WO2007132628A1 - リンゴ酸デヒドロゲナーゼを基板上に固定する方法 - Google Patents
リンゴ酸デヒドロゲナーゼを基板上に固定する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007132628A1 WO2007132628A1 PCT/JP2007/058465 JP2007058465W WO2007132628A1 WO 2007132628 A1 WO2007132628 A1 WO 2007132628A1 JP 2007058465 W JP2007058465 W JP 2007058465W WO 2007132628 A1 WO2007132628 A1 WO 2007132628A1
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- solution
- malate
- substrate
- malate dehydrogenase
- dehydrogenase
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/26—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving oxidoreductase
- C12Q1/32—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving oxidoreductase involving dehydrogenase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/18—Multi-enzyme systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
- C12N9/0006—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on CH-OH groups as donors (1.1)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/001—Enzyme electrodes
- C12Q1/002—Electrode membranes
- C12Q1/003—Functionalisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y101/00—Oxidoreductases acting on the CH-OH group of donors (1.1)
- C12Y101/01—Oxidoreductases acting on the CH-OH group of donors (1.1) with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor (1.1.1)
- C12Y101/01037—Malate dehydrogenase (1.1.1.37)
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54393—Improving reaction conditions or stability, e.g. by coating or irradiation of surface, by reduction of non-specific binding, by promotion of specific binding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for immobilizing malate dehydrogenase on a substrate, and particularly to a method for immobilizing malate dehydrogenase on a substrate using a glycerol solution containing phosphate dehydrogenase.
- An immunoassay is a method of measuring the amount of a target substance by utilizing the binding property between an antigen and an antibody, that is, an antigen-antibody reaction.
- Antigen-antibody reactions are the most abundant types of biological phenomena known so far and have the highest target substance discrimination. For this reason, the immunoassay method can directly measure the amount of a target substance contained in a biological sample containing a large number of types of biomolecules from the biological sample without the need for isolation and purification of the target substance. It is attracting attention as a method.
- FIG. 1 is a process diagram for explaining an example of an immunoassay.
- the sample solution 5 containing the target substance 4 is added to the tank 1 in which the antibody 2 is immobilized (Al).
- Antibody 2 has an antigen-binding site for target substance 4. For this reason, an antigen-antibody reaction proceeds between the target substance 4 and the antibody 2 by the supplement.
- A3 the contaminant 3 that can be contained in the sample solution is removed from the tank 1.
- the second antibody 7 is added to the tank 1 (A3).
- Second antibody 7 contains a different antigen binding site than antibody 2.
- an antigen-antibody reaction proceeds between the target substance 4 and the second antibody 7 that are bound to the antibody 2 by the addition.
- the second antibody 7 is in a state of being labeled with a known label 6 such as a fluorescent substance, a radioactive substance, or an enzyme.
- a known label 6 such as a fluorescent substance, a radioactive substance, or an enzyme.
- the inside of tank 1 is again washed with a nother solution or the like (A4).
- the second antibody 7 not bound to the target substance 4 is removed from the tank 1.
- the amount of the complex of antibody 2, labeling substance 4 and second antibody 7 remaining in tank 1, more specifically, the label in a state in which second antibody 7 in the complex is labeled.
- the amount of target substance 4 is calculated by measuring the amount of body 6 (A5).
- FIG. 2 is a process diagram for explaining another example of the immunoassay.
- a solution prepared so as to contain the labeled target substance at a predetermined concentration is added to the tank 1 (Bl).
- the labeled target substance is a pseudo target substance 4 b that has an antigenic site in common with the target substance 4 a and is labeled with the label 6.
- a competitive antigen-antibody reaction proceeds between the antibody 2, the target substance 4a, and the labeled target substance in the tank 1.
- the contaminant 3 that can be contained in the sample solution and the unreacted labeled target substance are removed from the tank 1.
- the amount of the complex of antibody 2 and the labeled target substance remaining in the tank 1, more specifically, the amount of the labeled body 6 in a state where the labeled target substance in the complex is labeled is measured. Based on the amount of labeled target substance added, calculate the amount of target substance 4a (B3).
