WO2008039046A1

WO2008039046A1 - Machine for separating rubber from cord during reprocessing waste tires

Info

Publication number: WO2008039046A1
Application number: PCT/LT2007/000007
Authority: WO
Inventors: Naum Mirmov; Alexander Stoyanovsky
Original assignee: Uab 'gumos Technologijos'
Priority date: 2006-09-27
Filing date: 2007-09-18
Publication date: 2008-04-03
Also published as: LT2006079A; LT5505B

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine for separating rubber from cord during reprocessing waste tires. The inventive machine consists of several sections comprising mechanisms used for processing tires in three steps. Said sections are interconnected, for example by flanges. The body of the first processing section is embodied in the form of a rectangular truncated pyramid. The pressing mechanism of roller conveyors is used for carrying out the first processing step. The conveyors are arranged at an angle with respect to each other and two pairs of rollers are provided with adjustable supports. The second processing step is carried out by meansof a flat striking hummer. The third final finishing step consists of three pairs of rolls having a shaped surface. An interface drum is connected to the receiving section of the machine and a hopper for collecting rubber crumb and cord is jointed to the section for final finishing step. A vibrating trough-type conveyor is arranged in the receiving section and in the first section along a lower wall. A pipeline which is provided with branch tubes and used for supplying a liquid cooler, for example liquefied nitrogen, to the body is mounted along the body of the machine.

Description

The machine for separating rubber from the cord in the recycling of old tires

Application area

The proposed machine for separating rubber from the cord can be used in the processing of old tires using cryogenic freezing of a whole tire or in general processing of tires in an ozone environment, followed by freezing at cryogenic temperature.

Existing analogues The following patents are known, which describe machines designed to separate rubber from cord when processing old tires:

Rat US 3,462,088, U.S. Cl. 241/185, 5; 241/190, 193; 241/290;

Pat US 3,825,192, U.S. C1.241 / 186R; 198/165; 241/223;

Rat US 4,428,535, U.S. Cl. 241/35, 65; 241 / 186.5; 222/240; 366/296; Rat US 4,529,134, U.S. Cl. 241/30, 32, 35, 36, 236; 241 / 260.1;

Rat US 4,625,924, U.S. Cl. 241/186, 35; 241/189/1; 241/223;

Ratept US ^'5,482,215, US Cl.241 / 1, 3, 14, 15; 241 / 101.4;

Rat US 5,524,838, U.S. Cl. 241/23, 24, 29; 241 / DIG 31; 241 / DIG 37;

Patent US 5,863,003, U.S. Cl. 241/186.35; 241 / 189.1, 193; 241 / 285.3; Pat US 6,311,908, U.S. Cl. 241/29, 159, 236, 260;

Pat US 6,481,650, U.S. Cl. 241/24, 15, 24.17; 241/73, 242;

Pat US 6,655,167, U.S. Cl. 62/320; 62/64; 241/23, 65; B. C1.F25C 5/02;

Patent US 6,669,123 B2, U.S. Cl. 241/36, 160, 161; 37/161;

Patent US 6,726,134 B2, U.S. Cl. 241/18, 30, 31, 36, 38; Patent US 6,732,962, U.S. Cl. 241/57, 65, 235, 285.2; 241/606;

Pat US 6,766,970, U.S. Cl. 241/29; 241/32; 241 / 189.1;

Pat US 6,766,971, U.S. Cl. 241/30, 32, 34; 241 / 285.2;

Rat EP 11352240, Lit. C1.B23P 19/04;

Rat RU # 2072263, Ipt. C1.B29B 17/02; B29K 21/00; Arrlistiop ratt RU # 2004128495, Ipt. C1.B29B 17/00; B29K 21/00.

Known technologies for cryogenic processing of old tires contain various machine designs for separating rubber from cord. In these technologies, the bus pre-chopped into separate pieces, and then frozen in liquid nitrogen. Frozen pieces are fed to machines for separating rubber from the cord. As a rule, these are well-known and widely used crushers, for example, hammer type.

A known method and apparatus for processing old car tires according to the patent US 3,718,284 U.S. Cl. 241/23, 241/65. In this patent, worn tires are fed into a bath of liquid nitrogen and frozen to make the rubber brittle. Frozen tires from the bath are conveyed through the conveyor to the crushing mechanism. The crushing mechanism is made in the form of separately rotating cylinders. Below the crushing mechanism is a conveyor, which is equipped with a magnetic separator for separating the steel cord wire and the reinforcing wire from the side rings. Then the pieces of rubber and synthetic threads enter the hammer mill and then to the inclined screen. The specified method and apparatus have the following disadvantages: the destruction of the rubber shell of the tire, the separation of rubber from the cord and the collection of rubber is carried out in a cryogenic fluid, which significantly increases the duration, complexity and cost of processing worn tires; Before filling with cryogenic liquid, the cryostat must be cleaned of rubber crumb and cord, while a lot of effort is spent to remove the cord from the electrodes; The design of the electrode system is complex and practically unsuitable for normal operation.

