Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
  • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
  • F16H57/082—Planet carriers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
  • Y10T29/49696—Mounting

Definitions

• the invention relates to a planetary gear unit according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing a Planetenrad- unit according to the preamble of claim. 9
• a planetary gear unit also called a planetary gear set, generally consists of a planet carrier (planet carrier), mounted in the planet carrier planet pins (Planetenradbolzen) and planets (planetary gears), which are mounted on the planet pins.
• the planet carrier may be constructed from a forming part with angled arms and a guide disc or consist of two parallel guide plates, which are connected to each other via rivet bolts.
• Such a planet carrier was known from EP 1 214 536 B1 of the applicant, wherein the rivet pins are caulked with the guide discs.
• the guide disks are produced as fineblanking parts and have holes in which frontally arranged pins of the rivet bolts are inserted and then caulked. When caulking the pin ring prongs engage on the one hand from the tool side and on the other hand from the rivet pin side in the guide discs and thus prevent the material from evading.
• Fineblanking is a well-known process, which is defined as follows in accordance with K. Lange, Umformtechnik, Volume 3, Blechbearbeitung, Springer-Verlag 1990, page 152 ff: "Fineblanking is cutting and punching of workpieces made of flat metal products at a specifically changed state of stress in the shear zone without crack formation in the cutting surface which can be used as a functional surface by means of an insert, cutting punch, holding-down device and ejector. "Immediately before cutting, a ring tooth is pressed into the workpiece (sheet metal) at a small distance from the cutting line. be superimposed by compressive stresses in the shear area. This ultimately results in the smooth and crack-free cut surface.
• the applicant's EP 1 266 154 B1 has disclosed a method for the positionally accurate assembly of a planetary gear unit, in which planet pins are caulked with the guide disks in a manner similar to the aforementioned rivet bolts.
• the planet pins have frontally each shoulders and pins, which are used in perforations of the guide discs with radial play. Thereafter, the pins are caulked and filled the radial gaps by the outwardly displaced material of the pins. By engagement of serrations, the material of the guide discs is clamped in the area of the perforations.
• the invention is based on the object to improve a planetary gear unit of the type mentioned in terms of their structure such that an accurate centering and alignment of the bolt, in particular the planet pins is achieved. Moreover, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for producing such a planetary gear unit, wel Ches allowed a positionally accurate assembly of the individual parts of the planetary gear unit.
• the bolts have circumferential cutting edges and are cut into the guide disks by means of these cutting edges.
• the bolts have in the region of their circumferential cutting edges on a diameter which is larger than the pre-punched opening in the guide discs, d. H. the bolts have an excess over the hole diameter.
• the planetary gear unit preferably comprises a planet carrier, which is formed from two guide discs, which are interconnected by rivet pins.
• a planet carrier which has no rivet bolts, but a forming part with the rivet bolts replacing arms, which are connected to a guide disc.
• the bolts can preferably be designed as planet pins, as rivet bolts or as rivet and planet pins, which thus fulfill both the function of a planetary bolt and a rivet bolt.
• a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the incision depth, ie the path of the cutting edges in the material of the guide discs corresponds approximately to half the thickness of the guide discs.
• the displaced from the cutting edges material of the guide discs is located after completion of the incision on the shoulders and the pin of the bolt. The outside of the guide discs thus remains flat.
• the ring of displaced material thus forms an axial abutment of the planet pins in the guide discs.
• the guide discs are first pre-perforated, which can be done by fine blanking.
• the hole diameter is significantly greater than the outer diameter of the pins, so that the pins of the bolts can be inserted with radial play in the holes.
• the outer diameter of the bolts in the region of the circumferential cutting edges is greater than the inner diameter (bore diameter) of the hole, d. H. he has an excess of the bore.
• the planetary gear unit is completed, d. H.
• the necessary items are completely assembled, such as planet gears, thrust washers, etc ..
• the guide discs are moved towards each other by opposing punch to each other so that the cutting edges of the bolts cut into the meat of the guide discs and this material radially in both cutting directions and transverse to the cutting direction displace inside.
• the previously existing radial gap between pin and hole is filled.
• the punches have circumferential serrations which are engraved in the outside of the guide discs. or engage in prefabricated grooves, exert a compressive stress and prevent the material from dodging in the radial direction to the outside.
• the material of the guide disc is thus clamped between the serrations of the spinning tool and the peripheral cutting edge of the bolt, which thus acts as a cutting punch.
• the superimposed compressive stress results in a fine cutting similar cutting process, which has a smooth, crack-free cut surface in the guide disc result. This results in the advantage of a clean contact of the bolt on the guide disc and a defined transmission of circumferential forces.
• the depth of the incision is also a function of the permissible surface pressure between the pin and the guide plate.
• the bolts are centered and aligned before the engagement of the serrations or the cutting. This can be done by appropriately aligned, provided with conical tips stamp, which engage in frontal centering of the bolt and thus cause the desired centering. After centering then takes place the engagement of the serrations, which hold the guide discs, and then or at the same time the cutting of the cutting edges.
• 1a is a detail X of FIG. 1,
• Fig. 2 shows the detail of the planetary gear unit after a second process step
• Fig. 3 shows the detail of the planetary gear unit after the last process step, ie in the finished state.
