WO2007147733A1 - Katalysatorsystem und verfahren zur herstellung von carbonsäuren und/oder carbonsäureanhydriden - Google Patents
Katalysatorsystem und verfahren zur herstellung von carbonsäuren und/oder carbonsäureanhydriden Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007147733A1 WO2007147733A1 PCT/EP2007/055583 EP2007055583W WO2007147733A1 WO 2007147733 A1 WO2007147733 A1 WO 2007147733A1 EP 2007055583 W EP2007055583 W EP 2007055583W WO 2007147733 A1 WO2007147733 A1 WO 2007147733A1
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- catalyst layer
- active
- weight
- layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940078552 o-xylene Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OCC2=C1 WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLJPGEWQYJVDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium sulfate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O FLJPGEWQYJVDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQNZJJAZBFDUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N durene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C=C1C SQNZJJAZBFDUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WGSMMQXDEYYZTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C=C1C.CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C=C1C WGSMMQXDEYYZTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLDPXPPHXDGHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-dichlorophosphoryloxybenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1OP(Cl)(Cl)=O VLDPXPPHXDGHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQPQYWGNVMIGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dioxoanthracene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 QQPQYWGNVMIGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N a1010_sial Chemical compound O=[As]O[As]=O IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000413 arsenic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002594 arsenic trioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cs+].[Cs+] KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001942 caesium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002690 malonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001952 rubidium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWBWCLMMHLCMAM-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium(1+);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Rb+].[Rb+] CWBWCLMMHLCMAM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFAIYPBIFILLEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium(i) oxide Chemical compound [Tl]O[Tl] KFAIYPBIFILLEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J23/22—Vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/195—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J27/198—Vanadium
-
- B01J35/19—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/255—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting
- C07C51/265—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/31—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation of cyclic compounds with ring-splitting
- C07C51/313—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation of cyclic compounds with ring-splitting with molecular oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/87—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans
- C07D307/89—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans with two oxygen atoms directly attached in positions 1 and 3
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a catalyst system for the production of carboxylic acids and / or carboxylic anhydrides, which has at least three catalyst layers arranged one above the other in the reaction tube, with the proviso that the active material content, based on the total mass of the catalyst, of one or more of the middle catalyst layer (s) less is as the active mass content of one or more of the upper, to the gas inlet side located catalyst layer (s) and is less than one or more of the lower, to the gas outlet side located catalyst layer (s).
- the invention further relates to a process for gas phase oxidation in which a gaseous stream comprising a hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed through a plurality of catalyst layers, wherein the active material content, based on the total mass of the catalyst, of one or more of the central catalyst layer (n) is less than the active material content of one or more of the upper, to the gas inlet side located catalyst layer (s) and is less than one or more of the lower, the gas outlet side catalyst layer (s).
- a variety of carboxylic acids and / or carboxylic anhydrides are industrially prepared by the catalytic gas phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, xylenes, naphthalene, toluene or durene, in fixed bed reactors. You can in this way z.
- a mixture of an oxygen-containing gas and the starting material to be oxidized is passed through tubes containing a bed of catalyst. For temperature control, the tubes are surrounded by a heat transfer medium, for example a molten salt.
- hot spots may occur in the catalyst bed in which a higher temperature prevails than in the remaining part of the catalyst bed or in the remaining part of the catalyst bed. These hot spots lead to side reactions, such as the total combustion of the starting material, or to the formation of undesirable, by the reaction product or only with great effort separable by-products.
- the catalyst can be damaged irreversibly from a certain hot spot temperature.
- DE 198 23 262 A1 describes a process for preparing phthalic anhydride with at least three shell catalysts arranged one above the other in layers, wherein the catalyst activity increases from layer to layer from the gas inlet side to the gas outlet side.
- a yield of 113 m / m% is achieved in a 3-layer catalyst system.
- the content of phalide is 0.15 to 0.25 mol% in the crude PSA, ie 0.13 to 0.22 wt .-% in the reactor outlet gas.
- the content of residual o-xylene is not mentioned.
- EP-A 1 063 222 describes a process for the preparation of phthalic anhydride, which is carried out in one or more fixed bed reactors.
