WO2007113928A1 - 回転炉床炉の炉床構造 - Google Patents
回転炉床炉の炉床構造 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007113928A1 WO2007113928A1 PCT/JP2006/318792 JP2006318792W WO2007113928A1 WO 2007113928 A1 WO2007113928 A1 WO 2007113928A1 JP 2006318792 W JP2006318792 W JP 2006318792W WO 2007113928 A1 WO2007113928 A1 WO 2007113928A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hearth
- refractory
- furnace
- laid
- rotary
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
- C21B13/105—Rotary hearth-type furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/32—Casings
- F27B9/34—Arrangements of linings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention mainly uses reduced iron (from raw materials such as iron ore and steelmaking waste)
- DRI which is related to the hearth structure of the rotary hearth furnace
- the present invention relates to a hearth structure of a rotary hearth furnace that can prevent contact between the hearth structure and the furnace wall caused by the thermal expansion of the refractory, and can realize a safe and smooth operation operation.
- a rotary hearth furnace is a facility that heats, sinters, and reduces raw materials to recover reduced iron with a high added value.
- the planar shape is an annular shape (donut shape).
- Trolley 20, iron plate 6 mounted on trolley 20, and hearth refractory It consists of refractory material 8, refractory material 13, hearth material 16, ceramic fiber blanket 27, etc. mounted on the upper surface of erection floor 7, and hearth refractory erection floor 7.
- a raw material 19 made of iron ore or dust, sludge, scale, or other ironmaking waste generated from a steel mill was placed and heated to a high temperature by a heating means such as a burner.
- a heating means such as a burner.
- reduced iron (DRI) is recovered from the raw material 19.
- the hearth structure composed of the hearth refractory building floor 7, refractory material 8, side blocks 9, 10 and refractory 13 is exposed to high temperatures together with the raw materials, so it is inevitable for the hearth structure.
- Thermal expansion occurs, which causes frequent contact between the furnace side walls 3 and 4 and the hearth structure rotating inside
- the facilities are damaged and the normal rotation of the cart is hindered. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a mechanism for absorbing thermal expansion in the hearth structure of the rotary hearth furnace in order to prevent damage to the equipment and contact with the furnace side wall.
- a gap (expansion allowance) 23 was provided between the refractories 13 laid between the side blocks 9 and 10 to absorb the thermal expansion of the refractories.
- a gap expansion allowance
- DRI rotary hearth furnace that collects DRI]
- a powder or lump hearth 16 is laid on the upper surface of the refractory 13, and the hearth 16
- the raw material 19 itself falls into the above-described thermal expansion absorption gap, resulting in a problem that the thermal expansion and absorption functions are lost.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-M 0564 discloses a ceramic fiber sheet or ceramic fiber braid in a gap provided as an expansion allowance to prevent the hearth material 16 and the like from falling into the gap. A method of filling the gasket is disclosed. Furthermore, in order to prevent the hearth material 16 and the raw material 19 from entering the gap 23, it is conceivable that a ceramic fiber blank 27 is laid on the lower surface of the hearth material 16.
- the ceramic fiber used as a filler is less than one, and the ceramic fiber blanket is subjected to strong compression due to the thermal expansion of the refractory in a high-temperature atmosphere in actual operation, thereby causing plastic deformation. After the operation is stopped, the refractory is cooled and the gap is formed, and the original state is not restored. Therefore, the hearth material 16 and DRI fall and accumulate in the gap created by it.
- the ceramic fiber blanket 27 laid on the lower surface of the above-mentioned hearth material 16 causes heat shrinkage and breaks by being crushed by the hearth material 16 and the raw material 19, and the hearth material 16 and the raw material 19 are fireproof. It was not possible to prevent falling for a long time in the expansion allowance.
- the ceramic fiber blanket 27 is damaged. There is a problem that the original thermal expansion and absorption function can be exhibited only for a short period of time.
