WO2008049670A1 - Dispositif d'équilibrage de pression pour la ventilation d'un réservoir - Google Patents

Dispositif d'équilibrage de pression pour la ventilation d'un réservoir Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008049670A1
WO2008049670A1 PCT/EP2007/059023 EP2007059023W WO2008049670A1 WO 2008049670 A1 WO2008049670 A1 WO 2008049670A1 EP 2007059023 W EP2007059023 W EP 2007059023W WO 2008049670 A1 WO2008049670 A1 WO 2008049670A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
pressure
volume
environment
flow rate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/059023
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Haeberer
Matthias Horn
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2008049670A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008049670A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • B65D90/32—Arrangements for preventing, or minimising the effect of, excessive or insufficient pressure
    • B65D90/34—Venting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/18—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on either side
    • F16K17/19—Equalising valves predominantly for tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1466—Means for venting air out of conduits or tanks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • reducing agents are introduced into the exhaust stream.
  • Liquid reducing agents for example urea in aqueous solution
  • a tank which is carried in the motor vehicle.
  • an overpressure or underpressure can arise in the tank, which impairs the function of the denitrification plant. Therefore, such systems include venting valves, i. Pressure equalizing valves that can balance the inside of the tank with the environment.
  • These valves have a spring-loaded valve seat (ball in seat) and vent the inside of the tank at a set opening pressure, i. Pressure difference between the tank interior and the environment.
  • the ventilation takes place by means of a line that leads from the tank to the environment, the air valves are mounted somewhere between the tank and the end of the ventilation line.
  • Ventilation by means of overpressure valves leads to intermittent and highly concentrated vents, which generate noticeable odor nuisance, especially in closed buildings such as garages. Furthermore, these valves tend to crystallize by reducing agent, which partially wets the valves. This is accompanied by an increased risk of corrosion and high maintenance. In addition, these valves can be damaged if they are wetted with reducing agent, which freezes due to low ambient temperatures and thus deforms the valve. Further, no pressures are balanced, which are smaller than the opening pressure of the valve, so that the tank is always below a minimum pressure. This minimum pressure impairs the function of the reductant delivery system.
  • the pressure compensation device according to the invention compensates even the smallest differences in pressure and thus prevents over- or underpressure-related impairment of the injection system. Furthermore, it can be dispensed with a pressure relief valve, resulting in a significant cost reduction. Existing ventilation systems can be easily converted by replacing the pressure relief valve.
  • the pressure compensation device according to the invention comprises no moving parts which are permanently deformed in the case of freezing.
  • the pressure compensation device according to the invention is water repellent and therefore offers a lower attack surface for crystal formation and damage by freezing.
  • the use of the pressure compensation device according to the invention allows the almost pressure-free operation of the tank, with inadmissible deformation of the tank by the internal pressure (for example, by temperature fluctuations) can be avoided.
  • the pressure compensation device according to the invention allows a slow pressure equalization, so that form only low ammonia concentrations in the environment when venting the tank. Therefore, the pressure compensation device according to the invention is particularly advantageous for vehicles that are parked in closed spaces.
  • Figure 1 shows the principle of a motor vehicle Abgasentstickungssystem as a block diagram and the vent principle according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the pressure compensation device according to the invention in longitudinal section.
  • FIG. 1 shows by reference numerals 10, 12, 22 and 24 the block diagram of a pressure compensation device according to the prior art.
  • the motor vehicle exhaust gas denitrification system in which the pressure equalization device according to the invention is used will be explained below with reference to FIG.
  • a delivery module 16 conveys the reducing agent 14b present in the tank.
  • the reducing agent 14 b is thereby pumped into a line 18, which feeds a metering module 20.
  • the metering module 20 sprays the pumped reducing agent 14b into the exhaust gas flow, as shown by the dashed lines on the metering module 20.
  • reducing agent 14b which is usually an aqueous urea solution
  • air 14a which occupies the place of the already promoted reducing agent.
  • variable ambient temperatures which originate, for example, from the motor vehicle and are also influenced by the prevailing ambient temperature, act.
  • the temperature of the tank contents can fall below 0 0 C in frost.
  • the operation of the motor vehicle results in high temperatures, which under certain circumstances can fall relatively quickly to the ambient temperature after switching off the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, there are differences in temperature when driving from a cool garage to the outside, when there are high temperatures.
  • valves such as spring-loaded valves 10, 12.
