WO2007079979A2 - Manche pour transferer un couple de torsion ou un effort de pression - Google Patents

Manche pour transferer un couple de torsion ou un effort de pression Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007079979A2
WO2007079979A2 PCT/EP2006/012600 EP2006012600W WO2007079979A2 WO 2007079979 A2 WO2007079979 A2 WO 2007079979A2 EP 2006012600 W EP2006012600 W EP 2006012600W WO 2007079979 A2 WO2007079979 A2 WO 2007079979A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cross
handle
sectional area
elastic plastic
plastic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/012600
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007079979A3 (fr
Inventor
Horst Holland-Letz
Original Assignee
Felo-Werkzeugfabrik Holland-Letz Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200620015466 external-priority patent/DE202006015466U1/de
Application filed by Felo-Werkzeugfabrik Holland-Letz Gmbh filed Critical Felo-Werkzeugfabrik Holland-Letz Gmbh
Publication of WO2007079979A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007079979A2/fr
Publication of WO2007079979A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007079979A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1642—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles having a "sandwich" structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
    • B25G1/00—Handle constructions
    • B25G1/10—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape
    • B25G1/105—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape for screwdrivers, wrenches or spanners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1657—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles using means for adhering or bonding the layers or parts to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1676—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles using a soft material and a rigid material, e.g. making articles with a sealing part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1615—The materials being injected at different moulding stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1642—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles having a "sandwich" structure
    • B29C45/1645—Injecting skin and core materials from the same injection cylinder, e.g. mono-sandwich moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/28—Tools, e.g. cutlery
    • B29L2031/283—Hand tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/46—Knobs or handles, push-buttons, grips
    • B29L2031/463—Grips, handles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a handle for a tool, in particular for hand screw or garden tools and for trowels, pliers and saws, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a first development of a handle made of hard plastic for screwdrivers has been proposed to improve the feel in US-PS 28 71 899. Accordingly, a prefabricated handle shell made of soft plastic is mounted on a handle core. Grip core and gripping jacket are positively connected to one another via profiles in order to transmit a torque in the circumferential direction. The use of soft plastic improves the grip of the handle.
  • the tool is anchored in a handle core made of hard plastic and this handle core is overmolded with a handle shell made of soft plastic (cf., for example, EP 0 627 974 B1).
  • the handle shell made of soft plastic has a certain elasticity and gives a more pleasant grip than a handle, which is made only of hard plastic.
  • Such "2-component grips" are also offered on the market for various other tools as screwdrivers, for example for trowels, pliers, saws, garden tools. Since the soft plastic also u. U. has a higher coefficient of friction than hard plastic, can be transmitted with such a "2-component handle higher torques than with a handle of the same size of hard plastic.” This is important for handles for screwdrivers, screw clamps, etc.
  • the handle shell made of soft plastic only has a thickness of about 1, 5 to 3 mm, it is therefore only to a lesser extent compliant.
  • the handles are standardized in certain sizes and shapes, while the hands of the users have different sizes and proportions. Therefore, optimal ergonomics is not given.
  • thermoplastic elastomers used on handles contain plasticizers, for example, paraffin oil or phthalates, which are used for "external” softening. They tend to diffuse into adjacent polymer layers, gradually changing their hardness. When they reach the handle surface, a sticky film of plasticizer forms there, which reduces the friction between the hand and the handle surface.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide a handle under consideration of manufacturing capabilities and mechanical properties, which not only has an ergonomically well-trained, but solid shape, but in which the good ergonomic shape and feel through an adjustment possibility of the handle is added to the hand of a user. Furthermore, it is desirable to carry out the handle so that he durable and yet inexpensive to manufacture and chemical and mechanical loads withstands.
  • a handle for tools in the radial direction constructed of substantially three cross-sectional areas with different stiffness, namely a first cross-sectional area, the core handle of hard plastic having a first stiffness, a third cross-sectional area, the surface layer of elastic plastic with a third stiffness and between first and third cross-sectional area lying second cross-sectional area made of soft elastic plastic with a second stiffness
  • the invention provides that the second stiffness is less than the third stiffness and the dimensioning of the areas and their rigidity are such that when the grip by the force a hand is a spatial deformation of the second and third cross-sectional area.
  • This three-layer arrangement gives the handle a very good feel and at the same time it adapts to a hand embracing it due to the differently flexible design of the second cross-sectional area and the third cross-sectional area.
  • Fig. 2 shows this handle in cross section.
  • 3 1 shows the handle, produced according to a second production method, in longitudinal section,
  • FIG. 6 ' shows a section in the longitudinal direction through the design of FIG. 5'.
  • Fig. T shows a section through the design of Fig. 6 'along the axis U-II
  • the handle 1 has in the radial direction essentially three grip areas or cross-sectional areas 2, 5a and 5b with different rigidity.
  • the handle core 3 made of hard plastic, ie the first cross-sectional area 3, in which the tool is anchored, a second cross-sectional area 5b made of a soft elastic plastic and a third cross-sectional area 5a designated as a surface layer made of an elastic plastic.
  • the first cross-sectional area 3 has a first rigidity
  • the second cross-sectional area 5b has a second rigidity
  • the third cross-sectional area 5a has a third rigidity.
  • the areas 5a and 5b together have a greater thickness than a sheath made of soft plastic in known handle designs.