- the space for thermal expansion absorption (expansion allowance) 23 cannot be substantially permanently secured during actual operation, so the original thermal expansion absorption function cannot be secured.
- the thermal expansion force of the refractory 1'3 pushes open the side blocks 9 and 10 on both sides, and the side block 9 built on the inner peripheral edge of the hearth refractory building floor 7 and Contact with the inner furnace side wall 3 Yes, or contact between the side block 10 built on the outer peripheral edge of the hearth refractory building floor 7 and the outer side furnace side wall 4 can be completely avoided There wasn't. That is, when the hearth material 16 is laid on the upper surface of the refractory 13, a gap expansion margin) 2 3 is provided between the refractory 13 laid between the side blocks 9 and 10.
- the conventional method of absorbing thermal expansion has structural limitations. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention does not provide a gap between refractories as in the prior art, and fills the gap with various refractories or refractory raw materials.
- Provide a new structural design method that can ensure expansion and absorption function, and prevent contact between the hearth structure and the furnace side wall due to thermal expansion of the refractory, thereby realizing safe and smooth operation operation. It is providing the hearth structure of the rotary hearth furnace which can be.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- Hearth structure of a rotary hearth furnace in which two or more layers of refractories are laid between the side blocks and powder or lump hearth material is laid on the upper surface, lay it on at least the uppermost layer.
- a hearth structure of a rotary hearth furnace characterized in that a refractory material having a compressive strength of 0.1 to 5 MPa at 800 to 1500 is used as the refractory to be fired.
- a refractory material having a compressive strength of 8 to 130 MPa at 800 to 1500 ° C is used for the side block.
- Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the outline of a rotary hearth furnace.
- Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional hearth refractory building structure.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the hearth refractory building structure of the rotary hearth furnace according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a method for fixing a side block of a rotary hearth furnace according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing shown. .
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a refractory laying method for a rotary hearth furnace according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a method for building a side block of a rotary hearth furnace according to the present invention.
- refractory materials having high compressive strength are used for the side blocks 9, 10 built at the inner and outer peripheral ends of the hearth refractory building floor 7.
- the surface layer refractory material 14 uses a refractory material having a low compressive strength.
- this kind of hearth structure makes contact between the side block 9 built on the inner peripheral edge of the hearth refractory building floor 7 and the inner side furnace side wall 3, or the construction of the hearth refractory Contact between the side block 10 built on the outer peripheral edge of the floor 7 and the outer peripheral furnace wall 4 can be reliably prevented.
- the thermal expansion force that compresses the side blocks 9 and 10 and compresses the surface refractory 14 is transmitted by direct contact with the surface refractory 14. In addition, it is transmitted through the hearth material 1 6 and DR I which fell into the joint between the surface refractory 14 and the surface refractory 14 There is.
- the compressive strength of the surface refractory 14 must be lower than the compressive strength of the hearth material 16 and DRI so as not to destroy the furnace floor material 16 and DM.
- the compressive strength of hearth material 16 and DRI used in the rotary hearth furnace is 5 to 8 MPa at 800 to 1500 ° C.
- the shrinkage strength of the surface refractory 14 must be 5 MPa or less at 800 to 1500 ° C.
- the compressive strength of the surface refractory 14 must be not less than 0. IMP a at 800 to 1500 ° C so as not to be crushed by the powdered or lump hearth material 16 laid on the upper surface.
- a common example of a refractory having such characteristics is 'insulating bricks' used in heating furnaces, etc., which are described in JISR 26 11 1-1992, A 1 to A 7, ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 7, C 1 to C 3 and the like. It should be noted that the compressive strength of heat-insulating bricks used in this type of heating furnace decreases with increasing temperature. '
- the lower refractory 15 laid on the lower surface of the surface refractory 14 is not particularly limited, and as with the surface refractory 14, even if a refractory material with a low compressive strength is used, a fixed refractory material with a high compressive strength. A structure with sufficient joints may be used. ⁇
- dredged potato material, magnesium oxide material, etc. are applied, but in particular, the oxidation has the effect of neutralizing when the raw material 19 is eluted. It is desirable to use a refractory material containing magnesium.
