WO2008007757A1 - Image processing device, method, and program - Google Patents
Image processing device, method, and program Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008007757A1 WO2008007757A1 PCT/JP2007/063948 JP2007063948W WO2008007757A1 WO 2008007757 A1 WO2008007757 A1 WO 2008007757A1 JP 2007063948 W JP2007063948 W JP 2007063948W WO 2008007757 A1 WO2008007757 A1 WO 2008007757A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/85—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
- H04N19/86—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving reduction of coding artifacts, e.g. of blockiness
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/117—Filters, e.g. for pre-processing or post-processing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
- H04N19/14—Coding unit complexity, e.g. amount of activity or edge presence estimation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/154—Measured or subjectively estimated visual quality after decoding, e.g. measurement of distortion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/80—Details of filtering operations specially adapted for video compression, e.g. for pixel interpolation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/80—Details of filtering operations specially adapted for video compression, e.g. for pixel interpolation
- H04N19/82—Details of filtering operations specially adapted for video compression, e.g. for pixel interpolation involving filtering within a prediction loop
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and method, and a program, and more particularly to an image processing apparatus and method that can improve image quality, and a program.
- Block noise is one of the causes of image quality deterioration of images encoded by the MPEG-2 (Moving Picture Experts Group phase 2) method. Therefore, a deblocking process to remove block noise is performed in an apparatus that encodes an image by MPEG-4 (Moving Picture Experts Group phase 4) method or H.264 / AVC (Advanced Video Coding) method.
- a deblocking filter to perform is provided (for example, see Patent Document 1). By this deblocking processing, it is possible to suppress deterioration in image quality even in an image having a low bit rate.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 3489735
- the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and is intended to improve image quality by appropriately performing a deblocking process.
- An image processing apparatus uses a second encoded before the first image to be used for motion prediction of the first image when the first image is encoded.
- a deblocking filter that performs a deblocking process on the decoded image, and a feature amount calculating unit that calculates a feature amount that represents the complexity of the second image.
- the deblocking filter includes: Deblocking processing to the decoded image based on the feature amount Is applied, or the strength of deblocking processing applied to the decoded image is controlled.
- the feature amount calculating means can calculate the encoding difficulty level of the second image as the feature amount.
- the feature quantity calculation means uses intra-frame prediction before the second image is encoded. Using the encoding difficulty level of the third image encoded in this way, a value obtained by normalizing the encoding difficulty level of the second image can be used as the feature amount.
- the feature quantity calculating means divides the second image before encoding into a plurality of blocks.
- the feature amount can be calculated based on the variance of the pixel values for each block.
- the feature quantity calculation means calculates the feature quantity based on a transform coefficient obtained by dividing the second image before encoding into a plurality of blocks and performing orthogonal transform for each block. Can be calculated.
- the feature quantity calculating means is based on a prediction error that is a difference between a predicted image for the second image predicted by inter-frame prediction and the second image before the sign. Thus, the feature amount can be calculated.
- the image processing apparatus encodes an image using an H.264 / AVC (Advanced Video Coding) method, and the deblocking filter includes disable—deblocking—filter—idc, slice—alpha— By adjusting the value of cO-offset- ⁇ 2, or 7-koma, slice-beta-offset-div2, whether or not deblocking processing is applied to the decoded image, or deblocking processing applied to the decoded image
- the intensity of the can be controlled.
- the image processing apparatus encodes an image by MPEG-4 (Moving Picture Coding Experts Group phase 4), H.264 / AVC (Advanced Video Coding), or VC-1 (Video Codec 1). Can be made.
- MPEG-4 Moving Picture Coding Experts Group phase 4
- H.264 / AVC Advanced Video Coding
- VC-1 Video Codec 1.1
- An image processing method or program according to an aspect of the present invention is encoded before the first image, used for motion prediction of the first image when the first image is encoded.
- No. 2 A feature amount representing the complexity of the image is calculated, and based on the feature amount, whether or not deblocking processing is applied to the decoded image obtained by decoding the second image, or deblocking applied to the decoded image Controlling the intensity of the process.
- a second image encoded before the first image is used for motion prediction of the first image when the first image is encoded.
- a feature amount representing complexity is calculated, and based on the feature amount, whether or not a deblocking process is applied to the decoded image obtained by decoding the second image, or a deblocking process applied to the decoded image.
- the intensity is controlled.
- deblocking processing can be appropriately performed in accordance with image characteristics.