  • These valves open from a certain pressure difference and compensate when activated the pressure difference abruptly.
  • pressure differences smaller than the triggering pressure of the valves 10, 12 are not compensated.
  • bi-directional valves 10, 12 have hysteresis and minimum pressures remaining have, pressure differences across the vent line 24 with the environment 22 balanced.
  • FIG. 2 shows the pressure compensation device according to the invention in longitudinal section.
  • a tank wall 115 defines a tank contents that is subject to pressure fluctuations as described above. The pressure fluctuations are compensated by volume flows 130 which lead from the environment 122 into the tank 114 or from the tank 114 into the environment.
  • the tank When the tank contents are heated, the tank builds up pressure, since the volume is limited by the tank wall 115, so that a corresponding volume of air can be discharged through the line 124 into the environment. If the temperature of the tank inlet 114 and thus the pressure drops, air from the environment 122 can be sucked into the tank 114 via the line 124 in the same way.
  • the pressure compensation device In order to avoid corrosion, odor nuisance and concentration changes of the reducing agent in the tank 114, the pressure compensation device according to the invention is provided, which compensates the pressure via a throttle 110.
  • a throttle 110 By using a throttle 110, the minimum pressure is bypassed, which is not compensated when using a valve. Rather, takes place via the throttle 110, a complete pressure equalization, but without connecting the tank interior directly to the environment 122.
  • the restrictor 110 limits the flow of the ammonia-containing air mixture 14a, which is present in the interior of the tank 114, whereby the ammonia concentration in the outside air is greatly limited. Furthermore, the slow and continuous pressure equalization results in a large part of the ammonia / air mixture or another gas mixture, which arises when storing reducing agent for exhaust gas removal in a tank, remaining in the line 124 in the section 132 which lies between the Throttle 110 and the environment 122 is arranged. On the other hand, a quick, sudden venting would, by vortex formation, result in a strong jerky contamination of the outside air 122, even if the same volume is equalized.
  • the throttle 110 preferably comprises a ventilation insert which is to be inserted as close to the tank as possible into the conduit 124.
  • the ammonia-containing air 14a which escapes via the ventilation insert, initially remains in this line 124 and, if appropriate, can be sucked back into the tank 114 depending on operating conditions. For example, upon cooling of the tank 114, without ever having escaped into the environment 122. In addition, there is a sudsaugungs so when further reducing agent is promoted.
  • the odor load especially in confined spaces - for example in a garage where the motor vehicle is parked - is very low, since the ammonia-containing air volume in the venting line 124, i. in the line that equalizes the pressure, always changes from one to the other side of the ventilation insert or the throttle 110 and thus is not discharged into the environment 122.
  • the throttle is provided by a ventilation insert 110 which is inserted into the pressure equalization line 124.
  • the insert can be inserted into a corresponding holder, which in turn is connected to the line 124.
  • the ventilating insert is in the form of a tablet, for example 10 mm high and 10 mm in diameter, and is slightly permeable to gas due to its high porosity, the low gas permeability, e.g. the low flow rate is mainly caused by flow resistances and by small line cross sections and / or by diffusion effects. As a result, the resulting positive or negative pressure is reduced gradually and not abruptly.
  • the gas permeability of the ventilation insert is provided by using porous materials.
  • sintered plastic is used, for example a polyamide or polyethane.
  • plastics are polypropene, polybutadiene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polytetrafluoroethene and polyacrylates and polyurethanes.
  • Any plastic is suitable that can be processed into more or less fine or coarse powders and forms a pore space by sintering, which greatly limits the volume flow through the substance, but does not prevent it.
  • the gas permeability can be determined during sintering of such plastic powders by the following parameters: powder grain strength, pressing pressure, sintering temperature and sintering time.
  • other porous materials can be used as sintered materials, for example metal powder.
  • porous ceramic materials as throttle or ventilation insert is possible.
  • a ventilation insert is provided which substantially limits the flow rate and thus prevents direct access to the environment, which would otherwise result in excessive odor nuisance by the ammonia / air. Mixture in the tank 114 would lead.
  • the flow rate should be such that the flow substantially or substantially corresponds to the volume change due to temperature change and / or by conveying the tank contents.
  • the ventilation insert provides a flow rate of 50 ml / min at a pressure difference of approximately 0.1 hPa, so that a corresponding volume difference of 300 ml is compensated within approximately 6 minutes.
  • a volume difference of this magnitude arises, for example, when 10 1 of the tank 114 are filled with ammonia / air mixture and the temperature of the gas mixture of 50 0 C to 40 0 C falls. If the tank 114 is almost completely filled with reducing agent, ie an aqueous solution, then a temperature change only leads to small volume changes. The essential part of the volume change is given by the gas volume, so that takes place at nearly empty tank 114, ie a nearly complete filling with gas mixture, the strongest volume compensation.