A known method and device for the destruction of old tires according to the patent of Russia N ° 2072263, sht. C1.B29B 17/00. According to this method, the tire is cooled (frozen) to a brittle state in a cryogenic liquid medium, and crushing of the frozen rubber and its separation is effected by electric pulses. The device is equipped with external and internal perforated electrodes, taking the form of a tire. The electrodes on the surface have knives and needles that fit snugly against the surface of the tire. In the lower part of the cryostat, under the electrodes, separators are placed, and at the bottom there are bins for collecting the resulting chips. The specified method and design of the device for separating rubber from the cord have several disadvantages: the destruction of the rubber shell of the tire, the separation of rubber from the cord and the collection of crumbs are carried out in a cryogenic fluid, which significantly increases the duration of the process and makes it complicated and expensive; to release the cryostat from crumbs and cords, it is necessary to first drain the cryogenic liquid, spend a lot of effort in order to remove the cord from the electrodes; high flow rate of cryogenic fluid to freeze an entire tire. The flow rate of liquid nitrogen is 1.3 - 1.5 kg per kilogram of frozen rubber; The design of the electrode system is complex and practically unsuitable for normal operation.

A known method and device for the destruction of the rubber shell of tires in a gas environment containing ozone (patent application of Russia N ° 2004128495, MKI B29B017 / 00, B29K021 / 00). A distinctive feature of the method is the creation of mechanical stresses in the circumferential direction. Mechanical action is carried out sequentially, and compression is performed locally on the tire section. After the destruction of the rubber sheath of the tire, the products of destruction are crushed in an ozone environment. A device for creating a mechanical impact is made in the form of drums. One of the drums is equipped with a drive and rotates freely. At the same time, said drum has the possibility of reciprocating movement, for which it is equipped with a reciprocating movement drive. The specified method and device have the following disadvantages: when creating mechanical effects using drums and processing with ozone, synthetic threads begin to break, which leads to contamination of the crumbs; the presence of two drums to create mechanical effects increases the volume of the processing chamber and, accordingly, the processing time and ozone consumption increase; complex and expensive design of the drive for reciprocating movement of the drum and the sealing system of such a drive.

The drawings show: in Fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of a machine for separating rubber from a cord; in Fig. 2 shows a roller conveyor drive and a vibratory conveyor drive.

Patent and constructive novelty

The machine for separating rubber from the tire cord (Fig. 1) consists of a prefabricated casing 1, fixed to the base 2. Casing 1 is made in the form of several sections interconnected by flanges 3 by one of the known methods. Section 4 of a rectangular shape is designed to receive the tire 5, where it moves along the roller table to section 7. Section 7 of the first processing step is made in the form of a rectangular truncated pyramid and is designed to separate the rubber from the cord skeleton of the tire. Section 8 is attached to section 8, intended for the final, final separation of rubber from the cord. Inside section 7, a press mechanism 9 is installed, consisting of two drive roller conveyors 10 and 11 mounted at an angle with respect to each other. Conveyors 10 and 11 have a common drive 12, which is shown in Fig. 2. The drive 12 consists of a gearbox 14 of the electric motor 13, gear wheels 15 and drive chains 16. In section 7, after the press mechanism 9, a shock mechanism 17 of the second processing stage is installed. The mechanism 17 consists of a base 18, which is mounted on the lower wall of section 7, a flat hammer 19 and a drive 20, for example, of a pneumatic type. The drive 20 is installed on the base 21, which is mounted on the upper wall of the section 7. Along the lower wall of the sections 4 and 7, a vibratory conveyor 22 of the cross-shaped type is installed. In Fig. 2 shows a conveyor 22, which is equipped with a suspension 23, an eccentric 24 and an actuator 25, providing vibration of the conveyor groove and the movement of rubber crumb. Between sections 7 and 8, a guide box 26 is installed, which ensures an accurate hit of the cord skeleton of the tire in the mechanism 27 of the third finishing stage of processing. The finishing mechanism 27 consists of several pairs of rollers 28, 29, 30 having a profile surface. Moreover, the rollers 28 have a diameter larger than the rollers 29 and 30. Accordingly, the gap between each pair of rollers decreases from a pair 28 to a pair 30. A pipe 31 is laid along the upper wall of sections 4 and 7, in which there is an opening for spraying a liquid refrigerant. To supply the liquid refrigerant to the pipe 31, a pipe 32 is welded into the section 4 housing. In sections 7 and 8 there is a pipe 33 that is connected to the pipe 34. The pipe 33 also has an opening for spraying the refrigerant inside the sections. A hopper 35 is attached to section 8, in which rubber crumb accumulates and into which the skeleton of the processed tire cord is dumped. A pipe 36 is welded into the wall of the hopper 35, through which the refrigerant vapor is vented to the atmosphere. The hopper 35 is equipped with a hinged lid 37 and a pocket 38, where, when opening, the lid 37 is placed. The lid is opened and closed by an actuator 39, for example, of a pneumatic type. The housing 1 of the machine around the perimeter has a thermal insulation 40. Section 4 is connected to the platform 41, in which the conveyor 42 is installed. The platform 41 is also provided with thermal insulation.

