WO2007115389A1

WO2007115389A1 - Positive displacement plant

Info

Publication number: WO2007115389A1
Application number: PCT/BY2006/000003
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vladimir Iossifovich Golubev
Original assignee: Vladimir Iossifovich Golubev
Priority date: 2006-04-10
Filing date: 2006-04-10
Publication date: 2007-10-18
Also published as: EA014051B1; EA200802121A1

Abstract

The invention can be used in mechanical engineering for producing compact positive displacement plants using compressible and incompressible working media. The inventive plant comprises different combinations of driving devices and rotary positive displacement machines which are used in refrigerating units, air-conditioning devices using CO<SUB>2 </SUB>in the form of a working medium, hydraulic pumping plants etc. The inventive plant comprises a driving device (in particular, an electric motor ) and is connected to at least one rotary positive displacement machine by means of a rotatable driving link. The positive displacement machines are provided with a working member which contains 12-20 working volumes and carries out a spherical movement along the section of a spherical surface of the body. The driving link is spatially fixed by means of a joint-type coupling with the working member, in the form of a spherical self-adjustable gasostatic bearing (or hydrostatic for hydraulic positive displacement machines). Such a structural design makes it possible to exclude the strong end walls of the driving device and the positive displacement machine, thereby reducing the all-over dimensions and mass of the plant. The possible embodiment of the plant is disclosed in the form of a refrigeration unit for an CO<SUB>2</SUB> air-conditioning device provided with the compressors of first and second compression stages and a driving electric motor.

Description

INSTALLING VOLUME EXTRACTION

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used as a basis for creating various combined installations consisting of a drive device (mainly in the form of an electric motor) connected to a rotary displacement volume displacement (MOB) machine, or with several similar machines, for example, two hydraulic pumps, or compressor and vacuum pump, etc. The possibility of reversed installation is assumed, in which the MOB is made in the form of an engine, and the drive device, for example, in the form of an electric generator.

State of the art

Volumetric displacement installations are widely known, consisting of a drive device using one or another type of energy with a rotating drive link (electric machine rotor, flywheel, etc.) connected to the MOB [1]. Such installations are characterized by the implementation of the drive device and MOB in the form of independent (autonomous) structures having their own separate housings, which leads to an increase in the weight and size of the installation. More compact installations, with a drive device in the form of an electric motor and rotary MOB, made, for example, in the form of a hermetic refrigeration unit [2], while the drive link (motor rotor) is installed in two strong end walls of the MOB housing containing the housing, working chambers and piston elements in the form of eccentrics.

But the drawbacks of the known volumetric displacement units consisting of several drive devices and / or MOBs are most noticeable. As a typical representative of a compact volumetric displacement unit, for example, a volumetric displacement unit [3] (prototype) is known, consisting of a drive device in the form of an electric motor and two rotary MOBs located in a common housing and connected on both sides with a drive link - an electric rotor engine. In addition, each MOB contains a housing, working chambers and piston elements in the form of eccentrics. The radial and axial bearings of the rotor of the electric machine and the piston elements are the durable end walls of the MOB housings. The need for four sufficiently strong (and, accordingly, heavy) end walls of the housing increases the weight and size of the installation. In addition, the implementation of MOB with only one duty cycle per revolution of the piston element increases the starting torque of the drive device (respectively, the starting current and the dimension of the electric motor). The unevenness of the supply of the working fluid also increases. When the installation is reversed, the unevenness of the MOB torque and the ripple of the current of the electric generator is large. The presence of four spaced coaxial cylindrical bearings (i.e., not self-aligning) leads to the appearance of excessive connections and, accordingly, to the likelihood of additional mechanical losses due to technological and operational errors.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result of the proposed solution is to minimize the mass and size of the volumetric displacement unit. Additionally, the problem of reducing the starting torque and uneven supply of the working fluid, eliminating the effects of unbalanced pressure forces of the working fluid, and reducing the number of excess bonds is solved. This leads to a decrease in vibration, increase the reliability and durability of the device. The basis of the proposed technical solution is the non-obvious design properties of the well-known volumetric device - “Golubeva Machines” [4], which allow to exclude partially or completely bearing end walls of both the MOB housing and the drive device when it is connected to the MOB. At the same time, a decrease in the starting torque and uniformity of feed is achieved due to a significant (6 -10 times) increase in the number of work cycles per revolution, elimination of the action of unbalanced pressure forces of the working fluid, while the spherical shape of kinematically interacting elements reduces the effects of excess bonds.

