LT5505B - Machine for separating a rubber from a cord by processing waste tyres - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine for separation of rubber from a cord at recycling waste tires has several sections in which mechanisms for three - stage processing tires are placed. Sections are connected with each other, for example, with the help of flanges. The caseof section of first step of the processing is made as the truncated rectangular pyramid. The first step of processing represents press mechanism included two roller conveyors. Conveyors are placed under the certain corner to each other, two pair rollers, which are supplied with adjusting support. The second step of processing is executed as shock hammer of flat type. The third step (finishing process) is included three pair platens with a profile surface. The transitive tambour is attached to input section of the machine and the bunker for collection of a rubber crumb and a cord is attached to finishing process section. Vibrating conveyor fluting type is placed in input section and in section of the first step of processing along bottom wall. The pipeline

Description

Scope of application

The proposed machine for separating the rubber from the cord can be used for treating old tires, using cryogenic refrigeration of the whole tire or co-treating the tires in an ozone environment with subsequent refrigeration at cryogenic temperature.

Known analogs

Known patents describing machines for separating rubber from the cord when recycling old tires:

U.S. Pat. 3462088 U.S.C. Cl 241/185, 5; 241 / 190,193; 241/290;

U.S. Pat. 3825192 U.S.C. Cl 241/186R; 198/165; 241/223;

U.S. Pat. 4428535 U.S.C. Cl 241/35, 65; 241/186.5; 222/240; 366/296;

U.S. Pat. 4529134 U.S.C. Wed 241/30, 32, 35, 36, 236; 241 / 260.1;

U.S. Pat. 4625924 U.S. Wed 241/186, 35; 241/189/1; 241/223;

U.S. Pat. 5482215 U.S.C. Cl 241/1, 3.14.15; 241 / 101.4;

U.S. Pat. 5524838 U.S.C. Wed 241/23, 24, 29; 241 / DIG 31; 241 / DIG37;

U.S. Pat. 5863003 U.S.C. Mon 241/186.35; 241/189.1; 241 / 285.3;

U.S. Pat. 6311908 U.S.C. Cl 241 / 29,159, 236, 260;

U.S. Pat. 6481650 U.S. Cl 241 / 24.15, 24.17; 241/73, 242;

U.S. Pat. 6655167 U.S.C. Mon 62/320; 62/64; 241/23, 65; TPK F25C 5/02;

U.S. Pat. 6669123 B2 U.S. Wed 241/36, 160, 161; 37/161;

U.S. Pat. 6726134 B2 U.S. Wed 241/18, 30, 31,36, 38;

U.S. Pat. 6732962 U.S. Wed 241/57, 65, 235, 285, 2; 241/606;

U.S. Pat. 6766970 U.S. Mon 241/29; 241/32; 241/189.1;

U.S. Pat. 6766971 U.S. Cl 241/30, 32, 34, 241 / 285.2;

EP patent no. 11352240 TPK B23P 19/04;

RU patent no. 2072263 TPK B29B 17/02; B29K 21/00;

RU Patent Application 2004128495 TPK B29B 17/00; B29K 21/00.

Known technologies for cryogenic treatment of old tires include machines of various designs to separate the rubber from the cord. In these technologies, the tire is pre-crushed into individual pieces and then cooled in liquid nitrogen. Frozen pieces are fed into machines to separate the rubber from the cord. As a rule, these are known and widely used shredders, such as the hammer type.

A known method and device for recycling old car tires is described in U.S. Patent No. 3,718,284, U.S. Pat. 241/23, 241/65. In the said patent, the tires are fed into a bath of liquid nitrogen and freeze to make the rubber brittle. Frozen tires from the bath are fed by conveyor to the shredder. The crushing mechanism comprises individually rotating cylinders. Below the crushing mechanism is a conveyor which has a magnetic separator for separating the steel cord wire and reinforcement wire from the rib rings. After that, pieces of rubber and synthetic threads enter the hammer-type grinder and continue to the inclined sieve. The above method and device have the following disadvantages:

the disruption of the tire's rubber coating, the separation of the rubber from the cord and the assembly of the rubber in a cryogenic fluid environment significantly increases the time, complexity and cost of wearing the tire;

cleaning of the cryostat from rubber crumbs and cord is required before the cryogenic liquid is poured, and then considerable effort is taken to remove the cord from the electrodes;

the structure of the electrode system is complex and difficult to adapt to normal operation.