  • the second cross-sectional area 5b is constructed so that directly adjoins the handle core 3, a layer of soft elastic plastic, which has the same strength or hardness in a particular extension, as the surface layer 5a of the handle.
  • the soft elastic plastic In the second cross-sectional area 5b, the soft elastic plastic has a porous or closed structure.
  • the elastic plastic In the third cross-sectional area 5a, the elastic plastic preferably has a closed structure.
  • the second and third cross-sectional areas 5a, 5b are preferably materially connected to one another and to the handle core 3. In addition - or alone - the connection with the handle core 3 is also form-fitting manner by notches in the handle core 3 or at this radially set ribs or a non-circular cross-section of the handle core 3 is formed.
  • the cross-sectional area 5a forms a bubble-like arrangement which bears against the cross-sectional area 3 and in which the cross-sectional area area 5b is included.
  • the subsequent to the handle core 3 layer 5a has a closed structure in this case.
  • a means for generating and / or maintaining the rigidity of the second cross-sectional area and / or the third cross-sectional area in and / or on the plastic of the second cross-sectional area and / or the third cross-sectional area is fixed.
  • this is an unsaturated molecular unit, the term unsaturated molecular unit being an entity which has at least one double bond or multiple bond or which has arisen from a double or multiple bond-containing precursor compound.
  • the unsaturated molecular unit is part of or chemically bonded to the soft elastic plastic and / or elastic plastic.
  • a soft elastic plastic for the cross-sectional area 5b and / or a suitable elastic plastic for the cross-sectional area 5a comprises at least one elastomer having at least one unsaturated molecular unit, for example of the isoprene and / or butadiene type.
  • This molecular unit, which is fixed to the plastic at or in the cross-sectional area 5b, is a means with which the rigidity of these plastics can be adjusted by cross-linking even in the absence of plasticizers.
  • elastomers are selected from the group of rubbers such as natural rubber (NR), silicone rubber, acrylate rubber (ACM), chlorobutadiene rubber (CR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR ), Isobutylene-isoprene rubber (MR), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPN), and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) and polyurethane elastomers.
  • NR natural rubber
  • silicone rubber acrylate rubber
  • ACM chlorobutadiene rubber
  • SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
  • NBR acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber
  • MR Isobutylene-isoprene rubber
  • EPN ethylene-propylene rubber
  • EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene rubber
  • the unsaturated molecular unit according to the invention is chemically bonded to or part of the soft elastic plastic and / or the elastic plastic, the elastic plastic or the soft elastic plastic being a thermoplastic elastomer, for example a thermoplastic copolymeric or block copolymeric elastomer ,
  • the elastic plastic or the soft elastic plastic being a thermoplastic elastomer, for example a thermoplastic copolymeric or block copolymeric elastomer
  • This comprises at least one molecular member selected from the group consisting of polystyrene elastomers (TPE-S), polyether esters (TPE-E), polyurethanes (TPE-U) and polyamides (TPE-A).
  • the polystyrene elastomers preferably contain the block copolymers styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) and styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene (SEPS).
  • SBS block copolymers styrene-butadiene-styrene
  • SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene
  • SEBS styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene
  • SEPS styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene
  • TPE E include copolymers and block copolymers of polymeric ethers and polymeric esters.
  • the polyurethanes (TPE-U) include block copolymers of the polyester-polyurethane type, of the polyether-polyurethane type or of the polyester-polyether-polyurethane type.
  • Representatives of the group polyamides (TPE-A) are preferably selected from the block copolymers polyester-polyamide, polyether-polyamide and polyester-polyether-polyamide.
  • the unsaturated molecular unit is chemically bonded to or part of the soft elastic plastic or elastic plastic.
  • This plastic comprises at least one unsaturated molecular unit elastomer of the above-mentioned group and a thermoplastic polymer brought together to form an elastomeric alloy.
  • a thermoplastic polymer brought together to form an elastomeric alloy.
  • soft polymers are enclosed by a hard polymer matrix.
  • Elastomeric alloys according to the invention are selected from at least one of the groups uncrosslinked thermoplastic polyolefins (TPE-O) and partially crosslinked thermoplastic polyolefins (TPE-V).
  • Non-crosslinked thermoplastic polyolefins contain at least one of the alloys isobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR) / polypropylene, haloisobutylene-isoprene rubber (XI! R) / polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) / polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) / polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • IIR isobutylene-isoprene rubber
  • XI! R haloisobutylene-isoprene rubber
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
  • NBR acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber
  • thermoplastic polyolefin is preferably selected from the group of rubber (thermoplastically processable rubber (TPNR)) alloyed with polypropylene (PP) and / or polyethylene (PE) and / or polyacrylonitrile and / or ABS and / or polycarbonate and or PVC and / or polyvinylidene dichloride (PVDC), or acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) alloyed with polypropylene.
  • TPNR thermoplastically processable rubber
  • PE polypropylene
  • PE polyethylene
  • PVDC polyvinylidene dichloride
  • NBR acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber
  • the means for creating and / or maintaining the rigidity of the second cross-sectional area (5b) and / or the third cross-sectional area (5a) is an unsaturated molecular unit which is part of the or chemical binding partner of the soft elastic plastic and / or the elastic plastic, wherein the plastic is a graft polymer.
