B60N2/42736—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement of the whole seat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42727—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
    • B60N2/42754—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement of the cushion
    • B60N2/42763—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement of the cushion with anti-submarining systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/18—Anchoring devices
    • B60R22/195—Anchoring devices with means to tension the belt in an emergency, e.g. means of the through-anchor or splitted reel type
    • B60R22/1951—Anchoring devices with means to tension the belt in an emergency, e.g. means of the through-anchor or splitted reel type characterised by arrangements in vehicle or relative to seat belt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/18—Anchoring devices
    • B60R22/26—Anchoring devices secured to the seat

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle seats.
  • a main issue is the safety of the occupant of the seat in case of a collision and in situations of sudden hard breaking.
  • the vehicle seat has a rigid frame structure, often with adjustable reclining angle backrest, which structure is adapted to absorb the weight of the occupant, which is seated in a normal upright position on the seat cushion while the occupant's torso is supported from behind by the backrest cushion.
  • the occupant is facing forward when seated and the collision is considered to be a frontal collision.
  • the seat can be advantageous in case of a rear collision as well.
  • the seat could be arranged facing rearward, although a forward facing arrangement is preferred.
  • vehicle at least includes automobiles, vans, (public transport) buses, mini-buses, coaches, trucks, lorries, race-cars, trains, aeroplanes.
  • the three-point seat belt system has its shoulder guide member for the seat belt integrated in a pillar of the car body.
  • these seats with integrated seat belt system are designed to maintain the occupant as good as possible in his/her normal position, and the seat cushion and backrest are generally designed to maintain their original position.
  • the seat belt exerts a large load on the upper part of the backrest, and it will be understood that in this known seat the backrest and its attachment to the lower part of the seat structure are designed very robust to absorb the large momentum on the backrest and its attachment.
  • pretensioners In order to reduce seat belt slack "pre-tensioners" have been developed, often integrated with a seat belt anchoring member or seat belt lock member. Many pretensioners are pyrotechnic devices, which are triggered upon an actual collision, upon command of a suitable sensor, and then tension the seat belt. Also a pretensioning seat belt retractor is known, which is also governed by a suitable sensor, e.g. based upon the deceleration caused by the braking of the vehicle by the driver. For application in buses etc, with many seats such pretensioners are likely to be too expensive, both in terms of acquisition and maintenance.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved vehicle seat.
  • said seat is equipped with a three-point seat belt system.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle seat that includes a frame structure offer a deceleration responsive mobile support for the occupant, so that upon a deceleration as commonly takes place before collision and/or during the initial phase of collision the occupant moves towards a crash position.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle seat that deals with seat belt slack.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle seat that lessens the occurrence and/or severity of whiplash.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle seat that attains increased occupant safety with a relative low weight seat design.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle seat that provides enhance safety of passengers in a vehicle wherein seats are placed one behind another and/or in a row next to one another, as in a bus, minivan or coach.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle seat that can be placed on a vehicle floor, e.g. a bus or coach floor, with interlinking of the seats to reduce forces acting on the floor.
  • a vehicle floor e.g. a bus or coach floor
  • the backrest frame assembly includes a head rest which extends at the back of the head of the occupant. It is envisaged that this is favourable for reducing (the effects) of whiplash.
  • said mobility can be used to obtain a reduction of seat belt slack during the forward motion.
  • the mobility can be used to bring parts of the frame structure into or at least towards a desired crash position, primarily with the aim to increase occupants safety in a collision.
  • the "mobility" provides both time and a motion path for the occupants body, which allows to bring the body in a more favourable position in collision conditions as well as provides the opportunity to absorb energy in a more gradual manner.
  • the seat such that upon relevant deceleration the hip region or lower portion of the torso of the occupant moves forward along with the seat cushion, preferably with no or minimal slippage of the occupant over the seat cushion as may be enhanced by the inclination effect described below taking place simultaneously.
  • This forward motion of the lower portion of the torso has the advantageous effect that forward tilt motion of the torso, and in particular of the head, is reduced compared to collision with an ordinary seat.
  • the head is subjected to a vehement forward tilting upon collision, thereby abruptly bending the neck, with an equally vehement backwards rebound of the head.
  • the frame structure is such that upon pre-collision braking and/or collision induced deceleration the backrest cushion (or at least an upper part thereof) moves forward over a greater distance than the seat cushion. This allows to "let the backrest follow the back of the occupant” as the torso of the occupant is likely to tilt forward upon vehement braking of the vehicle or collision. This is enhanced in the presence of a headrest which will then follow the head of the occupant.
