WO2007125675A2 - マイクロフォンの製造方法 - Google Patents
マイクロフォンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007125675A2 WO2007125675A2 PCT/JP2007/053401 JP2007053401W WO2007125675A2 WO 2007125675 A2 WO2007125675 A2 WO 2007125675A2 JP 2007053401 W JP2007053401 W JP 2007053401W WO 2007125675 A2 WO2007125675 A2 WO 2007125675A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- etching
- sacrificial layer
- film
- microphone
- etchant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/005—Electrostatic transducers using semiconductor materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/04—Microphones
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49005—Acoustic transducer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
- Y10T29/4908—Acoustic transducer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a microphone, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a small microphone in which a vibration film is formed on a semiconductor substrate.
- a vent hole may be provided between the semiconductor substrate and the diaphragm for the purpose of balancing the static pressure.
- the vent hole As a passage with high acoustic resistance.
- the acoustic resistance increases as the cross-sectional area of the passage is smaller and longer. Therefore, in order to form a vent hole with high acoustic resistance, it is necessary to form a vent hole with a small cross-sectional area and a long path.
- JP-T-2004-506394 Patent Document 1
- a vent hole is formed between the semiconductor substrate and the vibration film.
- a cavity is formed under the diaphragm by crystal anisotropic etching of the semiconductor substrate from the back side.
- Patent Document 2 As a method for forming a cavity by etching from the surface side of a semiconductor substrate, for example, a method for manufacturing a pressure sensor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-76784 (Patent Document 2) is available. is there.
- a sacrificial layer 13 is formed between the semiconductor substrate 11 and the diaphragm 12, and a chemical solution (etchant) input port (etching) opened on the diaphragm 12 is etched.
- Hole) 14 isotropically etches sacrificial layer 13 to form etching window 15 between the surface of semiconductor substrate 11 and diaphragm 12.
- the cavity 16 is formed by crystal anisotropic etching of the semiconductor substrate 11 from the etching window 15.
- the chemical solution inlet of the diaphragm (diaphragm) is directly connected to the etching window. May decrease, and the sensitivity of the diaphragm may decrease.
- the chemical solution inlet is formed at the center of the vibration film, the strength of the vibration film may be reduced, or the acoustic characteristics may be adversely affected.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Translation of Special Publication 2004-506394
- Patent Document 2 JP-A 62-76784
- the present invention has been made in view of the technical problems as described above, and an object of the present invention is to form a cavity in a semiconductor substrate by etching from the surface side, and to achieve acoustic properties. It is an object of the present invention to provide a microphone manufacturing method capable of easily producing a vent hole having a large resistance.
- a method for manufacturing a microphone according to the present invention includes a step of forming an etching protective film on a surface of a semiconductor substrate, opening an etching window in the etching protective film, the inside of the etching window, and the etching protective film.
- the step of forming the sacrificial layer so that at least a part of the sacrificial layer is continuous on the upper surface, the step of forming a vibration film above the sacrificial layer, and the etchant having resistance to the etching protective film A step of opening the etching window by starting etching the sacrificial layer from a position sandwiched between the film and the etching protective film and spaced from the etching window, and using an etchant having resistance to the etching protective film
- the sacrificial layer is formed so that at least part of the sacrificial layer is continuous with the inside of the etching window and the upper surface of the etching protection film below the vibration film.
- the etching protective film is used to etch the etching window force, the separated force, the etching starts the sacrificial layer to open the etching window, and the etching protective film is used to etch the etching window. Since the cavity is formed by crystal anisotropic etching of the semiconductor substrate, a vent hole can be formed between the vibration film and the surface of the semiconductor substrate at a position adjacent to the cavity of the semiconductor substrate.
- the passage length of the vent hole can be easily increased, a vent hole having a large acoustic resistance can be obtained, and a microphone with good low frequency characteristics can be manufactured. Since the cavity can be formed in the semiconductor substrate by crystal anisotropic etching from the front surface side of the semiconductor substrate, the cavity does not spread widely on the back surface side and does not hinder downsizing of the microphone. ,.
