WO2008019451A1 - Collecteurs et procédés de flottation - Google Patents

Collecteurs et procédés de flottation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008019451A1
WO2008019451A1 PCT/AU2007/001175 AU2007001175W WO2008019451A1 WO 2008019451 A1 WO2008019451 A1 WO 2008019451A1 AU 2007001175 W AU2007001175 W AU 2007001175W WO 2008019451 A1 WO2008019451 A1 WO 2008019451A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collector
reagents
group
collectors
reagent
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PCT/AU2007/001175
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English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Bradstock Tall
Graeme Philip Sheldon
Original Assignee
Ab Tall (Holdings) Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2006904466A external-priority patent/AU2006904466A0/en
Application filed by Ab Tall (Holdings) Pty Ltd filed Critical Ab Tall (Holdings) Pty Ltd
Priority to AU2007284003A priority Critical patent/AU2007284003B2/en
Publication of WO2008019451A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008019451A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
    • B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
    • B03D1/014—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
    • B03D2201/02—Collectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
    • B03D2203/02—Ores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
    • B03D2203/02—Ores
    • B03D2203/025—Precious metal ores

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to reagents or combinations of reagents and/or reactions of reagents for use as collectors in mining operations to improve the yield of metal values and/or minerals recovered from a wide range of materials including ores, mineral pulps, slags, tailings, waste materials and similar, and to methods of using the reagents in metal and mineral recovery processes.
  • the present invention relates to reagents and combinations of reagents and/or reaction (s) of reagents and/or the product (s) of the reaction (s) of reagents which are used as collectors for increasing the recovery of selected metals and/or minerals from the materials being treated, particularly ores, mineral pulps and slags, so that greater amounts of the selected metal (s) and/or mineral (s) are recovered from the material being treated along with lesser amounts of unwanted materials, such as contaminating and/or competing materials, particularly lesser amounts of gangue or waste materials or other materials competing with the selected metal and/or mineral for recovery from the materials being treated.
  • the present invention relates generally to improved collectors comprising mixtures and/or reaction(s) and/or product (s) of reaction(s) of reagents containing two or more different reagents in which the collectors have enhanced properties in froth flotation operations, including both selective flotation operations and bulk flotation operations, to concentrate metal values from ores or mineral pulps or slags to allow the extraction of greater amounts of selected or desired metal values and/or minerals from the ores, mineral pulps, slags or similar during the flotation processes and to methods of using the improved mixtures and/or reactions and/or reaction products having enhanced collector properties to increase the yield of recovered metals and/or minerals and/or to increase the grade of the metal or mineral recovered in the froth flotation process by substantially rejecting gangue and/or waste materials and/or other competing materials, particularly rejecting the recovery of competing materials.
  • the present invention relates to new and improved reagents comprising mixtures and/or reaction (s) of and/or products of reaction (s) of thionocarbamate (s) with other thionocarbamate (s) , mixtures and/or reactions of dithiophosphate (s) with other dithiophosphate (s) , mixtures and/or reactions of mercaptobenzothiazole(s) with other mercpatobenzothiazole (s) and mixtures and/or reactions and/or product (s) of reaction (s) of two or more of such single, mixed and/or reacted thionocarbamate (s) , dithiophosphate (s) and/or mercaptobenzothiazole (s) with one another and with each other in different combinations, for use as improved collectors in recovering desired mineral (s) and/or metal values from ores, pulps, slags or similar in greater amounts and/or in greater concentrations, and/or having improved grades of recovered material in the
  • Froth flotation is one of the most important and versatile mineral processing techniques in use in mining operations to recover metal values generally from suitable materials, including ores and/or mineral pulps. Froth flotation is a widely used method of concentrating ores and is believed to be the most commonly used concentrating process in the mining industry.
  • froth flotation is a selective process that can be used to achieve selective separation of a desired metal or small select range of desired metals from complex ores or mineral pulps containing different metal values or a range of different metals, such as for example using bulk flotation processes, particularly competing metals, so that increased amounts of the selected minerals or metals can be recovered from the materials being treated and/or improving the grade of the minerals or metals that are extracted.
  • Flotation is based on the fact that when air or gas bubbles are introduced into a ground ore pulp or relatively fine particle mixtures containing minerals, particles of some minerals in the mixture or pulp will become attached to the bubbles of air or gas and float to the surface of the mixture, whereas other minerals will not become attached to the air or gas bubbles but rather will remain in the pulp or mixture or will sink to the base of the vessel in which the treatment is taking place.
  • the selective attachment of some minerals and not others allows some mineral values to be separated from other minerals and/or gangue by floating the selected minerals or metals to the surface of the vessel in which the flotation occurs thus separating the selected metals or minerals from the residue remaining within or at the base of the vessel.
  • the selective extraction of one metal also allows more of the selected metal to be recovered by floating the selected metal particles to the surface along with the air bubbles so as to concentrate the metal particles thereby extracting more of the selected particles.