- the amount of the target substance in the sample solution is calculated based on the amount of the label reflecting the amount even in the pattern of deviation and deviation.
- a method for measuring the amount of the labeled body there is a method power S using an optical measuring means.
- Tadayuki Tsukatani and Kiyoshi Matsumoto Quantification of L-Tartrate in Wine by Stopped-Flow Injection Analysis Using Immobilized D-Malete Dehydrogenase and Fluorescence Detection, Analytical Sciences, March 2000, vol. 16, pp As described in .265-268, it is difficult to reduce the size and cost of the measuring device because it requires a light source and a luminance detector.
- JP-A-2-062952 and JP-A-9-297121 disclose an enzyme cycling reaction system in which alkaline phosphatase is used as a label and potassium hexanoate (III) is used as an electron mediator.
- a biosensor that electrochemically measures the amount of a target substance in a sample is disclosed.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an enzyme cycling reaction system used in the biosensor described in JP-A-2-062952 and JP-A-9-297121.
- This enzyme cycling reaction system consists of alkaline phosphatase, nicotinamide It is composed of first to third reactions induced in a reaction solution containing nindinucleotide phosphate oxidized form (NADP), ethanol, alcohol dehydrogenase, diaphorase, and potassium ferricyanide as a substrate for diaphorase.
- the first reaction is a reaction in which NADP is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase and converted to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidized form (NAD).
- NADP nindinucleotide phosphate oxidized form
- NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidized form
- the second reaction is a reaction that is reduced to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (NADH) by undergoing a redox reaction catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase together with the NAD force ethanol produced by the first reaction. .
- NAD H produced by the second reaction reacts with potassium ferricyanide by the catalytic action of diaphorase and is oxidized to NAD. This reaction is converted to (potassium ferrocyanide).
- NADP may be nicotinamide adenine dinucleoside phosphate reduced form (NADPH).
- Ferrocyanic potassium is converted to potassium ferricyanide by applying a voltage to the reaction solution.
- the amount of alkaline phosphatase in the reaction solution is reflected in the amount of potassium ferrocyanide generated in the third reaction through the above first to third reactions.
- the amount of alkaline phosphatase can be measured by measuring the amount of oxidation current generated in association with the conversion from potassium ferrocyanide to ferricyanium potassium.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining this novel enzyme cycling reaction system.
- the basic reaction mechanism is the same as the enzyme cycling reaction system shown in FIG. 3, but the enzyme cycling reaction system proposed by the present inventor is shown in FIG.
- malate dehydrogenase is used instead of alcohol dehydrogenase, and at least one selected from malic acid and malate is used instead of ethanol.
- This enzyme cycling reaction system does not contain a highly volatile reagent such as ethanol.
- the reagent that constitutes the enzyme cycling reaction system is strong enough not to deviate from a fixed position even if a slight impact is applied during chip storage. It is important to be able to hold it.
- the malate dehydrogenase is preferably immobilized in the chip using a storage solution in a state dissolved in a glycerol solution.
- the glycerol solution of malate dehydrogenase is known to have less inactivation of malate dehydrogenase than other preservative solutions added in, for example, a 3.2 M ammonium sulfate solution.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of immobilizing malate dehydrogenase on a substrate while using a glycerol solution of malate dehydrogenase.
- the present inventor is selected from malic acid and malate as the glycerol solution containing malate dehydrogenase. It was found that the addition of at least one kind facilitates drying of the glycerol solution, and the method of the present invention was completed. That is, in the present invention, a mixed solution obtained by adding at least one selected from malic acid and malate to glycerol containing malate dehydrogenase is placed on a substrate and dried. Provides a method of immobilizing malate dehydrogenase on the substrate, wherein the malate dehydrogenase is immobilized on the substrate.
- FIG. 1 is a process diagram for explaining an example of an immunoassay method.
- FIG. 2 is a process diagram for explaining another example of immunoassay.