- a protective film on the sacrificial layer with a material resistant to an etchant for etching the etchant since the vibration film can be protected from the etchant by the protective film, restrictions on the material forming the vibration film are reduced, and restrictions on designing and manufacturing the microphone can be eased.
- Another embodiment of the method for manufacturing a microphone according to the present invention is to protect the vibration film with a material resistant to the etchant for etching the sacrificial layer and the etchant for etching the semiconductor substrate. It is characterized by the formation of a film. According to the embodiment, since the vibration film can be protected from the etchant by the protective film, the restriction on the material forming the vibration film is reduced, and the restriction at the time of designing and manufacturing the microphone can be eased. .
- Yet another embodiment of the microphone manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that the sacrificial layer is isotropically etched and the semiconductor substrate is crystal-anisotropically etched by the same etchant. According to this embodiment, since the sacrificial layer and the semiconductor substrate can be continuously etched using the same etchant, the manufacturing process of the microphone can be simplified.
- Yet another embodiment of the microphone manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that the semiconductor substrate is crystal-anisotropically etched by an etchant different from the etchant for etching the sacrificial layer.
- the restriction of the etchant for etching the sacrificial layer and the etchant for etching the semiconductor substrate is reduced.
- restrictions on the material constituting the sacrificial layer are reduced.
- Still another embodiment of the microphone manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that it includes a step of forming a back plate including a fixed electrode above the vibrating membrane. According to a powerful embodiment, a capacitive microphone can be manufactured.
- Still another embodiment of the microphone manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that the cavity penetrates through the front and back of the semiconductor substrate. According to the embodiment, it is possible to manufacture a microphone that can pick up acoustic vibration from the back side of the semiconductor substrate.
- Still another embodiment of the microphone manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that the sacrificial layer is provided in a part of the formation region of the vibration film to bend the vibration film.
- the displacement of the vibrating membrane can be increased or the sag due to stress can be reduced.
- the sacrificial layer is provided in a part of a region where the vibration film is formed, thereby forming protrusions on the surface of the vibration film. It is a feature. According to this embodiment, when an electrode or the like is disposed above the vibration film, it is possible to prevent the deformed vibration film from sticking in contact with the electrode or the like.
- FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (d) are cross-sectional views showing a manufacturing process of a conventional pressure sensor.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the microphone according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 2 (a).
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the microphone according to the first embodiment in a state where a knock plate is removed.
- FIG. 4 (a) to FIG. 4 (d) are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the microphone of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 (a) to FIG. 5 (d) are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the microphone of Embodiment 1, and are continued from FIG. 4 (d).
- Fig. 6 are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the microphone of the embodiment 1, and are continued from Fig. 5 (d).
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between the vibration film and the sacrificial layer.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining the function of a vent hole.
- FIG. 9 (a) and FIG. 9 (b) are cross-sectional views showing a part of the manufacturing process of the microphone according to the modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 (a) to FIG. 10 (c) are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the microphone of the second embodiment.
- FIGS. 11 (a) to 11 (c) are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the microphone of the second embodiment, and are continued from FIG. 10 (c).
- FIGS. 12 (a) to 12 (c) are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the microphone of the second embodiment, and are continued from FIG. 11 (c).
- FIG. 13 (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the microphone (excluding the back plate) according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention
- FIG. 13 (b) is a Z-Z line in FIG. 13 (a). It is sectional drawing.
- FIG. 14 (a) is a plan view showing the shape of the sacrificial layer formed on the Si substrate, and FIG. 14 (b) is a sectional view thereof.
- FIG. 15 (a) to FIG. 15 (d) are cross-sectional views illustrating the manufacturing process of the microphone according to the third embodiment, and are continued from FIG. [FIG. 16]
- FIGS. 16 (a) to 16 (d) are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the microphone of the third embodiment, and are continued from FIG. 15 (d).
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a sacrificial layer is isotropically etched and a state in which a Si substrate is subjected to crystal anisotropic etching.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the microphone 21 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 2 (a).