  • the use of collectors increases the amount of metal or mineral recovered and also the grade of the recovered metal or mineral .
  • groups of similar metals are extracted in combination using bulk flotation techniques.
  • Most minerals are not water repellent in their natural state so that flotation agents or reagents must be added to the pulp in order to increase the water repellancy of the minerals which in turn increases their affinity for being entrained or adsorbed onto the air or gas bubbles.
  • One of the most important class of reagents used in the froth flotation processes are collectors, sometimes referred to as promoters, which are adsorbed onto the mineral surfaces thereby rendering the surfaces hydrophobic (or aerophilic) which facilitates attachment of the bubbles of gas or air to the mineral particles.
  • Collectors can be defined as being organic compounds which render selected minerals water repellent by adsorption of molecules or ions onto the mineral surface, reducing the stability of the hydrated layer separating the mineral surface from the air or gas bubble to such a level that attachment of the particle to the bubble can be made on contact. It is the attachment of the air or gas bubble to the mineral or metal containing particle that allows the particle to rise to the surface.
  • Different collectors are used for different minerals and/or metals and for separating selected metals from other similar metals. Also different amounts of collectors are used to recover different metals in different environments and in different circumstances.
  • Collectors are of great importance in the recovery of metal values from ores or mineral pulp because very small improvements in the efficiency of the collector being used in a particular situation can have significant economic advantages for operating the recovery system for a selected metal. If the addition of the collector results in even a very small increase in the amount of metal value being selectively recovered, this could make the difference between a particular process being commercially viable or not and/or the treatment of a particular ore body being economically viable.
  • Another aim of the present invention is to provide a collector or collector system or collector mixtures and/or reactions and/or product (s) of reaction (s) which are useful in recovering copper, zinc, lead, nickel, platinum, palladium, other platinum group minerals and metals, gold and silver from ores, pulps, smelting slags and similar raw materials containing these substances, respectively so as to enhance the commercial viability of the recovery of such substances from the raw materials containing these substances.
  • Another aim of the present invention is to provide a method of treating raw materials such as ores, pulps, slags and similar with the collectors of the present invention in flotation processes to improve the recovery of mineral and/or metal values from the raw material.
  • superior collectors can be formed from mixtures and/or reactions of two or more reagents, optionally with other chemical additives included in the reagent mixtures and/or reactions, and that such combinations of collectors can be used to treat different raw materials to recover metals of interest.
  • One problem associated with existing collectors is that some of the existing collector systems require the separate addition of two or more individual collectors either at different locations within the overall installation or at different times in the operation of the installation since the collector cannot be added as a mixture because the mixture is unstable due to the individual reagents having a tendency to separate from each other within the mixtures over time or on standing or within a short period of time after stirring has stopped. As an example, some existing collector mixtures separate into two liquid phases on standing when left unstirred.
  • Another aim of the present invention is to be able to produce a collector or collector system or collector mixtures and/or reactions and/or products of reactions that have at least a reduced tendency to separate from one another or into separate phases or do not substantially separate from one another when left unstirred. It is to be noted that not all embodiments of the present invention satisfy all of the aims of the present invention. Some embodiments will satisfy one aim whilst other embodiments will satisfy another aim. Some embodiments may satisfy two or more aims.
  • a collector or collector system or collector mixture and/or reaction of collectors and/or the product (s) of reactions of collectors capable of being used for concentrating metal values and/or minerals from ores, mineral pulps, and/or slags or other raw materials containing metal and/or mineral in froth flotation processes
  • said collector, collector system or collector mixture and/or reaction comprising at least one or more reagents selected from the following groups of reagents either in combination with a member from the same group of reagents, or in combination with one or more reagents selected from at least one other group or other groups of reagents in which one group of reagents is
  • R and R 1 are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, aryl groups or alkaryl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms including linear or branched carbon chains and substituted or un-substituted carbon atoms including being substituted with a hetero atom,
  • R is the same or different and is selected from hydrogen, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, aryl groups or alkaryl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, including branched or un-branched carbon chains and un-substituted or substituted carbon atoms including hetero atoms
  • M is an alkali metal selected from Group I of the Periodic Table or is an ammonium ion, including substituted ammonium ions or a cresyl, a substituted cresyl or a cresyl-containing group, and wherein
  • R may be the same or different and is selected from hydrogen, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, aryl groups or alkaryl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms including branched or unbranched carbon chains and substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms including hetero atoms and M is hydrogen, an alkali metal selected from Group I of the periodic table, an ammonium ion, a substituted ammonium ion, a cresyl, a substituted cresyl or cresyl-containing group.