- image quality can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an image processing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining a sign key process executed by the image processing apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a first embodiment of a deblocking control process executed by the image processing apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a second embodiment of a deblocking control process executed by the image processing apparatus of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a third embodiment of a deblocking control process executed by the image processing apparatus of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a fourth embodiment of a deblocking control process executed by the image processing apparatus of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a personal computer.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of an image processing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
- the image processing apparatus 101 encodes an input image using an H.264ZAVC (Advanced Video Coding) method, and the encoded image is transferred to, for example, a recording device or a transmission path (not shown) in the subsequent stage. It is a device that outputs.
- H.264ZAVC Advanced Video Coding
- the image processing apparatus 101 includes an AZD (AnalogZDigital) conversion unit 111, a screen rearrangement buffer 112, a feature amount calculation unit 113, an adder 114, an orthogonal transformation unit 115, a quantization unit 116, a lossless encoding unit 117, Accumulation buffer 118, rate control unit 119, prediction error addition unit 120, inverse quantization unit 121, inverse orthogonal transformation unit 122, caloric calculator 123, deblocking filter 124, frame memory 125, intra prediction unit 126, and motion It is configured to include the prediction / compensation unit 127.
- the feature amount calculation unit 113 is configured to include an activity calculation unit 141 and an orthogonal transformation unit 142.
- the AZD conversion unit 111 converts an analog image input from the outside into a digital image.
- the converted digital image (hereinafter also referred to as an original image as appropriate) is supplied to the screen rearrangement buffer 112.
- the screen rearrangement buffer 112 converts the original image supplied from the AZD conversion unit 111 to GOP (
- the data are rearranged and supplied to the feature amount calculation unit 113 in order.
- the feature amount calculation unit 113 calculates a feature amount that represents the complexity of the original image. Also, the feature quantity calculation unit 113 supplies the original image for which the feature quantity has been calculated to the adder 114, the intra prediction unit 126, and the motion prediction / compensation unit 127.
- the activity calculation unit 141 divides the original image into a plurality of blocks and distributes pixel values for each block, as will be described later with reference to FIG. Based on this, the feature amount of the original image is calculated.
- the activity calculation unit 141 supplies information indicating the calculated feature amount to the deblocking filter 124.
- the orthogonal transform unit 142 divides the original image into a plurality of blocks and performs original transform on the basis of transform coefficients obtained by performing orthogonal transform for each block.
- the feature amount of the image is calculated.
- the orthogonal transform unit 142 supplies information indicating the calculated feature amount to the fat mouth-packing filter 124.
- the adder 114 uses, for each macroblock, an intra-predicted image predicted by using intra prediction (intraframe prediction) on the original image, and inter prediction (interframe prediction, motion compensation prediction). One of the predicted inter images is acquired from the intra prediction unit 126 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 127.
- the adder 114 takes the difference between the original image and the intra-prediction image or the inter-prediction image for each macroblock, and converts the difference image having the prediction error power obtained by taking the difference into the orthogonal transform unit 115 and the prediction error. This is supplied to the adding unit 120.
- the orthogonal transform unit 115 performs orthogonal transform such as discrete cosign transform or Karhunen's label transform on the difference image for each block of a predetermined size, and quantizes the transform coefficients obtained thereby. Supply to part 116.
- the quantization unit 116 quantizes the transform coefficient supplied from the orthogonal transform unit 115 using the quantization scale controlled by the rate control unit 119, and converts the quantized transform coefficient into a lossless encoding unit. 117 and the inverse quantization unit 121.
- the lossless encoding unit 117 acquires information regarding intra prediction from the intra prediction unit 126, and acquires information regarding inter prediction from the motion prediction / compensation unit 127.
- the lossless code conversion unit 117 arranges quantized transform coefficients, information about intra prediction, information about inter prediction, etc. in a predetermined order, and uses CAVLC (Context-Adaptive Variable Length Coding) etc. for the arranged data.
- Variable length coding or lossless coding processing such as arithmetic coding such as CABAC (Context-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding) is performed.
- the lossless code key unit 117 supplies the encoded data to the accumulation buffer 118 and accumulates it.
- the accumulation buffer 118 outputs the data supplied from the lossless encoding unit 117 as an image encoded by the H.264 / AVC format, for example, to a recording device or a transmission path (not shown) in the subsequent stage.