Known method and device for breaking old tires according to Russian patent no. 2072263, TPK B29B 17/00. In this method, the tire is cooled (frozen) to a fragile state in a cryogenic fluid environment, and the crushing and separation of the frozen rubber is accomplished by electrical impulses. The unit has an inner and outer perforated electrode which takes the shape of a tire. The electrodes have blades and needles on the surface that lie flat on the tire surface. Separators are located underneath the electrodes at the bottom of the cryostat, and hoppers are placed on the bottom to collect the resulting crumbs. The above method and the design of the device for separating the rubber from the cord have the following disadvantages;

The disruption of the tire's rubber coating, the separation of the rubber from the cord and the assembly of the crumb takes place in a cryogenic fluid environment, which greatly increases the complexity and cost of the process;

Cleaning the cryostat from crumbs and cord requires pre-draining of the cryogenic fluid, and a great deal of effort is required to remove the cord from the electrodes;

Freezing a whole tire consumes a lot of cryogenic fluid. Consumption of liquid nitrogen is 1.3-1.5 kg. One kilogram of frozen rubber;

The electrode system is complex and practically unsuitable for normal operation.

Known method and device for disrupting tire rubber coatings in the presence of ozone-containing gases (Russian Patent Application No. 2004128495, TPK B29B017 / 00, B29K021 / 00). This method differs in that mechanical effects are created in the peripheral direction. Mechanical action occurs consistently and compression occurs at a given location on the tire. By breaking the tire's rubber coating, the breakdown products are shredded in an ozone environment. The device designed to produce mechanical action has the shape of a drum. One of the drums has a gear and rotates freely. At the same time, said drum is capable of moving in a reciprocating motion, which means that it has a reciprocating gear. The above method and device have the following disadvantages:

the mechanical action of the drums and the ozone treatment results in the breaking of the synthetic filaments, resulting in contamination of the crumbs;

two drums are required to produce mechanical effects, which increases the volume of the treatment chamber and consequently increases the treatment time and ozone consumption;

the complex and costly design of the reciprocating drum drive and the sealing system for such a drive.

The drawings show:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a machine for separating rubber from a cord;

FIG. 2 shows a roller conveyor drive and a vibrating conveyor drive.

Patent and construction novelty.

The machine for separating the rubber from the drive cord (Fig. 1) consists of an optional housing 1 mounted on a base 2. The housing 1 comprises a plurality of sections interconnected by self-flanges 3 in a known manner. where it moves through a conveyor 6 to a section 7. The first treatment level section 7 is constructed as a cut rectangular pyramid and is intended to separate the rubber from the tire cord structure. A section 8 is connected to section 7 for the final final separation of the rubber from the cord. Inside the section 7 is located a press mechanism 9 consisting of two drive roller conveyors 10 and 11 arranged at an angle to each other. The conveyors 10 and 11 have a common gear 12 which is shown in FIG. 2. The actuator 12 is comprised of a gear motor 14 for an electric motor 13, a transmission sprocket 15 and a drive circuit 16. In section 7, after the press mechanism 9, a second processing level impact mechanism 17 is provided.

The mechanism 17 consists of a base 18 which is mounted on a wall of the lower section 7, a flat hammer 19 and an actuator 20, for example of a pneumatic type. The actuator 20 is mounted on a base 21 which is secured to the upper wall of the section 7. A vibratory groove-type conveyor 22 is provided along the lower wall of sections 4 and 7. Fig. 2 shows a conveyor 22 having a suspension 23, an eccentric 24 and a gear 25 which provide vibration of the conveyor groove and sliding of the rubber crumbs. A guide box 26 is provided between sections 7 and 8, which ensures that the tire cord construction accurately enters the third end-level processing mechanism 27. The final processing mechanism 27 comprises a plurality of pairs of rollers 28, 29, 30 having a profiled surface. In addition, the rollers 28 have a larger diameter than the rollers 29 and 30. Accordingly, the gap between each pair of rollers decreases from pair 28 to pair 30. A tube 31 is provided along the top wall of section 4 and 7 with an opening for a liquid refrigerant. for spraying. For supplying the liquid refrigerant to the tube 31, the body of section 4 has a welded tube 32. Sections 7 and 8 include a tube 33 which is connected to the tubes 34. The tube 33 also has an opening for spraying the refrigerant inside said sections. A hopper 35 is connected to section 8, where the rubber crumbs accumulate and where the treated tire cord structure is discarded. A bore 36 is welded to the wall of the hopper 35, through which the refrigerant vapor is removed to the atmosphere. The hopper 35 has a removable cover 37 and a pocket 38 for opening the cover 37. The cover is opened and closed by actuator 39, for example of a pneumatic type. The housing 1 of the machine has a thermal insulation 40 over its entire circumference. The section 4 is connected to a tambourine 41 which houses a conveyor 42. The tambour 41 also has thermal insulation.