  • the connection between tank 114 and line 124 is provided at one of the uppermost points of the tank 114, so that even with a full tank 114 is avoided that the reducing agent passes through the line 124.
  • the flow rate through the restrictor 110 depends negatively exponentially on the pressure difference, so that there is always a theoretical pressure difference after finite exchange time, but this pressure difference compared to the prior art is negligible and does not affect the Entstickungssystems.
  • the throttle 110 may be dimensioned such that even with a maximum expected temperature drop only as little ammonia / air mixture from the line 124 occurs, so that only a slight or barely noticeable odor occurs. In other words, the throttle can also be dimensioned such that a certain, steadily decreasing pressure difference is accepted for a certain time.
  • the material of the throttle 110 has liquid-repellent properties. If, as described above, a ventilation projection of porous plastic, for example sintered plastic, is used as the throttle 110, then the pressure compensation device according to the invention has a lower sensitivity to icing and frost. At the same time in this case, the pressure compensation device according to the invention is less contaminated by crystal formation and thus has a higher density even after prolonged operation.
  • a ventilation projection of porous plastic for example sintered plastic
  • the throttle 110 is carried close to the tank, and the leading into the environment 122 line 124 encloses in a section 132 between the throttle 110 and the environment 122, a volume which corresponds to the volume, wel Ches must pass through the throttle 110 during normal operation for pressure equalization.
  • the line 124 in this section has a larger diameter, wherein alternatively or additionally a buffer vessel having a significantly larger cross-section or significantly larger volume is provided.
  • a pipe or a hose can be used, which serves as a pot and can accommodate a volume which corresponds to a maximum expected change in volume.
  • the maximum expected volume change corresponds to the largest expected temperature change, for example, within one minute from -10 0 C to +70 0 C and affects the entire volume that occupies the tank 114.
  • a pot having approximately one third of the volume of the tank 114, ie in this case about 3 liters, will suffice.
  • the tank 114 will warm up over this temperature range and be the throttle 110 is set to allow passage of nearly all of the volume difference during this time, then the pot volume and line volume stores all of the ammonia / air mixture exiting the tank.
  • the throttle 110 has a relatively high permeability, it can be collected by means of a large pot serving as a buffer. If, on the other hand, only a small amount of buffer volume is available, then the throttle 110 is provided with such a low flow rate or permeability that the ambient ammonia / air concentration in the environment 122 or the flow rate of this gas mixture remains below a certain limit.
  • the portion between the throttle 110 and 122 environment is provided with a volume that corresponds to only a part of the expected difference in volume on the basis of the maximum temperature difference. For example, 50% of the tank volume and an average temperature difference can be expected.
  • the reducing agent used is a urea solution, for example a 32.5% urea solution 14b, above which an ammonia / air mixture 14a forms in the tank 114 by reaction with air constituents when the tank 114 is not completely filled.
  • This gas mixture can lead to odor nuisance and irritation to the mucous membrane, whereby a pressure equalization between tank 114 and environment 122 is provided by the present invention without causing the ammonia concentration in the outer space to rise above a certain limit.
  • the flow is reduced by a throttle 110, which continuously compensates for differential volumes, and on the other hand, an aspect of the invention provides that the equalization volume is not supplied directly to the environment 122 but buffer it in order to pull the buffered ammonia / air mixture back into the tank 114 with a reverse pressure equalization.
  • the inventive device is also suitable for other reducing agents that produce ammonia / air mixtures in the tank, or produce other gas mixtures that are harmful.
  • the inventive throttle which is preferably designed as a sintered plastic ventilation insert, may further comprise a membrane which substantially reduces the flow rate.
  • the membrane may be used in place of the plastic ventilating insert or in combination with the plastic ventilating insert, for example on a surface of the plastic ventilating insert, preferably between two parts of a two-part plastic ventilating insert or between two brackets.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'équilibrage de pression et un procédé d'équilibrage de la différence de pression entre un réservoir (115) d'un système de dénitruration des gaz d'échappement d'un véhicule, pouvant être connecté au dispositif d'équilibrage, et l'environnement (122). Le dispositif d'équilibrage de pression comporte un clapet d'étranglement (110) connectant le réservoir à l'environnement, empêchant l'équilibrage de pression direct entre le réservoir et l'environnement, et conçu de manière à équilibrer la différence de pression de façon essentiellement complète, continue et dans les deux sens.
PCT/EP2007/059023 2006-10-27 2007-08-30 Dispositif d'équilibrage de pression pour la ventilation d'un réservoir WO2008049670A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006050809.2 2006-10-27
DE102006050809A DE102006050809A1 (de) 2006-10-27 2006-10-27 Druckausgleichvorrichtung zur Be- und Entlüftung eines Tanks