- Figure 3 shows an enzyme cycling reaction system using alcohol dehydrogenase.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a novel enzyme cycling reaction system.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a chip for performing an immunoassay.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of a chip for performing an immunoassay.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of constant potential measurement in Example 1.
- the present inventor added at least one selected from malic acid and phosphonate to the glycerol solution of malate dehydrogenase, although it is difficult to dry and fix it on the substrate as it is. By doing so, it was found that it could be dry-fixed.
- other reagents constituting the enzyme cycling reaction system shown in FIG. 4 namely ferricyanium potassium, diaphorase and NADP or NADPH, are added to the glycerol solution of malate dehydrogenase. It seems that even if supplemented, the glycerol solution cannot be changed to a dry state.
- malate it is preferable to add malate to the glycerol solution containing malate dehydrogenase. This is because malate dehydrogenase can be immobilized on a substrate while avoiding a decrease in its activity more reliably, as shown in the examples described later.
- examples of malate include at least one selected from sodium malate and potassium malate.
- the enzyme cycling reaction shown in FIG. 4 is added to the solution in addition to at least one selected from malate and malate. It is not excluded to add further additives represented by other reagents constituting the system.
- Examples of the material of the substrate include polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the substrate material may be a resin material other than PET typified by polycarbonate, polyimide and polypropylene, or glass.
- a mixed solution obtained by adding at least one selected from malic acid and malate to glycerol containing malate dehydrogenase is a liquid solution such as dripping, coating, and spraying. Using a known method for placement on the substrate. Just place it.
- the substrate on which the mixed solution is disposed is placed at room temperature (25 ° C).
- the operation of vacuum drying for about 2 hours can be exemplified.
- the conditions for the drying operation may be appropriately changed as long as the phosphate dehydrogenase can be immobilized on the substrate. Changes to the conditions
- malate dehydrogenase can be immobilized on a substrate with such a strength that the malate dehydrogenase does not deviate from the fixed position even if a slight impact is applied to the substrate.
- malate dehydrogenase thus immobilized on the substrate is firmly immobilized, as shown in Examples described later, it easily dissolves in a solvent typified by a sample solution.
- FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are diagrams for explaining an example of a chip that measures the amount of a target substance in a sample solution using the enzyme cycling reaction system shown in FIG.
- the chip 100 includes a sample inlet 8 for introducing the sample solution into the chip, a solution containing an alkaline phosphatase-labeled substance in an amount reflecting the amount of the target substance in the sample solution.
- the reagent fixing tank 10 and the electrode tank 11 are communicated with each other through a flow path 12a.
- the reaction layer 9 and the reagent fixing tank 10 are communicated with each other through a flow path 12b.
- the sample inlet 8 and the reaction layer 9 are communicated with each other through a flow path 12c.
- the chip 200 has a sample introduction port 8, a reagent fixing tank 10, and an electrode tank 11.
- the reagent fixing tank 10 and the electrode tank 11 are connected to each other by a flow path 12a, and the sample introduction port 8 and the reagent fixing tank 10 are connected to each other by a flow path 12d.
- reagent fixing tank 10 At least one selected from malate dehydrogenase, malate and malate, NADP and / or NADPH, potassium ferricyanide, and diphorase are fixed.
- the reagent from malate dehydrogenase to diaphorase is dissolved in the sample solution introduced into the reagent fixing tank 10.
- malate dehydrogenase is a mixed solution obtained by adding at least one selected from phosphoric acid and malate to glycerol containing malate dehydrogenase. Is placed on the substrate of the chip and dried to fix it on the substrate.
- NADP and / or NADPH, potassium ferricyanide and diaphorase can be easily fixed on the substrate by placing them on a chip substrate and drying them.
- the sample solution introduced from the sample introduction port 8 is sent to the reaction tank 9 through the flow path 12c.
- the reaction vessel 9 a solution containing an alkaline phosphatase-labeled substance that reflects the amount of the target substance in the sample solution is prepared. Thereafter, the solution is sent to the reagent fixing tank 10 through the flow path 12b.