- the compressive strength of side blocks 9 and 10 is lower than that of hearth material 16 or DRI, the side block will be in competition with the hearth material 16 or DRI that is in contact. There is concern that side blocks will be damaged starting from cracks in parts 9 and 10. Therefore, the compressive strength of the side blocks 9 and 10 must be higher than the compressive strength of the hearth material 16 and DR.I so as not to be damaged by the hearth material 16 and DRI. On the other hand, having more strength than necessary is uneconomical. Therefore, the compressive strength of the side block is 8 to 130 MPa at 800 1500 ° C.
- a common example of a refractory having such characteristics is an amorphous refractory containing alumina used in the heating section of a heating furnace, which is described in JIS R 254-1976. The fourth grade (class4) or higher can be listed.
- the side blog is firmly supported on the hearth refractory building 7 using a solid and fixed tool such as anchor brick 11, etc., thereby further improving the thermal expansion absorption function of the refractory. be able to.
- the side blocks 9 and 10 are made of a refractory material having a compressive strength of 8 to 130 MPa at 800 to 1500 °, and the side block is heated by a fixture such as anchor brick 11 or the like.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a fixing method of the side block 9, in which the anchor brick support metal 12 is erected from the iron plate 6 and the anchor brick 11 is supported by the anchor brick support metal 12.
- the side blocks 9 and 10 to be built at the inner and outer edges of the hearth refractory building floor 7 should be constructed with multiple gaps 18 in the circumferential direction as shown in Figs. This is because the side block itself absorbs the expansion of the side block when it is exposed to high temperatures. This is to prevent mutual deformation and prevent deformation and damage of the hearth refractory building 7 that is firmly fixed. Further, a cover brick 25 covering the gap is provided on the upper surface of the gap 18, and a filler 17 such as a ceramic fiber blanket 27 is preferably put in the gap 18. This prevents the raw material 19 and the hearth material 16 from entering the gap 18 provided in the circumferential direction. Even if the hearth material is contained in the gap 18, it is crushed and pulverized by the side block as shown in Fig. 6, and the side block is opened from the gap 18 opened on the side block side. Since it is pushed out, the side block gap is maintained.
- Fig. 5 shows an example of the refractory laying method of the rotary hearth furnace 1 according to the present invention, schematically showing the lower refractory 15 indicated by the broken line and the upper surface indicated by the solid line.
- the surface refractory 14 joint and the lower refractory 15 joint be laid in a vertical direction.
- the same applies to the case where a refractory is further laid on the lower surface of the lower refractory 15, and the lower refractory 15 joint and the refractory joint laid on the lower surface are not connected in the vertical direction. It is desirable.
- at least the refractory joints installed in the uppermost layer do not penetrate to the lower refractory.15 or to the hearth refractory. The function can be maintained.
- the side blocks 9, 10 are made of a refractory material having high compressive strength and the surface layer laid between the side blocks. If refractory 14 has a compressive strength lower than that of hearth material 16 or DRI, and if the hearth material 16 falls at the joint between surface refractory 14 and surface refractory 14, etc. Even so, the surface refractory 14 itself is further compressed to absorb thermal expansion. To pay.
- Figs. 3 and 4 it is possible to further improve the thermal expansion absorption function of the refractory by forming the side block cross-sectional shape into a stepped-up shape. it can.
- the top-shrinking staircase it becomes easy to make the top and bottom refractories 14 and laying between the side blocks 9 and 10 phase up and down. It is easy to install so that the joints of the surface refractory 14 and the lower layer refractory 15 and the joints of the lower layer 15 are not connected in the vertical direction. Even if the hearth material 16 or the like falls, the fallen object does not fall at the joint between the lower refractory and the refractory, and the thermal expansion absorbing function can be reliably ensured.