  • a graft polymer is understood as meaning a polymer with multiple bonds, for example an elastomer (see above), to which a thermoplastic has been condensed within the polymer chain (and not at the terminal regions). This creates a net-like elastic structure.
  • At least one suitable thermoplastic for graft polymers is selected from the group comprising polyolefins, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene-polypropylene copolymers, polyethylene Norbornene copolymer, isoprene-isobutylene copolymer (II), longer-chain polyolefins such as polybutenes or polymethylpentenes, polyvinyl polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) 1 polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) 1 polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene Vinyl acetate copolymers (EVAC), polystyrenes such as polystyrene (PS), styrene-butadiene copolymer (SB), styrene-acrylonitrile copoly
  • All compounds containing the unsaturated molecular unit described above are adsorbed or immobilized in one embodiment on the soft elastic plastic or on the elastic plastic.
  • the soft elastic plastic of the cross-sectional area 5b preferably has hardnesses of 10 to 55 Shore A, preferably 15 to 30 Shore A and in a particularly preferred embodiment 15 to 25 Shore A.
  • the hardness of the soft elastic plastic is at least 20 Shore A smaller than the hardness of the elastic plastic of the cross-sectional area 5a.
  • This has hardnesses of 20 to 85 Shore A, preferably from 30 to 65 Shore A and in a particularly advanced construction of 40 to 55 Shore A.
  • a non-illustrated separation layer is provided between the cross-sectional area 5b and the cross-sectional area 5a.
  • This release layer is impermeable to plasticizers of various kinds and prevents them, provided they are present in the cross-sectional area 5b are to diffuse into the cross-sectional area 5a and finally exit on the surface thereof.
  • plasticizers bound to the plastic are provided in an amount which is insufficient to produce the rigidity or are entirely absent. If a separating layer is missing between the cross-sectional areas 5a and 5b, plasticizers are at least partially adsorbed to the cross-sectional areas 5a, 5b and therefore not very mobile. They are therefore hardly subject to diffusion. This is completely excluded if the plasticizers are immobilized on the cross-sectional areas 5a, 5b.
  • plasticizers are provided at all in the soft elastic plastic or in the elastic plastic, they comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) olive oil, phthalic acid ester, an alkyl sulfonic acid ester of phenol (ASE), chloroparaphins, trimellitates, aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters, polyesters, phosphoric acid esters , Fatty acid esters,
  • DEHP diethylhexyl phthalate
  • ASE alkyl sulfonic acid ester of phenol
  • chloroparaphins trimellitates
  • aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters polyesters
  • phosphoric acid esters Fatty acid esters
  • Hydroxycarboxylic acid esters epoxides and sulfoxides / sulfones, larch resin, castor oil, paraffin oil, diisononyl phthalate (DINP).
  • the handles are made in a preferred sandwich-type manufacturing process in which the cross-sectional area 5b and cross-sectional area 5a are formed in an injection molding step by sequentially injecting the selected plastics into the mold cavity.
  • a thin layer of the plastic material forms, from which the cross-sectional area 5a also exists. This is referred to in this embodiment as a handle core sheath because it is inflated by injecting the polymer for the cross-sectional area 5b in the not yet cooled cross-sectional area 5a as a balloon and partially applies to the handle core 3.
  • a plastic injection molding machine is equipped with two plasticizing or injection units, each of which melts different plastics.
  • the two plastics are injected into a mold directly consecutively through the same or - in the case of a majority - the same injection openings in a mold.
  • the mass injected first the volume of which fills a part of the mold cavity, does not yet cool and solidify in the interior.
  • the subsequently injected mass flows in the inside of the first injected still liquid mass, because here the lowest flow resistance is given.
  • the mass injected first is displaced spatially outward and settles as a layer on the wall of the mold cavity and a possibly inserted into the mold core of a hard material.
  • the layer forming on the wall of the cavity is the outer layer of the finished injection-molded part consisting of the elastic plastic, while the second injected mass forms the inner layer.
  • the sum of the injected volumes corresponds to the volume of the mold cavity.
  • the metered quantities of the individual plastics determine the thicknesses of the layers which are formed by the mass injected first and then.
  • the distribution in the cavity or in the finished part is further influenced by the viscosity of the injected masses, the injection pressure and the injection speed. The viscosity in turn also depends on the temperature of the melt, wherein the optimum melt temperature may be different for different plastics or plastics of different hardness.
  • the melt of a plastic to form the outer layer first from a first plasticizing and tip unit via a controlled by the machine control 3-way valve in an intermediate plate between the mold and injection units promoted from the front into the second injection unit and fills the front area of the injection cylinder there.
  • this cylinder lies behind the plasticized by this plasticizing and injection other plastic, which is to form the inner layer.
  • the disadvantage here is that the injection parameters can not be controlled individually for the different plastics and therefore the layer formation and distribution of the plastics in the injection molded part can not be accurately influenced.
  • the operation is controlled so that the two plasticizing and injection units inject one after the other directly into the mold via the valve, the time interval normally being very short and determined only by the time of switching the valve, a fraction of seconds.
  • the mass flow is not adversely affected but can be controlled optimally for the various plastics individually by the machine control and thus the layer structure in the injection molded part.
  • the interval time can however through the Control can also be extended if a special construction of the part is to be achieved.