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the microphone 21 with the back plate removed.
- a cavity 23 is recessed on the surface side of the (100) surface or (110) surface of the Si substrate 22, and vibration is generated on the Si substrate 22 so as to cover the cavity 23.
- a membrane 24 is arranged.
- the cavity 23 is formed by crystal anisotropic etching of the Si substrate 22 also with the surface side force, and the outer peripheral surface is a slope with a (111) crystal plane or an equivalent crystal plane. However, the opening on the front side is wider.
- the diaphragm 24 is supported at four corners by support posts 25 formed on the upper surface of the Si substrate 22. The thickness between the four sides of the lower surface of the diaphragm 24 and the upper surface of the Si substrate 22 is small and the passage length is long. The long vent hole 26 is opened.
- a back plate 27 is disposed on the upper surface of the Si substrate 22 so as to cover the upper side of the vibration film 24, and the lower surface of the outer peripheral portion of the back plate 27 is fixed to the upper surface of the Si substrate 22.
- a plurality of acoustic holes 28 are drilled in the knock plate 27.
- a fixed electrode 29 is formed on the upper surface of the knock plate 27 by a metal material, and an acoustic hole 30 is drilled in the fixed electrode 29 so as to coincide with the acoustic hole 28.
- Reference numeral 31 denotes a chemical solution inlet of the back plate 27 used in the manufacturing process of the microphone 21.
- the acoustic vibration when acoustic vibration propagates in the air or water, the acoustic vibration enters the inside of the microphone 21 through the acoustic holes 30 and 28, and passes through the vibrating membrane 24. Vibrate.
- the vibrating membrane 24 vibrates, the capacitance between the vibrating membrane 24 (movable electrode) and the fixed electrode 29 changes. Accordingingly, the acoustic vibration is detected by detecting this change in capacitance. be able to.
- FIGS. 4 (a) to (d) FIGS. 5 (a) to (d), FIGS. 6 (a) to (d), and FIG.
- FIGS. 4 (a) to (d) the manufacturing process of the microphone 21 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) to (d), FIGS. 5 (a) to (d), FIGS. 6 (a) to (d), and FIG.
- FIGS. 4 (a) to (d) the manufacturing process of the microphone 21 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a
- 4 (a), 4 (d), 5 (a)-(d), and 6 (a)-(d) represent cross sections corresponding to the Y-Y line cross section of FIG.
- many microphones 21 are manufactured on the wafer at a time, but in the following description, only one microphone 21 is illustrated and described.
- a protective film made of SiO is formed on the front and back surfaces of the (100) or (110) Si substrate 22 (wafer) by thermal oxidation or the like. (Etching protective film) and protective film 33
- the protective film 32 in the region where the cavity 23 is to be formed is partially removed on the surface of the Si substrate 22 by using a photolithography technique, and the etching window 34 is aligned with the upper surface opening of the cavity 23 to be formed. To open.
- a polysilicon thin film is formed on the surface of the Si substrate 22, and the polysilicon thin film is patterned using a photolithography technique.
- a sacrificial layer 35 made of a polysilicon thin film is formed on the surface of the Si substrate 22 in the etching window 34.
- a sacrificial layer 36 is formed in a region where the vent hole 26 is to be formed so as to be continuous with the sacrificial layer 35. The state at this time is shown in Fig. 4 (b).
- a protective film 37 made of SiO is formed on the surface of the Si substrate 22 from above the sacrificial layers 35 and 36.
- the sacrificial layers 35 and 36 are covered with a protective film 37 as shown in FIG.
- a polysilicon thin film is formed on the protective film 37, and unnecessary portions of the polysilicon thin film are removed by photolithography, and the polysilicon thin film is formed on the protective film 37 as shown in FIG.
- the vibration film 24 is formed.
- the sacrificial layer 35 is retracted inward from the periphery of the vibration film 24, and the sacrificial layer 36 avoids the corner of the vibration film 24. In this way, the four-sided force of the vibration film 24 also protrudes to the outside of the vibration film 24.