- the reaction for obtaining the solution has various patterns as represented by the process diagrams of FIGS. For this reason, the reaction tank 9 may be appropriately adjusted in the number of tanks and flow paths and the arrangement pattern according to the reaction pattern.
- a solution containing a substance labeled with alkaline phosphatase, which reflects the amount of the target substance in the sample solution is introduced from the sample introduction port 8 into the reagent fixing tank 10 through the channel 12d.
- the solution is prepared by the chip user prior to introduction into the chip.
- the potassium ferrocyanide obtained by the cycling reaction is converted into ferricyanite potassium, and the current value flowing during the conversion is measured (constant potential measurement). Then, as described above, the amount of the target substance in the sample solution is calculated based on the current value obtained by the constant potential measurement.
- the reagent group from malate dehydrogenase to diaphorase is in a state in which it can be dissolved in a solution typified by the sample solution in the channel 12a, 12b, 12d or the electrode tank 11, instead of the reagent fixing tank 10. It may be fixed.
- the electrode configuration in the electrode chamber 11 may be a bipolar type consisting of a working electrode and a counter electrode, or a three-electrode type consisting of a working electrode, a counter electrode and a reference electrode. It may be a polar type.
- the liquid feeding between the tanks may be performed by using, for example, centrifugal force, or may be performed by applying pressure in the flow path using, for example, a pump.
- Table 1 shows the state of each solution after the drying operation and the fixed state of the above components from potassium ferricyanide to malate dehydrogenase contained in each solution.
- Aqueous ferricyanide solution Completely dry and strong
- the potassium ferricyanide aqueous solution, the diaphorase solution, and the NADP aqueous solution were completely dried after the drying operation.
- the sodium malate aqueous solution and the potassium malate aqueous solution did not become completely dry after the drying operation, but became very viscous.
- the malic acid aqueous solution was almost completely dried after the drying operation.
- the above-mentioned components from potassium ferricyanide to potassium malate contained in each solution were firmly fixed on the substrate.
- the malate dehydrogenase solution hardly dried after the drying operation, and the malate dehydrogenase in the solution was not fixed on the substrate.
- the state of “solidly fixed on the substrate” means that the PET substrate in a state where each solution is dropped and dried is centrifuged at lOOOrpm for 5 seconds, and the dried reagent, It means that it is still attached to the substrate, and “not fixed on the substrate” means that the dried reagent can be removed from the substrate by the centrifugation. To do.
- the immobilization of malate dehydrogenase on the substrate by the following mixed solutions A to C was examined.
- the mixed solution A is a solution obtained by mixing a malate dehydrogenase solution and a ferricyanium potassium aqueous solution prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- the mixed solution B is a solution obtained by mixing a malate dehydrogenase solution and a diphorase solution prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- the mixed solution C is a solution obtained by mixing the malate dehydrologase solution prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 and the NADP aqueous solution.
- Each of the mixed solutions A to C was dropped onto a PET substrate and vacuum-dried at room temperature for 2 hours.
- Table 2 shows the state of each solution after the drying operation and the fixed state of malate dehydrogenase contained in each solution.
- Table 2 also shows the states of mixed solutions D to F described later.
- the mixed solution D is a solution obtained by mixing a malate dehydrogenase solution and an aqueous sodium malate solution prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- the mixed solution E is a solution obtained by mixing the malate dehydrogenase solution and the malic acid aqueous solution prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- the mixed solution F was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1. This is a solution obtained by mixing a casease solution and an aqueous potassium malate solution.
- the mixed solutions D and F did not become completely dry after the drying operation, but became very viscous.
- the mixed solution E was completely dried after the drying operation.
- malate dehydrogenase can be firmly fixed on the substrate by dropping the mixed solutions D to F onto the substrate and drying them.
- the fact that malate dehydrogenase in a state of being immobilized on the substrate is derived from a glycerol solution of malate dehydrogenase is determined using a known biosensor (for example, Bioflow (BF-4) manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments). Can be identified.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of alkaline phosphatase-labeled CRP antibody in the reaction solution and the current value flowing through each reaction solution immediately after voltage application.