  • a method of recovering at least one selected metal and/or mineral from a raw material in a froth flotation process using a collector, collector system, collector mixture, collector reaction and/or collector products of a reaction of reagents comprising the steps of
  • collectors capable of being used for concentrating metal values and/or minerals from ores, mineral pulps, and/or slags or other raw materials containing metal and/or mineral in froth flotation processes
  • said collector, collector system or collector mixture and/or reaction comprising at least one or more reagents selected from the following groups of reagents either in combination with a member from the same group of reagents, or in combination with one or more reagents selected from at least one other group or other groups of reagents in which one group of reagents is
  • R and R 1 are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, aryl groups or alkaryl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms including linear or branched carbon chains and substituted or un-substituted carbon atoms including being substituted with a hetero atom,
  • R is the same or different and is selected from hydrogen, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups/ aryl groups or alkaryl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, including branched or un-bran ⁇ hed carbon chains and un-substituted or substituted carbon atoms including hetero atoms
  • M is an alkali metal selected from Group I of the Periodic Table or is an ammonium ion, including substituted ammonium ions or a cresyl, a substituted cresyl or a cresyl-containing group, and wherein
  • R may be the same or different and is selected from hydrogen, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, aryl groups or alkaryl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms including branched or unbranched carbon chains and substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms including hetero atoms and M is hydrogen, an alkali metal selected from Group I of the periodic table, an ammonium ion, a substituted ammonium ion, a cresyl, a substituted cresyl or cresyl-containing group.
  • the collectors of the present invention can be used to treat a wide variety of different raw materials, including fresh materials, virgin materials, waste materials, recycled material previously treated materials or the like including combinations of two or more such materials.
  • Typical examples of the materials that can be treated by the collectors of the present invention include sulphidic ores, slags, oxidised ores, transition ores, supergene ores, ores containing oxidized sulphides and similar.
  • Particularly preferred ores include sulphidic ores and/or sulphur containing ores.
  • the collector of the present invention further comprises one or more additives.
  • the additives if present, can be one or more other collectors.
  • the one or more other collectors can be collectors in accordance with the present invention such as reagents selected from reagent groups (A) , (B) or (C) either individually or in combination or in combination with other non-inventive collectors, such as for example, reagents selected from another group of reagents, group (D) , which are collectors that are typically conventionally or traditionally used in froth flotation separation processes. Examples of other collector reagents, group (D) reagents, are provided later in this specification.
  • mixtures of reagents and/or reactions of reagents include the following:
  • each of the above described reagent mixtures or reactions can optionally contain other collectors and/or other additives, such as for example, reagents from group (D) .
  • the mixture and/or reaction of reagent (s) selected from one or more of groups (A) , (B) or (C) of reagents optionally containing one or more additives and/or one or more reagents/collectors (D) form a stable mixture, preferably a stable mixture that does not separate when not being stirred, more preferably a stable mixture that does not separate on standing and most preferably a mixture that does not separate after mixing and does not require stirring to mix the reagents prior to use, particularly shortly before or immediately before use.
  • Reagents of the present invention in accordance with either formula I or formula II or formula III are those in which each of R or R' may be the same or different and are each selected from one or more of methyl/ ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isoamyl, n-pentyl, iso-pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, n- heptyl, n-octyl, m-cresyl, o-cresyl, p ⁇ cresyl, benzyl groups (-CH 2 -C 6 H 5 ) or combinations or mixtures or isomers of two or more of the foregoing or the like including derivatives of and precursors of the reagents .
  • Functional substituents other than those exemplified are also within the scope of the present invention,
  • Preferred reagents useful for making collector mixtures in accordance with the present invention include the following:
  • Reagent (A) Isopropylmethylthionocarbamate Isobutylmethylthionocarbamate
  • R of the mercaptobenzothiazole can be at any of the free aromatic positions.
  • the mercaptobenzothiazoles useful in the present invention include the acid form as well as all water soluble or water miscible forms of the mercaptobenzothiazoles so that such material can be used in aqueous solutions .
  • reagent (A) isopropyl Methyl Thionocarbamate (IPMT) , Isobutyl Ethyl Thionocarbamate (IBET) , Isobutyl methyl Thionocarbamate (IBMT) , Isopropyl ethyl Thionocarbamate (IPET) , including combinations of two or more of the foregoing.
  • IPMT isopropyl Methyl Thionocarbamate
  • IBET Isobutyl Ethyl Thionocarbamate
  • IBMT Isobutyl methyl Thionocarbamate
  • IPET Isopropyl ethyl Thionocarbamate
  • PDIBDTP Potassium di-isobutyl dithiophosphate
  • PDSBDTP Potassium di-sec butyl dithiophosphate
  • Particularly preferred examples of Reagent (C) are the acid form of mercaptobenzothiazole, such as for example 2- mercaptobenzothiazole, or Sodium Mercaptobenzothiazole, or combinations of both.
  • collector mixtures or collector systems contain
  • suitable compounds can include
  • esters of the above salts can be used in the present invention.
  • alkali metal examples include Sodium/ Potassium, Calcium and other Group IIA metals.
  • Examples of the substituted ammonium ion are tetramethyl ammonium ion.