The machine for separating the rubber from the cord works as follows.

The old tire 5, after treatment with ozone-containing gas, is placed in an intensive cooling unit. When the brittle temperature of the rubber is reached, the tire is moved to the transition rib 41 and routed through the conveyor 42 to the section 4 of the machine. For this purpose, a certain amount of refrigerant is fed into the housing 1 through the conduits 32 and 34 into the tubes 31 and 33. This ensures that the temperature corresponding to the brittle temperature of the rubber inside the chamber 1 is reduced, which improves the treatment process. The tire 5 with rubber residues after ozone treatment in a frozen state is fed through a conveyor 6 to the first treatment level into the press mechanism 8 of the section 7. As the tire slides between the rollers of the press mechanism 8 As the tire slides through the conveyor 6 and passes through the power mechanism 8, the crumbling debris enters the groove of the vibrating conveyor 22. From here, the crumbs enter the hopper 35. In practice, the naked tire cord structure, after the press mechanism 8, enters the second processing stage into the impact mechanism 17, whereby mechanical rubbing separates the rubber residues from the synthetic filaments and the steel wire. Further, the cord enters the guide box 26 and is then routed to a third-level finishing mechanism 27. The cord structure is passed through rollers 28, 29, 30, where, in practice, the rubber is completely separated from the steel wire and rib ring wire. As soon as the rubber-free cord enters the hopper 35, actuator 39 activates and opens the lid 37. When the lid 37 opens, it is placed in the pocket 38, thereby completely and quickly removing the cord and crumbs from the hopper.

During the separation of the rubber from the cord into the housing chamber 1, a small amount of refrigerant is introduced. Refrigerant feed ensures a minus temperature of 65-70 ° C inside the machine body.

The main advantages of the machine.

The main advantages of the machine are the achievement of the invented object: to obtain completely clean rubber crumbs free of steel wire and synthetic filament at minimal cost, thus increasing the amount of clean product.

The main advantages of the machine rubber separated from the cord:

the machine design allows the handling of tires of all types and sizes of light machinery;

the machine can be easily adapted to treat the tires of dumpers; ensure complete separation of rubber from synthetic yarns and steel wire; the separation of the crumbs from the cord does not require the use of additional operations to crush the cord and the subsequent separation.

Claims (10)

Definition of the Invention 1. The machine separates the rubber from the cord by recycling old tires, which includes a crushing mechanism, characterized in that it consists of: (a) a number of compartments in which the three-level tire handling mechanisms are located; (b) the body of the first-level processing section is constructed in the shape of a cut-out rectangular pyramid; (c) The first stage of treatment consists of two roller conveyors forming a press mechanism (d) a second level of treatment consisting of an impact hammer; e) The third level of finishing consists of several pairs of rolls, but at least two pairs, the rolls having a profile surface. 2. The machine of claim 1, wherein the receiving section of the machine is connected to a transition rib. 3. The machine of claim 1, wherein the receiving hopper is connected to the finishing section. 4. The machine of claim 1, wherein the first section and the first and second processing level sections are provided with a vibrating conveyor along the lower wall of the housing. 5. The machine of claim 4, wherein the vibrating conveyor is in the form of a groove mounted on the pivoting suspensions. 6. The machine of claim 1, wherein the roller conveyors are angled relative to one another. 7. The machine of claim 1, wherein the diameter of each pair decreases in the direction of movement of the tires being treated. 8. A machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the clearance between the rollers in the last pair is equal to half the thickness of the tire bead ring. 9. The machine of claim 2, wherein the receiving hopper has a pocket for accommodating the lid when it is opened. 10. The machine of claim 1, wherein the two pairs of rollers of the press mechanism have adjustable supports.