- the rate control unit 119 controls the bit rate, which is the code amount per time allocated to the image to be encoded, based on the code amount of the image stored in the accumulation buffer 118.
- the rate control unit 119 uses the rate control method defined in MPEG-2 TestModel5 (TM5) to control the value of the quantization scale, which is the value by which the quantization unit 116 divides the transform coefficient when performing quantization.
- TM5 MPEG-2 TestModel5
- the rate control unit 119 calculates the code difficulty level as a feature amount representing the complexity of the original image, and deblocks the calculated code difficulty level. Supply to filter 124.
- the prediction error adding unit 120 calculates a feature amount representing the complexity of the image based on the prediction error constituting the difference image supplied from the adder 114.
- the prediction error adding unit 120 supplies information indicating the calculated feature amount to the deblocking filter 124.
- the inverse quantization unit 121 performs inverse quantization on the transform coefficient supplied from the quantization unit 116 and supplies the transform coefficient to the inverse orthogonal transform unit 122.
- the inverse orthogonal transform unit 122 performs inverse orthogonal transform such as inverse discrete cosine transform and inverse Karhunen 'label transform on the transform coefficient supplied from the inverse quantization unit 121. As a result, the difference image is decoded. The inverse orthogonal transform unit 122 supplies the decoded difference image to the adder 123.
- inverse orthogonal transform such as inverse discrete cosine transform and inverse Karhunen 'label transform
- the adder 123 acquires the intra prediction image or the inter prediction image used for generating the difference image from the intra prediction unit 126 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 127, and obtains the difference image and the acquired intra prediction image or The inter prediction image is added. As a result, the original image is decoded.
- the adder 123 supplies the decoded image (hereinafter referred to as a decoded image as appropriate) to the debucking filter 124.
- the deblocking filter 124 performs a deblocking process for removing block distortion on the decoded image. Note that the deblocking filter 124, as will be described later with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6, features obtained from the rate control unit 119, the prediction error addition unit 120, the activity calculation unit 141, or the orthogonal transform unit 142. Based on the Controls whether blocking processing is applied or the strength of deblocking processing applied to the decoded image.
- the deblocking filter 124 supplies the decoded image subjected to the deblocking process to the frame memory 125. Further, the deblocking filter 124 supplies the decoded image without being subjected to deblocking processing to the frame memory 125 as it is as an image used for intra prediction.
- the frame memory 125 stores the decoded image supplied from the deblocking filter 124 as an image to be referred to when intra prediction or inter prediction is performed (hereinafter, referred to as a reference image as appropriate).
- the intra prediction unit 126 generates, for each macroblock, a predicted image for the original image using the encoded pixels adjacent to the macroblock in the same frame stored in the frame memory 125. Perform intra prediction. Note that, as described above, intra prediction pixels use pixels of the decoded image before the deblocking process is performed.
- the motion prediction / compensation unit 127 detects the motion vector of the original image with respect to the reference image using the reference image of another frame stored in the frame memory 125 for each macroblock, and detects the detected motion vector. By performing motion compensation on the reference image using, inter prediction is performed to generate an inter prediction image for the original image.
- the prediction mode to be applied to each macroblock is determined by a mode determination unit (not shown) using a Low Complexity Mode (high-speed mode) method, for example.
- the applied prediction mode is an intra prediction prediction mode
- the frame memory 125 and the intra prediction unit 126 are connected, and the intra prediction unit 126, the adder 114, and the adder 123 are connected. Connected.
- the intra prediction unit 126 generates an intra prediction image based on the selected prediction mode, and supplies the generated intra prediction image to the adder 114 and the adder 123.
- the intra prediction unit 126 supplies information such as the applied prediction mode to the lossless encoding unit 117 as information related to the intra prediction of the macroblock that has been subjected to the intra prediction.
- the applied prediction mode is an inter prediction prediction mode
- the frame memory 125 and the motion prediction 'compensation unit 127 are connected to each other, and the motion prediction' compensation unit 127, adder 114 and adder 123 are connected.
- Motion prediction / compensation unit 127 Generates an inter prediction image based on the selected prediction mode, and supplies the generated inter prediction image to the adder 114 and the adder 123.
- the intra prediction unit 126 uses information such as the applied prediction mode, the detected motion vector, and the number of the referenced image (picture) as information on the inter prediction of the macroblock that has been subjected to the inter prediction. To supply.