  • the reagent mixture can be a mixture (s) and/or reaction(s) and/or the product (s) of rea ⁇ tion(s) of any one of the following:
  • Reagent (C) one or more Reagents (A) with one or more Reagents (B) and one or more Reagents (C) , each and any of these aforesaid mixtures and/or reactions being used together with one or more additives and/or chemical compounds, including one or more other collectors, including Reagents (D) .
  • the collector or collector system comprising reagents (A) and (A) , (A) and (B) , (B) and (B) , (A) and
  • (C) , (B) and (C) , (C) and (C) , and (A) and (B) and (C) can contain any amounts of reagent (s) (A) and/or reagent (s) (B) and/or reagent (s) (C) including from 0-100% reagent (s)
  • Typical ranges of reagents (A) (B) and (C) include the following:
  • reagents (A) , (B) or (C) From 5 to 95% reagents (A) , (B) or (C) , from 10-90% reagents (A) , (B) or (C) , from 20 to 80% reagents (A) , (B) or (C), from 30 to 70% reagents (A), (B) or (C), from 40 to 60% reagents (A) , (B) or (C) , about 50% of reagents (A), (B) or (C) or the like on a weight basis.
  • the amount of reagent (A) , (B) and (C) can be the same as one another, or two may be the same as each other, or they may all be different from one another.
  • Particularly preferred collectors in accordance with the present invention include the following combination of reagents:
  • IPET Isopropylethyl Thionocarbamate
  • A 80% Sodium Di-isobutyl Dithiophosphate
  • B 10% Sodium Mercaptobenzothiazole
  • NaMBT Sodium Mercaptobenzothiazole
  • IPET Isopropylethyl Thionocarbamate
  • B Sodium Di-isobutyl Dithiophosphate
  • IPMT Isopropyl Methyl Thionocarbamate
  • B Potassium Di-sec Butyl Dithiophosphate
  • IPMT Isopropyl Methyl Thionocarbamate
  • B Potassium Di-sec Butyl Dithiophosphate
  • IPMT Isopropyl Methyl Thionocarbamate
  • B Potassium Di-isobutyl Dithiophosphate
  • the collector or collector mixtures or collector reactions can include other collectors, such as collectors D.
  • collectors D examples of other collectors are Xanathates (dithiocarbonates) including Xanthogen formates; dithiocarbamates; dithiophosphates, such as anilino dithiophosphoric acid including salts, esters or the like such as anilino dithiophosphates, dithiophosphinates, octyl sulphides, alcohols, hydroximic acids, salts, esters and similar; and the like including combinations of two or more of the foregoing.
  • Xanathates dithiocarbonates
  • dithiocarbamates dithiophosphates, such as anilino dithiophosphoric acid including salts, esters or the like such as anilino dithiophosphates, dithiophosphinates, octyl sulphides, alcohols, hydroximic acids, salts, esters and similar; and the
  • additives can be added to the mixture and/or reaction.
  • additives include the following:
  • Surfactants including anionic and non-ionic surfactants, such as alkylamine ethoxylate containing from 15 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and nonylphenol ethoxylate with 12 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide, or the like; other additives for other purposes including glycol ethers, dispersants, foamers, processing aids, frothers or other agents promoting frothing of the aerated mixture as well as defoamers or the like. Additionally/ the collector mixture can contain water, particularly recycled water from the treatment plant containing impurities, such as the byproducts from the various treatments occurring in the treatment plants, such as for example, xanthates, or the like.
  • impurities such as the byproducts from the various treatments occurring in the treatment plants, such as for example, xanthates, or the like.
  • the amount of surfactant added to the collector mixture and/or reaction is from about 0 to about 20% by weight.
  • the pH of the pulp and collector mixture is any value up to about 13, preferably from about 2 to 13, more preferably from about 7 to 11 and most preferably about 8 to 10.
  • the pH of the pulp and collector mixture and/or reaction can be adjusted to any value as required depending upon the content of the pulp, the nature of the metal or mineral being recovered, the type and amount of collectors being used and other parameters including plant operating parameters.
  • the amount of collector mixture and/or reaction added to the raw material is any amount up to about 200 grams per ton of ore being treated, preferably from about 2 g/T to about 150 g/T, more preferably, about 3 g/T to about 100 g/T, even more preferably about 3.5 g/T to about 80 g/T.
  • the collector mixture and/or reaction can be added to the raw material as a single dose, or in two or more doses, such as in two, three, four or more doses.
  • the doses can be added separately at different time intervals and/or at different spaced apart locations.
  • the collector can be added at one location within the treatment plant or at two or more different locations within the plant, such as for example, one dose can be added to the grinding mill, to the rougher, to the scavenger or the like whilst other doses can be added to other parts of the plant.
  • the metal values being recovered by the present invention particularly include gold, silver, zinc ' lead, nickel, platinum group minerals and copper.
  • Other metals or minerals can be recovered either separately or in combination with the gold, silver, zinc, lead, nickel, platinum group minerals, copper or the like.
  • the minerals being treated by the collectors of the present invention are sulphide minerals containing gold, silver, copper, lead, nickel, platinum group metals (Platinum, palladium and the like) and zinc containing sulphides and the like.