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008049670A1 true WO2008049670A1 (fr) 2008-05-02

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ID=38754996

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/059023 WO2008049670A1 (fr) 2006-10-27 2007-08-30 Dispositif d'équilibrage de pression pour la ventilation d'un réservoir

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102006050809A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008049670A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008044167B4 (de) 2008-11-28 2023-06-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Entlüftungsmembrane
FR2939481A1 (fr) * 2008-12-04 2010-06-11 Ti Automotive Fuel Systems Sas Module d'alimentation de fluide comportant une pompe et un systeme de purge perfectionne
FR2958272B1 (fr) * 2010-04-06 2012-06-22 Coutier Moulage Gen Ind Reservoir d'agent reducteur avec systeme de mise a l'air
DE102010055184C5 (de) 2010-12-20 2019-02-28 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Entlüftungsvorrichtung für Flüssigkeitsbehälter, insbesondere für Flüssigkeitsbehälter für eine wässrige Harnstofflösung
WO2015152811A1 (fr) * 2014-04-03 2015-10-08 Delaval Holding Ab Réservoir à lait

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3326230A (en) * 1965-10-18 1967-06-20 Rca Corp Valve discriminating means
EP0729901A1 (fr) * 1995-03-23 1996-09-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Emballage ou fermeture muni d'un système de mise à l'air avec moyens de drainage
DE10349543B3 (de) * 2003-10-22 2004-11-18 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung mit Gehäuse
DE102005052586A1 (de) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-11 Ti Automotive Fuel Systems Sas Be- und Entlüftungsvorrichtung für Tanks
WO2007048535A2 (fr) * 2005-10-28 2007-05-03 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif d'aeration et de ventilation pour reservoirs a carburant diesel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3326230A (en) * 1965-10-18 1967-06-20 Rca Corp Valve discriminating means
EP0729901A1 (fr) * 1995-03-23 1996-09-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Emballage ou fermeture muni d'un système de mise à l'air avec moyens de drainage
DE10349543B3 (de) * 2003-10-22 2004-11-18 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung mit Gehäuse
DE102005052586A1 (de) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-11 Ti Automotive Fuel Systems Sas Be- und Entlüftungsvorrichtung für Tanks
WO2007048535A2 (fr) * 2005-10-28 2007-05-03 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif d'aeration et de ventilation pour reservoirs a carburant diesel

Also Published As

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