- a protective film 38 made of SiO is formed on the vibration film 24, and the vibration film 24 is vibrated.
- the SiN film is formed on the surfaces of the protective films 32, 37, and 38.
- a back plate 27 is formed with a SiN film.
- a chemical solution inlet 31 is opened at a position facing the edge of the sacrificial layer 36 at the edge of the knock plate 27, and a protective film 37 is inserted from the chemical solution inlet 31. Expose.
- a Cr film is formed on the surface of the knock plate 27, Au is formed thereon to obtain an AuZCr film, and then the AuZCr film is formed into a predetermined shape. Etch to produce fixed electrode 29.
- an etchant such as an HF solution is brought into contact with the protective film 37 from the etching hole 31 to partially remove the protective film 37, and the sacrificial layer is formed under the etching hole 31. Expose 36.
- the Si substrate 22 is immersed in an etchant such as TMAH.
- TMAH etchant such as TMAH
- the sacrificial layer 36 of polysilicon is isotropically etched by the etchant such as TMAH entering from the etching hole 31 as shown in FIG.
- the etchant enters the space of the removed trace, and a part of the vent hole 26 is formed in the trace of the etched sacrificial layer 36.
- the surface of the Si substrate 22 is covered with the protective film 32! /, So the surface of the Si substrate 22 is not etched! /.
- the sacrificial layer 35 is etched and the etchant reaches the sacrificial layer 35, and the sacrificial layer 35 is isotropically etched by an etchant such as TMAH, as shown in FIG. 6B, the sacrificial layer 35 An etching window 34 opens in the space after the etching.
- the etching start position oc of the space between the vibration film 24 and the protective film 32 is located at a position where the end force of the etching window 34 is also separated, the vent hole 26 is formed in the space between the vibration film 24 and the protective film 32.
- the etching start position ⁇ is located at the end of the vibration film 24 and is different from the etching start position of the sacrificial layer 36.
- an etchant such as TMAH enters the etching window 34, and the Si substrate 22 is etched toward the surface side force toward the rear surface side by crystal anisotropic etching.
- the sacrificial layer 35 and the Si substrate 22 are also etched in the direction.
- Etching of the cavity 23 stops when the opening on the upper surface coincides with the etching window 34.
- the acoustic hole 30 is opened by etching in the fixed electrode 29, and the acoustic hole 28 is also opened in the back plate 27 by etching.
- the protective films 32, 37, and 38 protecting the vibration film 24 are removed by etching with an HF aqueous solution or the like.
- the support posts 25 are formed leaving the protective films 32 and 37 at the four corners of the vibration film 24.
- the protective film 33 on the back side is also removed to complete the microphone 21 having the structure shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b).
- the cavity 23 is formed by crystal anisotropic etching of the Si substrate 22 from the front surface side, the cavity 23 does not expand on the back surface side. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an increase in the chip size of the microphone 21.
- the strength of the vibration film 24 is reduced by the etching hole that does not require the formation of an etching hole in the vibration film 24, and the acoustic characteristics of the vibration film 24 are reduced. There is no fear of changing the characteristics.
- the diaphragm 24 is only fixed by a part of the support post 25 (that is, the four corners), the diaphragm 24 can be flexibly deformed and easily elastically deformed. Thus, the sensitivity of the microphone 21 is improved.
- the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the vibration film 24 communicate with each other through the vent hole 26, so that vibration occurs due to a static pressure difference between the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the vibration film 24. It is possible to prevent the sensitivity of the microphone 21 from being lowered due to the film stagnation.
- the passage length of the vent hole 26 can be increased by increasing the distance between the chemical inlet 31 and the edge of the etching window 34. Therefore, the vent hole 26 Therefore, the low frequency characteristics of the microphone 21 can be improved. If this point is explained quantitatively, it is as follows.
- ⁇ is the friction loss coefficient of the vent hole
- t is the passage length of the vent hole
- a is the area of the vibrating membrane
- Sv is the area of the vent hole.