  • sulphide minerals containing gold, silver, copper, lead, nickel, platinum group metals (Platinum, palladium and the like) and zinc containing sulphides and the like.
  • other types of minerals can be treated such as oxides, oxidised sulphides or the like.
  • Figures Ia and Ib are plots of the grade of copper in flotation concentrates expressed as a percentage as a function of the amount of copper recovered to the concentrates from the ore sample using four different collectors at pHIO ( Figure Ia) , and at pHll ( Figure Ib) , respectively;
  • Figures 2a to 2d are plots of the grade of copper present in flotation concentrates expressed as a percentage as a function of the amount of copper recovered to the concentrates from the ore samples expressed as a percentage using 4 different collectors all at a pH of 10;
  • Figure 3 is a plot of the amount of copper recovery to flotation concentrate expressed as a percentage of the total amount in the sample tested as a function of the flotation time taken to recover the copper expressed in minutes using two different collectors and at three different pH's;
  • Figure 4 (a) is a plot of total Zinc Recovery measured as a percentage as a function of collector dosage measured in g/t relative to the zinc flotation feed;
  • Figure 4 (b) is a plot of the grade of zinc recovered to the zinc concentrates measured as a percentage as a function of the amount of zinc recovery measured as a percentage;
  • Figure 5 (a) is a plot of silver recovery to zinc concentrates as a function of zinc recovery to the zinc concentrates
  • Figure 5 (b) is a plot of iron recovery as a function of zinc recovery ⁇
  • Figure 6 (a) is a plot of the grade of zinc recovered to the zinc concentrate measured as a percentage as a function of the amount of zinc recovery measured as a percentage
  • Figure 6 (b) is a plot of the amount of zinc recovery to flotation concentrates expressed as a percentage of the total amount in the sample tested as a function of the flotation time taken to recover the copper expressed in minutes .
  • Samples of flotation feed cyclone overflow mineral pulp were taken from the plant.
  • the mineral pulp samples taken were sub sampled directly for flotation testing so that the laboratory tests were completed at plant pulp density, using plant pulps obtained using plant circuit water.
  • all collectors were added after the cyclone overflow, so that the samples did not contain fresh plant collector but rather only contained residual collector from the circuit water added to the mineral grind to form the pulp.
  • Head grades of the amounts of different metals in the samples were determined using the averages of the calculated head grades obtained from the flotation tests, and were calculated to be 3.64% Cu and 17.0%Fe for the sample tested. Thus, on average the mineral sample tested contained 3.64% Cu along with 17.0% Fe.
  • Lime calcium oxide
  • pH was adjusted with lime as required to achieve a range of pH values up to pH 11.0.
  • Test pH Collector Dose UL Dose uL OTX140 • Type Rghr Scav 1 UL scav 1
  • Collectors #2, #3 and #4 referred to in Table 1 are collectors in accordance with the present invention, whereas collector #1 is a conventionally used collector included as a control and/or comparative example.
  • the collector doses were based on amounts established as a result of other investigations to determine the optimum amounts in accordance with normal plant practice.
  • Table 2 identify the number of the test sample being tested under the heading "Test' and indicate the pH of the pulp with added collector under the heading w pH" .
  • collector #2, #3 and #4 are in accordance with the present invention whereas collector #1 is a standard collector used as a control and as a comparative example of a conventional collector.
  • the column headed "Assays %" indicates the grade of copper in the material extracted from the mineral pulp and the amount of Iron extracted along with the copper. It is to be noted that it is desirable that the value of the grade of copper (Assay %Cu) be as high as possible, and the amount of iron (Assay % Fe) be as low as possible indicating that copper is selectively extracted in preference to also extracting iron so as to improve the efficiency of the flotation process in favour of the extraction of Cu.
  • the column headed "Recoveries” indicates the amount of copper and iron that is recovered from the mineral pulp using the various collectors. Again, it is preferable that the amount of copper recovered (Recoveries % Cu) be as high as possible whilst the amount of iron being recovered (Recoveries % Fe) be as low as possible so that the flotation process is efficient in selectively recovering Cu.
  • collector type #2 in accordance with the present invention was at least as good as collector type #1 and that the best results were obtained at higher pH of about pH 10 and pH 11.
  • collector #1 continued to give sticky and sluggish froth characteristics, and when doses where increased to maximize copper recovery, the froth conditions became more sluggish and overall recovery was reduced; compare tests 41 to 47 in Table 2. The effect was reduced when collector #2 was used; compare tests 39 and 46.
  • Collector #2 did not separate and its use provided good flotation performance whilst producing a more free flowing froth thus providing better selectivity and recovery of copper than collector #1.
  • a fresh sample of zinc flotation feed (lead scavenger tail) was taken from the auto sampling point for this stream. The sample was sub-sampled from the pulp to provide flotation test samples .