  • the frame structure is such that upon pre-collision braking and/or collision induced deceleration the backrest cushion (or at least an upper part thereof) is tilted forward, primarily so that this (part of the) backrest follows the back of the forward tilting occupant. This is enhanced in the presence of a headrest which will then follow the head of the occupant.
  • the frame structure is such that pre-collision braking and/or collision induced deceleration the seat cushion frame - in addition to its forward motion - is subjected to a tilting so as to cause a relative raise of a forward portion of the seat cushion frame relative to a rear portion of the seat cushion frame.
  • this "inclination effect” can fully counteract any submarining of the occupant, so the occupant does not slide over the seat cushion, as well as significantly reduce the loads imposed by the seat belt on the occupant.
  • the latter effect is highly relevant as loads imposed on the body by the seat belt often result in serious injury of the occupant.
  • this "inclination effect” is (partly) caused by a lowering of the rear portion of the seat cushion frame.
  • the seat belt effectively is attached to this seat cushion frame, preferably to the rear portion thereof, so that the occupants pelvic region is effectively pulled down along with the descending rear portion of the seat cushion frame.
  • This may produce the positive effect that the head of the occupant is brought in a "lower orbit” and thus effectively moved away from the steering wheel, windshield and/or windshield header bar of a vehicle. For taller occupants this can have very beneficial effects on potential head injuries during a collision.
  • the "front portion only" preferred embodiment of the invention is based on the fact that the inclination effect is caused by a suitable mechanical design of the frame structure itself, and is done without such an actuator, as they are costly (especially in a bus or coach) and need maintenance/supervision.
  • the invention offers the possibility to reduce the likelihood that an occupant hits the backrest of the seat in front of him, as said backrest will have moved forward as well (possibly even when the seat is empty). It can be envisaged to provide a mechanical coupling between seats of this type, so that that a seat with no occupant will be urged towards the crash position as well. This measure can also be applied in situations wherein seats are placed next to one another.
  • the frame structure is such that said forward motion to crash position is induced solely by inertia of the mass of the occupant and of the relevant parts of the seat.
  • This allows to dispense with any actuators in the seat that would be provided to effect the desired motion of the seat cushion and backrest (at least upper part thereof) in case of a pre-collision deceleration.
  • the relevant parts of the frame structure basically "follow" the occupant, which is seated on the seat cushion and also "attached to the seat” with the safety belt, and arrive at the desired crash position.
  • the mobility provided by the frame structure is such that the relevant parts are responsive to even small decelerations, so that said motion towards the crash position already starts even in braking situation where no collision is envisaged by the driver.
  • the frame structure Upon termination of the braking action the frame structure will then return the seat to its normal position, e.g. based on gravity.
  • the seat further includes blocking means that are construed and arranged to block said seat in its normal position and allow for motion towards the crash position upon "the presence of one or more conditions", e.g. an inertia induced increase of a load on said blocking means above a predetermined load level, or a sensing of the deceleration, said deceleration increasing above a predetermined deceleration rate, or any other sensing e.g. of a collision risk (by radar or other distance sensing device), sudden vehicle movements (steering), etc.
  • the seat is blocked in its normal position when the vehicle travels on an incline.
  • the blocking means could a spring loaded detent engaging a part of the frame structure, retaining said frame structure stationary when in normal position, and releasing said frame structure e.g. when a threshold load on the detent is surpassed or when a sensor associated with the detent senses a predetermined deceleration (e.g. as used in seat belt retractors to cause the blocking of the retractor).
  • the seat includes an actuator adapted to force said seat to its crash position upon a command to said actuator, e.g. based on a sensing of the deceleration.
  • the invention envisages not that the relevant seat part not only move forward to said crash position, but also that the frame structure allows for returning of said seat cushion and backrest cushion to their normal position responsive to reduction or termination of deceleration.
  • the frame structure is such that said "return motion" is based primarily on gravity. This is possible when the frame structure causes the centre of gravity of the relevant seat parts and occupant to be raised during forward motion towards the crash position, this centre then striving to return to its lower position when the deceleration is terminated or reduced.
  • retardation or energy absorption means that are effective in "return direction” and serve to reduce the speed of the seat (and occupant) in said return direction (so upon rebound from the collision).
  • Such retardation or energy absorption means could e.g. include an oil damper or other damper (e.g. friction based) (preferably acting only in rebound direction), a sacrificial member in the seat structure which is plastically deformed upon return motion of the seat, etc.