• Fig. 1 shows a section of a preassembled planetary gear unit 1, of which a first guide plate 2 and a second guide plate 3 are partially shown. Both guide plates 2, 3 can be connected to each other by rivet pins, not shown, or one of the two guide discs may be formed as a cup-shaped forming part with arms, which take over the function of rivet bolts. Between the two guide discs 2, 3, a planetary pin 4 is arranged, which end face pin 5, 6 has. In the guide discs 2, 3 holes 7, 8 (perforations) are arranged, which are preferably - as well as the entire guide discs 2, 3 - produced by fineblanking - resulting in smooth and crack-free cut surfaces.
• the planetary pin 4 has between the guide discs 2, 3 an outer diameter D1, the bore 8 has an inner diameter D2 and the pin 6 has an outer diameter D3, wherein the following relationship applies:
• the outer diameter D1 of the planetary pin 4 is offset from the pins 5, 6 via a shoulder 9, 10, which is formed in its radially outer region as a circumferential cutting edge 11, 12, which is shown in an enlarged view in Fig. 1a.
• the planetary pin 4 has a longitudinal bore 4 a, which is open to the end face of the pin 6, and a coaxially arranged blind hole 4 b, which is open to the end face of the pin 5.
• the device 13 further shows a device 13 for carrying out the method according to the invention for producing, in particular for positionally accurate assembly of the planetary gear unit 1.
• the device 13 has an underside. part 13a and an upper part 13b, which each consist of a sleeve-shaped pressing tool 14, 15 and a longitudinally movably guided punch 16, 17.
• the sleeve-shaped pressing tools 15, 16 have at their end faces in each case a circumferential annular tooth 14 a, 15 a, which engage in an annular groove 2 a, 3 a of the guide discs 2, 3.
• the punches 16, 17 have at their end faces frustoconical tips 16a, 17a, which engage in the longitudinal bore 4a and the blind hole 4b.
• the planetary gear unit 1 engages the lower part 13a while the upper part 13b is still disengaged.
• the planetary gear unit 1 rests with its lower guide disk 3 on the sleeve-shaped spinning tool 15, wherein the ring teeth 15a engages in the annular groove 3a.
• the centering pin 17a engages in the blind hole 4b and thus already assumes a centering of the lower part of the planetary pin 4 within the bore 7.
• the planetary gear unit 1 is - which is not shown - already completed in this position, ie all between the guide plates 2, 3 to be arranged items such as planetary gears, thrust washers, rivet bolts are completely pre-assembled.
• Fig. 1a shows as a detail X of Fig. 1, the circumferential cutting edge 12 of the shoulder 10 in an enlarged view.
• the cutting edge 12 is essentially formed by two surfaces, namely the cylindrical lateral surface 4c of the planet pin 4 and a conical or curved cutting surface 4d, which encloses a cutting angle ⁇ with the lateral surface 4c, which is preferably smaller than 90 °.
• the cutting edge 11 is also formed.
• FIG. 2 shows the planetary gear unit 1 according to FIG. 1 and the device 13 in a second method step.
• the upper part 13b of the device 13 consisting of the sleeve-shaped pressing tool 14 and the punch 16 guided therein, has moved downwards so far that the centering tip 16a in FIG the hole 4a and the ring point 14a engage in the groove 2a.
• a tension of the guide discs 2, 3 with respect to the cutting edges 12, 11 is achieved.
• the distance of the inner surfaces of the two guide discs 2, 3 is marked with a1 and corresponds to the distance between the two circumferential cutting edges 11, 12 in the longitudinal direction of the planetary bolt 4th
• Fig. 3 shows the planetary gear unit 1 and the device 13 after the last step, d. H. the connection between planet pins 4 and guide plates 2, 3 is completed.
• the sleeve-shaped pressing tools 14, 15 moved against each other and have the guide discs 2, 3 moved toward each other, so that they now have a distance a2, which is smaller than the previous distance a1 shown in FIG.
• the planetary pin 4 has been cut with its cutting edges 11, 12 in the material of the guide plates 2, 3, to an incision depth of s / 2, where s is the thickness of a guide plate 2, 3.
• the displaced by the cutting material of the guide plates 2, 3 forms an annular portion 18, 19, hereinafter referred to as displacement ring 18, 19, which is respectively in the cutting direction in front of the cutting edges 11, 12 and the pins 5, 6 encloses, d. H. the previous annular gap 7, 8 (see Fig. 1) is at least partially filled. Since the displaced material is displaced not only upwards but also radially inwards by the cutting process, in particular also by the inclined cutting surface 4d shown in FIG. 1a, the outer surfaces of the guide disks 2, 3 remain relatively flat.
• the upper device part 13b can now be moved back, and the planetary gear unit 1 can be removed from the device 13 as a fully assembled part.
• the method according to the invention for cutting the planet pins into the guide disks comes very close to the known fine blanking, in particular due to the use of the annular prongs, which superimpose a compressive stress on the shear stress in the shear area of the guide disk and thus lead to a flow of the material. This results in a smooth cut surface in the guide disk, which is less notch sensitive and prevents the formation of cracks.
• the method described above can also be applied to rivets or bolts, which perform both the function of a planetary bolt and a rivet bolt.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Retarders (AREA)
• General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
• Pulleys (AREA)
• Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
• Pressure Sensors (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=38814461

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

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Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 2006
  • 2006-10-24 DE DE102006049996A patent/DE102006049996A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2007
  • 2007-10-10 WO PCT/EP2007/060773 patent/WO2008049730A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-10-10 DE DE502007004599T patent/DE502007004599D1/de active Active
  • 2007-10-10 EP EP07821141A patent/EP2084433B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2007-10-10 CN CN2007800384847A patent/CN101589249B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-10-10 JP JP2009533777A patent/JP2010507763A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-10-10 AT AT07821141T patent/ATE475822T1/de active
  • 2007-10-10 US US12/446,889 patent/US8172718B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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