  • the cross-sectional area 5b is applied in a first mold to the handle core 3 in a first injection molding step and the cross-sectional area 5a, referred to as the outer layer, is applied to the inner layer 5b in a second injection molding step in a second mold sprayed. This process does not produce a handle core sheath.
  • color pigments and / or light protection waxes are provided in an extension in the handle.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of a Shore A hardness EPDM 25 and as elastic plastic, a Shore A hardness 55 polyurethane is used.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic of SEBS Shore A hardness 10 is used as elastic plastic a polypropylene of Shore A hardness 30 is used.
  • a handle with soft SEPS elastic Shore A hardness 15 and a Shore A hardness 40 polyethylene as the elastic 4th example:
  • a handle the soft elastic plastic made of NBR Shore A hardness 30 and is used as elastic plastic PVC Shore A hardness 65.
  • the soft TPNR elastic material is Shore A hardness 55 and is used as Shore A hardness 85 elastic PC.
  • a handle the soft elastic plastic made of EVA Shore A hardness 30 and is used as elastic plastic polyamide of Shore A hardness 65.
  • the soft elastic plastic is made of acrylate rubber of Shore A hardness 20 and is used as elastic plastic PET of Shore A hardness 50.
  • the soft elastic plastic is made of Shore A hardness 15 silicone rubber and is used as Shore A hardness 45 elastic PBT.
  • a handle the soft TPNR elastic material of Shore A hardness 30 and is used as the elastic plastic polyacrylonitrile Shore A hardness 65.
  • a handle the soft elastic TPNR material of Shore A hardness 30 and is used as elastic plastic TPN R / polyamide Shore A hardness 50.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of polyester-polyether-polyamide block copolymer of Shore A hardness 10 and used as elastic plastic polyamide of Shore A hardness 80. 12.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of acrylate rubber of Shore A hardness 20 and is used as elastic plastic TPNR / PC of Shore A hardness 50.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of iso-butylene-isoprene rubber of Shore A hardness 25 and is used as elastic plastic polyamide of Shore A hardness 70.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of styrene-butadiene rubber of Shore A hardness 30 and used as elastic plastic TPNR / PP of Shore A hardness 65.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of styrene-butadiene rubber of Shore A hardness 10 and is used as the elastic plastic Shore A hardness 35 polyacrylate.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic made of EVA with plasticizer of Shore A hardness 20, as a diffusion barrier layer, a film made of Teflon is used and is used for as flexible plastic PP Shore A hardness 45.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of polyester-polyether block copolymers with Shore A hardness 30 plasticizer, cavities are incorporated into the handle and used as the Shore A hardness 50 elastic plastic PP. Subsequently, the cavities are filled with activated carbon.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of polyester-polyurethane block copolymers with Shore A hardness 15 plasticizer, cavities are incorporated into the handle and used as Shore A hardness 35 elastic PE plastic. Subsequently, the cavities are filled with cork.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic consists of polyether-polyurethane block copolymers with plasticizer of Shore A hardness 15, in the handle cavities are introduced and used as elastic plastic polyacrylonitrile Shore A hardness 35. Subsequently, the cavities are filled with zeolite A.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is a blend of EPDM / PP with Shore A Hardness 30 plasticizer with 5% activated carbon and is used as Shore A Hardness 50 elastic polyurethane.
  • the soft elastic plastic consists of a mixture of NBR / PVC with Shore A hardness 15 plasticizer with 5% cork and is used as Shore A hardness 40 elastic plastic PP.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is comprised of a blend of NBR / polyamide with Shore A hardness 15 plasticizer with 5% zeolite A and is used as Shore A hardness 40 elastic polyamide plastic.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic consists of a blend of polyester-polyamide block copolymer with Shore A hardness 20 softener with a 5% addition of a mixture of activated carbon and toluene and uses Shore A hardness 60 elastic plastic becomes.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of a blend of polyester-polyamide block copolymer with Shore A hardness 20 softener with a 5% Addition of a mixture of zeolite A with toluene and is used as elastic plastic PBT Shore A hardness 60.
  • the soft elastic plastic is made of EPDM / Polyurethen the Shore A hardness 20 and is used as elastic plastic EPDM / polyurethane Shore A hardness 60, wherein the thermoplastic polyurethane is present in the product as a concentration gradient.
  • EPDM / Polyurethane Shore A hardness 60 wherein the thermoplastic polyurethane is present in the product as a concentration gradient.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic made of EPDM / Polyurethen the Shore A hardness 10 and is used as SEBS / PP elastic material of Shore A hardness 55, wherein a concentration gradient of SEBS / PP in the product is present.
  • This is achieved by connecting two injection-molded cylinders through a mixing nozzle. With different injection speeds of the plastic, the composition of the resulting plastic can be controlled so that it comes in the layer to a continuous Shore A hardness distribution, outside the highest hardness occurs.
  • the soft elastic plastic is made of NBR / polyamide of Shore A hardness 10 and used as elastic plastic NBR / polyamide of Shore A hardness 55, wherein a concentration gradient of polyamide is present in the product.
  • NBR / polyamide of Shore A hardness 10 and used as elastic plastic NBR / polyamide of Shore A hardness 55, wherein a concentration gradient of polyamide is present in the product.