- step S1 the image processing apparatus 101 starts encoding an image. That is, when each unit of the image processing apparatus 101 starts the operation described above with reference to FIG. 1, the encoding of the input image by the H.264ZAVC method is started. Further, the deblocking control process described later with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6 is also started.
- step S2 the image processing apparatus 101 determines whether all images have been encoded.
- image coding is performed until it is determined that all externally input images have been encoded, and it is determined that all images input from external cameras have been encoded. If so, the encoding process ends.
- step S21 rate control section 119 calculates Complexity. Specifically, the rate control unit 119 obtains a coded image (picture) from the accumulation buffer 118. The rate control unit 119 calculates a code difficulty level Complexity as a feature amount representing the complexity of the image by the following equation (1).
- PictureGeneratedBis indicates the generated code amount of the image.
- PictureA verageQuant indicates the average value of the quantization scale applied to the image, and is calculated by the following equation (2).
- MBNum indicates the number of macroblocks of the image.
- Quantk indicates the quantization scale applied to the kth macroblock in the image, and is calculated by the following equation (3).
- QPk represents the quantization parameter of the kth macroblock in the image.
- Complexity obtained by Expression (1) is a value obtained by multiplying the generated code amount of the image by the average value of the quantization scale. Therefore, Complexity becomes smaller as the movement of the image becomes smaller, and becomes larger as the movement of the image becomes larger.
- step S22 the deblocking filter 124 adjusts parameters related to the deblocking process. Specifically, the rate control unit 119 supplies information indicating the calculated Complexity to the deblocking filter 124. Depending on the Complexity value of the image to be deblocked, the deblocking filter 124 is disabled—deblocking g—filter—iac, slice—alpha—cO—offset—div2, and slice—beta—offset—div2. Adjust.
- disable—deblocking—filter—idc is a parameter for setting whether to apply deblocking processing, and can be set for each slice.
- disable—de blocking—filter—idc is set to 0 if deblocking is applied, set to 1 if deblocking is not applied, and is set to 2 if no deblocking is applied at the slice boundary. Is set.
- slice—alpha—cO—offset—div2 is a parameter for adjusting the strength of deblocking processing applied to block boundaries when a slice is divided into 4 x 4 pixel blocks. It is possible to set for each.
- slice—beta—offset—div2 is a parameter for adjusting the intensity of deblocking applied to the pixels inside the block when the slice is divided into 4 x 4 pixel blocks. It is possible to set for each.
- the setting range of slice—beta—offset—div2 is -6 to +6. The smaller the value, the weaker the deblocking process applied. The higher the value, the stronger the deblocking process applied Will become stronger.
- step S22 for example, when Complexity is smaller than a predetermined threshold value
- the disable—deblocking_filter_idc is set to 1. That is, almost no block noise is generated! / Very little movement, and deblocking processing is not applied to images.
- slice-alpha-cO-offset-div2 and slice-beta-offset-div2 is adjusted according to the value of Complexity. For example, the smaller the Complexity value, the slice—alpha—cO—offset—div2 and slice—beta—offset—div2 are set closer to —6, and the higher the Complexity value, the more slice—alpha—cO— offset—div2 and slice—beta— of f set—div2 is set to a value close to +6.
- the strength of the deblocking process applied is reduced for images with little movement that are less likely to cause block noise, and the deblocking process is applied to images with large movements that are likely to generate block noise. The strength of is increased.
- step S23 the deblocking filter 124 performs the deblocking process !, and the deblocking control process ends.
- the decoded image subjected to the deblocking process is stored in the frame memory 125 as a reference image. Note that if disable—deblocking—filter —idc is set to 1, no deblocking will be performed.
- the deblocking process is appropriately performed on the decoded image according to Complexity, and a reference image from which block noise has been removed while the texture is retained is generated. Therefore, it is possible to improve the image quality of an image that is inter-predicted using the reference image.
- the value of the threshold value The may be changed based on the type of image, that is, whether the I picture, the P picture, and the B picture are shifted.
- the P and B pictures which are images encoded using inter-frame prediction, are encoded using intra-frame prediction before the image. Normalization is performed using Complexity of the I picture, and the deblocking process may be controlled based on the normalized value (Norm—Complexity). Norm—ComplexityPpic with normalized Comp exit of P picture and Norm—ComplexityBpic with normalized Complexity of B picture are calculated by the following formulas (4) to (8).