The machine for separating rubber from the cord works as follows.

The old tire 5, after being treated with a gas containing ozone, is placed in an intensive cooling apparatus. When the temperature of brittleness of the rubber is reached, the tire is placed in the transitional vestibule 41 and sent via conveyor 42 to the machine section 4. Pre-conduct cooling of the internal cavity of the machine. For this, inside the housing 1 through the nozzles 32 and 34, in the pipelines 31 and 33 serves a certain amount of refrigerant. This provides a decrease in temperature in the cavity of the chamber 1, which corresponds to the temperature of brittleness of the rubber, and improves the processing process. A tire 5 with rubber residues after ozone treatment in a frozen state is conveyed along the roller table 6 to the first processing step in the press mechanism 8 of section 7. When the tire passes in the gap between the rollers of the press mechanism 8, pieces of rubber in the form of crumbs of various sizes drop off the cord skeleton. When the tire moves along the roller table 6 and passes through the power mechanism 8, crumbling chips fall into the groove of the vibration conveyor 22. From here, the chips fall into the hopper 35. The practically bare skeleton of the tire cord after the press mechanism 8 enters the second processing stage into the impact mechanism 17, where due to mechanical shocks, the remaining rubber is separated from synthetic fibers and steel wire. Next, the cord enters the guide box 26, and then sent to the mechanism 27 of the final third processing stage. The skeleton of the cord is passed through rollers 28, 29 and 30, where the rubber is almost completely separated from the threads and steel wire of the cord and the wire of the side rings. As soon as the cord without residual rubber enters the hopper 35, the drive 39 is turned on and opens the lid 37. When the lid 37 is opened, it is transferred to pocket 38, which allows the hopper to be quickly and completely free of crumbs and cord.

During the operation of separating the rubber from the cord, a small amount of refrigerant is supplied to the housing of the chamber 1. The supply of a refrigerant ensures that the temperature inside the machine is minus 65-70 ⁰ C.

The main advantages of the machine

The main advantages of the machine allow us to achieve the goal of the invention: to obtain absolutely clean rubber with minimal costs crumb free of impurities of steel wire and synthetic threads, thereby increasing the yield of pure product.

The main advantages of the machine for separating rubber from the cord: the design of the machine allows you to process tires of passenger cars of all types and different sizes; the machine can easily be adapted for the processing of truck tires; full separation of rubber from synthetic threads and steel wire is provided; to separate the crumbs from the cord does not require the use of separate operations grinding the cord and subsequent separation.

Claims

Claim

1. The machine for separating rubber from the cord during the processing of old tires, including the crushing mechanism, is characterized in that: a) consists of several sections in which the mechanisms of three-stage processing of tires are located; b) the section body of the first processing stage is made in the form of a truncated rectangular pyramid; c) the first stage of processing consists of two roller conveyors forming a press mechanism; g) the second stage of processing consists of a hammer type hammer; d) the third stage of the final finishing treatment consists of several pairs of rollers, but not less than two pairs, the rollers have a profile surface.

2. The machine according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the receiving section of the machine is connected to the transitional vestibule.

3. The machine according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the receiving hopper is connected to the finishing section.

4. The machine according to paragraph 1, characterized in that in the first section and in the sections of the first and second processing steps along the bottom wall of the housing is installed a vibration conveyor.

5. The machine according to paragraph 4, characterized in that the vibration conveyor is made in the form of a gutter mounted on swinging suspensions.

6. The machine according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the roller conveyors are installed at an angle with respect to each other.

7. The machine according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the diameters of each pair are reduced in the direction of the processed tire.

8. The machine according to paragraph 6, characterized in that in the last pair the gap between the rollers is equal to half the thickness of the side ring of the tire.

9. The machine according to paragraph 2, characterized in that the receiving hopper is equipped with a pocket for accommodating the lid when it is opened.

10. The machine according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the two pairs of rollers of the press mechanism are equipped with adjustable supports.