To achieve the main and additional technical results in the installation of volumetric displacement, consisting of at least a drive device (for example, in the form of an electric motor) connected differences have been introduced with the drive link from at least one rotor-type MOB having a housing, working chambers and piston elements, namely, the MOB housing is provided with a spherical surface portion, piston elements are installed in the equatorial region of the spherical surface and placed in meridional working cameras located in the working body, which is paired with a portion of the spherical surface of the housing and installed with the possibility of spherical movement. In this case, the spherical movement of the working body is determined by the movement of its geometric pole axis along a conditional biconical surface around the geometric pole axis of a portion of the spherical surface of the housing, and the connection of the drive device to the MOB is made by hinging the drive link with the working body of the MOB. In this case, the working body also simultaneously performs the spatial fixation function of the drive link and can be considered as a self-aligning spherical support of the drive link, which makes it possible to exclude, in particular, the prototype (and in such installations) fully or partially durable end walls of the housing, perceiving radial and axial forces of the drive link. At the same time, excess connections are also reduced. The presented functional feature can be implemented using various technical solutions depending on the specific purpose of the installation and its design and technological features. The implementation of this functional feature is most effective when performing installation with several MOB and / or drive devices in various combinations. Possible spatial fixation of the drive link, i.e. specific implementation of the link of the drive link with the working body of the MOB can be represented in two main forms:

- the drive link is equipped with a rigidly installed oblique crank, directed along the geometric pole axis of the working body MOB, while the hinges are placed in the pole regions of the working body MOB;

- the drive link is equipped with a rigidly mounted oblique crank in the form of an oblique (inclined) washer with an axis directed along the geometric pole axis of the sections of the spherical surface of the housing, and the hinges are located in the center of the spherical movement of the working body MOB. Particular embodiments of the installation can be a combination of the mentioned links of the drive link (links) with the working body (bodies)

MOB. In this case, the choice of option is determined by the functional purpose of the installation, as well as the structural and technological preferences of the manufacturer.

One of the possible examples of the implementation of the technical solution is presented in the form of a compressor installation of an air conditioner with CO2 as a working fluid. In this case, the drive device is made in the form of an electric motor located between two MOBs that perform the functions of compressors of the first and second compression stages with intermediate cooling.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section (B-B) of an installation from a drive device in the form of an electric motor, a compressor of the first compression stage connected through an intermediate heat exchanger (shown schematically) to a compressor of the second compression stage. In FIG. 2 shows a cross-section (A-A) of an MOB (compressor of the first compression stage) with fragments of a view of the input and output channels. The compressor of the second compression stage is similar, but has a smaller cross section of the working chambers (i.e., a smaller working volume), and the hinges are placed in the pole regions of the working body.

Embodiments of the invention

The proposed installation option comprises a drive device 1 (electric motor) with a drive link 2 (rotor) connected to two structurally similar MOB - 3 and Za. Each MOB contains a housing 4, working chambers 5 (the accepted number of working chambers is 12) with piston elements 6 included. The housing 4 is made with a portion of the spherical surface 7, and the working chambers 5 have a meridional orientation and are located in the working body 8 associated with housing 4 along a portion of the spherical surface 7. Piston elements 6 are mounted on the housing 4 in the equatorial region of the portion of the spherical surface 7 using piston fingers 9. The spherical movement of the working body 8 is determined by the movement of its geometric pole axis 10 along a conditional biconical surface (not shown) around the geometric pole axis 11 sections the spherical surface 7 of the housing 4 by kinematic connection of the working body 8 with the drive link 2. Two variants of the kinematic connection are presented. In the first embodiment, the working body 8 of the compressor of the first compression stage (MOB 3) is pivotally connected to the drive link 2 by means of an oblique crank 12 (an inclined washer, disk) located in the central region of the housing 4 and rigidly connected by the axis 13 to the drive link 2. In the second embodiment the working body 8 of the compressor of the second compression stage (MOB 3) is pivotally connected to the driving link 2 by means of an oblique crank 14 passing through the poles of the working body, rigidly connected to the driving link 2. The MOB 3 and MOB 3 are equipped with counterweights 15 located in the polar regions of the working body . If necessary, corrective balances can be installed on the drive link 2 (not shown). Input channels 16, 16a and output channels 17, 17a, respectively, of MOB 3 and MOB 3 are placed in the housing 4 taking into account the paths of the working chambers 5. The output channels 17 of the compressor of the first compression stage (MOB 3) are connected to the input channels 16 of the compressor of the second compression stage (MOB For) through an intermediate ring heat exchanger 18 (shown schematically).