- fL the critical frequency at which the sensitivity decreases
- Rv is the resistance component of the above equation
- Cbc is the acoustic compliance of the cavity
- Csp is the stiffness constant of the diaphragm.
- the vent hole 26 between the upper surface of the Si substrate 22 and the vibration film 24 is formed by separating the position of the chemical solution inlet 31 from the edge of the etching window 34 as described above.
- the passage length t can be increased. Therefore, in the microphone 21, the acoustic resistance can be made extremely high by increasing the passage length t of the vent hole 26 so that the above (Equation 1) force is also distributed, and the above (Equation 2) force is also applied to the component force.
- the preferred characteristics can be obtained as a microphone.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the manufacturing process of the modification of the first embodiment.
- the cavity 23 is penetrated through the front and back of the Si substrate 22.
- the manufacturing method is as shown in FIG. 4 (a)-(d), FIG. 5 (a)-(d) and FIG. 6 (a) (b) and then in step 09 (a).
- crystal anisotropic etching is performed from the surface side of the Si substrate 22 through the etching window 34.
- the etching window 34 has a larger opening than in the first embodiment.
- the cavity 23 eventually reaches the back surface of the Si substrate 22 and penetrates through the front and back surfaces of the Si substrate 22. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), the vibrating membrane 24 is protected by leaving the support posts 25.
- the protective films 32, 37, and 38 are removed by etching with HF solution.
- Vbc is the volume of the cavity 23 (one volume of the back chamber)
- c 2 is the volume modulus of air
- Sbc is the area of the opening of the cavity 23.
- the cavity 23 having a larger volume than the opening area can be formed by penetrating the cavity 23 on both the front and back surfaces of the Si substrate 22. Therefore, the above (Equation 3) force is also a component force. Thus, the acoustic compliance of the through hole 14 can be increased, and even if the vent hole 63 is opened, the sensitivity is lowered.
- the cavity 23 penetrates the front and back, so that the acoustic vibration can be sensed from the back side.
- FIG. 10 (a)-(c), FIG. 11 (a)-(c) and FIG. 12 (a)-(c) are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the microphone 41 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. is there.
- the microphone 41 obtained by this manufacturing process does not require a protective film for protecting the vibration film 24 from the etchant when the sacrificial layers 35 and 36 and the Si substrate 22 are etched.
- the film forming process 1 is simplified. Hereinafter, this manufacturing process will be described.
- a vibrating membrane support layer 42 (etching protective film) having SiN force on the front and back surfaces of the (100) or (110) Si substrate 22 (wafer), and A protective film 43 is formed.
- the diaphragm supporting layer 42 in the region where the cavity 23 is to be formed is partially removed by photolithography, and etching is performed in accordance with the upper surface opening of the cavity 23 to be formed. Open window 44.
- the upper force of the vibration film support layer 42 is also obtained by forming a SiO thin film on the surface of the Si substrate 22 and photolithography.
- a sacrificial layer 35 made of a SiO thin film is formed on the surface of the Si substrate 22.
- the region where the vent hole 26 is to be formed is continuous with the sacrificial layer 35.
- a sacrificial layer 36 made of a SiO thin film is formed. The state at this time is shown in Fig. 10 (b).
- the vibrating film 24 made of SiN force is formed on the surface of the Si substrate 22 from the upper force of the sacrificial layers 35 and 36, and the sacrificial layers 35 and 36 are turned to the vibrating film. Cover with 24. After that, the vibration film 24 is formed by etching, and then the SiO thin film is formed on the vibration film 24 as shown in FIG.
- a film is formed to form a protective film 45, and the vibration film 24 and the vibration film support layer 42 are covered with the protective film 45.
- a SiN film is formed on the surface of the protective film 45 to form the back plate 27.
- a fixed electrode 29 made of AuZCr is formed on the back plate 27.
- the acoustic hole 30 is opened in the fixed electrode 29 by etching, and then the chemical solution inlet 31 and the acoustic hole 28 are opened in the back plate 27. Furthermore, by partially opening the edges of the protective film 45 and the diaphragm 24 immediately below the chemical inlet 31 from the chemical inlet 31, an etching hole 46 is opened in the diaphragm 24 immediately below the chemical inlet 31 for etching. The sacrificial layer 36 is exposed from the hole 46.