  • the retardation or energy absorption means could e.g. include a further belt with some sort of seat belt retractor mounted on a sacrificial base (on the vehicle floor).
  • the retractor Upon collision the retractor shortens the belt upon forward motion of the seat, land locks upon sudden (collision induced) return motion.
  • the retractor is the moved along with the belt while the sacrificial base gives way and so retards the seat. Should no collision occur, there will be no sudden return motion and the retractor will allow for re-extension of the belt.
  • the integrated seat belt system furthermore includes one or more intermediate seat belt guide members provided in said frame structure at one or more locations spaced from each other and from the shoulder guide member and the retractor or other end terminal of the seat belt, each of said seat belt guide members allowing to guide said seat belt thereby defining a path for said seat belt between said retractor and said seat belt shoulder guide member.
  • This e.g. allows providing the retractor on the frame structure in the area under the seat cushion instead of in the backrest as in the mentioned prior art Recaro seat.
  • the frame structure is such that upon pre-collision braking and/or collision induced deceleration the spatial orientation of said retractor, said one or more intermediate seat belt guides and said shoulder seat belt guide changes with respect to said spatial orientation in normal position thereby causing a lengthening of the path of the seat belt between the retractor and the shoulder guide member, preferably of at least 10 centimetres when said seat is in crash position, preferably between 10 and 50 centimetres, most preferably between 10 and 30 centimetres.
  • This concept is based on the insight that the "mobile support" provided now by the frame structure can be put to use to deal with the problem of seat belt slack.
  • said one or more intermediate seat belt guide members each included a curved guide face for the seat belt mounted stationary on the frame structure.
  • the seat belt guide members can e.g. be a metallic rod or tube integrated in member of the frame along which the seat belt can slide.
  • the frame structure includes a first and second frame member each provided with at least one intermediate seat belt guide member, said first and second frame member being subjected to a change of mutual spatial orientation during motion of the seat from said normal position to the crash position thereby causing a lengthening of the path for the seat belt.
  • the first member is associated with the seat cushion frame assembly and the second member with the backrest frame assembly. This is e.g. practical when the (upper part of) the backrest is designed to move further forward than the seat cushion, thus requiring frame members in each assembly having different "orbits" during said forward motion.
  • a pair of intermediate seat belt guide members is arranged on one of the first and second frame members and another central intermediate seat belt guide member on the other of the first and second frame members, so as to form an open loop in said seat belt around said intermediate guide members, said frame members being construed and arranged to move said central intermediate guide member away from said pair upon motion to the crash position thereby lengthening the path for the seat belt.
  • the guidance of the seat belt along one or more intermediate guide members within the frame structure also allows the designer to "absorb forces within the frame structure" as the structure is loaded by high forces during collision.
  • the seat belt then acts as a "tensile force transmitting element" within the frame structure.
  • the lengthening of the path of the seat belt as mentioned above also allows the seat belt to effect a "retardation" on the forward motion of the seat to its crash position.
  • said one or more intermediate seat belt guide members each included a curved guide face for the seat belt mounted stationary on the frame structure so as to frictionally guide the seat belt there along when contacted by said seat belt.
  • the frame structure and said one or more intermediate seat belt guides therein are such that in normal position of the seat some of the intermediate seat belt guides are spaced from the seat belt, and wherein upon motion towards the crash position said one or more "normally spaced” intermediate seat belt guides come into contact with said seat belt.
  • the invention also relates to seat as described in claims 33 and 35, which can have additional features as in described in the other claims/subclaims and/or the description.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle seat according to claim 39.
  • This seat has a backrest frame and a three-point seat belt system, wherein the shoulder guide for the seat belt is part of the backrest frame and is placed at an angle with respect to the horizontal, the backrest frame further including an inner seat belt guide adjacent to the shoulder guide, which inner seat belt guide also is a part of the backrest frame and is also placed at an inclined orientation, the angle between the inner seat belt guide and the adjacent shoulder guide being less than 90 degrees, the seat belt arriving at the inner seat belt guide from below, then passing from the front to the back of said inner seat belt guide over the guide and then towards the back of the shoulder guide from where the seat belt passes over the shoulder guide to the front of the backrest frame so that it may the then pass over the torso of the occupant, preferably the effective width of the shoulder guide being at least twice the width of the seat belt.
  • the inclined orientation of the shoulder guide has the effect that the position of the seat belt will automatically adjust to the height of the occupant (in particular the position of the shoulder of the occupant). This effect is very advantages in buses etc, wherein nowadays no provisions are present to adjust the shoulder guide. Also as the shoulder guide includes no moving parts, its design is cheap and incorporation in the backrest simple.