- the catalyst beds in the reactors have three or more than three individual catalyst layers following each other in the reactor.
- 30 to 70% by weight of the o-xylene, naphthalene or the mixture of the two used are reacted.
- 70% by weight or more is reacted.
- a yield of> 114 m / m% is achieved in a 3-layer catalyst system.
- the content of phalide is 0.07 mol%, ie 0.06 wt .-%.
- the content of residual o-xylene is not mentioned.
- EP-A 1 063 222 further summarizes that the increase in activity is carried out by the following measures or combinations thereof:
- the by-products which increase during aging, especially in connection with high loading, include not only phthalide (PHD) but also unreacted o-xylene.
- a very low by-product spectrum in particular very low levels of anthraquinonedicarboxylic acid, is achieved in that only the last catalyst layer has phosphorus and that in the last layer at least 10% by weight of vanadium (calculated as V 2 O 5 ) based on the active material of the catalyst and that the ratio of vanadium (calculated as V 2 O 5 ) to phosphorus has a value of greater than 35.
- a yield of 113.5% is achieved in a 4-layer catalyst system with a residual o-xylene content of 0.003 wt .-% and a Phalidgehalt of 0.02 wt .-%.
- WO 2005/115616 describes a process for preparing phthalic anhydride in a fixed bed reactor having three or more catalyst layers with increasing activity in the flow direction. It is disclosed that a low by-product spectrum is achieved when the content of the active compositions and thus the layer thicknesses of the catalysts decreases in the flow direction. In the examples, a yield of 1 13.7% is achieved in a 3-layer catalyst system at a loading of 60 g / Nm 3 . The phalide content is ⁇ 500 ppm, this corresponds to a value of ⁇ 0.5 wt .-%. The content of residual o-xylene is not mentioned.
- the object has been achieved by a catalyst system for producing carboxylic acids and / or carboxylic anhydrides, which has at least three catalyst layers arranged one above the other in the reaction tube, with the proviso that the active material content, based on the total mass of the catalyst, of one or more of the middle catalyst layer (s) is lower than the active material content of one or more of the upper, to the gas inlet side located catalyst layer (s) and is less than one or more of the lower, to the gas outlet side located catalyst torlage (n).
- the active material content of the middle layer (s) is advantageously from 0.1 to 5 wt .-% (absolute), preferably 0.1 to 2.5, in particular 0.3 to 1 lower than the active material content of the upper, the gas inlet side located catalyst layer (s).
- the active material content of the middle layer (s) is advantageously 0.1 to 5% by weight (absolute), preferably 0.1 to 2.5, in particular 0.3 to 1, lower than the active material content of the lower, to the gas outlet side situated catalyst layer (s).
- the active material content of the upper catalyst layer (s) situated to the gas inlet side is advantageously from 5 to 15% by weight, preferably from 6 to 13% by weight, in particular from 7.5 to 10.5% by weight, based on the total mass of the catalyst.
- the active material content of the middle catalyst layer (s) is advantageously 5 to 15 wt .-%, preferably 6 to 13 wt .-%, in particular 7 to 10.5 wt .-% based on the total mass of the catalyst.
- the active material content of the lower catalyst layer (s) located toward the gas outlet side is advantageously from 5 to 15% by weight, preferably from 6 to 13% by weight, in particular from 7.5 to 11% by weight, based on the total mass of the catalyst ,
- the BET surface area of the catalytically active components of the catalyst is preferably in the range from 5 to 50 m 2 / g, preferably from 5 to 40 m 2 / g, in particular from 9 to 35 m 2 / g.
- the activity of the catalyst layers advantageously increases from the gas inlet side to the gas outlet side. Possibly.
- prior art or intermediate catalysts could be used with higher activity (European Patent Application Serial No. 061 12510.0) or one or more moderator sites (European Patent Application 27.04.2006 entitled "Process for Gas Phase Oxidation Using a Moderator Layer” by BASF Aktiengesellschaft).
- the activity of the catalyst layers preferably increases continuously from the gas inlet side to the gas outlet side.