- the shape of the side cross section of the side block is a stepped-up shape, so even if the hearth material 16 falls between the side block and the surface refractory 14, the falling object
- the thermal expansion absorbing function can be reliably ensured without stopping between the droop and the surface refractory 14 and falling below it.
- the iron plate 6 is mounted on the carriage 20 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, but in this embodiment, the carriage 20 and the iron plate 6 are not shown in the port and nut.
- the structure is designed to absorb the difference in thermal expansion of each.
- the anchor brick support metal 12 is erected on the upper surface of the iron plate 6.
- the iron plate 6 and the anchor brick support metal 12 are fixed by welding, and the other end of the anchor brick support metal 12 is fixed.
- An anchor brick 11 is connected to the section.
- the anchor brick supporting hardware 12 is erected at a pitch of about 300 to 600 mm in the circumferential direction of the steel plate 6.
- the hearth refractory building floor 7 is laid on the top surface of the iron plate 6 with the heat insulating pod and ⁇ thermal brick, which are heat insulating materials, and the inner and outer edges of the hearth refractory building floor 7 are improper.
- Side blocks 9 and 10 were constructed using a fixed refractory material, and the side blocks 9 and 10 were fixed to the hearth refractory construction floor 7 with the anchor brick 11.
- KVR manufactured by Kurosaki Harima Co., Ltd.
- a high alumina castable refractory having a compression strength of 80 to 90 MPa at 800 to 1500 ° C. -14R was used as an irregular refractory material used for the side block.
- refractory material 8 As shown in Fig. 3, refractory material 8, lower refractory material 15, and surface refractory material 14 are installed between side blocks 9 and 10 in order from the bottom, as refractory material 8 in this example.
- A5 (LBK-23) made by Isolite Kogyo Co., Ltd., which is a lightweight fireproof heat insulation brick, is used as the lower layer refractory 15 and the compression strength of 4 to 0.3 MPa at 800 to 1300 ° C as the surface refractory 14
- a 6 (LBK-26) made by Isolite Kogyo Co., Ltd., which is a lightweight refractory and heat-insulating brick with a glass, was used.
- the DR I equipment with the hearth structure is a problem of the prior art. There is no contact between the hearth structure and the furnace side walls 3 and 4 due to the thermal expansion of the refractory, and safe and smooth operation is continuously performed.
- the hearth structure of the rotary hearth furnace 1 is provided with a space between the refractories 13 to be constructed as in the past and filled with various refractories or refractory raw materials in the gaps.
- the refractory to be built itself that is, the refractory by compressing the side blocks 9 and 10 and the refractories 14 and 15 etc. built on the upper surface of the hearth refractory construction floor 7 Therefore, the thermal expansion absorption function is not lost by the hearth 16 'or DR I that has fallen into the gap provided for thermal expansion absorption as in the past.
- the hearth structure of the rotary hearth furnace 1 can ensure the essential thermal expansion absorption function for the hearth structure, and is generated due to the thermal expansion of the refractory. It is possible to completely prevent the contact between the hearth structure and the side wall of the furnace and to realize safe and smooth operation.
- the hearth structure of the rotary hearth furnace according to the present invention is operated by a method in which gaps are provided between refractories 13 that are constructed in the conventional manner, and various refractories or refractory materials are laid in the gaps.
- the structure of the refractory to be built itself absorbs the thermal expansion, so the hearth materials 16 and DM laid on the upper surface of the refractory 1 3 fall into the gap.