  • a handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of isobutylene-isoprene rubber / PP of Shore A hardness 10 and as elastic plastic isobutylene- Isoprene rubber / PP Shore A hardness 55 is used, with a
  • Concentration gradient of PP is present in the product. This is achieved by the
  • the soft elastic plastic is made of TPNR / polyamide Shore A hardness 10 and is used as the elastic plastic TPNR / polyamide Shore A hardness 55, wherein a concentration gradient of polyamide is present in the product.
  • TPNR / polyamide Shore A hardness 10 is used as the elastic plastic TPNR / polyamide Shore A hardness 55, wherein a concentration gradient of polyamide is present in the product.
  • the invention relates to a handle for transmitting a Torsionsmomentes or a compressive force, in particular for a tool, device or a vehicle driver.
  • PCT / EP 2006/006045 and PCT / EP 2006/006092 of the applicant are elastically resilient handles that can deform under the action of the force of a hand spanning the hand in cross section of substantially three partial cross-sectional areas, namely
  • a handle core made of a hard material, a radially adjoining inner layer of soft plastic having a second hardness of 10 to 65 Shore A connected to the handle core and a radially adjoining outer layer of soft plastic connected to the inner layer having a first Hardness of 30 to 60 Shore A,
  • the plastics of the inner and outer layers are combined so that the hardness of the plastic used for the inner layer is less than the hardness of the plastic used for the outer layer.
  • Most commercially available thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) in the stated hardness ranges contain types of plasticizers, for example paraffin oil or phthalates, which are used for "external" softening and tend to migrate to adjacent materials.
  • the proportion of plasticizer in a plastic is higher, the lower its hardness. Since the hardness of the inner layer in the described handles is lower than that of the outer layer, there is a difference in plasticizer content from the inner layer to the outer layer.
  • plasticizer migrates from the inner layer into the outer layer, so that its hardness gradually decreases and forms on the surface of the handle a film of plasticizer.
  • a film of plasticizer is undesirable because it reduces the friction between the hand and grip surface; Good friction is required to transmit torque.
  • plasticizing agents are available in a wide range and very soft setting, they are unsuitable for the manufacture of such handles.
  • plasticizer is chemically incorporated into the molecular chain or is cross-linked, where there is an "internal" plasticization and therefore the plasticizer only to a low degree for migration
  • plasticizer for example EPDM + PP-X (crosslinked), (ethylene / propylene terpolymer 1 polypropylene), PBBS + PP (styrene / butylene styrene + polypropylene) or polyester plasticizers are used.
  • plastics which contain very little plasticizer, such as NR + PP-X, (crosslinked), based on natural rubber, or plasticizer-free TPU, low-hardness thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • the handles are made in a first manufacturing process in a sandwich process in which the inner and outer layers are formed in an injection molding step by successive injection of the various plastics into the mold cavity. This forms around the handle core around a thin layer of the same plastic, which also consists of the outer layer. This layer is referred to as a handle core sheath.
  • the inner layer is sprayed onto the handle core in a first mold in a first injection molding step and the outer layer is sprayed in a second mold onto the inner layer in a second injection molding step. This process does not produce a handle core sheath. With both handles it is important that if possible no migration of the plasticizer from the inner layer takes place in the adjacent layer or such a migration takes place only to a small extent.
  • the invention relates to a handle for a tool, especially for hand screw or garden tools, with optimized ergonomic properties.
  • a first further development of a handle made of hard plastic for screwdrivers has been proposed to improve the feel in US-PS 28 71 899. Accordingly, a prefabricated handle shell made of soft plastic is mounted on a handle core. Griffkem and handle shell are connected to transmit torque in the circumferential direction positively via profiles with each other. The use of soft plastic improves the grip of the handle. In a practical trial of the known handle, however, has shown that the soft grip coat stands out from the hard grip core under heavy loads and can form wrinkles. This "walking" called lifting of the grip of the handle core leads, especially with continuous use of the known handle to a painful blistering in the area of the user's palm and inflammation causing excessive stress on the hand bone.
  • the tool is anchored in a handle core made of hard plastic and this handle core is overmolded with a handle shell made of soft plastic (cf., for example, EP 0 627 974 B1).
  • the handle shell made of soft plastic has a certain elasticity and gives a more pleasant grip than a handle, which is made only of hard plastic.
  • Such "2-component grips" are also offered on the market for various other tools as screwdrivers, for example for trowels, pliers, saws, garden tools. Since the soft plastic also u. U. has a higher coefficient of friction than hard plastic can with such "2-component handle higher torques are transmitted than with a handle of equal size made of hard plastic. This is of importance for handles for screwdrivers, screw clamps, etc.
  • the handle shell made of soft plastic only has a thickness of about 1, 5 to 3 mm, it is therefore only to a lesser extent compliant.
  • the handles are standardized in certain sizes and shapes, while the hands of the users have different sizes and proportions. Therefore, optimal ergonomics is not given.
  • the invention has for its object to propose, taking into account the manufacturing capabilities and mechanical properties of a handle that has not only an ergonomically well-trained, but solid shape, as in the prior art, but in which the good ergonomic shape and feel through a Adjustment possibility of the handle is added to the hand of a user.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved by a handle according to the features of the embodiment 1. Further embodiments of the handle arise according to the features of the embodiments 2 to 23.
  • the invention is based on the finding that in a design of a handle according to the initially cited prior art, a conflict of objectives is to be solved.