- Compiexitylpic PictureGeneratedBisIpic X PictureAverageQuantlpic ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (4)
- ComplexityPpic PictureGeneratedBisPpic X PictureAverageQuan tPpic...
- ComplexityBpic PictureGeneratedBisBpic X PictureAvera geQuantBpic ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- Compiexitylpic, PictureGeneratedBisIpic ⁇ PictureAverageQuantlpic does not have the average value of I-picture code difficulty, generated code amount, and quantization scale. CodeB difficulty, generated code amount, and average value of quantization scale for ComplexityBpic, PictureGeneratedBisBpic, PictureAverageQuant ing.
- disable-deblocking-filter-idc is set to 1 if Norm-Complexity is smaller than a predetermined threshold value Then. That is, the deblocking process is not applied to an image with very little movement that hardly generates block noise.
- Norm—Complexity when Norm—Complexity is greater than or equal to the threshold Then, the value of Norm—Com piexity is set to “J”, slice alpna cO offset div2 and slice beta ofis et—The value of div2 is adjusted. For example, the smaller the Norm—Complexity value, the closer it is set to s lice one alpha one cO one offset one div2 and slice one beta one offset one div2 force one, and the larger the Norm—Complexity value, the more slice — Alpha— cO— of f set—div2 and slice—beta— offset—div2 is set to a value close to +6. In other words, the intensity of the debucking process that is applied is reduced for images with little movement that is less likely to cause block noise, and is applied to images that have large movement that is likely to cause block noise. The strength of the deblocking process is increased.
- Norm ComplexityPpic and Norm— ComplexityBpic show the motion of P and B pictures when the motion of an I picture is 1, and extract the motion complexity of each picture more accurately Therefore, the deblocking process can be performed more appropriately, and the image quality of the inter prediction encoded image can be further improved.
- the threshold value may be changed based on the type of image, that is, whether it is a P picture or a B picture! ,.
- the I picture coded at the closest time before the image or the I picture referenced in the code image of the image is used. It is desirable.
- the deblocking process is controlled based on Complexity.
- step S41 the activity calculating unit 141 calculates Activity. Specifically, the activity calculation unit 141 calculates Activity as a feature amount representing the complexity of an image to be encoded from the following equation (9).
- var sblk is a value representing the variance of the pixel values of the divided sub-blocks by dividing one macroblock into four sub-blocks composed of 8 X 8 pixels. And is obtained by the following equations (11) and (12).
- Pk represents the pixel value of the kth pixel in the sub-block.
- minsblk 1, 8 (var sblk) in equation (10) indicates that va r sblk is obtained for each sub-block in the frame DCT coding mode and in the field DCT coding mode. The minimum value of the obtained var sblk is obtained.
- the Activity obtained by Equation (9) is the average value of the activity of each macroblock in the image, and is used in, for example, the rate control specified in MPEG-2 TestModel5 (TM5). Value. Therefore, Activity becomes smaller as an image with a small change in pixel value, and becomes larger as an image with a large change in pixel value.
- step S42 the deblocking filter 124 adjusts parameters related to the deblocking process. Specifically, the activity calculation unit 141 supplies information indicating the calculated activity to the deblocking filter 124.
- the deblocking filter 124 is set to disable—deblocking g—filter—iac, slice—alpha—cO—offset—div2, and slice—beta—offset—div2 depending on the Activity value of the image to be deblocked. Adjust.
- Disable-deblocking-filt er idc is set to 1. That is, the pixel value changes with little block noise. The deblocking process is not applied to a flat image with very little image formation.
- the values of slice-alpha-cO-offset-div2 and slice-beta-offset-div2 are adjusted according to the value of Activity.
- the strength of the deblocking process applied is weakened, and block noise is likely to occur! / Complex images with large pixel value changes In contrast, the strength of the applied deblocking process is increased.
- step S43 the deblocking process is performed in the same manner as the process in step S23 of Fig. 3 described above, and the deblocking control process ends.
- the deblocking process is appropriately performed on the decoded image in accordance with the activity, and the reference image from which the block noise is removed while the texture is maintained is generated. Therefore, the image quality of an image that is inter-predictively encoded using the reference image can be improved.
- Activity is a value used in rate control defined in MPEG-2 TestModel5 (TM5), for example, it may be calculated in rate control unit 119. Is possible.
- the average value of the activity of each macroblock for example, a value that reflects the degree of dispersion of the pixel values of the image such as the total value of the activity of each macroblock. You can use it.