  • collector #5 is a conventional collector not in accordance with the present invention and is included as a control sample as a comparative example whereas collectors #6, #7, #8, #9, #10 and #11 are collectors in accordance with the present invention.
  • Test Collectors Wt Assay Recoveries %
  • Collector #9 showed slightly lower zinc grades in the zinc concentrates than Collector 5 (and lower than Collector #6 and Collector #7 which gave the best performance) . Froth conditions were noted to be slightly stronger when Collector #9 was used, and it is likely the stronger froth allowed less froth drainage and more gangue hold up, diluting the concentrate grades. It is likely a reduction in frother dose or a change to a weaker frother when Collector #9 is used would allow for both high concentrate grades and maintain the high zinc recoveries with low doses of collector. y The best zinc grade and recovery performances were from Collector #6 and Collector #7, at 67g/t for each, as shown in Figure 4. These tests gave significantly better performance than either of the duplicate standard tests with 108g/t of Collector #5. Collector #6 gave the best performance (test 28) , and also achieved a very high total zinc recovery of 97.9%.
  • Collector #6 and Collector #7 gave better zinc flotation performance for zinc flotation kinetics, grade and recovery performance, and overall recoveries, than Collector #5.
  • Collector #6 and Collector #7 achieved these excellent results with only 67g/t of collector additions, compared to the inferior results achieved with a higher dose of 108g/t of Collector #5. Hence, the collectors in accordance with the present invention dose was almost half (62%) of the Collector #5 dose, and still achieved better flotation performance .
  • Collector #9 also achieved excellent flotation performance with doses as low as 46g/t/ however, stronger froth conditions (the frother dosage was not adjusted) caused slightly lower zinc grades (down from around 56% to 51%Zn) .
  • Collector #9 may be an excellent collector with low doses, using lower frother additions or an alternative frother.
  • Collector #8 which gave excellent results in earlier testwork again gave good results. The chemistry of Collector #8 was used to prepare Collector #6 and Collector #7, hence, good flotation performance has been consistent with the basic chemistry for these three collectors.
  • Collector #6 gave the best overall zinc flotation performance, with the highest zinc recovery of 97.9%, best zinc grade and recovery relationship, and at only 67g/t total addition. This result compared to only 74.3% zinc recovery from Collector #5 at the same dosage, and only 94.1% recovery (average of duplicate tests) at 108g/t dosage.
  • Collector #9 produced the highest zinc recoveries for the lowest dosages of collector; however some froth conditions affected the concentrate grades slightly.
  • a fresh sample of zinc flotation feed (lead scavenger tail) was taken from the auto sampling point for this stream. The sample was sub-sampled from the pulp to provide flotation test samples.
  • Variations to the standard procedure included replacing the 108g/t of collector #5 with collector #6 and collector #12 at addition rates as low as 42g/t, and testing collector #5 at a lower addition rate.
  • collector #5 is a control sample included as a comparative example whereas collectors #6 and #12 are collectors made in accordance with the present invention. Further, collector #12 is a modified form of collector #6.
  • the zinc feed grade at the time was 11.3%.
  • the testwork was completed on zinc flotation feed pulps.
  • Collector #6 and Collector #12 were tested and compared with the current standard collector, Collector #5.
  • Test results confirmed the excellent performance of both Collector #6 and Collector #12 and confirmed the earlier work.
  • the removal of cyanide did not affect the excellent performance of collectors in accordance with the present invention.
  • the advantages of Collector #12 over Collector #5 are : •f Much lower dose rates (108g/t Collector #5 compared to 42g/t Collector #6) v' Faster flotation kinetics with the lower dose of Collector #12 compared to the higher dose of
  • collector #13 which is made in accordance with the present invention and compared with a standard collector, in this case collector #1, a conventional collector not in accordance with the present invention.
  • Results of the testing are summarized in Table 9.
  • the results in the table included weighted average results for tests completed in duplicate and triplicate.
  • the sample used in this example is a blend of:
  • the head grade was 0.96% Cu, 1.16 g/t Au and 6.6% S.
  • Collectors #14 and #16 are in accordance with the present invention whereas collector #15 is a conventional collector not in accordance with the present invention and used as a control for comparison purposes.
  • collectors containing at least one reagent A and at least one reagent B and/or reaction of them are efficient and efficacious in selectively recovering greater amounts of a selected metal and/or mineral, most notably, copper, gold, silver, lead/ nickel, platinum group minerals or zinc, particularly from sulphide ores as well as producing a better grade of selected metal or mineral.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that the combination of reagent A and reagent B has a reduced tendency to separate into different components or phases, thereby requiring less stirring or agitation and/or allowing the combination to be added as a single mixture therefore providing more efficiency and requiring less equipment.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that lesser amounts of collectors in accordance with the present invention can be used to extract selected minerals/metals so that lower dosage rates can be used when compared to the dosage amounts of conventional collectors.
  • collector of the present invention achieve better froth quality allowing better froth mobility to transfer from the flotation cell to the launder that collects the concentrates. Better froth mobility allows for more efficient recovery to the concentrate and contributes to faster flotation kinetics.