  • the grip body has in the radial direction substantially three grip areas or cross-sectional areas with different rigidity according to the following description: A second and third cross-sectional area are around the core handle made of hard plastic, the first cross-sectional area in which the tool is anchored formed elastic plastic, which together have a greater thickness than the sheath made of soft plastic in the known Griffaus Installationen.
  • the second and third cross-sectional area is constructed so that directly adjoins the core handle, a layer of elastic plastic, which has the same strength or hardness, as the surface layer of the handle. This is defined as the third cross-sectional area.
  • the second cross-sectional area which is formed of soft plastic with a hardness which is less than the hardness of the plastic of the third cross-sectional area.
  • the plastic In the second cross-sectional area, the plastic may have a porous or closed structure.
  • the plastic In the third cross-sectional area, the plastic preferably has a closed structure.
  • the first cross-sectional area has a first stiffness
  • the second cross-sectional area has a second stiffness
  • the third cross-sectional area has a third stiffness.
  • the second and third cross-sectional areas are interconnected
  • connection with the core handle can also be positively formed by notches in the core handle or on this radially set ribs or a non-circular cross sections of the core handle.
  • the layer adjoining the core grip has a closed structure.
  • thermoplastic elastomers are preferably used - plastics such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO), polypropylene, EPDM rubber, styrene block copolymers.
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • TPO thermoplastic polyolefins
  • polypropylene polypropylene
  • EPDM rubber polypropylene
  • styrene block copolymers styrene block copolymers.
  • the different stiffness of the cross-sectional areas is achieved mainly by using plastics with different hardness.
  • plastics with different hardness By adding a propellant in the plastic of the second cross-sectional area a porous structure and thus a lower rigidity can be generated.
  • a very soft plastic with a hardness of 10 to 55 Shore A is used for the third grip area plastic having a hardness of 30 to 105 Schore A, in particular from 40 to 85 Shore A.
  • the plastic may have a higher initial hardness
  • the manufacture of the handle is carried out so that first of the core handle is made in a first Spritzgiessforrn, whereby the shank of the tool is poured.
  • the second and third cross-sectional areas are sprayed onto the core handle inserted into the mold, specifically in the mono or interval sandwich method.
  • first the plastic compound forming the third cross-sectional area is injected into the mold and immediately thereafter the plastic mass forming the second cross-sectional area. This displaces the first injected still liquid mass to the wall of the mold cavity or to the wall of the core handle, whereby the third cross-sectional area is formed becomes. Through this procedure, it is achieved that forms a dense layer on the surface of the handle.
  • the thickness of this layer can be controlled by the process sequence, for example the metered quantities of one or the other injected plastic or the parameters of the injection molding process.
  • the thickness of the layer is in any case adjusted so that the radial deformability of the second and third cross-sectional area is not diminished when a force acting on the hand enclosing the handle while working, on the other hand a good transmission of an introduced torque is ensured, as for example Using such a handle is required for a screwdriver. It has been found that a layer thickness of approximately 0.6 to 2.5 mm is expedient, wherein the thickness can vary over the surface.
  • the higher hardness of the plastic used for the surface layer or the third cross-sectional area also has the advantage that on the use of the handle foreign particles, such as metal chips, do not get stuck and can cause injury to the hand.
  • the higher hardness also gives a more pleasant haptic feel than the surface of a very soft plastic.
  • a quality or type of plastic can be used, which has a sufficient for the application resistance to chemicals, fats and oils.
  • Such resistance have the very soft plastic types used for the second cross-sectional area usually not, or a corresponding equipment makes the plastic more expensive, so that it is expedient for cost reasons, only for the surface layer to use a plastic with appropriate resistance.
  • a resistant plastic can also be used for the second cross-sectional area.
  • a further advantage is that in the manufacturing process on the surface of the core handle, a layer of plastic with the higher hardness, from which the surface layer is formed forms, and on this layer a rotational torque or other forces better from the surface of the handle in the Core handle can be initiated, as if the soft plastic of the second cross-sectional area would connect directly to the core handle.
  • the transmissibility of a torque can be provided, in particular with handles for screwdriver, the ribs radially attached to the Kemgriff on the described layer of plastic higher hardness continue to protrude so that they protrude into the second cross-sectional area of soft plastic, but only so far that the radial deformability is not impaired.
  • the pairing of the plastics used for the second and third cross-sectional area in hardness and type or type, is chosen so that they enter into a good material connection with each other and with the core handle, on the other hand, the desired deformability is ensured.
  • the second and third cross-sectional areas are made as a self-contained molded part that is the same Structure has, as previously described.
  • a central, longitudinally extending cavity is formed by a mold core having a non-circular cross-section, for example, a hexagonal cross-section or a round cross-section with molded, running in the longitudinal direction pockets.
  • a layer of plastic of higher hardness around the mandrel is Formed around the mandrel, as in the method described above, is a layer of plastic of higher hardness around the mandrel.
  • the core handle has the same cross section, ie either a hexagonal cross section or a round cross section with radially mounted webs, which engage in the pockets in the second or third cross sectional area.
  • the snap connection consists of an annular groove formed in the core grip into which the grip part, consisting of grip area 2 and 3, engages with an annular bead. Since the handle part is made of elastic plastic, it can yield during demolding so that the annular bead lifts out of a corresponding recess in the cavity forming the cavity. Likewise, it can yield to the core handle when sliding on until the snap-in connection engages.