- the orthogonal transform unit 142 calculates the sum of the orthogonal transform coefficients. Ingredients Specifically, the orthogonal transform unit 142 divides an image to be encoded into blocks of a predetermined size. In the following, an example will be described in which a block is divided into 4 ⁇ 4 pixels and Hadamard transform is used as orthogonal transform. The orthogonal transform unit 142 performs Hadamard transform on each block according to the following equation (13).
- P represents a pixel matrix of 4 ⁇ 4 pixels before Hadamard transform
- P ′ represents a 4 ⁇ 4 transform coefficient matrix after Hadamard transform
- H represents the fourth-order Hadamard matrix shown in the following equation (14)
- HT represents the transposed matrix of the fourth-order Hadamard matrix.
- the orthogonal transform unit 142 transforms the transform coefficient at the coordinates (0, 0) of the transform coefficient matrix P 'for each block.
- Ph is the sum of the absolute values of the conversion coefficients of the AC (alternating current) component having a correlation with the code amount among the conversion coefficients in the block after the Hadamard transform.
- the orthogonal transformation unit 142 calculates a total sum DCtotal of Ph of all blocks in the image. Note that DCtotal is smaller for simple images with biased frequency components, and larger for complex images with distributed frequency components.
- step S62 the deblocking filter 124 adjusts parameters related to the deblocking process. Specifically, the orthogonal transform unit 142 supplies information indicating the calculated DCtotal to the deblocking filter 124. The deblocking filter 124 determines whether to disable deblocking, filter according to the DCtotal value of the image to be deblocked.
- step S63 the deblocking process is performed in the same manner as the process in step S23 of Fig. 3 described above, and the deblocking control process ends.
- Hadamard transform is used as the orthogonal transform, but other orthogonal transforms such as DCT (discrete cosine transform) may be used.
- DCT discrete cosine transform
- the size of the block to be divided is not limited to the 4 X 4 pixels described above, and can be any size such as 8 X 8 pixels, for example.
- DCtotal is the sum of transform coefficients that have been subjected to orthogonal transform and decomposed into frequency components, so the correlation with the degree of code difficulty of the image is higher, and the image is more accurate than Activity. It can represent complexity.
- an orthogonal transform unit 115 may be used to calculate an orthogonal transform coefficient.
- a value that reflects the magnitude of the orthogonal transform coefficient of the AC component of the image such as the average value of the orthogonal transform coefficient of the AC component, may be used.
- step S81 the prediction error adding unit 120 calculates the sum of prediction errors. Specifically, the prediction error adding unit 120 supplies from the adder 1 14 when the image to be encoded from now on, that is, the image for which the difference is performed by the adder 1 14 is a P picture or a B picture. The prediction error is added by one picture. As a result, the sum Et of prediction errors is calculated. Et is smaller as the image motion is easier to predict, that is, the smaller and simpler the image motion is, and the harder it is to predict the image motion, that is, the larger the image motion is. And the more complex, the bigger.
- step S82 the deblocking filter 124 adjusts parameters related to the deblocking process. Specifically, the prediction error adding unit 120 supplies information indicating the calculated prediction error total Et to the deblocking filter 124.
- the deblocking filter 124 adjusts the values of disable—deblocking—filter—idc, slice—alpha—cO—offset—div2, and slice—beta—offset—div2 according to the value of Et.
- the disable-deblocking-filter-id c is set to 1. In other words, deblocking processing is not applied to images with little block noise and almost no image movement!
- the values of slice-alpha-c0-offset-div2 and slice-beta-offset-div2 are adjusted according to the value of Et. For example, the smaller the value of E t, the slice—alpha—cO—offset—div2 and slice—beta—off set—div2 are set closer to -6, and the higher the Et value, the more slice—alpha—cO —Offset—div2 and slice—beta—offset—div2 is set to a value close to +6.
- the strength of the deblocking process applied is weakened, and the movement of images that are prone to block noise is large and complicated. In contrast, the strength of the deblocking process applied Is strengthened.
- step S83 the deblocking process is performed in the same manner as the process in step S23 of Fig. 3 described above, and the deblocking control process ends.
- a deblocking process is appropriately performed on the decoded image, and a reference image from which block noise has been removed while maintaining the tissue is generated. Therefore, it is possible to improve the image quality of an image that is inter-predictively encoded using the reference image.
- a value reflecting the magnitude of the prediction error for the image such as an average value of orthogonal transform coefficients, may be used.