- the activity of a catalyst layer is defined as follows: the higher the conversion for a particular reactant mixture at the same salt bath temperature, the higher the activity.
- the bed length of the upper catalyst layer in a 3-layer catalyst system preferably accounts for 27 to 60%, in particular 40 to 55% of the total Katalysator Stahl in the reactor.
- the bed length of the middle layer preferably accounts for 15 to 55%, preferably 20 to 40% of the total bed length.
- the upper layer advantageously makes 27 to 55%, in particular 32 to 47%, the upper middle layer advantageously 5 to 30%, preferably 10 to 25% and the lower middle layer advantageously 8 to 35% , in particular 12 to 30%, of the total bed height in the reactor.
- the lowest layer of a 4-layer catalyst system advantageously accounts for 8 to 35%, in particular 12 to 30%, of the total bed height in the reactor.
- the catalyst layers may also be optionally distributed to multiple reactors.
- Typical reactors have a filling height of 2.5 to 3.4 meters.
- the catalytically active composition of all catalysts preferably comprises at least vanadium oxide and titanium dioxide.
- the catalytically active composition may be contained oxidic compounds which, as promoters, influence the activity and selectivity of the catalyst, for example by lowering or increasing its activity.
- activity-influencing promoters are the alkali metal oxides, in particular cesium oxide, lithium, potassium and rubidium oxide, thallium (I) oxide, alumina, zirconium oxide, iron oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, tin oxide, silver oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, iridium oxide , Tantalum oxide, nickel oxide, arsenic oxide, antimony oxide, ceria.
- cesium is used as promoter from this group.
- Suitable sources of these elements are the oxides or hydroxides or the salts which can be thermally converted into oxides, such as carboxylates, in particular the acetates, malonates or oxalates, carbonates, bicarbonates or nitrates.
- oxides or hydroxides or the salts which can be thermally converted into oxides, such as carboxylates, in particular the acetates, malonates or oxalates, carbonates, bicarbonates or nitrates.
- oxidic phosphorus compounds in particular phosphorus pentoxide
- phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, ammonium phosphate or phosphoric acid ester and above all ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are suitable as the phosphorus source.
- antimony oxides especially antimony trioxide.
- a higher activity of a catalyst layer is advantageously achieved by a lower content of cesium in the active composition, by a higher re active material per tube volume, achieved by a higher content of vanadium in the active composition, by a higher BET surface area of the catalysts or by a combination of the said possibilities.
- the catalysts used in the process according to the invention are generally coated catalysts in which the catalytically active composition is applied in the form of a dish on an inert support.
- the layer thickness of the catalytically active composition is generally 0.02 to 0.25 mm, preferably 0.05 to 0.15 mm.
- the catalysts have a cup-shaped active mass layer of substantially homogeneous chemical composition.
- one or more successive two or more different active mass layers can be applied to a carrier. It is then spoken of a two- or multi-layer catalyst (see, for example, DE 19839001 A1).
- Steatite is preferably used in the form of spheres with a diameter of 3 to 6 mm or of rings with an outer diameter of 5 to 9 mm, a length of 4 to 7 mm and an inner diameter of 3 to 7 mm.
- the application of the individual layers of the coated catalyst can be carried out by any known methods, for.
- the active composition of the upper, to the gas inlet side catalyst layer (s) advantageously includes on non-porous and / or porous support material 7 to 11% by weight, based on the total catalyst, active composition, containing 4 to 1 1 wt% V 2 O 5 , 0 to 4% by weight Sb 2 O 3 or Nb 2 O 5 , 0 to 0.5% by weight P, 0.1 to 1, 1% by weight alkali (calc. As alkali metal) and the remainder TiO 2 in anatase form.
- the active composition of the middle catalyst layer (s) advantageously contains on non-porous and / or porous carrier material 7 to 11 wt .-%, based on the total catalyst, active composition, containing 5 to 13 wt .-% V 2 O 5 , 0 to 4% by weight of Sb 2 O 3 or Nb 2 O 5 , 0 to 0.5% by weight of P, 0 to 0.4% by weight of alkali (calculated as alkali metal) and the remainder as TiO 2 in anatase form.