- the thermal expansion absorbing function essential to the hearth structure can be reliably ensured. It is possible to completely prevent the contact between the hearth structure and the furnace side wall generated due to the above, and safe and smooth operation operation can be realized. '-This contributes to the long-term stable operation of the rotary hearth furnace, and in turn to the environmental recycling of steelmaking waste, which has become increasingly necessary from the viewpoint of environmental conservation in recent years. Because it is possible to stably recover high-value-added reduced iron from steelmaking waste, its environmental impact and economic effect are extremely large.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020087024306A KR101093786B1 (ko) | 2006-04-03 | 2006-09-15 | 회전노상로의 노 바닥 구조 |
EP06798231A EP2006624B1 (en) | 2006-04-03 | 2006-09-15 | Hearth structure of rotary hearth furnace |
US12/226,018 US8057736B2 (en) | 2006-04-03 | 2006-09-15 | Hearth structure of rotary furnace hearth |
CN2006800545740A CN101438118B (zh) | 2006-04-03 | 2006-09-15 | 回转炉床炉的炉床结构 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006-101405 | 2006-04-03 | ||
JP2006101405A JP4312773B2 (ja) | 2005-04-05 | 2006-04-03 | 回転炉床炉 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007113928A1 true WO2007113928A1 (ja) | 2007-10-11 |
Family
ID=38563201
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/318792 WO2007113928A1 (ja) | 2006-04-03 | 2006-09-15 | 回転炉床炉の炉床構造 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8057736B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2006624B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101093786B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101438118B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007113928A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9080813B1 (en) | 2010-04-12 | 2015-07-14 | George J. Deckebach | Adjusting rotational speeds of rotary kilns to increase solid/gas interaction |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001254114A (ja) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-18 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 回転床炉 |
JP2001324274A (ja) * | 2000-05-17 | 2001-11-22 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 鋼材ビレットの回転炉床式加熱炉 |
JP2002310564A (ja) | 2001-04-06 | 2002-10-23 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 回転炉床炉の炉床構造 |
JP2003185348A (ja) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-07-03 | Nippon Steel Corp | 回転床炉のコーナー部煉瓦保持構造 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4083752A (en) * | 1976-11-10 | 1978-04-11 | Monsanto Company | Rotary retort |
US4597564A (en) * | 1985-05-23 | 1986-07-01 | The International Metals Reclamation Company, Inc. | Rotary hearth |
ATE62710T1 (de) * | 1987-07-16 | 1991-05-15 | Sigri Gmbh | Hochofengestell. |
US5695329A (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 1997-12-09 | Orcutt; Jeffrey W. | Rotary kiln construction with improved insulation means |
CN1225630C (zh) * | 2000-04-27 | 2005-11-02 | 尹兴伊 | 一种保温砖和耐火砖及砌筑回转窑的方法 |
JP2002350065A (ja) * | 2001-05-25 | 2002-12-04 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 回転炉床炉の炉床構造 |
-
2006
- 2006-09-15 CN CN2006800545740A patent/CN101438118B/zh active Active
- 2006-09-15 US US12/226,018 patent/US8057736B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-15 EP EP06798231A patent/EP2006624B1/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-09-15 KR KR1020087024306A patent/KR101093786B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-09-15 WO PCT/JP2006/318792 patent/WO2007113928A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001254114A (ja) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-18 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 回転床炉 |
JP2001324274A (ja) * | 2000-05-17 | 2001-11-22 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 鋼材ビレットの回転炉床式加熱炉 |
JP2002310564A (ja) | 2001-04-06 | 2002-10-23 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 回転炉床炉の炉床構造 |
JP2003185348A (ja) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-07-03 | Nippon Steel Corp | 回転床炉のコーナー部煉瓦保持構造 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP2006624A4 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2006624A2 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
CN101438118B (zh) | 2011-09-28 |
US8057736B2 (en) | 2011-11-15 |
EP2006624A9 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
EP2006624A4 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
KR101093786B1 (ko) | 2011-12-19 |
KR20080109817A (ko) | 2008-12-17 |
EP2006624B1 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
US20090127754A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
CN101438118A (zh) | 2009-05-20 |
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