  • Fig. 1 shows diagrammatically a first example of a seat according to the invention when in normal position
  • Fig. 2 the seat of figure 1 in crash position
  • FIG. 3 shows diagrammatically a second example of a seat according to the invention when in normal position
  • Fig. 4 the seat of figure 3 in crash position
  • FIG. 5 shows diagrammatically a third example of a seat according to the invention when in normal position
  • Fig. 6 the seat of figure 5 in crash position
  • Fig. 7 shows. diagrammatically a fourth example of a seat according to the invention when in normal position
  • FIG. 8 the seat of figure 7 in crash position
  • Fig. 9 shows diagrammatically a fifth example of a seat according to the invention when in normal position
  • Fig. 10 shows diagrammatically a sixth example of a seat according to the invention when in normal position
  • Fig. 11 an illustration of an example of the backrest of a seat according to claim 33.
  • the figures 1-10 show a section of a vehicle floor 1 , e.g. a floor of a van, (mini-)bus or coach on which the inventive seat is fixed.
  • a vehicle floor 1 e.g. a floor of a van, (mini-)bus or coach on which the inventive seat is fixed.
  • said seat is advantageous as passenger seat in such vehicles, in particular in vehicles wherein multiple rows of one or more seat are situated one behind another.
  • Other applications of the inventive seat e.g. in a car and/or as driver seat, or even in aeroplanes are also contemplated.
  • the seat could also be installed in a sport car.
  • a forward and rearward pivotal connector 2, 3 is fastened belonging to the seat shown. It is envisaged that in a vehicle with multiple rows of one or more seats behind one another the forward pivotal connector of a seat can also function as the rearward pivotal connector of the seat in front of said one seat, e.g. by said pivotal connector having a pivot shaft 2a, 3a common for both seats.
  • the occupant 9 is shown schematically with a head 10, torso 11 with shoulder 12, back 13, lap 14 and legs 15. It is envisaged that the seats are designed to accommodate adult occupants, but a specific child version could be construed as well for certain purposes.
  • the seat 20 is a deceleration responsive vehicle seat for the occupant 9 of the vehicle.
  • the seat 20 has a frame structure adapted to absorb the weight of the occupant 9 and other forces exerted by said occupant on the seat as will be explained in detail below.
  • the frame structure here generally is composed of two assemblies which are linked together namely a seat cushion frame assembly and a backrest frame assembly.
  • the frame elements of the frame structure can be made of steel, but other materials, e.g. suitable plastic materials are also envisaged.
  • the seat cushion frame assembly includes a seat cushion frame 21 and a seat cushion 22 is supported on said seat cushion frame 21.
  • the seat cushion frame 21 extends under at least a major part of the cushion 22.
  • the seat cushion frame assembly here further includes a pivotal frame member 23 which is at its lower end connected to pivotal connector 2 and at its upper end pivotally, by pivotal connector 24, connected to the seat cushion frame member 21 upon which the seat cushion 22 is supported.
  • the backrest frame assembly here includes an upper backrest frame member 25 supporting an upper part 26 of the backrest cushion, and a lower backrest frame member 27 supporting a lower part 28 of the backrest cushion.
  • the seat cushion and/or backrest cushion and/or headrest cushion can have many different designs with or even without resilient properties for the occupant.
  • the cushion can be a relatively thick resilient product (such as now commonly present in automobiles) , a relatively thin and quite stiff thin cushion (as often found in public transport vehicle, e.g. vandal proof), a thin web (e.g. a plastic mesh), a perforated metal plate element, etc.
  • the upper back rest frame member 25 is integral with a pivotal frame member 29 which is connected at its lower end to rearward pivotal connector 3.
  • integrally built upper back rest member 25 and pivotal frame member 29 includes - starting from the rearward pivotal connector 3 - a forwardly directed section 29a (as preferred in a upward inclined orientation with respect to the floor 1) followed by a angled section 29b directed upward and rearward, which is at its upper end integral with the lower end of the member 25.
  • the free angle between the section 29a and the floor 1 allows the member 29 to pivot forward, as can be seen in figure 2.
  • the figures 1,2 also show that the lower backrest frame member 27 is at its upper end pivotally connected, here by pivot connector 30, to the upper backrest member 25 (here about half the height of the back of the occupant). Also it can be seen that the lower end of the lower backrest frame member 27 is at pivot connector 31 pivotally connected to the rear portion of the seat cushion frame member 21.