The conditional dividing plane 19 divides the considered options for the kinematic connection of the working body 8 with the drive link 2 into two parts. In other configurations of the installation, these parts can be connected symmetrically relative to each other or the drive device, and MOB can be placed on one side of the drive device or between the drive devices. The installation of volumetric displacement as a refrigeration unit of the air conditioner operates as follows. When energy is supplied to the drive device 1 (electric motor), the drive link 2 (rotor) rotates and the axis 13 rigidly mounted on it with an oblique crank 12, as well as an oblique crank 14. Accordingly, in each MOB, the geometric pole axes 10 of the working bodies 8 describe biconical surfaces around the geometrical pole axis 11 of the sections of the spherical surface 7 of the housing 4, and the working bodies 8, pivotally connected to the oblique cranks 12 and 14, perform a spherical movement characteristic of the MOB of the “Golubeva” type [4], in which the working chambers 5 describe elongated b

the meridional direction of "eight", and the piston elements 6 track their movement. During the movement, the working chambers 5 are alternately connected to the input channels 16, 16a and output channels 17, 17a. (The mechanism of distribution of the working fluid is not considered in detail in the context of the problem being solved). It is important to note that to solve the problem it is essential that the same work processes (in particular, the processes of compression of the working fluid) occur in diametrically opposed working chambers 5, while the working body 8 is unloaded from the pressure of the working fluid and performs the function of a spherical (self-aligning ) bearings of the drive link 2. In other words, the working body 8 can be considered as a spherical bearing with gas-static unloading. (The working element in the hydraulic MOB also plays the role of a support with hydrostatic unloading). Thus, the drive link 2 becomes spatially defined in the radial and axial directions with the minimum possible excess connections. The centrifugal forces arising during the spherical movement of the working body 8 are balanced arbitrarily exactly by counterweights 15. During the operation of MOB 3, the working fluid (in this case, CO ₂ ) is supplied to the input channels 16, is compressed and fed through the output channels 17 through an annular heat exchanger 18 on the input channels 16a MOB Over, where it is pressurized to a predetermined pressure.

Industrial applicability

The proposed implementation of the volumetric displacement installation is feasible at the modern technological level. In this case, the following is achieved: - reduction of the overall size and weight of the installation;

- decrease in starting torque (inrush current);

- reduction of pulsation of the working fluid (torque);

- a fundamental possibility of the exclusion of mechanical vibrations. The design base is also expanding, since the designer is able to design compact versions of volumetric displacement units for various functional purposes on the basis of various combinations of drives and MOBs with various working bodies, compressible and incompressible. It is also important to note that various sources of torque, i.e. having rotating drive link. In particular, the most effective is the performance of volumetric displacement installations with a drive device also on MOBs of the “Golubev Machine” type [4], for example, a reversed installation in the form of two spaced electric generators with a hydraulic motor between them.

Sources of information: [1] - "Mechanical vacuum pumps". E.S. Frolov, I.V. Avtonomova,

V.I. Vasiliev et al. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1989. (p. 88). [2] - “Refrigerated Compressors”. Directory. Ed. A.V. Bykova. - M .: Light and food industry. 1981. (p. 160).

[3] - Pat. U.S. Nos. 6171076 B1 dated 9.01.2002.

[4] - Eurasian patent Ns 003880 "Volumetric device" Golubeva machine ", publ. 10/30/2003. (Application PCT WO 01/75274, publ. 11.10.2001).

Claims

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION

1. Installation of volumetric displacement, consisting of at least one drive device connected by a drive link to at least one rotary volume displacement (MOB) machine having a housing, working chambers and piston elements, characterized in that the housing The MOB is equipped with a portion of the spherical surface, piston elements are installed in the equatorial region of the spherical surface and are placed in the meridional working chambers located in the working body, which is paired with a portion of the spherical surface of the housing and installed with the possibility of spherical movement, determined by moving its geometric pole axis along the conditional biconical surfaces around the geometrical pole axis of the spherical surface portion of the housing, and the connection of the drive device to the MOB is made by articulating the drive link with the working body of the MOB.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the articulated connection of the drive link is made using a rigidly mounted oblique crank directed along the geometric axis of the working body MOB, and the hinges are placed in the pole regions of the working body, or in the region of the center of the spherical surface case, while the oblique crank is made in the form of a (inclined) washer with an axis directed along the geometric pole axis of the sections of the spherical surface of the case.