- the active composition of the lower, to Gausauseriesseite catalyst layer (s) advantageously includes on non-porous and / or porous support material 8 to 12 wt .-%, based on the total catalyst, active composition, containing 10 to 30 wt .-% V 2 O 5 , 0 to 4 wt .-% Sb 2 O 3 or Nb 2 O 5 , 0 to 0.5 wt .-% P, 0 to 0.1 wt .-% alkali (calc. As the alkali metal) and the balance TiO 2 in anatase form.
- the anatase titanium dioxide used advantageously has a BET surface area of from 5 to 50 m 2 / g, in particular from 15 to 40 m 2 / g. It is also possible to use mixtures of anatase titanium dioxide with a different BET surface area, with the proviso that the resulting BET surface area has a value of 15 to 40 m 2 / g.
- the individual catalyst layers may also have titanium dioxide with different BET surface areas.
- the BET surface area of the titanium dioxide used preferably increases from the upper catalyst layers located toward the gas inlet to the lower catalyst layers located toward the gas outlet.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 show catalyst systems according to the invention with four catalyst layers arranged one above the other in the reaction tube.
- FIGS. 20 and 23 show catalyst systems which are not according to the invention and which have hitherto not been described in the prior art.
- the catalysts are filled for reaction in layers in the tubes of a Rohbündelreaktors.
- the different active catalysts can be thermostated to the same or different temperatures.
- the present invention relates to a process for gas phase oxidation in which a gaseous stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed through at least three catalyst layers arranged one above the other in the reaction tube, wherein the amount of active composition, based on the total mass of the catalyst, one or more the mean catalyst layer (s) is lower than the active material content of one or more of the upper, to the gas inlet side catalyst layer (s) and one or more of the lower, the gas outlet side catalyst layer (s).
- the process according to the invention is advantageously suitable for the gas-phase oxidation of aromatic C 6 -C 10 -hydrocarbons, such as benzene, xylenes, toluene, naphthalene or durene (1, 2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene) to carboxylic acids and / or carboxylic anhydrides, such as maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, benzoic acid and / or or pyromellitic dianhydride.
- the process is suitable for the preparation of phthalic anhydride from o-xylene and / or naphthalene.
- the gas-phase reactions for the preparation of phthalic anhydride are generally known and are described, for example, in WO 2004/103561 on page 6.
- the applied to the steatite rings active composition was 8.7%.
- the analyzed composition of the active composition consisted of 7.1% V 2 O 5 , 1.8% Sb 2 O 3 , 0.41% Cs, balance TiO 2 .
- Catalyst K4 Preparation analogous to K1 with variation of the composition of the suspension. After calcination of the catalyst for one hour at 450 ° C, the applied to the steatite rings active mass was 9.1%.
- the analyzed composition of the active composition consisted of 20% V 2 O 5 , 0.38% P, remainder TiO 2 .
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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JP2009515816A JP2009541245A (ja) | 2006-06-20 | 2007-06-06 | 触媒系及びカルボン酸及び/又は無水カルボン酸の製造法 |
US12/305,698 US20090318712A1 (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2007-06-06 | Catalyst system and method for producing carboxylic acids and/or carboxylic acid anhydrides |
EP07729957A EP2035138A1 (de) | 2006-06-20 | 2007-06-06 | Katalysatorsystem und verfahren zur herstellung von carbonsäuren und/oder carbonsäureanhydriden |
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EP06115699.8 | 2006-06-20 | ||
EP06115699 | 2006-06-20 |
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WO2007147733A1 true WO2007147733A1 (de) | 2007-12-27 |
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PCT/EP2007/055583 WO2007147733A1 (de) | 2006-06-20 | 2007-06-06 | Katalysatorsystem und verfahren zur herstellung von carbonsäuren und/oder carbonsäureanhydriden |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20090318712A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2035138A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2009541245A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101472680A (de) |
TW (1) | TW200808441A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007147733A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
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WO2009095216A3 (de) * | 2008-02-01 | 2010-04-29 | Josef Breimair | Katalysator für die katalytische gasphasenoxidation von aromatischen kohlenwasserstoffen zu aldehyden, carbonsäuren und/oder carbonsäureanhydriden, insbesondere zu phthalsäureanhydrid |