  • the seat cushion 22 is integral with the lower backrest cushion 28, whereas the upper backrest cushion 26 is a separate part. It will be appreciated that other designs, e.g. with one integral cushion forming both seat cushion as well as lower and upper backrest cushion are also possibly, just as a further division of the cushion into separate parts.
  • the seat cushion frame member 21 includes an integral rearward extension 33 at its rearward end.
  • the seat 20 further includes an integrated three-point seat belt system for the occupant 9. It is noted that a four-point seat belt system or even five point system could also be employed in the seat to offer an even enhanced securing of the occupant in the seat by the seat belt system. As mentioned in a lesser preferred design the seat could include even a simple lap belt seat system and still offer relevant improvements and beneficial effects upon a collision compared to prior art seats with a lap belt system.
  • This seat belt system here includes a seat belt 40 and a seat belt retractor 41, here mounted below the seat cushion 22 on the pivotal frame member 23.
  • the system further includes a seat belt shoulder guide member 42 mounted on the upper backrest frame member 25 so as to guide the seat belt at said location over the shoulder of the occupant 9.
  • the three-point seat belt system further includes a seat belt anchoring member (not visible here) and a seat belt lock member 43 mounted on the frame structure on opposite sides of the seat cushion 22.
  • a lap part of the seat belt extends across the lap or pelvic region 14 of the occupant and a shoulder part extends somewhat diagonally from the shoulder guide 42 across the front of the torso 11 to the lock member 43.
  • the seat 20 also includes a headrest 35 with a head rest frame and headrest cushion.
  • the headrest 35 here is mounted on the upper end of the integrated frame members 29, 25 so as to extend at the back of the head 10.
  • the seat belt 40 follows a path between the retractor 41 and the guide member 42 defined by several intermediate seat belt guide members, here 44, 45, 46, 47, provided in the frame structure at more locations spaced from each other and from the shoulder guide member 42 and the retractor 41.
  • the guide member 45 is arranged on the pivotal frame member 29, here close to the angle therein, and guide member 46 is arranged on extension 33 of the seat cushion frame member 21.
  • the frame structure is thus here essentially composed of pivotally interconnected frame members supporting the cushion parts and also pivotally connected to the vehicle floor 1 (and/or other parts of the vehicle depending on the vehicle design).
  • the figure 2 shows the seat 20 with the occupant 9 when in crash position. This position is reached as a result of pre-collision deceleration of the vehicle, commonly by vehement braking of the vehicle by the driver who foresees a collision. In practice such braking can occur only a very short time before the actual collision takes place, but in a suitable design (as shown here) the seat will already respond to said deceleration. It will need no explanation that upon impact far greater decelerations are experienced and the seat would respond also when no prior pre-collision braking had taken place.
  • the inventive seat aims to "profit" from said deceleration by bringing the seat and occupant in a crash position favourable for the occupant (and also for the occupant of a seat behind when present). It is noted, as will be apparent from this document, that also the motion of the occupant from his/hers original normal seated position towards the crash position (and even the rebound motion when applicable) is highly beneficial for the occupant, mainly in view of forces on the body and spatial motions of portions of the occupants body in crash conditions.
  • the figure 2 shows that both the frame member 25/29 of the backrest frame assembly and the pivotal frame member 23 of the seat cushion frame assembly have pivoted forward.
  • an abutment 4 on the floor engaging member 29 defines an end position for the member 29.
  • the seat cushion 22 and backrest cushion parts 26, 28 have moved in generally forward direction to the crash position when compared to the normal position of figure 1. As such they have "followed” the motion the occupant, whose body wanted to slide forward over the seat cushion and whose torso 11 started to tilt forward away from the backrest (e.g. due to seat belt slack).
  • the frame structure acted in response to the pre- collision braking of the vehicle induced solely by the inertia of the occupant and the relevant seat parts (it can be envisaged that an empty seat in a bus or the like would act in similar manner).
  • the seat 20 here is such that upon motion to said crash position the upper backrest frame member pivots about the pivotal connector 3 on the floor and thus "follows" the angular motion of forward tilting occupants torso 11.
  • the seat 20 has the effect that the upper backrest cushion 26 (and here also the head rest 35) follows the motion of the torso (and of the head) of the occupant.
  • the upper backrest cushion 26 (and here also the head rest 35) follows the motion of the torso (and of the head) of the occupant.
  • this ensures a favourable crash position of the occupant upon impact and also is favourable in view of whiplash commonly resulting from the rebound experienced shortly after impact.