- the protective film 45 is isotropically etched by the HF aqueous solution entering from the chemical solution inlet 31, and the sacrificial layer 36 is equalized by the HF aqueous solution entering from the etching hole 46. Isotropic etching.
- the sacrificial layer 36 is isotropically etched, a part of the vent hole 26 is formed at the trace of the sacrificial layer 36 being isotropically etched. Further, when the sacrificial layer 36 is etched and the HF aqueous solution reaches the sacrificial layer 35, the sacrificial layer 35 is isotropically etched with the HF aqueous solution, and an etching window 34 is opened in a space where the sacrificial layer 35 is etched away. To do.
- the Si substrate 22 is removed from the HF aqueous solution. Increase your power.
- the etching start position of the space between the vibrating membrane 24 and the vibrating membrane support layer 42 (X is located at a position where the end force of the etching window 34 is also separated, so A vent hole 26 is created in the space and the passage of the vent hole 26 The length can be increased.
- the etching start position ⁇ is at the etching hole 46 and coincides with the etching start position of the sacrificial layer 36.
- the Si substrate 22 is immersed in an etchant such as a bag.
- This etchant penetrates into the etching window 44 from the etching hole 46 and etches the Si substrate 22 by surface anisotropic force as well.
- the cavity 23 is formed on the upper surface side of the Si substrate 22 as in the case of the first embodiment.
- an etchant such as TMAH
- the cavity 23 having a small spread on the back surface side can be opened only by etching from the front surface side of the Si substrate 22, and the microphone 41 can be downsized. be able to.
- an etching hole 46 is opened in the vibration film 24. This is an opening end of the vent hole 26, and is provided at a position away from the vibration part of the vibration film 24. There is little risk of changing the physical characteristics of the diaphragm 24 in the microphone 41 or reducing the strength of the diaphragm 24.
- the vibration film 24 is formed of a material (SiN) resistant to an etchant such as TMAH for etching the Si substrate 22.
- TMAH etchant
- the film forming operation can be simplified in the manufacturing process of the microphone 41 that requires a protective film that protects the lower surface of the vibration film 24 as in 1, and the manufacturing cost of the microphone 41 can be reduced.
- Embodiment 1 since crystal anisotropic etching and isotropic etching are performed by the same etchant, crystal anisotropic etching and isotropic etching are continuously performed in the same apparatus. The work efficiency was high.
- Embodiment 2 since the crystal anisotropic etching and the isotropic etching are separate processes, the restrictions on the means for crystal anisotropic etching and the means for isotropic etching are reduced.
- the isotropic etching can be an etching using a corrosive gas.
- FIG. 13 (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the microphone 51 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention
- FIG. 13 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line Z-Z of FIG. 13 (a).
- This microphone 51 has wrinkles on the diaphragm 24.
- (Iii) It is provided with functional parts such as the structure and stagger 52.
- the wrinkle structure of the vibrating membrane 24 is constituted by a bent portion 53 having a quadrangular annular shape.
- the bent portion 53 is bent so that its cross section protrudes to the upper surface side of the vibrating membrane 24. If the wrinkle structure is formed in the vibrating membrane 24 in this way, the displacement of the vibrating membrane 24 is increased or the squeezing force due to stress is reduced. and Actuators A21-A23 pp.998-992, 1992).
- the stagger 52 is one in which the surface of the vibrating membrane 24 is round and protrudes in a protruding shape.
- the vibrating membrane 24 becomes a movable electrode, and the fixed electrode 29 is disposed above the vibrating membrane 24.
- the electrostatic capacity type microphone 51 if the strobe 52 is provided on the upper surface of the vibrating membrane 24, even if the vibrating membrane 24 is greatly deformed, the stubber 52 comes into contact with the fixed electrode, thereby causing an electrostatic force. It is possible to prevent the vibrating membrane 24 from coming back to the fixed electrode 29 while being returned to V.
- FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b) are diagrams for explaining the manufacturing process of the microphone 51.
- the manufacturing process of the microphone 51 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- a protective film 32 (etching protective film) and a protective film 33 are formed on the front and back surfaces of the Si substrate 22 with a SiO 2 thin film.
- the protective film 32 is etched at a location where the bent portion 53 and the stopper 52 are to be provided, thereby opening the etching window 34.
- a polysilicon thin film is formed on the entire surface of the Si substrate 22 from above the protective film 32, and this polysilicon thin film is etched so as to have a predetermined pattern.
- a sacrificial layer 35 is formed by a silicon thin film, and a sacrificial layer 36 is formed in a region where a vent hole 26 is to be formed on the upper surface of the protective film 32.
- the surface of the Si substrate 22 is made of SiO over the sacrificial layers 35 and 36.
- the vibration film 24 made of a polysilicon thin film is formed on the protective film 37.
- the vibration film 24 is provided with the sacrificial layers 35 and 36 through the protective film 37. Since it is lifted by 36, the bent portion 53 and the stopper 52 are formed on the sacrificial layers 35, 36.
- a protective film 38 having a SiO force is formed on the vibration film 24.
- a SiN film is formed on the surface of the protective film 45 as shown in FIG. Form. Further, a fixed electrode 29 made of AuZCr is formed on the back plate 27.
- the acoustic hole 30 is opened in the fixed electrode 29 by etching, and then the chemical solution inlet 31 and the acoustic hole 28 are opened in the back plate 27. Further, the protective films 38 and 37 directly below the chemical solution inlet 31 are partially opened, and the sacrificial layer 36 is exposed below the chemical solution inlet 31.
- the Si substrate 22 is immersed in an etchant such as TMAH, the etchant such as TMAH etches the polysilicon isotropically, so that as shown in FIG.
- TMAH etchant
- the sacrificial layer 36 is isotropically etched by the infiltrated etchant.
- an etchant such as TMAH enters the trace space, and a part of the vent hole 26 is formed in the trace of the sacrificial layer 36 being isotropically etched.
- an etchant such as TMAH enters the trace space, and a part of the vent hole 26 is formed in the trace of the sacrificial layer 36 being isotropically etched.
- the sacrificial layer 36 is etched and the etchant reaches the sacrificial layer 35, the sacrificial layer 35 is isotropically etched by the HF aqueous solution as shown by the thin line arrows in FIG.
- An etching window 34 opens in the space after the etching.
- etching window 34 When the etching window 34 is opened, crystal anisotropic etching of the Si substrate 22 proceeds from the edge of the etching window 34 as shown by a thick arrow in FIG. 17, and as shown in FIG.
- the substrate 22 has a cavity 23 formed on the surface side.
- TMAH TMAH
- KOH KOH
- EDP etc.