  • the snap connection may also be formed in other ways or an axial security of another kind may be provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a handle according to the invention, with a cap forming the spherical end of the handle, which is formed at the end of the core handle;
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the handle of FIG. 1 along the line 1 - 1;
  • FIG 3 shows a longitudinal section through a handle, in which the grip part with the second and third cross-sectional area is axially secured by a snap connection on the core grip, the first cross-sectional area;
  • Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a handle, wherein the core handle is extended in the front part to the handle surface and the handle part with the second and third Cross-sectional area between the front part of the core handle and a reduced cap is taken;
  • FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section through a handle, in which the first cross-sectional area, the core handle, does not pass to the handle end, but the handle end is formed by the second and third cross-sectional area;
  • FIG. 6 shows, as a partial longitudinal section, a handle in which the shank (3c) of the core grip without cap extends to the rear end of the grip (1).
  • the longitudinal section according to FIG. 1 by a handle (1) according to the invention shows the core handle (3) made of hard plastic, forming the first cross-sectional area, for which a first rigidity is defined. Inserted into the core handle is the shank (2) of a tool. At the end of the core handle, a large cap (4) is molded to the core handle and forms the crowned end of the handle.
  • the hard plastic cap has a smooth, frictionless surface. This is advantageous in a screwdriver handle, because when exerting a high torque, the hand is supported at the handle end and the handle rotates in the palm. For smaller handles or those for other tools, with a different hand - grip coupling, the formation of such a cap is not required.
  • the surface layer (5a) covers the entire grip surface. Except for the cap and a small area on the front of the handle. On the front side, the front end of the core grip sealingly abuts in the mold cavity when the second and third cross-sectional areas (5b, 5a) are sprayed onto the core handle
  • the surface layer (5a) forms the third cross-sectional area for which a third stiffness is defined.
  • the surface layer continues on the inside of the cap to the surface of the core handle and forms adjacent to the rear part of the core handle (3) the layer (5c).
  • the second cross-sectional area (5b) Between the surface of the Kemgriffes or the layer (5c) is the second cross-sectional area (5b), for which a second stiffness is defined.
  • the second and third cross-sectional area is formed of elastic plastic of different hardness, wherein the plastic used for the third cross-sectional area has a higher hardness than the plastic used for the second cross-sectional area.
  • the three cross-sectional areas are - by appropriate selection of the plastics used - material, by welding during the injection process, connected together.
  • a form-locking connection of the first and second cross-sectional area can be provided.
  • ribs (6) are radially attached to the core grip (3), which project beyond the layer (5c) into the second cross-sectional area. It is advantageous that the layer (5c) is formed between the ribs. Since it has a higher hardness or strength than the plastic forming the second cross-sectional area (5b) and is connected to the surface of the core grip (3) by welding, it effectively contributes to the transmission of torque.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section through Fig. 1 is shown, which illustrates the structure of the handle with the three Oueritess Schemeen.
  • Figure 3 shows in longitudinal section a handle, which is herg Threat after the second manufacturing process.
  • the second and third cross-sectional area (5b, 5a) are produced in an injection mold as a separate part, resulting in the same stratification, as when spraying on the core handle. Through this part extends in the longitudinal direction, however, a cavity whose cross-sectional contour corresponds to the selected cross-sectional contour of the core handle and is formed during injection molding by a mandrel. To protect against rotation, or for the transmission of torque, the cross-sectional contour is out of round.
  • ribs (6) are attached to the core grip.
  • the handle part In the separately produced handle part are formed radially from the longitudinally extending cavity outgoing pockets, in which the ribs engage when the part from the front of the core handle (3) is plugged. In the end position, the handle part lies with the rear end on the inside of the cap (4), at the front end it is connected by the snap connection (7) with the core handle and secured in its axial position.
  • the front part (3a) of the core grip (3) is widened in the radial direction and forms with its surface the front area of the grip surface.
  • the cross-sectional areas (5b, 5a) are located between the extended front part of the core handle and a - reduced - cap (49) at the end of the core handle.
  • the grip part with the cross-sectional areas (5a, 5b) can either be initially manufactured as a separate injection molding and plugged from behind over the cap (4a) on the core handle or it is sprayed directly onto the core handle, as in the embodiment according to Fig.1.
  • the cross-sectional areas (5a, 5b) are elastic, the longitudinal cavity expands during assembly of the injection molded part over the reduced-diameter cap (4a), in the end position, the part is almost on the core handle and is axially between the extended front part and the cap secured to the end of the core handle.
  • FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section finally a handle in which the Kemlik (3) does not go through to the end of the handle (1), but its end (3b) opposite the rear end of the handle (1) protrudes and the end part (8) of Handle made of plastic of the cross-sectional areas (5a, 5b) is formed.
  • FIG. 6 shows, as a partial longitudinal section, a handle in which the shank (3c) of the core grip without cap extends to the rear end of the grip (1).
  • the second cross-sectional area made of very soft plastic (5c) is the layer on the core grip of the same plastic from which the surface layer is formed
  • Handles with the described construction are suitable for screwdrivers, screw clamps, but also, for example, for saws, trowels, chisels, hand garden tools, and other tools, the outer shape of which corresponds to the appropriate form for each tool.