  • the head will still tilt forward with respect to the torso, but the rebound will be less harmful as the upper backrest cushion and the headrest are "close behind" these body portion upon rebound.
  • the frame structure is such that pre-collision braking and/or collision induced deceleration the seat cushion 22 - here as preferred in addition to its forward motion - is subjected to a tilting so as to raise a forward portion of the seat cushion frame member 21 relative to a rear portion of the seat cushion frame member 21.
  • this contributes to the occupant not sliding over the seat cushion or the "submarining effect" as it is known in the art.
  • the front-up tilted orientation of the member 21 allows to transfer as significant part of the "forward directed load" of the occupant onto the member 23 thereby reducing the load on the seat belt 40.
  • a further, highly advantageous effect of the seat 20 upon motion to the crash position is the reduction of seat belt slack, without any sensor-controlled pretensioners or any other active device such as a seat belt tensioner with active control coupled to a collision/danger sensing system.
  • the inventive seat may be combined with such pretensioners or system.
  • the frame structure and the arrangement of the intermediate seat belt guides thereon is such that upon pre-collision braking and/or collision induced deceleration the spatial orientation of said retractor 41 , intermediate seat belt guides 44-47 and said shoulder seat belt guide 42 changes with respect to said spatial orientation in normal position thereby causing a lengthening of the path of the seat belt between the retractor 41 and the shoulder guide member 42.
  • said path is lengthened by at least 10 centimetres, more preferably between 10 and 50 centimetres, most preferable between 10 and 30 centimetres.
  • the retractor 41 is replaced by an end terminal having no retraction capabilities, so that the end of the seat belt is fixed here. This is e.g. possible if other length adjusting arrangements are provided in the seat belt (e.g. as were common in the time prior to the development of seat belt retractors).
  • the guides 42-47 all include curved guide face for the seat belt, and said guides 42-47 are mounted stationary on the frame structure.
  • seat belt guide 46 it can be observed in figure 1 that in normal position of the seat this guide is spaced from the seat belt 40, and upon motion to the crash position said "normally spaced" intermediate seat belt guide 46 comes into contact with said seat belt.
  • the seat belt 40 here also serves to "retard” or “brake” the frame structure when moving to its forward crash position. Also stretching of the seat belt here act as an internal tension- transmitting member in then frame structure which could be favourable for the load to be absorbed by other members of the frame and possibly allow for reduction of their robustness and thus allow to save weight.
  • the seat belt guides not only lengthen the path for the seat belt but also frictionally engage the seat belt when contacted by said seat belt.
  • the relevant seat belt guide may also be low friction design and/or include rollers along which the seat belt is passed.
  • the seat 20 - as is preferred - is designed to allow returning of the seat cushion 22 and backrest cushions 26, 28 (and the associated frame structure) to their normal position responsive to rebound of the seat and occupant resulting from the collision.
  • the rebounding occupant is "caught" by the backrest (which could be cupped as explained) and the backrest and the seat cushion are able to move along with the rearwardly thrown occupant. So the rebounding occupant is supported by the seat during most of the rebound displacement reducing injury and/or severity thereof.
  • the seat 20 has a frame structure that allows for returning of said seat cushion and backrest cushion to their normal position responsive to reduction or termination of deceleration.
  • the frame structure is adapted to allow for returning of said seat cushion and backrest cushion from the crash position to their normal position responsive to reduction or termination of deceleration based on gravity acting on the seat and occupant as the skilled person will appreciate from the drawings.
  • the seat 20 could include blocking means that are construed and arranged to block said seat 20 in its normal position and allow for motion to the crash position upon one or more conditions being detected, e.g. an inertia induced increase of a load on said blocking means above a predetermined load level, or a sensing of the deceleration, said deceleration increasing above a predetermined deceleration.
  • 4 seat 80 has a lower backrest frame member 27 which includes a lower extension 27a below pivot connector 31. On said extension a further intermediate and central seat belt guide member 48 is arranged. Another seat belt guide member 49 is arranged on frame member 29 so as to from a pair with member 45. As can be seen the seat belt forms an open loop while being slung along said members 45, 48 and 49. As the frame members 27a, 29 are construed and arranged to move said central intermediate guide member away from said pair upon motion to the crash position the path for the seat belt is lengthened effectively. In addition a significant retardation effect is caused by this open loop arrangement.
  • extension 27a is linked via a linkage arm 36 to the frame member 23 having pivot connectors at both ends of the arm 36.
  • seat cushion frame member 21 is now arranged to slide forward with respect to the supporting frame member 23 upon motion to the crash position.