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  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des collecteurs à l'efficacité améliorée, destinés à récupérer des métaux précieux sélectionnés et/ou des minéraux à l'aide de procédés de flottation, les collecteurs améliorés étant des combinaisons de différents réactifs, les différents réactifs étant sélectionnés parmi des combinaisons de thionocarbamates, dithiophosphates et mercaptobenzothiazoles, les collecteurs étant des mélanges de réactifs sélectionnés soit parmi des réactifs contenant les éléments dudit groupe de réactifs, soit parmi un ou plusieurs autres groupes de réactifs. Des réactifs particulièrement préférés formant les collecteurs sont l'isopropylméthylthionocarbamate, l'isopropyléthylthionocarbamate ou l'isobutyléthylthionocarbamate. Des dithiophosphates particulièrement préférés sont le potassium di-isobutyle dithiophosphate et le potassium di-secbutyl dithiophosphate. Les collecteurs peuvent être utilisés pour récupérer une gamme de métaux et de minéraux, en particulier l'or, l'argent, le zinc, le plomb, le nickel, le platine à partir d'une gamme de matières brutes comprenant les sulfides et les minerais sulfidiques, les oxydes, les sulfides oxydés et similaires. Les collecteurs sont utilisés dans des procédés de flottation de manière à augmenter la quantité de récupération du métal ou minéral sélectionné tout en réduisant la quantité de métaux ou minéraux concurrents récupérés. Certains éléments des collecteurs ont l'avantage de ne pas subir de séparation de phase et de pouvoir être utilisés en combinaison sans que le brassage ou l'agitation peu avant utilisation ne soient nécessaires.
PCT/AU2007/001175 2006-08-17 2007-08-17 Collecteurs et procédés de flottation WO2008019451A1 (fr)

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CN101816978A (zh) * 2010-05-26 2010-09-01 中南大学 一种氧化铅锌矿浮选的方法
CN102476074A (zh) * 2010-11-25 2012-05-30 中国科学院过程工程研究所 一种铝土矿正浮选用的捕收剂
WO2013059258A3 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2013-08-22 Cytec Technology Corp. Compositions de collecteurs et leurs procédés d'utilisation
CN103301952A (zh) * 2013-06-19 2013-09-18 中南大学 6-脂肪烃基酰胺基己基羟肟酸捕收剂及其制备和应用方法
WO2013059259A3 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2013-11-28 Cytec Technology Corp. Procédés de flottation par mousse
CN103894293A (zh) * 2014-03-12 2014-07-02 玉门大昌矿业有限公司 一种氧化铅锌矿浮选剂
CN103945948A (zh) * 2011-10-18 2014-07-23 塞特克技术公司 泡沫浮选方法
US20160340756A1 (en) * 2014-01-31 2016-11-24 Goldcorp Inc. Process for separation of at least one metal sulfide from a mixed sulfide ore or concentrate
CN106238217A (zh) * 2016-05-12 2016-12-21 江西理工大学 一种氧化锌矿捕收剂的制备方法
CN109365138A (zh) * 2018-11-30 2019-02-22 河南城建学院 一种用于硫化铜镍矿浮选的新型复合浮选剂
CN110142143A (zh) * 2019-04-09 2019-08-20 广东省资源综合利用研究所 一种w/o/w多相乳液制备的捕收体系及其制备方法和应用
CN110180674A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2019-08-30 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 一种利用锌窑渣制备还原铁粉及银精矿的工艺方法
CN110665645A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2020-01-10 彝良驰宏矿业有限公司 一种细粒级闪锌矿选别的高效浮选药剂及其制备方法与应用
WO2020093365A1 (fr) * 2018-11-08 2020-05-14 金川集团股份有限公司 Procédé métallurgique en voie humide pour le traitement de minerai de nickel latéritique de faible qualité à l'aide d'une lixiviation acide combinée à pression atmosphérique et à haute pression
CN111495601A (zh) * 2020-04-20 2020-08-07 武汉理工大学 一种脱除高硫铁精矿中黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿的组合捕收剂及方法
CN114133012A (zh) * 2021-11-24 2022-03-04 白银新大孚科技化工有限公司 一种重金属离子捕收剂
CN115318449A (zh) * 2022-09-01 2022-11-11 昆明理工大学 一种低品位氧化锌矿高熵捕收浮选方法

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CN103011475A (zh) * 2012-12-07 2013-04-03 常州大学 一种去除污水中镍的方法

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WO2005113152A1 (fr) * 2004-05-10 2005-12-01 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh Collecteur pour minerais sulfures
US7051881B2 (en) * 2000-11-07 2006-05-30 Clariant International Ltd. Collector for non iron metal sulphide preparation