  • Handle (1) for tools characterized in that it is constructed in the radial direction substantially of three cross-sectional areas with different stiffness, namely a first cross-sectional area, the core handle (3) made of hard plastic having a first stiffness, a third cross-sectional area, the surface layer ( 5a) of elastic plastic having a third stiffness and the second cross-sectional area (5b) of soft elastic plastic having a second stiffness between the first and third cross-sectional areas, the second stiffness being less than the third stiffness, and the sizing of the areas and their rigidity
  • the handle (1) upon application of the handle (1) by the force of a hand, a spatial deformation of the second and third cross-sectional area (5a, 5b) takes place.
  • Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 3 characterized in that the plastic of the plastic in the third cross-sectional area (5a) has a hardness of 40 to 85 Shore A, 6.
  • Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 5 characterized in that the hardness of the plastic in the third cross-sectional area (5a) is greater than the hardness of the plastic in the second cross-sectional area (5b).
  • the second and third cross-sectional area (5b, Sa) made as an injection molded part for itself and on the first cross section, the core handle (3) mounted form-fitting connected to it and fixed by gluing or a snap connection (7) on it.
  • handle according to the embodiments 1 to 15 characterized in that the core handle (3) has a spherical end of the handle (1) forming cap (4) whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the shaft (3c) of the core handle ,
  • Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 16 characterized in that the core handle (3) has no crowned cap (4) and with the shaft (3c) to the end of the handle (1) passes.
  • Embodiment 23 A tool handle (1) is constructed in the radial direction essentially from three gripping areas, namely a first gripping area with a first stiffness, the hard plastic core handle (3) into which the tool is inserted, a third gripping area, the surface layer (5a) of elastic Plastic having a third stiffness and the second gripping area 8 5b) lying between the first and third gripping areas, with a second rigidity, the second stiffness being less than the third stiffness.
  • the handle according to the invention fulfills ergonomic requirements optimally
  • the invention describes a handle (1) for hand tools constructed in the radial direction from substantially three cross-sectional areas with different rigidity.
  • the second rigidity is less than the third rigidity and is due to a means fixed in the second cross-sectional area (5b) and / or in the third cross-sectional area (5a). This agent prevents the migration of plasticizers through the individual cross-sectional areas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un manche (1) pour outils à main dans le sens radial, comprenant essentiellement trois zones en coupe transversale présentant des rigidités différentes, à savoir une première zone en coupe transversale, le noyau du manche (3), constituée d'un plastique dur présentant une première rigidité, une troisième zone en coupe transversale, la couche superficielle (5a), constituée d'un plastique élastique présentant une troisième rigidité, ainsi que la deuxième zone en coupe transversale (5b) située entre la première et la troisième zone en coupe transversale, cette deuxième zone étant constituée d'un plastique élastique souple présentant une deuxième rigidité. La deuxième rigidité est inférieure à la troisième rigidité et elle est due à un agent fixé dans la deuxième zone en coupe transversale (5b) et/ou dans la troisième zone en coupe transversale (5a). Cet agent empêche la migration de plastifiants à travers les différentes zones en coupe transversale.
PCT/EP2006/012600 2005-12-29 2006-12-29 Manche pour transferer un couple de torsion ou un effort de pression WO2007079979A2 (fr)

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DE102005063035 2005-12-29
DE102005063035.9 2005-12-29
DE200620015466 DE202006015466U1 (de) 2006-10-06 2006-10-06 Griff zur Übertragung eines Torsionsmomentes oder einer Druckkraft
DE202006015466.3 2006-10-06

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2045046A1 (fr) * 2007-10-05 2009-04-08 Felo-Werkzeugfabrik Holland-Letz Gmbh Poignée pour un outil
EP2208518A3 (fr) * 2010-03-03 2010-09-08 Accessories 4 Technology Limited Manche de manette de jeu
US10583550B2 (en) 2017-11-02 2020-03-10 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Grip component for a hand tool
US11110585B2 (en) 2017-11-02 2021-09-07 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Grip component for a hand tool
US11897115B2 (en) 2020-12-09 2024-02-13 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Ergonomic grip for striking tool

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1136219A1 (fr) * 2000-03-18 2001-09-26 PTS Plastic Technologie Service Marketing- & Vertriebs-GmbH Corps moulé à structure sandwich souple/souple, procédé pour sa fabrication et son utilisation
EP1314519A1 (fr) * 2001-11-23 2003-05-28 Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG Manche en particulier pour des outils

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EP1136219A1 (fr) * 2000-03-18 2001-09-26 PTS Plastic Technologie Service Marketing- & Vertriebs-GmbH Corps moulé à structure sandwich souple/souple, procédé pour sa fabrication et son utilisation
EP1314519A1 (fr) * 2001-11-23 2003-05-28 Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG Manche en particulier pour des outils

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2045046A1 (fr) * 2007-10-05 2009-04-08 Felo-Werkzeugfabrik Holland-Letz Gmbh Poignée pour un outil
EP2208518A3 (fr) * 2010-03-03 2010-09-08 Accessories 4 Technology Limited Manche de manette de jeu
US10583550B2 (en) 2017-11-02 2020-03-10 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Grip component for a hand tool
US11110585B2 (en) 2017-11-02 2021-09-07 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Grip component for a hand tool
US11897115B2 (en) 2020-12-09 2024-02-13 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Ergonomic grip for striking tool

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