- the deblocking process can be appropriately performed according to the feature of the image, and as a result, the subjective image quality of the image can be improved.
- the power of the example in which the encoding is performed according to the H.264ZAVC scheme is a coding scheme using an in-loop deblocking filter, for example, MPEG-4 (Moving Picture It can also be applied to cases where coding is performed by Coding Experts Group phase 4), VC-1 (Video Codec 1) method, or the like.
- MPEG-4 Moving Picture It can also be applied to cases where coding is performed by Coding Experts Group phase 4
- VC-1 Video Codec 1
- the series of processes described above can be executed by hardware or can be executed by software.
- various functions are executed by installing a computer built into dedicated hardware or various programs that make up the software. For example, it is installed from a program recording medium in a general-purpose personal computer or the like.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a personal computer 300 that executes the above-described series of processing by a program.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- ROM Read Only Memory
- a RAM Random Access Memory
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a personal computer 300 that executes the above-described series of processing by a program.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- ROM Read Only Memory
- a RAM Random Access Memory
- the CPU 301 is also connected with an input / output interface 305 via the bus 304 !.
- the input / output interface 305 is connected to an input unit 306 including a keyboard, a mouse, and a microphone, and an output unit 307 including a display and a speaker.
- the CPU 301 executes various processes in response to commands input from the input unit 306. Then, the CPU 301 outputs the processing result to the output unit 307.
- the recording unit 308 connected to the input / output interface 305 is made of, for example, a node disk, and stores programs executed by the CPU 301 and various data.
- the communication unit 309 communicates with an external device via a network such as the Internet or a local area network.
- the program may be acquired via the communication unit 309 and stored in the recording unit 308.
- the drive 310 connected to the input / output interface 305 drives them when a removable medium 311 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory is attached, and records them there. Get programs and data. Acquired programs and data are transferred to the recording unit 308 and stored as necessary.
- a removable medium 311 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory
- a program recording medium for storing a program that is installed in a computer and is ready to be executed by the computer includes a magnetic disk (including a flexible disk), an optical disk (CD-ROM ( Compact Disc -Read Only Memory), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), removable media 311 which is a package media consisting of magneto-optical disc, semiconductor memory, etc. It consists of a ROM 302 where the ram is stored temporarily or permanently, and a hard disk that constitutes the recording unit 308.
- the program is stored in the program recording medium using a wired or wireless communication medium such as a local area network, the Internet, or digital satellite broadcasting via a communication unit 309 that is an interface such as a router or a modem as necessary. Done.
- the step of describing a program stored in the program recording medium is not necessarily performed in time series in the order described, but is necessarily performed in time series. It also includes processing that is executed in parallel or individually.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
- Facsimile Image Signal Circuits (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/373,623 US8625924B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-13 | Image deblocking based on complexity |
RU2009101022/07A RU2479938C2 (ru) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-13 | Устройство обработки изображения, способ и программа |
KR20097000640A KR101364919B1 (ko) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-13 | 화상 처리 장치 및 방법과 기록 매체 |
BRPI0714048-7A BRPI0714048A2 (pt) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-13 | aparelho e método de processamento de imagem, e, programa para fazer com que um computador efetue processamento |
CN2007800267311A CN101491104B (zh) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-13 | 图像处理装置和方法 |
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JP2006193671A JP4747975B2 (ja) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | 画像処理装置および方法、プログラム、並びに、記録媒体 |
JP2006-193671 | 2006-07-14 |
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WO2008007757A1 true WO2008007757A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
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PCT/JP2007/063948 WO2008007757A1 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-13 | Image processing device, method, and program |
Country Status (8)
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US (1) | US8625924B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4747975B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101364919B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101491104B (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0714048A2 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2479938C2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200812395A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008007757A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101491104A (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
TWI335763B (ja) | 2011-01-01 |
US8625924B2 (en) | 2014-01-07 |
BRPI0714048A2 (pt) | 2012-12-11 |
RU2479938C2 (ru) | 2013-04-20 |
JP2008022404A (ja) | 2008-01-31 |
RU2009101022A (ru) | 2010-07-20 |
KR101364919B1 (ko) | 2014-02-20 |
CN101491104B (zh) | 2011-07-06 |
US20090263032A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
KR20090039713A (ko) | 2009-04-22 |
JP4747975B2 (ja) | 2011-08-17 |
TW200812395A (en) | 2008-03-01 |
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