WO2011032658A1 (de) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-03-24 | Süd-Chemie AG | Verfahren zur herstellung einer katalysatoranordnung für die herstellung von phthalsäureanhydrid |
DE102014005939A1 (de) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-10-29 | Clariant International Ltd. | Katalysatoranordnung mit optimierter Oberfläche zur Herstellung von Phthalsäureanhydrid |
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JP5114474B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-19 | 2013-01-09 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 主要反応器および後方反応器中でのo−キシロールの気相酸化による無水フタル酸の製造 |
CN101448810B (zh) * | 2006-05-19 | 2012-07-11 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 通过邻二甲苯气相氧化制备邻苯二甲酸酐 |
BRPI0720411A2 (pt) | 2006-12-21 | 2013-12-31 | Basf Se | Processo para oxidação em fase gasosa, e, sistema catalisador para a realização de processos de oxidação em fase gasosa |
US8492566B2 (en) | 2008-04-07 | 2013-07-23 | Basf Se | Method for starting a gas-phase oxidation reactor |
TW201004708A (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2010-02-01 | Basf Se | Process for starting up a gas phase oxidation reactor which comprises a catalytically active silver-vanadium oxide bronze |
CN102612406A (zh) * | 2009-11-20 | 2012-07-25 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 用于制备羧酸和/或羧酸酐的在至少一个催化剂层中具有锑酸钒的多层催化剂及具有低热点温度的制备邻苯二甲酸酐的方法 |
US20110230668A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | Basf Se | Catalyst for gas phase oxidations based on low-sulfur and low-calcium titanium dioxide |
TW201206896A (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2012-02-16 | Basf Se | Process for controlling a gas phase oxidation reactor for preparation of phthalic anhydride |
JP5879342B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-30 | 2016-03-08 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 無水フタル酸を製造するための多層触媒、及び無水フタル酸の製造方法 |
US8859459B2 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2014-10-14 | Basf Se | Multilayer catalyst for preparing phthalic anhydride and process for preparing phthalic anhydride |
US9212157B2 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2015-12-15 | Basf Se | Catalyst for the oxidation of o-xylene and/or naphthalene to phthalic anhydride |
CN116060025A (zh) * | 2021-10-31 | 2023-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种加氢催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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WO2005063673A1 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Method of producing unsaturated aldehyde and/or unsaturated fatty acid |
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- 2007-06-06 CN CNA2007800230213A patent/CN101472680A/zh active Pending
- 2007-06-06 EP EP07729957A patent/EP2035138A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-06-06 WO PCT/EP2007/055583 patent/WO2007147733A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-06-06 US US12/305,698 patent/US20090318712A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-06-06 JP JP2009515816A patent/JP2009541245A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-06-15 TW TW096121653A patent/TW200808441A/zh unknown
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2009095216A3 (de) * | 2008-02-01 | 2010-04-29 | Josef Breimair | Katalysator für die katalytische gasphasenoxidation von aromatischen kohlenwasserstoffen zu aldehyden, carbonsäuren und/oder carbonsäureanhydriden, insbesondere zu phthalsäureanhydrid |
WO2011032658A1 (de) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-03-24 | Süd-Chemie AG | Verfahren zur herstellung einer katalysatoranordnung für die herstellung von phthalsäureanhydrid |
US8796173B2 (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2014-08-05 | Süd-Chemie Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing a catalyst arrangement for the production of phthalic anhydride |
DE102014005939A1 (de) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-10-29 | Clariant International Ltd. | Katalysatoranordnung mit optimierter Oberfläche zur Herstellung von Phthalsäureanhydrid |
US10227319B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2019-03-12 | Clariant International Ltd. | Catalytic converter arrangement with optimized surface for producing phthalic anhydride |
Also Published As
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JP2009541245A (ja) | 2009-11-26 |
CN101472680A (zh) | 2009-07-01 |
US20090318712A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
TW200808441A (en) | 2008-02-16 |
EP2035138A1 (de) | 2009-03-18 |
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