- a high correlation was observed between the alkaline phosphatase-labeled CRP antibody concentration and the current value.
- the activity of malate dehydrogenase was maintained. In the reaction solution prepared using the mixed solution E immobilized on the substrate, the activity of malate dehydrogenase was lower than when the mixed solutions D and F immobilized on the substrate were used.
- a mixed solution in which malate represented by potassium malate and sodium malate is added to a glycerol solution containing malate dehydrogenase is used.
- malate dehydrogenase can be firmly fixed on the substrate while preventing inactivation.
- using a mixed solution obtained by adding malic acid to a glycerol solution containing malate dehydrogenase can also firmly fix malate dehydrogenase on the substrate, although the enzyme activity may be reduced.
- the present invention provides a method for immobilizing malate dehydrogenase on a substrate while using a glycerol solution of malate dehydrogenase in various fields where it is required to perform an immunoassay using a chip-type biosensor. It has great utility value.
Abstract
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JP2007530518A JP4050308B2 (ja) | 2006-05-11 | 2007-04-18 | リンゴ酸デヒドロゲナーゼを基板上に固定する方法 |
US11/976,951 US7521214B2 (en) | 2006-05-11 | 2007-10-30 | Method of immobilizing malate dehydrogenase on a substrate |
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JP2006133039 | 2006-05-11 | ||
JP2006-133039 | 2006-05-11 |
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US11/976,951 Continuation US7521214B2 (en) | 2006-05-11 | 2007-10-30 | Method of immobilizing malate dehydrogenase on a substrate |
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JP (1) | JP4050308B2 (ja) |
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US8889373B2 (en) | 2010-08-12 | 2014-11-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Enzyme catalyst immobilized on porous fluoropolymer support |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5513860A (en) * | 1978-07-14 | 1980-01-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Enzyme electrode |
JPS59166084A (ja) * | 1983-03-11 | 1984-09-19 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 安定な酵素試薬の製造法 |
JPH0296649A (ja) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-09 | Unitika Ltd | デヒドロゲナーゼ電極 |
JP2004024254A (ja) * | 2002-04-30 | 2004-01-29 | Masao Umemoto | ミオイノシトールの簡易測定法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
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JP2502666B2 (ja) | 1988-01-29 | 1996-05-29 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | バイオセンサ及びその製造方法 |
JPH09297121A (ja) | 1996-03-07 | 1997-11-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | コレステロールセンサ |
-
2007
- 2007-04-18 WO PCT/JP2007/058465 patent/WO2007132628A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2007-04-18 JP JP2007530518A patent/JP4050308B2/ja active Active
- 2007-10-30 US US11/976,951 patent/US7521214B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5513860A (en) * | 1978-07-14 | 1980-01-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Enzyme electrode |
JPS59166084A (ja) * | 1983-03-11 | 1984-09-19 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 安定な酵素試薬の製造法 |
JPH0296649A (ja) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-09 | Unitika Ltd | デヒドロゲナーゼ電極 |
JP2004024254A (ja) * | 2002-04-30 | 2004-01-29 | Masao Umemoto | ミオイノシトールの簡易測定法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
HATLEY R.H.M. AND FRANKS F.: "Variation in Apparent Enzyme Activity in Two-Enzyme Assay Systems: Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase and Malate Dehydrogenase", BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY, vol. 11, no. 4, 1989, pages 367 - 370, XP003019342 * |
SALVARREY M.S. AND CAZZULO J.J.: "Some properties of the NADP-specific malic enzyme from the moderate halophile Vibrio consticola", CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, vol. 26, no. 1, January 1980 (1980-01-01), pages 50 - 57, XP003019343 * |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4050308B2 (ja) | 2008-02-20 |
JPWO2007132628A1 (ja) | 2009-09-24 |
US20080050765A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
US7521214B2 (en) | 2009-04-21 |
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