  • Figures 7, 8 show seat 120 the lower and upper backrest cushion both being arranged on member 29/25.
  • the seat cushion frame member 21 is a monolithic structure having a lower portion 21b which extends below the seat cushion 22 and a raised rear portion 21a which extends behind the occupants lower back.
  • side frame members 21b of the frame member 21 extend on either side of the seat cushion and are fitted to the lower and raised rear portion of the frame member 21 for increased stability (and also providing side impact resistance).
  • the seat belt lock member 43 is attached to this frame member 21.
  • the cushion frame member 21 is at a relative high location (at 30) connected to backrest frame assembly 25. Locating this pivotal connection high up, preferably above the upper surface of the seat cushion, has positive effects, such as the increase stability of the backrest frame member when loaded by the seat belt, in turn allowing for weight reduction of the backrest frame member.
  • the seat belt retractor 41 here is mounted on the backrest frame assembly member.
  • pivotal connector 3 is here located rearward from the backrest frame. Such a location of the pivot point can be advantageous, but the rearward extension of the lower portion of this frame could be considered problematic (e.g. a in bus for passengers sitting on the seats in a row further behind).
  • pivotal connectors e.g. multi-link connectors, can simulate an imaginary pivot point located rearward of the backrest frame while the connector itself is located within the vertical projection of the seat.
  • the frame member 23 of the seat cushion frame assembly is equipped with a support member 23a which, in the normal position of the seat, rests upon the floor or a floor mounted abutment member or stop 4. This creates a stable position of the seat during normal driving.
  • Figure 9 also depicts a further option, namely to pass the seat belt 40 between the backrest frame and the backrest cushion.
  • This has the effect that the seat belt is clamped to a certain extend when the occupant sits in the seat and so allows the occupant to arrange the seat belt in a desirable manner without the seat belt retractor undoing said desirable manner.
  • this clamping effect becomes undone and the seat belt retractor becomes active. It is thought that this effect may induce more people to actually use their seat belt.
  • the same seat cushion frame member 21 is shown.
  • the backrest frame assembly 25 is formed by one monolithic structure of an essentially straight design.
  • the pivotal connector 3 provides a pivot point effectively at the lower end of said assembly 25.
  • the seat belt 40 passes from a seat belt retractor 41 on or located adjacent to backrest frame assembly upwards along said frame assembly to guide 42.
  • the seat belt runs in between intermediate guide members 45, 48, 49 to effect a shortening of the seat belt path as explained above.
  • the inventive seat allows car designers to achieve many additional advantages.
  • One such advantage lies in the side impact collision.
  • the seat belt is fully integral with the seat (so all items as retractor, lock and anchoring points being mounted on the seat structure) than sideways displacement of the entire seat has less negative effect of the loads imposed by the seat belt on the passenger than in common situations wherein seat belt shoulder guide and lock member are mounted on the vehicle body.
  • the inventive seat could include a reclining mechanism for the backrest or part of the backrest when desired.
  • Arranging the shoulder guide on the seat structure also allows designers to do away with or "slim down" the central pillar of the vehicle body between the front and rear side doors of the vehicle.
  • this pillar should be designed to absorb the seat belt forces on the shoulder guide mounted on said pillar, which impose severe restrictions on the design thereof.
  • the seat could be designed to provide mobility at all times, so without any blocking means as explained above. It is expected that such an unblocked design or a design allowing in a blocked mode a certain limited range of mobility (or when allowing overriding the blocking means by the occupant/vehicle driver) may contribute to counter the effect of carsickness (e.g. of children),
  • the seat according to the invention could be arranged directly forward of the luggage compartment of a vehicle, the seat effectively delimiting said compartment. This can be highly advantageous as upon a collision the seat will move forward allowing the luggage to follow. This avoids overloading of the seat by the inertia forces of the luggage as is observed in many prior art seats.
  • a luggage cover or luggage net e.g. a fabric or a solid cover
  • the seat is combined with a luggage compartment cover which is normally in horizontal position. It is envisaged to provide a mechanical linkage between the seat and the cover which is adapted to cause an upward pivotal motion of the cover upon collision induced motion of the seat, e.g. to an essentially vertical position. In said way the cover would form a protection against luggage that is catapulted forward over the seats.
  • FIG 11 depicts a second aspect of the invention by way of an example. It is noted that this second aspect may be advantageously integrated in the seat according to the present invention. It however also noted that this second aspect may also be integrated in vehicle seat with a prior art design, such as with a fixed backrest frame (or just with inclining system allowing to set the desired inclination) .