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WO1998013142A1 (fr) * 1996-09-26 1998-04-02 Cytec Technology Corp. Compositions et procedes d'enrichissement de minerai
US7051881B2 (en) * 2000-11-07 2006-05-30 Clariant International Ltd. Collector for non iron metal sulphide preparation
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Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101816978A (zh) * 2010-05-26 2010-09-01 中南大学 一种氧化铅锌矿浮选的方法
CN102476074A (zh) * 2010-11-25 2012-05-30 中国科学院过程工程研究所 一种铝土矿正浮选用的捕收剂
AU2012326313B2 (en) * 2011-10-18 2016-09-22 Cytec Technology Corp. Froth flotation processes
EP2768616A2 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2014-08-27 Cytec Technology Corp. Compositions de collecteurs et leurs procédés d'utilisation
WO2013059259A3 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2013-11-28 Cytec Technology Corp. Procédés de flottation par mousse
EA034500B1 (ru) * 2011-10-18 2020-02-13 Сайтек Текнолоджи Корп. Составы собирателей и способы их применения
CN103945948A (zh) * 2011-10-18 2014-07-23 塞特克技术公司 泡沫浮选方法
CN103945947A (zh) * 2011-10-18 2014-07-23 塞特克技术公司 捕收剂组合物及其使用方法
EP2768618A2 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2014-08-27 Cytec Technology Corp. Procédés de flottation par mousse
RU2626081C2 (ru) * 2011-10-18 2017-07-21 Сайтек Текнолоджи Корп. Способ пенной флотации (варианты)
CN104093492A (zh) * 2011-10-18 2014-10-08 塞特克技术公司 泡沫浮选方法
US9302273B2 (en) 2011-10-18 2016-04-05 Cytec Technology Corp. Froth flotation processes
US9302272B2 (en) 2011-10-18 2016-04-05 Cytec Technology Corp. Froth flotation processes
US9302274B2 (en) 2011-10-18 2016-04-05 Cytec Technology Corp. Collector compositions and methods of using the same
AU2012326311B2 (en) * 2011-10-18 2016-09-01 Cytec Technology Corp. Collector compositions and methods of using the same
CN103945948B (zh) * 2011-10-18 2017-08-25 塞特克技术公司 泡沫浮选方法
WO2013059258A3 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2013-08-22 Cytec Technology Corp. Compositions de collecteurs et leurs procédés d'utilisation
EA033798B1 (ru) * 2011-10-18 2019-11-26 Cytec Tech Corp Способы пенной флотации
CN107961901A (zh) * 2011-10-18 2018-04-27 塞特克技术公司 捕收剂组合物及其使用方法
AU2012326312B2 (en) * 2011-10-18 2016-09-01 Cytec Technology Corp. Froth flotation processes
CN103301952A (zh) * 2013-06-19 2013-09-18 中南大学 6-脂肪烃基酰胺基己基羟肟酸捕收剂及其制备和应用方法
US9885095B2 (en) * 2014-01-31 2018-02-06 Goldcorp Inc. Process for separation of at least one metal sulfide from a mixed sulfide ore or concentrate
US20160340756A1 (en) * 2014-01-31 2016-11-24 Goldcorp Inc. Process for separation of at least one metal sulfide from a mixed sulfide ore or concentrate
CN103894293A (zh) * 2014-03-12 2014-07-02 玉门大昌矿业有限公司 一种氧化铅锌矿浮选剂
CN106238217A (zh) * 2016-05-12 2016-12-21 江西理工大学 一种氧化锌矿捕收剂的制备方法
WO2020093365A1 (fr) * 2018-11-08 2020-05-14 金川集团股份有限公司 Procédé métallurgique en voie humide pour le traitement de minerai de nickel latéritique de faible qualité à l'aide d'une lixiviation acide combinée à pression atmosphérique et à haute pression
CN109365138A (zh) * 2018-11-30 2019-02-22 河南城建学院 一种用于硫化铜镍矿浮选的新型复合浮选剂
CN110142143B (zh) * 2019-04-09 2021-10-29 广东省资源综合利用研究所 一种w/o/w多相乳液制备的捕收体系及其制备方法和应用
CN110142143A (zh) * 2019-04-09 2019-08-20 广东省资源综合利用研究所 一种w/o/w多相乳液制备的捕收体系及其制备方法和应用
CN110180674A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2019-08-30 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 一种利用锌窑渣制备还原铁粉及银精矿的工艺方法
CN110665645A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2020-01-10 彝良驰宏矿业有限公司 一种细粒级闪锌矿选别的高效浮选药剂及其制备方法与应用
CN111495601A (zh) * 2020-04-20 2020-08-07 武汉理工大学 一种脱除高硫铁精矿中黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿的组合捕收剂及方法
CN114133012A (zh) * 2021-11-24 2022-03-04 白银新大孚科技化工有限公司 一种重金属离子捕收剂
CN115318449A (zh) * 2022-09-01 2022-11-11 昆明理工大学 一种低品位氧化锌矿高熵捕收浮选方法
CN115318449B (zh) * 2022-09-01 2023-06-23 昆明理工大学 一种低品位氧化锌矿高熵捕收浮选方法

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