- a compound semiconductor substrate or the like may be used as the semiconductor substrate.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
- Pressure Sensors (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200780013260.0A CN101422053B (zh) | 2006-04-27 | 2007-02-23 | 麦克风的制造方法 |
| US12/296,646 US7849583B2 (en) | 2006-04-27 | 2007-02-23 | Microphone manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006123652A JP4742972B2 (ja) | 2006-04-27 | 2006-04-27 | マイクロフォンの製造方法 |
| JP2006-123652 | 2006-04-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007125675A2 true WO2007125675A2 (ja) | 2007-11-08 |
Family
ID=38655914
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/053401 Ceased WO2007125675A2 (ja) | 2006-04-27 | 2007-02-23 | マイクロフォンの製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7849583B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4742972B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101422053B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007125675A2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010010643A1 (ja) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-28 | オムロン株式会社 | 静電容量型振動センサ |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007288669A (ja) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-11-01 | Hosiden Corp | エレクトレットコンデンサマイクロホン |
| KR101113366B1 (ko) * | 2008-02-20 | 2012-03-02 | 오므론 가부시키가이샤 | 정전 용량형 진동 센서 |
| US8144906B2 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2012-03-27 | Akustica, Inc. | Wind immune microphone |
| KR101300749B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-14 | 2013-08-28 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 음향 센서 및 이의 제조 방법 |
| JP4947168B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2012-06-06 | オムロン株式会社 | 音響センサ |
| JP5083369B2 (ja) | 2010-04-28 | 2012-11-28 | オムロン株式会社 | 音響センサ及びその製造方法 |
| JP5454345B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-11 | 2014-03-26 | オムロン株式会社 | 音響センサ及びその製造方法 |
| CN102348155B (zh) * | 2010-07-30 | 2014-02-05 | 上海丽恒光微电子科技有限公司 | 微机电麦克风及其制造方法 |
| JP5267627B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-08-21 | オムロン株式会社 | 音響センサ及びその製造方法 |
| CN103681233B (zh) * | 2012-09-05 | 2016-06-15 | 无锡华润上华半导体有限公司 | 一种多沟槽结构的制作方法 |
| DE102013213071B3 (de) * | 2013-07-04 | 2014-10-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Herstellungsverfahren für ein mikromechanisches Bauteil |
| CN103449358A (zh) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-18 | 上海先进半导体制造股份有限公司 | Mems封闭腔体的制作方法 |
| DE102014214525B4 (de) * | 2014-07-24 | 2019-11-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Mikro-elektromechanisches Bauteil und Herstellungsverfahren für mikro-elektromechanische Bauteile |
| JP6409188B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-18 | 2018-10-24 | 株式会社オーディオテクニカ | 電気音響変換器および音響抵抗材 |
| KR101610129B1 (ko) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-04-20 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 마이크로폰 및 그 제조방법 |
| CN107226450B (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2021-09-03 | 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 | 一种mems器件及其制备方法、电子装置 |
| CN108122790B (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2020-12-18 | 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 | 半导体装置及其制造方法 |
| CN107215844B (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2020-01-31 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | 一种膜片结构及其制作方法 |
| JP2020036214A (ja) | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | Tdk株式会社 | Memsマイクロフォン |
| JP2020036215A (ja) | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | Tdk株式会社 | Memsマイクロフォン |
| CN116692767A (zh) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-09-05 | 绍兴中芯集成电路制造股份有限公司 | 一种mems器件及其制造方法、电子装置 |
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| JPS6276784A (ja) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-04-08 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 半導体圧力センサの製造方法 |
| JPH06339192A (ja) * | 1993-05-27 | 1994-12-06 | Atsuden Kk | マイクロホンユニット |
| US5452268A (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 1995-09-19 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Acoustic transducer with improved low frequency response |
| JPH09130199A (ja) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-05-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 圧電薄膜素子およびその製法 |
| TW387198B (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 2000-04-11 | Hosiden Corp | Audio sensor and its manufacturing method, and semiconductor electret capacitance microphone using the same |
| US7434305B2 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2008-10-14 | Knowles Electronics, Llc. | Method of manufacturing a microphone |
| CN1642359A (zh) * | 2004-01-08 | 2005-07-20 | 佳乐电子股份有限公司 | 微型单晶片式麦克风及其制造方法 |
| CN100596241C (zh) * | 2004-05-27 | 2010-03-24 | 李韫言 | 单晶硅微机械加工的电容式麦克风及其制造方法 |
-
2006
- 2006-04-27 JP JP2006123652A patent/JP4742972B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-02-23 US US12/296,646 patent/US7849583B2/en active Active
- 2007-02-23 CN CN200780013260.0A patent/CN101422053B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-23 WO PCT/JP2007/053401 patent/WO2007125675A2/ja not_active Ceased
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010010643A1 (ja) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-28 | オムロン株式会社 | 静電容量型振動センサ |
| US8627725B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2014-01-14 | Omron Corporation | Capacitance type vibration sensor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007295487A (ja) | 2007-11-08 |
| US20090181489A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
| CN101422053B (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
| US7849583B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
| CN101422053A (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
| JP4742972B2 (ja) | 2011-08-10 |
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