  • the figure shows the upper portion of a backrest of a vehicle seat, as well as a seat belt as part of a three-point seat belt system.
  • the shoulder guide 42 is part of the backrest frame 25, and in particular the guide is placed at an angle with respect to the horizontal.
  • a corresponding "inner seat belt guide 60 is provided, adjacent to the shoulder guide 42 and also a part of the backrest frame 25.
  • both guides 42, 60 are formed by tubular elements of the backrest frame.
  • the guide 60 is also placed at an inclined orientation, the angle between the guides 42, 60 being less than 90 degrees.
  • the seat belt 40 arrives at the guide 60 from below, is then passed from the front of said guide 60 to the back of said guide 60 (over the guide) and then towards the back of the guide 42.
  • the seat belt passes over the guide 42 to the front of the backrest frame and then over the torso of the occupant (not shown here).
  • the effective width of the guide 42 is at least twice the width of the seat belt 40.
  • the inclined orientation of the guide 42 has the effect that the position of the seat belt will automatically adjust to the height of the occupant (in particular the position of the shoulder of the occupant). This effect is very advantages in buses etc, wherein nowadays no provisions are present to adjust the shoulder guide. Also as the shoulder guide includes no moving parts, its design is cheap and incorporation in the backrest simple.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Siège de véhicule réagissant à la décélération (20) pour occupant (9) de véhicule, comprenant une structure cadre conçue pour absorber le poids de l'occupant et d'autres forces qu'exerce l'occupant sur le siège. La structure comprend un ensemble cadre de coussin de siège qui comporte un cadre de coussin de siège (21), le coussin (22) reposant sur ce cadre, et la structure comprend aussi un ensemble cadre de dossier (25, 27), un coussin de dossier à parties supérieure et inférieure (26, 28), ledit coussin de dossier reposant sur ledit ensemble cadre de dossier. Le coussin de siège et le coussin de dossier soutiennent l'occupant en position normale assise verticale. Le siège comprend aussi un système de fixation de structure de cadre (2, 3) conçu et situé pour fixer ladite structure à la carrosserie. Le siège comprend encore un système de ceinture de siège intégré (40,41,42,43) pour l'occupant.
PCT/NL2007/000284 2006-11-14 2007-11-14 Siège de véhicule réagissant à la décélération WO2008060144A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009537100A JP2010509135A (ja) 2006-11-14 2007-11-14 減速応答性車両用シート
EP07834600A EP2091777A1 (fr) 2006-11-14 2007-11-14 Siège de véhicule réagissant à la décélération
US12/514,854 US8240736B2 (en) 2006-11-14 2007-11-14 Deceleration responsive vehicle seat

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NLPCT/NL2006/000570 2006-11-14
NL2006000570 2006-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008060144A1 true WO2008060144A1 (fr) 2008-05-22

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ID=39009625

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PCT/NL2007/000284 WO2008060144A1 (fr) 2006-11-14 2007-11-14 Siège de véhicule réagissant à la décélération

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8240736B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2091777A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010509135A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008060144A1 (fr)

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WO2011116019A2 (fr) * 2010-03-17 2011-09-22 Richard Swierczewski Siège de sécurité de véhicule
CN107031474A (zh) * 2017-06-05 2017-08-11 张英 一种防爆悬挂座椅的吊挂结构
FR3110522A1 (fr) * 2020-05-20 2021-11-26 Faurecia Sièges d'Automobile Siège de véhicule comprenant un dispositif de sécurité

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US11485254B2 (en) 2018-04-09 2022-11-01 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company System and method for adjusting an interior configuration of a vehicle in response to a vehicular accident
US11046266B1 (en) 2018-06-04 2021-06-29 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company System and method for dampening impact to a vehicle
US10836401B1 (en) 2018-07-13 2020-11-17 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company Dynamic limiting of vehicle operation based on interior configurations
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US11465583B2 (en) 2021-02-04 2022-10-11 Toyota Research Institute, Inc. Producing a force to be applied to a seatbelt in response to a deceleration of a vehicle
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WO2011116019A3 (fr) * 2010-03-17 2012-01-12 Richard Swierczewski Siège de sécurité de véhicule
CN107031474A (zh) * 2017-06-05 2017-08-11 张英 一种防爆悬挂座椅的吊挂结构
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8240736B2 (en) 2012-08-14
US20100066116A1 (en) 2010-03-18
JP2010509135A (ja) 2010-03-25
EP2091777A1 (fr) 2009-08-26

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